CATER E PIPL FS AHL ACADEMY OF ETHIOPIAN LANGUAGES PALIT EHPAK, PUN LAT (APNE — ACT ) SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DICTIONARY (ENGLISH - AMHARIC) svani 1989 December, 1996 AA AND Addis Ababa11989 4.9% Ahan: Printed :- 1996. Corn Hack PNA Ont 17 Pree Os Copyright Reserved. PARIS EHP ONIN SAT (ATIVE — NICE] PAPERS RIPE KET ACKEAEN OLE LEE FaAE 1989 AAA ANN Science and Technology Dictionary (English - Amharic), Academy of Ethiopian Languages, Artistic Printing Press, 1996, Addis Ababa. AN2ZF (PREPARATION) 1°79 WA /PALT Ms/ Girma Zenebe (Team Leader) haetu: tCe /KNA/ =~ Alemayehu Gurmu (Member) Fudan nano / ../ Tahsas Kebebew (Member) agar mie /../ Bayleyegn Tasew (Member-Joined in the compilation process) SAR O28 /../ Kaleab Werede (Member - Joined in the proof reading process) PLAT DFT LTCTP PSF NEAL PALAAERS RIRPH AZO Department of Terminology and Translation, Academy of Ethiopian LanguagesI PAIT £UIT TEENt PAT ALTO AhhtmsTeolt LCF Leh OTH ACA APONGET OFF IMSE ALINE ENTOH AAT PLS DEP [FEAL PAPERS LISP AHL HEEFT PAIS PECOA 8 ATAUT ALTERS A275 bye ieR ber hs! AKAD AND ELTCALE | New PATE ARCY PECK APANG Uete PRNSELO PIT BLA FOr x ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The Academy of Ethiopian Languages expresses its profound gratitude to the United Nations Financial System for Science and Technology for Development (UNFSSTD) for sponsoring this project until the completion of the translation of terms. Our thanks also goes to the Ethiopian Science and Technology Commission, Addis Ababa University, and to all scholars who have actively participated in the project. Dp Lg TOP NOLTR CLL WD MALT ENTHK d0-47- AAMATLILT AAHATICHA O20 amb NILLLAIO hOces ANAM OF PLL AUT ALEAP t DATETE OLIV ARIF VIC DAT AIPM CATHAL EhTeE, we? 20 Mt POP NLT bO-e% CPN Td SLA OEMCT EENESAH , RIK ATERE MILT AR Ste VICE PALS ANTieR MSP TOT NEFA SETH AMLIG CO MAP tS AeoUH! NRIZ WACT ATPEO AETV ADISE CAA AorAMT Neweedt AL FFaru QIGEY BU YATE PANE OTIDSE FRE CAAPRE BIRPF ANS°2, 10 PRAPKE RIPE AN AAG ODI DT SCET (Bebo TF boll deft EK.) AT MATES FIT PILIAT ENTER, LAT OHA NPLLAG APH wet MENT BhHTiR sh ADE NOOTMATE (OLLI PAOICT FATT AePALP 1973 4.7 EPC AIS TCENF CIF AOC 2° ANGOLA 2 TCEWE AA ALU? TFAD CATEKE LORPH AML, MALE fore CRE OAT P°LTS CHAD AND PLACIE PUT? AMIN NODS bs NTCENk PC PLONE IAS TOIT NPIL YO-s PTCERE POF! LICK GLE FMC NEMA SATE ASIF LID PEMET PRT ALINE -thtieH SATs MIAN We » Diy oewe+9" hia 301 $7 1973 hdh cenhes* 27 7: 1974 4.9° DAG 2 APPACT HIAMeT fou HIF RAH 12¥ HEA he LOE E ORAETT hile Cent PINE MET eNO Ce Atk LNA Cte FAt HATRORET hoe ANOLP TE ROP CWMECHAD SAP CAT TMS LOLA LAFo- onpt tilnnrasWV ANS OS PUTO PTO RIE UATE PIER ATONAET PAPE ort PAF CRIT AF CAMA hut LVF HALT ANF IE Pe APTHIO? here ODE TIF (MLTF) PEC RALAAAD APTATA TI ARTE ONY AAT MACS AAS UAT UAT POST CHF Ped NIBLNTE PLC OPPE, On NULUP:- 1. MICS 8. anes (PLANT 2. 03% 9. 2a-rent 3. AACR, 10. 21h 4. netate 11.03-badha 5. Rhtek, 12. An Tethehh 6.1K 13.47 THs 7. TET Ar MY POSE FTL AMPA 115087 CLINT BHTA APNE SAF CHIT AF PATAFEAS FALL P ES CHAICT SAT AMPLE NAO PPF KATE CLAMAT FIL APEMC PEER TCH ute ERCHAS OTALI? PP OEY) EPATE com AML NM AchACE tHIEtO- MeP+PA « hth?aae- LECH HAVE ALAS O- ZOE eS Fo-y Anteta- PORMALCIPAD 1baeTeF NEPUCT LF NLAay ATR APR Ree! 2UNAT Tbh hh Cw rE TRUCHET taPerw PRICE ALL CPAMFaR eT FAT Nbemcar HLAT PhAH ANN heey vate L2c% truer OFF epyed 302FoO tino MPS HEP 0-2 ChAT PICT SAF ATED ATCA CTCASLIC AAT Tit Wt [V» AA Con PSAF TCH Cee TTA ON ET v PUDETO AM ANF OFF FLAPA # MILT CI MPL RODE EET AANA FEA : PTCENE ONLG Cah POE PTET PA AIS horenet KADER PEARCE CATE SAP TNELTT ALSAPHIP