Earth's Rotation is the rotation of Planet Earth around its own axis .

Earth
rotates eastward, in prograde motion. As viewed from the north pole star Polaris, Earth
turns counterclockwise.

The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole,
is the point in the Northern Hemisphere where Earth's axis of rotation meets its surface.
This point is distinct from Earth's North Magnetic Pole. The South Pole is the other point
where Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface, in Antarctica.

Earth rotates once in about 24 hours with respect to the Sun, but once every 23
hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds with respect to the stars. Earth's rotation is slowing
slightly with time; thus, a day was shorter in the past. This is due to the tidal
effects the Moon has on Earth's rotation. Atomic clocks show that a modern-day is longer
by about 1.7 milliseconds than a century ago, slowly increasing the rate at which UTC is
adjusted by leap seconds. Analysis of historical astronomical records shows a slowing
trend of 2.3 milliseconds per century since the 8th century BCE.

SOLAR DAY – the time between the noon of one day and the noon of the next day.
ORBIT – path around the sun, so the sun appears to move eastward in the sky.
MERIDIAN – line running from pole to pole.
SIDEREAL DAY – based on the time between the passage of a given star across a
meridian
INTERNATIONAL DATE LINE – was established at 180 degrees meridian.
ANTE MERIDIEM – A.M – from midnight to noon
POST MERIDIEM – P.M – from noon to midnight
CIVIL DAY – begins at the midnight and ends at the next midnight.
REVOLUTION OF EARTH
Another type of motion is known as “revolution”. Revolution is when one object
completes a circular path around another object. The Earth takes 365.24 days to revolve
around the Sun. This is why a year is 365 days long. During the year the Earth is angled
differently towards the Sun. These changing angles provide us with different Sun
intensities and therefore we get four different seasons. Since the Earth is at different
positions in space over the year, we see different constellations throughout the year.
Coriolis Effect: Defection of wind due to rotation of Earth.

UP [NORTH]: West DOWN [SOUTH]: East (On Surface)

Northern Hemisphere: Deflected to the right (clockwise)
Southern Hemisphere: Deflected to the left (counter-clockwise)
Trade Winds: high pressure wind blown to the west from 30N
Westerlies: deflected to the east
Earth is currently in a cool phase characterized by formation of glaciers (glacial maxima),
followed by warm periods with glacial melting (interglacial periods). These glacial–
interglacial cycles occur at frequencies of about 100,000 years. We are currently in an
interglacial period; these have lasted about 23,000 years in the past. The last glacial
maximum was about 18,000 years ago.
The glacial–interglacial cycles have been explained by regular changes in the shape of
Earth’s orbit and the tilt of its axis—Milankovitch cycles.
Circular rotation causes glaciers to melt; more solar radiation; Elliptical= less radiation. The
intensity of solar radiation reaching Earth changes, resulting in climatic change. The shape
of Earth’s orbit changes in 100,000-year cycles. The angle of axis tilt changes in cycles of
about 41,000 years. Earth’s orientation relative to other celestial objects changes in cycles
of about 22,000 years.