Joseph Parsalis Nicholas Stephens EW EDITIONS sh Language Teaching +Unit 11 (Gai Unit 13 7 Examin Present Tenses Present Simple & Continuous, Stative Verbs, Present Perfact Simple & Continuous ‘Vocabulary Practice Past Tenses (1) Past Simple & Continuous Vocabulary Practice Past Tenses (2) & Pronouns Past Perfect Simple & Continuous, Used To/Would, Personal Pronouns, Reflexive Pronouns, Possession Use of English Practice Tests 1 & 2 The Future Future Simple & Continuous, Be Going To, Present Simple & Continuous, Future Perfect Simple & Continuous Vocabulary Practice Nouns, Quantifiers & Articles Plural Nouns, Countable & Uncountable Nouns, Quantifiers, Definite & Indefinite Articles Vocabulary Practice Modals Can, Could & Be Able To, Must & Have To, May/Might, Should, Needn’t Examination Practice Use of English Practice Tests 3 & 4 Adjectives & Adverbs ‘Comparatives & Superlatives, Adverbs of Frequency, Prepositions of Time & Place Vocabulary Practice . The Passive Passive Voice, Personal & Impersonal Construction, MakelLe/Be Allowed To page page page page page page page page page Page page page page 28 34 40 46 52 56 62 66 78 84oO CONTENTS a Vocabulary Practice page 106 The Causative Form page 110 mination Practice page 112 Use of English Practice Tests 5 & 6 Infinitive & Gerund page 118 Full Infinitive, Bare Infinitive, Gerund, Too/Enough Vocabulary Practice page 130 Indirect Speech page 134 Indirect Statements, Indirect Questions, Indirect Commands & Requests, Reporting Verbs Vocabulary Practice page 144 Question Tags & So/Neither page 148 page 150 Use of English Practice Tests 7 & 8 Conditionals & Wishes page 156 Zero Conditional, First Conditional, Second Conditional, Third Conditional, Wishes, Suppose/What if ..2 Vocabulary Practice page 166 Clauses (1) page 170 Relative Clauses, Time Clauses, Result Clauses, Too/Enough “ Mocabulary Practice page 178 Unit 29 Clauses (2) page 182 Purpose Clauses, In Case, Reason Clauses, Clauses of Contrast & Concession, Participle Clauses, Not Only ... But Also Baie xainination Practice page 186 Use of English Practice Tests 9 & 10 Irregular Verbs page 192PRESENT TENSES Present Simple & Continuous, Stative Verbs, Present Perfect Simple & Continuous | Present Simple Do tiyouwelthey work? Uyoulwelthey work Does helshelit work? helshelit works 2 Habiwal actions | George always brushes his teeth in the morning. © Laws of science and nature Water boils at 100°C. © Permanent situations LHe lives near the airport. / She doesn’t work here. |G Timetables and programmed | The train leaves at 19.25. events Present Continuous Am | working? Are youlwelthey working? Is helshelit working? am working Vm not working youlwelthey are working youlwelthey aren't working he/shetie isn’t working To describe a temporary Jane is preparing o meal now. action taking place now or Tony is working in the library this summer around the time of speaking 8 For arrangements that will Peter is having a party on Saturday. take place in the near future ® For a repeated action My sister is always borrowing my clothes without asking. indicating annoyance (used with always, constantly, ete) Stative Verbs | Stative verbs are.normally used in the Present Simple tense and not the Present Continuous. ee | feel tired. | admire, appreciate, desire, like, |! really respect you. dislike, detest, fear, hate, love, She doesn’t want to come, mind, need, respect, want, wish agree, believe, expect forget, || dom't agree with you imagine, know, mean, realise, You don’t mean that. recognise, remember, understand ‘own, belong, owe, possess, have | This hotel belongs to my father. notice, appear, matter, seam, | It doesn’t matter whether you sound, cost [_came or not. ]a = naa 9 20 g Complete the following sentences by putting the verbs in Some stative verbs can be used in continuous forms, but there is a change in meaning. Instead of describing a state, they describe an activity. have | have two brothers. | She Is having a holiday in Fronce. (experiencing) feel | [feel tred | The doctor is feeling her arm. (touching) expect | | expect you're sorry now. fam expecting an answer. (waiting for) taste This soup tastes fantastic. | She is tasting the food. (tasting the flavour) see | [see thatyou have got a new car. | | am seeing the doctor today. (meeting by appointment) smell | This bread smells delicious | Why are you smelling the food? (sniffing at) think (of) i | think you're very clever. |) Lar thinking of buying a new car. forming 2 possible plan in one’s mind) Note: Hove can also be used in continuous forms when combined with a pary, baby, o dink @ bath, a meal, etc She is having a baby in the summer. He can't come to the phone; he is having a bath. Jam having lunch with my mother tomorrow. brackets into the Present Simple or Present Continuous. Mrs Owen..... .. (receive) a letter from her son every month. He +++ (study) abroad and ie cesses (never forget) to write to his mother. When I so (G0) to the dentist, (feel) tense. (not remember) new words after -..(o0t seem) to be able Kate .. studying them. She to learn them. She +++ (watch) TV at the moment. She .. (watch) TV every night before she sssscsseese (GO) t0 bed. “Hello, Sue! What ... .. (you do) over there?” Wess seve (t19) to fix this radio. 1 Jane can't come to the phone because she .. She (wash) her hair every day. ssseeuss (YOU [always | lock) your windows before you leave? | (SOW). IE. sceesessssseeeseee (Seldom snow) at this time of year, .. (668) a doctor about her headaches tomorrow morning. . (have) a wonderful house. TV cccussssssssssssee (think) Mr Brown is a very good teacher. . (think) of buying a new house. | can't afford to buy this house. I. sees (C0St) too much .» (listen) to the radio every day after work. . (wash) her hair. LOOK It .sssssceeeesssseee (Tain), Unfortunately, | ese (Rot have) my umbrella with me, During the week, | cesses: (sleep) until 8 am. Then, | eseees (Get UP), « . . (brush) my teeth, s+ (have) breakfast and ... + (G0) t0 SCHOOL I es ssseereseee secsneeeusseeeese (NeWeF miss) school. Sue .... sss (NOt Want) to visit her grandmother because her friends ...csssesssseesetevee (go) to the beach. What time sossessseeesse . (the plane / take off)? They sssesveorsenc (have) a party on Saturday5 Choose the correct word or phrase He tastes s (Ciesingythe soup at the moment to see if it needs more salt. They are visting / visit their grandparents every Sunday. What do you think / are you thinking the best way to overcome stress is? 1 2 3 4 Lanry never goes /7s going out after midnight. 