AMAR NLIE COACH PNT AL warce ehmt CH QVAC OC 1975 4.97 NTHELO- hark TTF DAEs avarge ALTE i AED NTS Pc Ag eth Tet tkhooa POEOY ANTOIPAD MALY 7HeF 16121 PAPC NSLP FE Ag TNGEE WHAM PAICT ALLPET AMEE OD (LLE 186 CAH PONE Whisk. OSA ALU? INO PF 3 PEALE RRET Pore ATIN FCNPAZ PRICE APLPET ATATIR PIC UL TLE MERAS HILL NAAY AHLALO- SLI AA 113 CALE PHATE SAT PCO FI PAE? ITPIS KIS OF PALIT EnTe® wu +At AAT AVENE APL SEAS ULE NL CHT PAE PISSEET PTPYS. CoP PMC OATERE RILPF ANZA POAT ALT RECEP TSE NEA THED-T AW LU ATL OT ONIN SAF AVTAOT NLA ORAS OAT VEC Lh bheeh HOP F ute LY TERNE OOM) Nd Wt HIE PADD TENE NIPAPH NAC ATLA ART HAL ALTE? PLM’? 1710 WNCe LY UM PAP NIRML OL! OF Pre OLLE MAM ATIA PLEA LUIS PEPE CUTE ET Puc) Pee Om t AAU AeeAD PUTED PPA OFAS LIP AOMEES AEPVCT AL ACLTR tte PALIT ENCE RM AAVED NTMDANT CIT PLEO” MEA NEFF ALU BD-G Azvl FOREWORD The knowledge and practice of science and technology has become the driving force in the development of the world. It has now become essential that information of science and technology be communicated to the peopie at all levels. There is a growing awareness among states and governments that developing media that could make an easy flow of information should be a priority on their agenda. From a pedagogical point-of-view, language is the principal area where one should rest his focus upon. For many decades now social scientists and educationalists have agreed that one’s own language is the best and effective medium for acquiring knowledge and conceptualizing ideas. In this regard, the major responsibility lies on the shoulder of developing nations which, as it stands, have to learn science and technology from the developed ones. Countries which would choose to import science and technology should see to it that their languages be first developed in order to receive new concepts. Words are the basic units of a language which carry concepts. It then follows that developing a language would mean developing its vocabulary. In this respect, terminology, the field of study dealing with terms, becomes indispensable. “ The Department of Terminology and Translation, Academy of Ethiopian Languages, is working towards the promotion of Ethiopian languages and is presently engaged in developing technical terms in Amharic, the working language of Ethiopia. VIL The translation work was launched in November 1981. Special care was taken in the selection of panelists and the Academy was able to bring together known linguists, subject specialists and professionals mainly from Addis Ababa University. This phase of the project took some six years and came to its conclusion with the International Seminar on Terminology (June 16-18, 1986). While the translation work was in progress, effort has been made to circulate the translated terms among the intellectual community. A series of booklets, Preliminary Lists I-IV, were sent té individuals, institutions and schools for comments. Feedbacks were used to upgrade the quality of the translation. In the following three years the Project continued with the remaining tasks such as the preparation of” sample reading materials and concept illustrations. Thanks to the donor organization and other involved institutions, the Academy was able to publish the translated terms in the thirteen subject fields and sample reading materials into thirteen and three booklets respectively. These booklets have already been disseminated to a wider audience and won good reception. Encouraged by what has so for been achieved the Academy decided to compile the thirteen booklets into a single dictionary. The publication of this English-Amharic