Professional Documents
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Overview of HACCP and ISO 22000
Overview of HACCP and ISO 22000
and ISO 22000
ISO 1
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
Definition of HACCP
• Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points
– A systematic approach to the identification,
evaluation, and control of food safety hazards.
• HACCP provides the framework to produce
foods safely and to prove they were produced
safely.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
HACCP
• Specifically focuses on food safety, not all
attributes constituting food quality
• Applicable to all phases of food production
• Focus is on prevention and control of potential
food safety hazards rather than inspection
• Use of science and technology to ensure the
production of safe food
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
HACCP
• Covers all types of potential food safety
hazards whether they are naturally occurring
in the food, contributed by the environment,
or generated by a mistake in the
manufacturing process.
– Biological hazards (e.g. bacteria, viruses)
– Chemical hazards (e.g. pesticide residues,
mycotoxins)
– Physical hazards (e.g. metal, glass)
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
HACCP
HACCP addresses three main questions:
1. Is there a potential hazard?
2. Can we control/eliminate it?
3. Can we monitor it?
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
Origins of HACCP
• W.E. Deming ‐ 1950s
– Developed total quality management systems
– Emphasized a systems approach to manufacturing
• Pillsbury Company, US Army, NASA ‐ 1960s
– “Zero Defects” program for space flights
– Emphasis on process control as opposed to end‐
product testing
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
HACCP Adoption
• 1971 ‐ Pillsbury presented HACCP publicly at
a conference for food protection.
• 1974 ‐ HACCP concepts incorporated into
the US regulations for low‐acid canned
foods.
• 1980s ‐ HACCP adoption by major food
companies.
• 1985 ‐ US National Academy of Sciences
recommended adoption of HACCP by
food processing establishments to
ensure food safety.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
Original HACCP Principles (1971)
• Identification and assessment of hazards
associated with growing/harvesting to
marketing/preparation.
• Determination of critical control points to
control any identifiable hazard.
• Establishment of systems to monitor critical
control points.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
Adoption of HACCP Principles
• Subcommittee of the Food Protection
Committee of the US National Academy of
Sciences, 1985
– “An Evaluation of the Role of Microbiological
Criteria for Foods and Food Ingredients”
– Strongly recommended HACCP
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
Adoption of HACCP Principles
• National Advisory Committee on
Microbiological Criteria for Foods (NACMCF),
1989
– “HACCP Principles for Food Production”
– Described the seven HACCP principles and a
systematic approach for the application of HACCP
to food production.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
Codex Alimentarius Commission
• 1993 ‐ Adopted “Guidelines for the
application of the Hazard Analysis
Critical Control Point (HACCP)
system”
• 1997 ‐ Revised “Recommended Code of
Practice ‐ General Principles of Food
Hygiene”
– HACCP Guidelines included as an annex.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
US HACCP Regulations
• Seafood –1997
• Meat and Poultry Processing – 1998‐2000
• Juice Processing – 2002‐2004
• Not formally required by other sectors as of
December 2009.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
OVERVIEW OF HACCP PRELIMINARY
TASKS AND PRINCIPLES
(Based on NACMCF, 1997)
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
Preliminary Tasks in the Development
of a HACCP Plan
• Assemble the HACCP team.
• Describe the food and its distribution.
• Describe the intended use and consumers of
the food.
• Develop a flow diagram which describes the
process.
• Verify the flow diagram.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
HACCP Principles
• Principle 1.
– Conduct a hazard analysis. Prepare a list of steps
in the process where significant hazards occur and
describe preventative measures.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
HACCP Principles
• Principle 2.
– Identify the Critical Control Points (CCPs) in the
process.
– The “Stop Sign” of the process.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
HACCP Principles
• Principle 3.
– Establish critical limits for each preventative
measure associated with each identified CCP.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
HACCP Principles
• Principle 4.
– Establish CCP monitoring requirements. Establish
procedures for using the results of monitoring to
adjust the process and maintain control.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
HACCP Principles
• Principle 5.
– Establish corrective action to be taken when
monitoring indicates that there is a deviation from
an established critical limit.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
HACCP Principles
• Principle 6.
– Establish procedures for verification that the
HAACP system is working correctly.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
HACCP Principles
• Principle 7.
– Establish effective record‐keeping procedures that
document the HACCP system.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
ISO 22000:2005
• Food Safety Management Systems –
Requirements for any organization in the food
chain.
– Specifies the requirements for a food safety
management system that combines the following
generally recognized key elements to ensure FS along
the food chain, up to the point of consumption:
• Interactive Communication
• System Management
• Prerequisite Programs
• HACCP Principles
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
ISO 22000:2005
• System integrates the principles of Hazard
Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP)
system and application steps developed by the
Codex Alimentarius Commission.
• Developed as an auditable standard
• Additional guidance on implementation in
ISO/TS 22004.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
PAS 220:2008
• Publicly Available Specification
• Prerequisite programs on food safety for food
manufacturing.
• Developed by BSI in collaboration with the food
industry.
• Specifies requirements for prerequisite programs
to assist in controlling food safety hazards.
• Not a stand‐alone document; must be used in
conjunction with ISO 22000.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
FSSC 22000
• Food Safety System Certification 22000
• Finalized January 2009
• Certification scheme for food safety systems of
food manufacturing based on ISO 22000:2005
and BSI‐PAS 220:2008.
• Managed by the Foundation for Food Safety
Certification, Gorinchem, the Netherlands
• Has been benchmarked against the GFSI
Guidance Document, version 5 and is now
provisionally recognized by GFSI.
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
QUESTIONS?
© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA
License to Reuse
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Unported (CC‐BY‐SA).
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© 2009 Coca‐Cola Company and Michigan State University, original at http://www.fskntraining.org, CC‐BY‐SA