5 We think / are thinking of moving to Wales. 6 Jack always is wearing / wears a suit to the office 7 Itisn’t true. | am not believing / don’t believe it. 8 Please be quiet. | am trying / try to concentrate. 9 Martha stays / is staying with Jil for the time being. 10. Marilyn doesn’ watch / isn't watching horror films 11 How are you going / do you go to work every day? 12. I can’t come with you tonight. | am seeing / see an old friend. 13. {think / am thinking that you should find another job. 14 Well done! | am admiring / admire your courage. 15 He is thinking / thinks of buying a house in the country. 16 This perfume smells /is smelling awful = Find the mistake and correct the sentence. 1 Does Paul walks to work every day? 5 Nobody think that John will pass the test. ‘ TY LAY? ee os 7 2. My mother always telling us to eat breakfast! 6 My brother don’t have a job right now. 3. What time do the last train leave? 7 My friend isn’t liking her house. 4 Hes see the dentist at 6 pm today. 8 She thinks of moving to a new apartment. | Write the questions to the answers. 3. e 1 A Where 49, you.usually, 80. at ekend. B | usually go to my friend’s house at the weekend. 2 A What time «se. et ieiaieieeecetieeaetteect B { leave school at four o'clock every dey. 3A Where cacseceeenseeres es B My sister ives in London, 4 AWhat « . on Saturday night? B tam visting my grandmother, | SAL. 7 ea st .. with us to the party on Sunday? | B No, | am not. | think I will stay at home. | 6 AWhy . : . that woolly hat? ! B l feel rather cold today. | TA Secrecy Ste sess heavy coat? B No, t don’t. | only wear a heavy coat when itis cold outside, | 8 A Wheat soos fight now? | B {am doing my homework,R a Rewrite the sentences using the interrogative and the negative form, We eat out during the week. the week... he we Sheila is sitting her exams'in June, A. B No, ... Ie snows in Alaska, Ase : BNO, sssssseeee Paul likes spaghett. pAtitceetatattaetiae ie ? B No, .. Sie taieteta He comes home from work at 7 pm. A. 2 B Noy ssssee Present Continuous. £ Complate the following sentences by putting the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple or I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 lo in 12 The children are doing. {do) their homework at the moment. Leeasteesittooeane ++ (have) lunch with Mary tomorrow. Light .. sessssses (travel) at 186,000 miles per second. 1 +» (work) in the sales department for a few days. They . (always try) to show how clever they are. It's so annoying! We : sss (G0) t0 Santorini every summer, The children sce (get) lots of presents every Christimas. Now | : sesserusseee (Femember) her name! It's Juliette, ack iestasttiaantaiettioetti (have) a small cottage in the country. The ice at the North Pole .. seve (get) thinner. The last performance She Rae (start) at eleven o'clock on Fridays. (not g0) sho Present Perfect Tenses Present Perfect Simple 7 have/has + past participle Ihave lived here since 1990. Present Perfect Continuous hhave/has + been + -ing J have been painting the house. Note: With regular verbs, the past participle is formed by adding -ed_to the infinitive. With irregular verbs, the past participle forms must be learnt. A list of the most common irregular verbs is on page 192 at the back of this book.Present Perfect Simple a Actions which started in the past and have I have worked in this office for three years. ‘ot stopped I ® Actions which occurred in the past and have an. | She's forgotten his phone number, so she can't ring him. effect on the present © Actions which occurred in the past but we do | We have seen this film before. not know or are not interested in when @ Experiences They have visited India. |. ® Achievements He has learnt three foreign languages. | & The number of umes something has happened | He's failed his crving tet four times. | 'B Actions which have occurred during an unfinished | I've done a lot of work this morning and its only ten period of time “ ‘Note: The Present Perfect Simple is also used with already, before, ever, just, never, up to now, yet, fo, since. Ive already told him about the problem. | She's just finished her project. Thave lived here for two years. He has worked there since 1997. gO oes Present Perfect Continuous uae s © Actions which started in the past and are stil going on © To emphasise how long an action has been in progress 5 Actions which may or may not have stopped and are responsible for a present condition J have been waiting all moming! He's been looking after the children; that’s why he’s exhausted. Note: The Present Perfect Continuous is also used with all day/night, for, since, lately, recently. He has been training hard lately. She has been decorating her house since Jonuary. They have been studying for their exams since October. i Pur the verbs in brackets in the Present Perfect Simple or Continuous. vent been, (not go) to a party since Christmas. ae It. ss (Pain) all day. Ie seems it will never stop! 3. People (call) all morning to complain about the poor service and they a still calling. actin (you / finish) your homework yet? 5 (cry) to contact Peter but his phone is always engaged. 6 He : - sess (fly) an aeroplane before but he doesn’t think he can do it now. 7 ‘What's all this mess? What. caste (you Ido)?” 8 Where ... oss (YOU J BE)PL esseseseenssseeessrnnsseessseeessnss (OOK) for you for two hours. 9 He... seen (work) in this company for 40 years and ....+.ssesseeessseesee (never cause) any trouble. 10 Since the doctor warned him about his poor health, James . sees (give up) smoki HL Someone os... +++ (use) my towel. It’s wet. 2 (wait) for you for halfan hour. Why did't you cal to say you would be late? 3 {not pay) your rent yet. You always forget. 14 . (make) up his rind not to accept the post. re ngd correcting, 0 Correct the following sentences where necessary. Put.a tick (7) below those which do not ne 1 Soméone has been smoking in here. I can smell 5 _It's the first time she is playing golf with us. cigarette smoke. 