Science and Technology Dictionary is the result of this commitment. It is hoped to be an important step towards developing the size of Amharic vocabulary and its capacity in communicating scientific and technological knowledge. It goes without saying, however, that this is only a beginning which need to be continually edited and updated.vill Cognizant of the limited resources available to Amharic, in particular in the realm of scientific vocabularies and expression, a Science and Technology Terms Translation Project (STTTP) has been launched in 1981 in direct collaboration with the Addis Ababa University and the Ethiopian Science and Technology Commission which acted as the executing agency of the project. Thus, 15,087 English terms in the fields of science and technology are given Amharic equivalents. The project was originally aimed at developing technical terms for junior and secondary levels of education in order to help the preparation of textbooks in Amharic. It was believed that students, themselves being the primary beneficiaries, could play an important role in communicating scientific and technical concepts into the public. Hence, educational textbooks of these levels have been used as the primary source for selecting the terms. And in some cases working places like garages, industries, construction sites, etc. have been consulted. High school teachers and college students have participated in the compilation which lasted from July 7- October 7, 1981. The project was organized in thirteen panels that commensurate thirteen disciplines in the area. These are: 1) Agriculture 8) Mathematics 2) Botany 9) Medicine 3) Building Construction 10) Nutrition 4) Chemistry 11) Physics 5) Electro-Mechanics 12) Statistics 6) Geography 13) Zoology 7) Geology x FOr PUN PAE THILO CR PAUTOD FO OT FA LL 1-8 LY CUNT PHILP OAT Ate HAAN OTVANE CHIC 2Add AMAT CTHAT HOE OVS ooh NAFOUIT 1] LU PALMS BNTIR MN 47 15087 ory FAt Atets PART ort PART PRICE AFPFFO- Noy Sih AT PALE PIP HEE AAA ALLEMED NFCENE TIA ATALENT CANT ATF4 LUI Ow WH ACP NIB. IS ALTE CNTY YT FA brase Titet NMC AIS Keb PNICT AF AFL ATEO Os ALT.OY PTAAY AKCIT ANTS CAVA 2A OtALR Tet Phhaeh? PATCH PAT OILS OFF SAAC OMCHC BFA ICs USP ATASE PNISEF OETIN fect PATICT FAY NPEAFO- ObAr rl DA NC NIAPCO FECAAD DALY for ohh PAIEE WLLATE fO~L HCE ODT CTI? PANT SA AMAh FAAS Phe CALVING OF HCET NSIATA COYT FA PTA Aw RUACT SA Franca» APAL: length, Em ko} (MATE heh TA PrAte) length, Ma = ACH99F (ACTIN) NMETPENA TIA PALM, length, Py Cie? (NLD TA PeNeer) solution, Ma © (A°TETERA THA PtAPS) solution, Ch = mart (AWLODS TIA Phare) ATSIL CHICT SAT OLIN LH NTTNES NAAT PAA Ay ALAN LEAS LUFT ALTE EA ALTS LFA d1AO ATID SAP AF NLONe 22% AGT AL OO PARE TECINGPASAg- x fore wonhE heAht Avert SAT! cs ee a unt hwte-ht? nent. dARTEC “hzhh Reed Ratek arkerknn wares PUPA anh asxththa — “NR, xi NOTE The dictionary is prepared in English entry considering that this would he more convinient to introduce the new coined Amharic terms. There are 15,087 entries included in this dictionary. The English terms and their Amharic equivalents are given as they are treated in their respective panels. Hence, at times, similar English terms from different panels may or may not have similar Amharic equivalents. The different Amharic equivalents of the same English term could have come under a single entry. For various reasons, however, it is agreed to present every Amharic term under a separate entry. Therefore, users are advised to refer to the Amharic term in the discipline of their particular choice. The discipline in which a term 1s found is indicated by the