SOME LAPLACE TRANSFORM EXAMPLES WITH SOLUTIONS AND

COMMON TRANSFORMS

ENG 6055 MARINE CYBERNETICS

1. Examples
(1) Using the tables below show that
eiωt = cos(ωt) + i sin(ωt).
(2) Derive the Laplace transform of
f (t) = 1 + 2 sin(ωt).
(3) Given F (s) = L(f (t)) show that for g(t) = e−at f (t),
L(g(t)) = G(s) = F (s + a).
(4) Using the above property what is the Laplace transform of
f (t) = A sin(ωt)e−at ?
(5) Find the Laplace transform of
d
cos(ωt).
g(t) =
dt
(6) Using Laplace transforms find the solution to
ẍ + 5ẋ + 4x = 3 with x(0) = 1 and ẋ(0) = 1.
(7) Using Laplace transforms find the solution to
ẍ + 5ẋ + 4x = u(t) with x(0) = 0, ẋ(0) = 0 and u(t) = 2e−2t .
X(s)
(8) What are the zeros and poles of the above transfer-function G(s) = U (s) .

1.1. Solutions.
(1) By direct computation (example given in class).
(2)
s2 + 2ωs + ω 2
F (s) =
s3 + ω 2 s
(3)
Z ∞ Z ∞ Z ∞
−st −at −st
G(s) = g(t)e dt = e f (t)e dt = f (t)e−(s+a)t dt = F (s + a)
0 0 0
Note: This is also called the frequency shift property.
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2 ENG 6055 MARINE CYBERNETICS

(4)
Aω
F (s) = .
(s + a)2 + ω 2
(5) Since cos(ω0) = 1 we get
ω2
G(s) = L(g(t)) = sL(cos(ωt)) − cos(ω0) = − .
s2 + ω 2
(6) Applying the Laplace transform to the differential equation results in
3
s2 X(s) − sx(0) − ẋ(0) + 5[sX(s) − x(0)] + 4X(s) = .
s
Using partial fraction expansion and applying the inverse Laplace transform to the
result yields the following solution to the differential equation:
3 2 11
x(t) = + e−t + e−4t for t > 0.
4 3 12
(7) Applying the Laplace transform to the differential equation results in
2
s2 X(s) + 5sX(s) + 4X(s) = .
s+2
After solving for Y (s) and applying partial fraction expansion we obtain
2 1
1
X(s) = − + 3 + 3
s+2 s+1 s+4
applying the inverse Laplace transform, we get
2 1
x(t) = −e−2t + e−t + e−4t for t > 0.
3 3
(8) The transfer function of the above system is
X(s) 1 1
G(s) = = 2 = .
U (s) s + 5s + 4 (s + 1)(s + 4)
G(s) has no zeros and poles at s = −1 and s = −4.
 SOME LAPLACE TRANSFORM EXAMPLES WITH SOLUTIONS AND COMMON TRANSFORMS 3

2. Some useful properties

2.1. Sine and Cosine as a complex function.
√
i = −1
1 iωt
sin(ωt) = (e − e−iωt )
2i
1 iωt
cos(ωt) = (e + e−iωt )
2
2.2. Laplace transforms. Laplace transforms in this table are valid for:
f (t) = 0 for t < 0 and T, ω > 0.
f (t) F (s) = L(f (t))
1
1
s
1
t
s2
1 2 1
t
2 s3
1
eat
s−a
1
teat
(s − a)2
1 −t 1
e T
T 1 + Ts
1 1
sin(ωt)
ω s2 + ω 2
s
cos(ωt)
s2 + ω 2