6 We've been checking the records but we haven't 2 finished yet. 7 Tom has been missing the bus so he'll be late, @ Her eyes are red because she has cried. [ "He hos never eten Chinese fod before [ This isthe frst time ...2¢.has (ever) eaten. Chinese food. 1 Jane has never played the guitar before. This is the first time 2 They have never visited a museum before. This is the first time 3 Mybrother has never had an accident before. This is the first time . a 4 Ihave never been to a rock concert before. les the first time 5 Thave never sung in front of an audience before. les the first time . ft 6 He has never listened to this kind of music before. It’s the first time ..... Sg Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect Simple or Continuous. We veresenunitave missed . (miss) the bus, so we're walking to school. secsececssseee (SWim) all morning. That's why they're exhausted. He oceeesseeeseseessesseeesnseessseeess (Duy) the book you wanted, (catch) a cold three times this year seseeseses (learn) English? (g0) to Italy for their holidays for ten years. .. (look) for a new job since last year and still hasn't found one. . (forget) where they parked their car. (try) to repair the TV for two hours. | think she should give up now. The teacher aseeoreen sessseecssaeeesenes (088) some of her books Sie cst piistnsasteaaatecaetta gPhrasal verbs: break Use the verb break in its correct form together with the particles below to replace the words and phrases in brackets in the following sentences. The first one has been done for you. ‘out ‘out off we up up up into down down 1 After Joe had lost control of his model aeroplane, it hit the ground and .. broke up, (smashed into pieces) 2 Two prisoners succeeded if ..ssssssseeceessassseeeseseseee (@scaping) by dressing up as guards. sessoes (ended) their engagement at last night's party. .. (ended their school term) for the 3. Jane and Simon .. : 4 They aren't at school because they summer holidays last week. 5 Harry's old car seems to The police had to .... sessensssses (Stop working) at least once a month, v destroy) the front door in order to rescue the kidnapped child. 7 Peace talks failed to prevent war from secsetccnsseveneecee (Starting). i 8 © Maggie and Mark have . a (separated) after four years of marriage. 9 The burglars -.sscsssese +. (forcibly entered) the house through the kitchen window. 10 Ouir meeting . (ended) so late that | didn’t get home until after midnight. Phrasal verbs: bring Use the verb bring in its correct form together with the particles below to replace the words and phrases in brackets in the following sentences. The first one has been done for you. out about —round =—sround «back = back = in. ff, «Sonu 1 Our new teacher has the ability t0 .......0.++ D/EMS. OWL... (explain clearly) all the main points of our physics theory. Do What .cosecscsssssussssensseeeemsseee (Caused) his sudden change in attitude towards her? 3 They have . ssseinseeeessees (produced) some excellent. computer games this year. 4 Sam doesn’t agree with our plans but Karen should be able to (convince) . i inch et eeeeet eer ree 5 Going out in cold weather with wet hair ccsrsitesesissesrsseess (Was the cause of) a heavy cold, ! 6 The government has . introduced) new laws concerning taxation. 7 Could you please .. (return) the book as soon as possible. | 8 The old toys I found in the attic sesssesreseeeees (Caused me to recall) memories of my childhood. 9 We had to use smelling salts to . (help) the man who had fainted (regain \ consciousness). 10. Jane sald she'd get them to sign the contract and she actually (succeeded in doing)Phrasal verbs: come Use the verb come in its correct form together with the particles below to replace the words and phrases in brackets in the following sentences, The first one has been done for you, up against into up out down down = up with — out in if you are ever in my neighbourhood, feel free to come. round......... (pay mea visit). 1 2. Whenever she eats strawberries she ..... : (develops) a rash all over her body. 3. le took the patient quite a while £0 ..es.csssscseeseesssseeeeseesnve (Fegain consciousness) after the operation. 4 Some power lines seessesssee (ll to the ground) in last night's hurricane so we had no electricity 5 I'l buy a new computer as soon as the Price ...seeeceessse (falls). 6 we... i . (face) any more financial problems, we may have to abandon the project. 7 Te was Janet Who «.sssosseeeee (found) the solution to our financial problems. B The (Wins -esssnnvnnsniesno (inherited) a fortune when ther rich uncle ded. 9 e's much warmer now that the sun haS ssssssseee ssssssssees (appeared from behind the clouds). 10 As 1 was tidying up, Vs ssseeeeesee sss: (found) some old stamps (quite by chance). IL Whoever would have thought that their plan to own a multinational company would seseneneeee ~ (succeed)! 12. ean's go shopping with you because something has .. (happened unexpectedly). Words easily confused Use the words on the left to complete the sentences on the right. Make sure the words are in the. correct form. Use each word at least once. “he was going out but he didn't. me wher louder than words. Enonsense again. Stop ...cseccsseecsseee es and start the -d What language were they eevee PD ean't oe > difference between German and Dutch. . us some marvellous stories during her stay. ferret e .- at the moment. b Going on a long sea .. ses Was dangerous at one time. ©THE vveseseeee will be shorter once they've completed the tunnel. do cecsssesseersensens IS Said to broaden the mind. her to lend you her car? Do you think you CaM ses-eeee He vseccsse con staying at the most expensive hotel. © Her dietician «.2..-ccssscessee her to lose weight slowly. that you put your money in that bank? ‘we should leave on Friday night. of living has risen again. far more than | paid for it. ‘We can't afford anew washing machine at that .... These rare stamps are of greatcustomer: guest patient Ihave been sent two video cassettes in .... {eis often quite difficult to tell the difference between right and According to her mother, she could do no .. Try fot to make so many «... You can't put the .... on me this time. Hinvited her by .. : My employing her was a(n) seovseee Of judgement. It’s not my ... you lost your wallet, in one of the brakes. There was a . panicked when they heard the bomb go off. ‘waiting to see the doctor. vu lnlude showbiz personalities. . . the shop owner reduced his prices. The hotel .. . ‘There were only a few He's a well-known lawyer whose In order to attract ..... How do you ... Don't Can you Time cesses She ... . your free time? asses time! You've got 2 lot of work to do. cesssssse ten minutes to discuss the new security arrangements? quickly during the holidays. .