abbreviation. given following every entry. For example: length, Em(in electro-mechanics) length, Ma (in mathematics) length, Py (in physics) Solution, Ma —_(in mathematics) Solution, Ch (in Chemistry )Abbreviations of field of studies: Ag Agriculture Bt-Botany Be-Building Construction Ch-Chemistry Em-Electro-Mechanics Gg-Geography Gl-Geology Ma-Mathematics Me-Medicine. © ” Nu-Nutrition Py-Physics St- Statistics Zo-Zoology XIE TiteFS CD ANAT UCUC Panels and Panelists The actual translation work was carried out by 13 panels each of which consist a linguist and two subject specialists. The activities of all panels were coordinated by a chief language expert and two scientists. The panel formation has been as follows; 1. Botany: Ato Fikredingel Beyene, Linguist, Chairman Dr. Amha Belay, Biologist, Member Ato Zemede Asfaw, Biologist, Member 2. Zoology: Ato Tesfaye Shewaye, Linguist, Chairman Dr. Tewolde berhan G.Egziabher, Biologist, Member (until the end of phase II of the project) Ato Kifle Dagne, Biologist, Member Ato Afework Bekele, Biologist, Member (replaced Dr. Tewolde in phase HI of the project) 3. Chemistry:Ato Yilma Kebede, Linguist, Chairman Professor Tewodrés Solomon, Chemist, Member Dr. Berhanu Abegaz, Chemist, Member Dr. Fikru Tafesse, Chemist, Member (Phase Tand part of Phase II)XIV 4. Geology:Dr. Melaku Asfaw, Linguist, Chairman Dr. Getaneh Assefa, Geologist, Member (until the end of phase II of the project) Ato Gezahegn Yirgu, Geologist, Member (until the end of phase I¥ of the project) Ato Tilahun Mammo, Geologist, Member (until the end of phase IT of the project) Dr. Bekele Megersa, Geologist, Member (replaced Dr. Getaneh in phase Ill) 5. Mathematics:Ato Assefa Gebremariam Tessema, Linguist, Chairman Professor Alemayehu Haile, Mathematician, Member Professor Bisrat Dilnessahu, Mathematician, Member 6. Physics:Dr. Tadesse Beyene, Linguist, Chairman Dr. Laikemariam Asfaw, Physicist, Member Ato Bantikassegn Workalemahu, Physicist, Member (joined the pane! in phase III of the project) 7. Statistics:Dr. Hailu Araya, Linguist, Chairman (antl he ond of phase II of the project) Ato Lulseged Erkihun, Linguist, chairman (replaced Dr. Hailu in phase IIT of the project) Professor Ayenew Ejigou. Statistician, Member (until the end of phase II of the project) Dr. Alemayehu Melaku, Statistician, Member (replaced Dr. Ayenew in phase Il of the project) Professor Asmerom Kidane, Statistician, Member (joined the panel in Phase IIT of the project) XV 8 Geography:Late Ato Degnachew Worku, Linguist, Chairman (until the end of Phase Il of the project) Ato Fisseha Sisay, Linguist, Chairman (replaced Ato Dagnachew in Phase III of the project) Ato Daniel Gemetchu, Geographer, Member Dr. Bekure W/Semait, Geographer, Member (until the end of phase II of the project) - Dr. Mekete Belachew, Geographer, Member (replaced Dr. Bekure in phase LT of the project) 9. Electro-Mechanical:Ato Debebe Seifu, Linguist, Chairman for Electrical Subpanel until end of phase IT ' Ato Takele Tadesse, Linguist, Chairman, for Mechanical subpanel until end of phase I and Chairman of the whole panel in phase HT Ato Getachew Bizuneh, Mechanical Engineer, Member Dr. Hailu Ayele, Electrical Engineer, Member 10. Building-Construction:Ato Seifu: Metaferia, Linguist, Chairman Dr. Zewdie Berhane, Civil Engineer, Member Dr. Tariku Belay, Architect, Member 11. Medicine: Late Dr. Tito Lepisu, Linguist, Chairman (until about end of phase If) Ato Fikredingel Beyene, Linguist, Chairman (in phase ITI of the project) Dr. Solomon Haregewoin, Medical Doctor, Member Dr. Seifu Daniel, Medical Doctor, MemberXVI 12, Nutrition:Ato