VELAGAPUD! RAMAKRISHNA SIDDHARTHA ENGINEERING COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) 3 KANURU, VIJAYAWADA - 520 007 Phvone 3 Roe es02799 (Sponsors : Siddhartha Academy of General & Technical Education) peraeso Est, 1977 ‘Afiiated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada aan: ‘Approved by AICTE, Accredited by NAAC with ‘A’ grade Fax : 2582672 ‘An ISO 9001 : 2008 Certified institution nals Roce u eee: Pinna Website : wane. vrsiddhartha.acin 27.02.2018 REPORT ON CLARRIFICATION ON THE CALCULATION OF BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL - CONSTRUCTION OF 5 MLD SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT AT BHIMAVARAM UNDER AMRUT II - WEST GODAVARI DISTRICT — A P M/S Eco Protection Engineers Pvt Ltd, Chennai requested the Civil Engineering Department of V.R-Siddhartha Engineering College to study the soil investigation report and clarify certain points regarding safe bearing capacity of soit and depth of foundation proposed in connection with construction of 15 MLD Sewage ‘Treatment plant structures _at Bhimavaram, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh Earlier, based on the results obtained from field and laboratory tests on soil samples collected from the bore holes { refer Report from Annoor Tests Labs and Engg Services Pvt Lsd, Vijayawada, Single bulb under-reamed pile foundation of 18 m length is proposed. M/S Annoor Tests Labs and Engg Services Pvt Ltd, Vijayawada, provided the boring and soil investigation by drilling one bore hole upto a depth of 24 metres in two locations. ‘The follawing soil profiles us provided by M/S Annoor Tests Labs and Engg Services Pvt Ltd, Vijayawada is considered for analysis. Bore Hole Number: 1 GWL=240m Depth Below Soil Type and Classification Recorded SPT "N* Ground Level Value 0,00 - 2.00 m Blackish brown plastic silty clay [CH] _ 3 2.00=4.00 m Blackish brown plastie silty clay [CH] 2 4,008.00 m Blackish brown plastic silty clay [CH] 1 8.00 10.0m Blackish brown plastic silty clay [CH] _ 3 10.0 — 14,00m Blackish brown plastic silty clay [CH] 2 14.00 16.00 Blackish brown plastic silty clay (CH] 8 [16.00 18.00 Yellowish brown sand [SP] 2018,00 - 22.00 | Yellowish brown plastic silty clay (MH-CH], stiff 2 22,00 24.00_| Yellowish brown plastic silty clay [MH-CHj, stiff 30 24.00 25.00 _| Yellowish brown plastic silty clay [MH-CH}., stiff 3B Bore Hole Number: 2 GWL=230m Depth Below Soil Type and Classification Recorded SPT “N* Ground Level Value 0.00 - 3.40 m Blackish brown plastic silty clay (CH] 4 2.00 — 12.00 m Blackish brown plastic silty clay [CH] 2 12.00—14.00m Blackish brown plastic silty clay [CH] 12 14,00— 16.00 _| Yellowish brown plastic silty clay [MHi-CHY, sagt | 19 16.00 — 18,00 _| Yellowish brown plastic silty clay [MH-CH), stiff 26 18.00 ~20.00_| Yellowish brown plastic silty clay [MH-CH], stiff 34 20.00 = 22.00 | Yellowish brown plastic silty clay [MH-CH], stiff 39 [22.00=24.00 | Yellowish brown plastic silty clay [MH-CH], stiff ad SELECTION OF FOUNDATION AND BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL Since the proposed structures are STP and the soil is soft sislty clay upto 16.0 m bie. {ollowed by sand/ stiff silty clay, Open foundation is not st Deep foundation in the form of Bored pile foundation is ideal. B The allowable bearing capacity of soil is calculated as per IS 6403 specification considering the shear failure and settlement failure criterien. An allowable bearing capacity of 30 KN/m? [3.0 t/m’] is recommended at a foundation depth of 1,00 ~ 1.50 m below the existing ground ievel for the isolated footing and raft In case of pile foundation, the load carrying capacity of the pile can be calculated using the static formula given by IS:2911-2010 considering both friction and bearing resistance. The allowable load is normally obtained by using an overall factor of safety of 2.5. The load carrying of pile can also be obtained from the SPT, N values. The length and size & its load carrying capacity can be obtained from the soil properties given in Table 1 The ultimate load