- alot of time reading. ‘The police had difficulty in controlling the seen that had turned up to greet the team at the airport. ++ Will be able to take part in their favourite TV game show. . should tune in at four o'clock for live commentary of Radié 1 the match. The ... sass. thoroughly enjoyed the play. Fewer than one thousand «...-r-veveneses SAW the game. Every easserens «ofthe jury fet sorry forthe defendant. After the robbery, the va. escaped in a stolen car. It’s one of the best golf ..... I'm afraid all the tennis Sao The spectator who ran onto the ... football stadium by police. Athletes enjoy running on the action, The new Pea We played on. are booked. was removed from the where the spectators are close to has been in use for a month now. Her flat has been .. Nobody knows who . My business partner tried to Banks in Los Angeles are .. They twice this year. the video camera. me out of my share of the profits. .. quite frequently. . the elderly couple of their life savings. Henrietta was -..... These plants «so... We both ... . by her aunt. fairly quickly on a small island.Cie Suffixes and prefixes In the First Certificate examination you will be given a task which involves changing the base form of a word into another form. This can be done by adding suffixes or prefixes or both. The table below shows the most common suffixes and, in the case of verbs, prefixes, used to form nouns, verbs and adjectives. Suffix Example | Example val survival | ate compensate able acceptable age carriage [ect detect al additonal -ance acceptance =| -en shorten ved pointed -ation exploration | ify terrify “on wooden -dom. wisdom | “ise modernise |. ful faithful ence dependence | | ible responsible vency urgency | Prefix Bample | atmospheric hood childhood, | sical technological -ing(s) belongings | om empower | ing disappointing ion exception | Be “ish selfish “ity popularity = | -ive attractive -ment argument | | tess endless ness darkness | Io lovely “ship fiendship | ory satisfactory th width | I -ous dongerous “y sofety | vular triangular -ure foiture y crazy ¥ honesty cant assistant | vee employee | “er trainer | -ian politician | vist physicist | | -or sailorWord formation Compiete the following table. \ | i educate i i eles annoyedlannoying grownlgrowing : warm prefer itd describe peeled compete “ Include seeeeemce : 7 oe decisive mountain : . eee reactive conclusive appreciate eae . explode Rese eee | Lenn a hem a Use the word in capitals at the end of each sentence to form a word that fits in the space in the sentence. ‘ 1 Juventus are the favourites to win the .......StamplensiiP........ next year CHAMPION i 2 YOUr sessesssssssseevevsestesessseseesess behaviour will not go unpunished. CHILD We 3° Throughout her .. she had difficulty in making friends. CHILD i 4. They have shown no . ssees to Cooperate. WILLING i i 5 {didn’t expect him to be so ROMANCE i 6 Going out without a coat wasn't very «. . was i? SENSE i 7 Whatis the sas of the word ‘impartial’. MEAN ! 8 The ballerina danced .. .. across the stage GRACE i 9 Take no notice of him if he to call the police THREAT 10 There's a... as for you in your office PACKPreposition practice Use the prepositions below only where necessary to complete the sentences which follow. on in of to for about at with They accused me ......%f...... dropping the plate ..... I 2 Hyou're seecseesssseee a hurry, don’t go ++ foot, 3 Nobody wanted to discuss ......+ssee« polities because nobody was interested «the subject. 4 complained «ss... the manager .. ses the quality -...co-ssee the video cassettes. 5 Rosa told vesssseeseeess me that she had no intention ......eeeees» apologising ---ceseseeeeee What she had done. 6 My friends faughed .....-.c..-.- me when I mistook a cow .. a bull 7 Mike used to be keen .... _-- playing volleyball but now he’s fed up it 8 The box was full ......s.soe. stolen jewellery. 9 They had 2 dISCUSSiON v.sescsseesie TE seseseseessee SOCTEE 10 Frank is getting engaged . Mary even though they have very little... COMMON,Past Simple Past Simple & Continuous Regular verbs in the Past Simple are formed by adding -(e}d to the infinitive. Irregular verbs in the Past Simple Afirmative have to be learnt. See page 192 for a list of irregular verbs. Vyou looked he/shelit looked welyoulthey looked you ate helshelit ate welyoulthey ate ® For actions completed in | the past at a definite time ® When the action clearly took place at a definite | time in the past although this time is not mentioned 5 For a past habit 1 For an action which interrupted another action that was in progress in the past 8 For a series of completed actions in the past | Write answers to che questions, as in the example, ~ Regular Verbs helshelit didn't look welyouifthey didn't look | Did welyourthey look? you didn’t eat he/shelit didn't eat welyoulthey didn't eat a “Ts you diet look Did you look? | Did helshefit look? Did tyou eat? Did helshelit eat? Did welyoulthey eat? | bought this car in London. He didn’t say anything about it He went for a walk every morning. The telephone rang while we were having a meeting. | was writing a letter when the parcel arrived. She sat down, opened her book and started reading. weep Say. sorry £0, Ie 2 Did your mother know about it? (father) 4 Did she move here three years ago? (four years ago) 5 Did George accuse you of stealing? (lying) ry to her? (him) He said sorry to him...Write the past form of the verbs. steal ee 6 feed Hsupport burn 7 know 12 play belong & speak 13 study catch 9 grow 14 cost buy 10 build 15 watch i Correct the sentences. I didn't went to school today because I was sick. 12 | didn’t felt very well last night; that’s why Ididn't go.t0 school today, because I was sick, | didn’t go to the cinema. ‘When | got home, Mum didn't be there. Ee Bae 13. When I see the thieves in my house last night, 1 eae ee was scared | arrive at the station two hours ago, and | am still here, 14 At that moment, I really don’t know what to do. Mary didn't came to the party yesterday. peat 15.1 lee them take what they want and then I called i the police. eee : : sess 16 When the police arrived, there is nobody in the Did you followed my advice? house. Of course | told him the truth, but he not believed me. He had all the qualifications for the job, but he doesn't get it. When I see him last night, | invited him to dinner, My father didn’t letted me go out last night. The cat drunk all the milk. We had to buy some more.Past Continuous | was looking | wasn’t looking | ‘Was | looking? | you were looking you weren't looking Were you looking? } helshelit was looking | he/shelit wasn’t looking | Was he/shelit looking? welyouithey were looking welyoulthey weren't looking Were welyouithey looking? © For actions which were I was living in Belgium at thot time, in progress at a certain She was preparing lunch at [2 pm. time in the past 4 For actions in progress He was doing the washing-up when Sue telephoned. in the past which were They were driving on the motoway when they had an accident | interrupted by another | | action | ® For two or more actions While I was waiting for her at the restaurant, she was washing her hair. that were in progress at While fohn was visiting his grandma, | was shopping. the same time in the past [nese ae Let I ete Constructions with Past Continuous ‘An action in progress in the past Another action interrupted it Iwas doing my homework when the phone rang. She was cooking dinner when the lights went out. ‘Two actions in progress at the same time | was listening to music while iy sister was reading o book. We were watching TV while my parents were sleeping. a Scudy the table at the bottom of page 18 and use the prompts to write sentences, Bn 1 My father / read a newspaper / my mother / cook 5 1 / read my book / she / open the door My father was reading a newspaper w/ other was. cook! ‘Alot of people dance / Kate and | / eat snacks 2. My sister / do her homework /1/ phone her 3 He/ talk on the phone / she / read a magazine 7 The doctor / examine him / the earthquake happen 4 Pam / paint her room / her friend / arrive 8Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets in either the Past Simple or the Past Continuous. 1 (not hear) the alarm clock this morning because Is... (be) so tired. 2 : ssssseeess (NO realise) that something was wrong. BoD cssssseesesssseee (Study) in my room when the doorbell . 4 5 When | (see) Mary last night, I... (ring). My mother (read) a book while my father = (watch) TV. The robber "fore everybody to lie down and We . (enter) the bank, "(take all the money from the safe 6 (plan) to have a barbeque party when it suddenly... . (start) to rain, 7 The children . . (dance) at the party when the lights i + (go out) 8 HOW cecccseeesseeeeess (YOU break) your arm? 9 1. (sid) last weekend when | secccssae (fall) aNd .scsesssssossceeeen (break) my leg o 1 (not feel) very well this morning, $0 | ..s-+se+e-ssssseee» (@SK) my boss for permission to leave early. 1 Why : ssecrstesees (YOu / not tell) me the truth in the first place? 2 He... (sit) on the bank of the river when he ...s.-scesssussseee (See) a rare bird, Bot sescsssesee (rain) heavily when | ..-sccccsssseceen (Wake) up this morning, 14 Everyone in the library .. (read) quistly when suddenly the door sescee (Open), 5 t.. sensssees (G0) to Paul's house yesterday but | .. . (not find) him there, 16 While |. (wonder) whether to buy the suit oF not, @ MAN sssecscessesnsseeeee (COME) in and bought it V7 What escceereecnss (you / do) from 10 am to 2 pm yesterday” asked the detective, 18 My dog ..ssssersesssseeeeee (attack) the postman whilé he ... (try) to deliver a letter. 19 We .. (not sleep) all night because our next door neighbours ....ecesseeessssre (have) a noisy party which went on til early in the morning, 20 : (you / do) when the burglars. - (get) in?” (watch) TV and my child ss sntn . (study) in their room.’ 21 (you J work) when your boss .. (arrive) unexpectedly? 22 Why sree ssssssenes (YOU / not report) the burglary at once? St Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Simple or the Past Continuous. 1) (walk) along Regent Street when I (2) . - (realise) that. a man (3) sees (follow) me. I (4) sone (turn) right 7 he (5) sees . (follow). Whenever I (6) ~ (stop), Ointenties (60) t00. 1 (8) sesseessee (decide) to take the 717 be from the bus stop just behind me. Just as the bus (2) .. = (move) off, 1 (10) - (jump) on, The man (1) . cee (ass) the bus but he (12) (get) on another 717. He (13) s.- - (seem) rather angry. 1 (14) = ". (get) off at Leicester Square with lots of other people. He (15) : (not notice) me. getting off the bus. | immediately (18) (head) for the nearest police station to report him, Be Study the box and write two of your own sentences. “Las walking home when it started to rain. (action in progress + action interrupting) We were watching the film while Andrea was preparing dinner. __(owo actions In progress atthe same time)ae Past simple © Didn't liyou win? | Bide hefsheic wine | | { Didn't welyoulthey win? © To express surprise or admiration 8 To express annoyance | 1 Don't you like your haircut? Can't he come to cur party? g Use the words in brackets to write negative questions 1 Ltalked to Mum about it. (Dad) Didn't you talk to Dad about it? 2 Thelped jill with her homework. (John) 3 She gave her daughver ten pounds. (eon 4 | bought Penny a nice present. (Mary) 5 I warned Henry. (lames) 9 [ spoke Italian when | was younger. (German) 10 Dad bought a sandwich for you. (for Jane) ULL visited lors of museums in Vienna. (any galleries) 12. I played the piano when | was much younger. (violin) Note: The negative interrogative can also be used in other tenses. Past Continuous Wasn't | listening? Weren't you listening? Wasn't helshelit listening? Weren't wolyoutheytstening? Didn't you enjoy the party? Didn't they know how to get to the airport? Didn't she look beautiful? Why weren't you paying attention in class?ye the mistake and correct the sentence. 1 Wher | saw my friend yesterday, he was cry. ‘When I saw my friend yesterday, he was crying: 2. Ly to cut down on smoking lst year but it was impossible. 