cairying capacity of single pile can be obtained from Static Formula as given in IS 2911(Part 1/See3) ~ 2010for bored piles considering Skin Friction and bearing resistance.For Piles in Cohesive Soil. [ Clay | Q Macaring + Qstin Qu=Ap.Ne.Cp +a .C.As Ap = Cross sectional area of the pile toe Ne = Bearing capacity factor usually taken as 9 for deep foundation Cp= Average cobesion at pile tip a =reduction factor [ usually 0.3 to 1 depends on the strength of clay ] C = Average cohesion through out the length of pile a) For Piles in Cohesionless Granular Soil { Sand | Qu = Qbearing + Qstun Friction Qu= Ap [ Pd. Nq + yxDx0.5x.6xNy] + YK. Padi. tan 3 Asi Ap = Cross sectional area of the pile toe Pd = effective overburden pressure at pile toe — limited to 10 to 20D Nq = bearing capacity factor depends upon the angle of internal friction, K_ = coefficient of earth pressure ~ for bored piles it will be between 1 and 2 ffective overburden pressure for the layer concerned — limited to 10 to 20 D 6 angle of wall friction between the soil and pile ~ usually taken as 6 Asi = surface area of pile stem for the layer concerned D = diameter of the pile The skin friction resistance upto 1.0 metres depth is neglected due to pil cap 450mm, 500mm, 600mm and 750mm diameter pile of lengths 17 ~ 24 m level is considered 1. Fora pile of 450 mm diameter and 17 m level in sand, the ultimate load will be Qu = 24.855 + 18.84 Qs = Qu/FS = 20 tonnes 2. For a pile of 450 mm diameter and 22 m level in clay, the ultimate load will be Qu = 49.217 + 21.459 Qs = Qu/FS = 33 tonnes ‘The safe load for the piles is as follows. Cut off level = 1.00 mSize of the pile Depth below the cap | Safe Toad carrying capacity ie 1.00 metres - 480 mm Bored pile foundation 17 min sand 20 tonnes 18 min clay 22 tonnes 20 min clay 26 tonnes 22 min day 33 tonnes 24m in clay 42 tonnes 500 mm Bored pile foundation 17 min sand 24 tonnes 18minclay | 25 tonnes 20 min clay 30 tonnes 22min clay 38 tonnes [ 24minclay | Htonnes ‘600 mum Bored pile foundation 17 min sand 30 tonnes " 18minelay | St tonnes [ 20minclay | 38 tonnes [2mincay | 48 tonnes 24min clay 60 tonnes 750 mm Bored pile foundation 17min sand 41 tonnes | 18 m in clay #B tonnes 20minelay | 50 tonnes 22 m in clay 65 tonnes 24 min lay 75 tonnes The above load carrying of piles are based on soil properties and obtained using the static equation as given in IS: 2911 specifications. A center to center spacing of 2.75 to 3.0 times the diameter of pile is proposed for pile groups Bore Hole Né Structures The allowable bearing capacity of soil is calculated as per IS 6403 specification considering the shear failure and settlement failure criterion. An allowable bearing capacity of 40 kN/m? [4.0 /m’] is recommended at a foundation depth of 1.00 — 1.50 m below the existing ground level for the isolated footing and raft‘The skin friction resistance upto 1.0 metres depth is neglected due to pile cap 450mm, 500mm, 600mm and 750mm diameter pile of lengths 17 - 23 m level is considered 1. For a pile of 450 mm diameter and 17 m level in clay, the ultimate load will be Qu = 35.89 + 18.598 = 54.488 Qs = Qu/FS = 54.488/2,5 = 21.795 tonnes say 22 tonnes ‘The safe load for the piles is as follows. Cut off level = 1.00 m Size of the pile Depth below the cap | Safe foad carrying capacity L ie 1.00 metres a 450 mm Bored pile foundation |___17 min clay 22 tonnes 18m in clay 26 tonnes 20 m in clay 33 tonnes 22 m in clay 42 tonnes 23m in clay 46 tonnes 300 mm Bored pile foundation 17m in clay 25 tonnes 18 m in clay 30 tonnes 38 tonnes 51 tom 55 tonnes 600 mm Bored pile foundation tonnes 39 tonnes 20 m in clay 50 tonnes 22 min clay 67 tonnes | 23 m in clay 72 tonnes 730 mm Bored pile foundation 17 m in hy 45 tonnes 18 m in clay 55 fonnes J 20 min clay 68 tonnes 22min clay | 23 min clay 8tonnes | A center to center spacing of 2.75 to 3.0 times the diameter of pile is proposed for pile groups Dr NR Krishnamurthy a 2 Professor Professor & Head — Dean / Principal Professor & Head Dept. of Civil Engineering cin & 4 was Es AUTONOMOUS) LIAYAWADA"520 007+