3. My parents never letied me go out at nighe when | was younger. 4 Two burglars broken into my house yesterday. 5 They were have a good time at the party when the police came 6 I spoked to Sarah about it and she seemed quite interested. : 7 The teacher was writing on the board while Ji fined 8 When did you saw him in the supermarket? Use the prompts to write sentences as in the example, 7 three years / go to the cinema Tes diree years since I last went to the cinema, 1 two days / see Tom 5. seven months / catch a cold 2 along time / eatin a Chinese restaurant 6 three years / leave the country 7 four hours / have something to eat 4 five months / go on holiday 8 ayear J ride a horse Study the example and rewrite the sentences from the previous exercise.s Use the prompts to write sentences as in the example, 1 eat spaghetti / a month The last time T ate spaghetti was a month ago. 2 go abroad / three years my grandparents / two months 3 vi 4° take an exam / a year 5 redecorate my room five years an kealian restaurant / a month : | Find the mistakes and correct them She didn't did the ironing yesterday because she was tired. She didn’t do the ironing yesterday because she was tired. 2. He wasn't at work yesterday when | call him. 3. The teacher catched a student cheating in the exam. with my friends last Sunday. 4 My father not letted me go out 5 Sarah were writing her composition when I saw her yesterday. 6 Our neighbour was always complained about the loud music. 7 Why did you brought me flowers? You are very kind 8 Jane walking home when I met her.Present Perfect Simple and Past Simple For a full explanation of the Present Perfect Simple, see Unit | (page 8). Here is @ reminder of how it is formed. Present Perfect Simple havefhas + past participle Ihave just finished my project. Past Simple infinitive + -ed | finished my project yesterday. He Present Perfect Simple Past Simple © For actions which started in the past and ® For actions which began and ended in the past haven't stopped I worked there until last year. Ihave worked here for two years. ‘9 For actions which occurred in the past and have an effect on the present He has worked in a laboratory, so he knows what it fke. 8 Often used with already, before, ever, just, lately, never, recenty, since, up to now, yet Thave never worked here before. He hasn't been to France since 1996. 5 For actions completed at a definite time in the past | saw John yesterday. Note: The Present Perfect Simple has a connection with the present. The Past Simple always relates to the past. +1 (know) Jane for a long time and we are good friends. 1 2° ‘Sorry, Mum. | seveeee (already eat). ! am not hungry’ 3 Since! seeeevsseecnsseeeess (168VE) SCHOOL esse eceeseeeeeenes (NOE SES) Jenny. ae (never eat) this kind of food before. 5 James .. sesseseeee (Rot start) Working yet. He is stil studying at university. 6 ANN cose (not go) to a concert since she (be) twenty. 7 ‘Vhear that Barry ss... ata .- (buy) a Ferrari. "105, he veeeseesosseseseeeceesvsssesecees (Duy) it ast week” Bt cessensses (you ever fly) a plane?’ "Yes Vs sesctssssses fly) a plane when | was in the airforce.” 9 Jonathan ssscssvssseeceseessssssereeness (O¥ersleep) this morning and secon (tniss) hhis maths examination, He ... ++ (not do) that before, 10 Last week, Jim ie (finish) painting one of the best paintings he een : . (ever paint) HI "No more thanks. | sesssvees (already eat) too much.” 12 Vesseessssesssseee (buy) a new car last year, but | ...csessessnsee (not sell) my old one yet. 13 Bill usually gets up at 6 am. Yesterday, he ...ccesssccssssssssesseeeesees (get) up at Ham, 14 It’s three years since [last ...sescesees se (visit) Susan. an eeeecess (not see) Carol for a long time. 16 Anna .. : : (go) to live in the country six months ago and (not be) back since thenE Study the example and rewrite the sentences. It’s three years since | last saw Susan. [Its three weeks since I last saw a film on TV. 7 1. 2._ {t's five hours since | had something to eat. 8. 3° It’s two years since he bought a car. 9 He . 4 It's two weeks since she last ate meat, 10 She 5 It's years since James last spoke English, " James .. 6 It's six months since Mary last visited a doctor. 12. Mary oo Study the example and rewrite the sentences, The last time I spoke to George was three weeks ago. z George for three weeks 1 The last time | saw James was two days ago. 2 The last time Sheila ate a pizza was three years ago, Sheila . It’s three months since Carol last earned any money. Carol It’s three weeks since my parents last went out, My parents .. We five years since we last went on holiday. isiaoiieentintinree le's three days since we last watched TV. We It’s ten years since they moved house. They It’s a month since I last wrote to my parents. 3. The last time my sister sang in a choir was six years ago My sister 4 The last time | bought something expensive was five weeks ago. I 5 The last time she had a party was six months ago. She .. 6 The last time he earned any money was three moths ago. He... 7 The last time { left my keys in the car was two years ago. 8 The last time I fed the cat was six hours ago. Heatiaate 9 The last time I flew a plane was three years ago. 10 The last time I had the flu was a year ago.ae Study the example and rewrite the sentences. ‘haven't ployed tennis since | was at univers. ayed tennis when I was at university. | We haven't travelled abroad since we went to the Caribbean, j We last ... ‘ 2. She hasn't seen her cousin since she went to visit her. She fast. : eerie : 3. They haven't swum in the Mediterranean since they were on holiday in Greece. They last... 4 The Prime Minister hasnt given a speech since he was elected The Prime Minister fast... 5) My son hasn't sent me a postcard since he was in Eaypt. My son last «os. 6 _Enly hasnt taken the bus to work since her car broke down last yea Emily last. a 7 Peter hasnt eun Ina marathon since he was twenty-eight years ol. Peter fast. : 8 ‘haven't driven my car since | took Dad to the airport Vast Ey Study the examples and rewrite the questions How long isi since you last met James? When did. you last meet James How long ago .. | When did you last see your grande How long is it . i 2. How long & it since you last visited your uncle? WIRED oe eeesseescee : 2 3 How long is it since your mother last cooked Italian food? When eons sessed 4. When did your father last give you pocket money! How long ago ... 2 5 When did you last take an exam? How long ag0 «ss. & How longi t since you last heard from her? When .. eee - 7) When cid you ltt earn any money? How long is it . ses 8 How long ist since your father lst played gol How long ago .. a 9 When did you last get a good mark? How tong is it .. 2 10. How long is it since Jane had a haircut? WhenUse the prompts to write sentences as in the example, _-He// snioke dgarette / the doctor tell him to stop He hasn’ the doc $107... 1 Mum / cook meal for us / she break her arm 2 1 speak to Paul / last year 3. She / travel by plane / she be a child 4 Susan / see her friends / she leave town 5 My father / smoke cigarette / he give up ten years ago 6 The prisoner J see his family / he go to a ten years ago 7 Paul send flowers to his wife / they get married 8 My parents / go on holiday / they buy thelr house Use the prompts to write sentences as in the example. i Lae a n ocident last year / not drive his car since then eh iven his ¢ She / break her arm last month / not cook since then He / have an argument with his boss last seyear/ be out of work since then He / have operation last month / be in pain since then Use either since or for to answer the questions as in the example, Can you drive a lorry? (two years) Yes, but I haven’, Can you type? (six years) Can you play the piano? (1 was a child) Can you ride a bicycle? (1998) Can you dance? (April) Can you fly a plane? (many years)i a E Choose the correct word or phrase. j 1 Marti Gigsn’t seeDY didn’t see his daughter since Christmas. : | have looked / looked for my‘cat for days but I never found her, ies three years since | have last gone / last went to a rock concert. My mother didn’t find / hosn't found her purse yet. Mrs Black has taught / taught French last year. She hasn't acted in a film for /since two years. She hasn't finished writing her novel recently / yet. Einstein developed / has developed the theory of relativity many years ago. a Find and correct the misrakes in the sentences | We haven't play football for a fong time. leis been three years since I ast went on hotiday. Nobody has ever spoke to me like that. How long ago did you took up this position in the company? We have finish tidying up our room, Mum, Can we go out now? We haven't heard from Tom since a long time. My mother has leaved her books at home again, 2 3 4 5 6 Thave lost my wallet last week. pea 7 8 9 When have you sent the letter? | haven’t received it yet, 0 Sheila has written a letter to me two months ago. IL know Betty for ten years. She is my best friend. 12. Maria has done her homework last night. poate a Use the words in the box to complete the sentences, | since for yf already recently just always: ago still ever 1 [haven't finished decorating the house .............28. 2 Ihave. bought 2 new car. In fact, | have only had it for two weeks. 3 I haven't seen John .. awhile, 4. She started to learn the piano three years . mean 5 She... hasn't finished cooking. The guests have already arrived. 6 Weill have to choose another film. I have ... ce .. seen this one, 7 Have you : Visited an old castle? 8 My mother has .... wanted to visit Hawaii 9 It's ages . Hast saw you. < 10 Ihave been having terrible headaches‘| Phrasal verbs: mixed following sentences. The first one has been done for you. f Use the phrasal verbs below in the correct form to replace the words and phrases in brackets in the ask after back out of back up burst in i care for care about cay on (2) carry out (2) You're old enough to know better, so stop garrying.On.......... (behaving) like a child 1 2. When | saw John this morning, he .. esses (enquired about) you. 3. Although some protesters started shouting, the politician ... (continued) speaking 4 Who's going to esses look after) Gran while I'm in the States? 5 You can't eas sesssssstusssses (Withdraw from) the agreement after you've signed the papers. 6 It’s the duty of every police officer to .. ci . (support) his or her colleagues. 7 Soldiers must : scsi: (Obey) ofders without question. 8 I was in the queue at the bank when two men . (entered suddenly) and told everyone to lie down. . (isn’t woFried about) money because he’s filthy rich. sass (performs) all her secretarial duties to perfection. 9 It’s easy for him to say he ... 10 Despite her inexperience, she .. Use the phrasal verbs below in the correct form to replace the words and phrases in brackets in the | following sentences. The first one has been done for you. ‘catch on (2) catch out catch up with check in (2) i check out (2) checkafp on clear up (2) clear off close down 1 Ihave to go to the factory to HP.OF....... (make sure that everything is all right with) the work being done there. 2. You only have to explain it once'for Alan to ...... sesso (understand). | 3 When you -..escsscesseeseeneen (present your tickets) at the airport you must have your passport | with you. Why don’t yOu jUst ..sscsssssceeeseeerenes Roller blading has 4 sss (go away) and leave me in peace. 5 6 If the weather ... 7 8 (become fashionable) recently. | (improves), we'll go out this afternoon, The hotel receptionist will give you the room key after you have Since he has missed so much schoo! he'll have to work hard to... same level as) the rest of the class. . (have a look at) the new amusement arcade, shall we? 9 Let's go and .. 10 They have ...sssccsssssesstsessseeseeeese (Stopped using) the old cinema because the new one has opened. 11 You'll get your passport back from reception when you seccsteescssseseeees (leave). 12. He said he didn’t have any money but he was .. (proved a liar) when he accepted our invitation to go to the casino. 13. You can't go out to play until you have «. .+ (tidied) the mess in your bedroom.Words easily confused G Use the wSrds on the left to complete the sentences on the right. Make sure the words are in the Jackets made of genuine leather. Put your There was no fire. It was a(n) a He lost his job when it was discovered that his diploma Was @ .-..cssssssssesens a runner is responsible for two starts, he or she is disqualified. Those flowers aren’t real. They're © Old Mr Williams has a(n) «.... leather are much cheaper than those made of teeth in so | can understand what you're saying, seseeeeeeees AAEM. 2 succeed SHE veesesseesesessees SueeOSS Very early in her career. manage b We... to complete the project in one week achieve. ¢ Robert never su. the promise he showed as a young pianist. fun He'd vsssssssesesssssse Most of his ambitions by middle age, able, Willian ...ccccsseccsesessees in discovering the truth. copable f Will you be sess to take a day off work? g Pmaquite ssn. of doing ie myself. 3 The offer of a job abroad was a golden .. s+ for me to make a | fresh start. The scarf Was a secsssssssseesseee at £10. What are the .. of you getting a promotion? Te was an) .esssssssseeessesss OM Which you could speak to your boss on equal terms. We've got a problem to solve so let's look at the «shall we? 4 | think we can his team in the final She... ++. some money on the horses. ‘The chairman is said to about £25,000 a month. Who .. sscexs the match? Sally's mother says she's not losing a daughter but... 5 Well be late if we the carly train. +. your book at home again? to lock the door. BVO sesseseesseesesseeees Mine. I's in my other pencil case. them. Haye YOU sescceseee I think | ....... Could | borrow a per \ can’t find my sunglasses anywhere. | suppose I must have ..b How-ean he _ losing the ring when he had it ast. Would visitors please:..... from smoking. fae +o help people who won't help themselves. “ All:iny job applications have been ‘Although the cakes looked delicious, | ss the temptation to eat one, manner ees sues to the cathedral? , welll get there by midday. . in Sherwood Forest. Do you know the . If we go by the shortest {enjoy walking along the .. She has such a charming . 1 suppose that’s one « Nobody knows the .... of the word. Il check to see if we have the CD in A journ: The country's oil .. Explorers couldn't find the . should never reveal his, were cut off during the war. sesso Of the rivers ‘The dog must havé escaped through a(n) . in the fence. If you're tired, we can have a(n) .. ‘The film was so bad that we left during the ...... sss in the cassette which give you time to practise There are ... your pronunciation. Harold denied that | had We're .. iva villa for the whole summer. I were you, | wouldn’e him the money. money from anyone. A surprisingly large number of people . private detectives. You can choose from a Wide .......+:esiesees Of books at this shop. e's quality not... . that is important. He has a large .. of foreign stamps in his collection. . but we differ on a few points. cof money in a Swiss bank account, [agree with you to some . They have a large ... 4Be Make and do | an attempt a mess | (an) orrangement(s) ‘a mistake | certair/sure ‘money i | acomplaint noise | a decision 1 profit | a difference progress | an effort Lup one’s mind | an excuse one’s way to | friends (with) somebody fee! better/younger | fun of | | a journey | The tables below provide lists of common expressions with make and do. on the following sentences by using make or do in the correct tense and form. In general, make is concerned with creating and do is concerned with performing actions. ‘one’s best business (with) damoge one’s duty can/some exercise(s) homework favour 00d harm work wrong a lot of damage to houses last night. . 8 complaint to the hotel manager? . friends with the children next 1 They .. pedal .. business with a Japanese company at the moment. 2 HY OU sssseeeseets your best from now én, you ‘good progress. 3) Thanks for .. me that favour. 4° That's the third mistake you . today! 5 The high winds 6 Why don’t you 7 2 YOU -. 8 a .» all the arrangements for the party. 9 He couldn't ..... oi up his mind about the job offer. 10 Don't a mess while you homework. ceevnee YOUF arGE Prefixes The table below shows the most commonly used prefixes together with their meanings. reason (im)maturity health (inaccuracy logic continent stop G@is)comfort oppositafnot opposite/not ‘opposite/aat opposite/not oppasite/not between wrongly not 100 much again opposite/not reverse action too litle spectacle importance necessity sciencelscientist luxury emotion(s) (uncomfortable dislike, disappear illegal, legible impossible, immodest incorrea, insensitive irrelevant, irresponsible intérnational, intercity mistake, misunderstand nonalcoholic, non-smoker overdo, overweight replay, reuse unfair, unkind untie, unload undercook, underwefght (dis)loyal silent (un)erue (uncertain (in)eficient crue! (dis)honest ‘8a Use the word in capitals at the end of each sentence to form a word that fits in the space in the sentence, § {These new light bulbs are much more ...@¢9m0Mic8... than the old ones, ECONOMY : 2. With the of Janet, we all enjoyed the concert. EXCEPT 2 3. The minister's vas quite unexpected. ARRIVE i 4 Despite the poor visibility, the pilot made a perfect LAND ¥ Sw we won't be able to go on holiday this summer. FORTUNE t 6 Whata .. performance that was, MARVEL TTak€ this wnwsmnennnnann Scarf with yOu In ease it gets cold. woo. : 8 Since the wall is not strong enough it will have to be BUILD 9 Ie was a wonderful holiday — simply nen FORGET 1D He won't tolerate any kind of are INTERFERE Preposition practice a Use the prepositions below only where necessary to complete the sentences which follow. it on in of to at with for +. behalf of the senior partners, I would like to congratulate you the way you | handled the case. L 2 Her pronunciation, . particular, has improved but I am still disappointed .....sesseee het attondarice record 3. Bernard never gets tired .. listening seve Classical music. 4 ..u. theory, the more advanced our technology becomes, the more likely we are to contact alien life forms. 5 There has been an increase sosseseess the number of students leaving .. ---. Schoo! .. the age of eighteen. 6 How can we prevent the Cat 2... jumping off the balcony? She's .s.sesssseeee tars all the time because you are so crue! .. her. One of these days she'll RACK sesseeceesssee YOU & We must find a solution ..... this problem .......cc.0- all costs Harold insisted staying bed despite .....csssser- the fact that he only had a slight cold 10 You're not going to blame me .. 2 YOUR Being ...soeeceesses debt