Fisseha Sissay, Linguist, Chairman Ato Girma Seyoum, Member (until end of phase II) Ato Yacob T/Birhan, Member (until end of phase II) Ato Kifle Dagne, Bilogist, Member (joined the panel in Phase III) 13. Agriculture:Late Ato Seyoum Sebhat, Linguist, Chairman (until about end of Phase II) Ato Mekonnen Teferra, Agriculture Expert, Member (Until end of Phase IT) Ato Ayalew Kassaye, Agriculture Expert, Member (until end of Phase II) Ato Muluneh Mengistu, Linguist, Chairman (in Phase Il of the project) Ato Eshetu Aveda, Agriculture Expert, Member (in Phase II of the project) Ato Goshu Mekonnen, Agriculture Expert, Member (Phase Land part of Phase II) 14, Coordinators:Dr. Amsalu Aklilu, Linguist, Chief Language Expen of the project (until end of Phase I) Dr. Ermias Dagne, Chemist, Technical Coordinator Dr. Demissu Gemeda, Mathematician, Technical Coordinator 15. Project Directors:Dr. Amsalu Aklilu, Secretary General of the Academy (until end of Phase D Ato Assefa Gebremariam, Secretary General of the Academy (replaced Dr. Amsalu starting Phase 11) XVI 16. Project Assistants:Ato Girma Zenebe (Senior Language expert at the Academy Since 1981) Ato Meseret Tesfaye (expert at the Academy from 1983 until the end of Phase II) Ato Alemu Haile (expert at the Academy from 1983 until the end of Phase III) ‘Ato Solomon Ashagre (expert at the Academy;. joined in Phase Il and stayed until the end of Phase IIT) Ato Alemayehu Gurmu (expert at the Academy since 1985)PALIT BHTAR, 21 SAP (APNE — ACCT ) SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DICTIONARY (ENGLISH - AMHARIC)abaxial abaxial, Bt Pak FCO abdomen, Me ve abdomen, Zo Ad ( Mh!) abdominal,Me vu th abdominal cavity,Zo = FS UAe abduction, Me 2? abductor muscle, Zo AC 1 3F aberrant,Me = htt aberration, Py ir abiotic factor, Bt AvLOr-2 LHL ablation, Gg @-71R% (APAM Nee heer) ablation, Gl tAmt 022% HFT ablation, Py ) absorption, Py 9°? absorption (soil), Ag absorption spec- trum, Ch Pare athter absorption spec- trum, Py = ¢*mt irchtcsr absorptivity, Py epy> abstract (n), ‘Ma ¢¢> abstract (v), Ma “Ic#? abstract algebra,Ma 2#? AAR AG abstract geometry,Ma ct? ott abstracting, Ma ACce> abstraction,Gl Ace» abstraction,Ma Ac?+#it abundant species, Bt -TOSCS FF WCF abutment, Be 142-10 97-0 Acar ( A2.c) abyssal plain,Gg = APF ( omPA+) abyssal plane,Gl weeT4t MAA abyssal rock,Gl TAY ORETAT LIe acacia, Bt N216-0 accelerate, Py “Fmt ( “ITZs) accelerating elec- trode,Em = & 11? arte hATCE acceleration, Py IPM” ( Tk.) accelerator,Be | £07405 2 accurulator accelerator, Py Aan ( APAL) accelerometer, Py AbiLacettc (49m *trc) acceptable quatity level, St PNA Pret MAA acceptance region,St fA hAA acceptance sampling, St >0A 3P¢ acceptance sampling Plan,St = #NAIPT APL acceptor (atom),Em 4% ( A+") acceptor, Py +g. access,Em +4cA accessory, Ch tPA accessory mineral, G) 30-0 “2ie-A (AT4% 4.7%) acclimatization, Bt ac accomodation, Py = hdt792 accomodation, Zo = Aq accomodation of theeye,Py fALT AAT accordion, Be }P*-C1 accounting, St Za Area accretion,Gi ot en e8&7% accretion + theory,Gl Ben ok1> Pe accumulation (cluster;limit) point ,Ma ney red ( R24 redh accumulator,Ch ohn¥ accumulator,Em Amée-+*2, (THO) accumulator, Py Aho? (-mh-1F ) AborAtTC accuracy 3 active component accuracy, Ch = AhYr accuracy, St. = Any accurate,Ch An acetabulum, Me 4A. oT acetabulum, Za W+¢- haem acetolysis, Ch = AA AE UR? acetone, Me AAtt acetylation, Ch | AEA acetylene,Ch = AdEA.D achene, Ag HTK. (HEP) Achilles tendon, Me Ahad £7 Achilles tendon, Zo Ahad E414 achne,Me = IFC achromatic, Py #A9" AAD acicular, Gl Prd, AA acid, Ch RAL acid, Me AAS acid anbydride,Ch @70,A KAS acid-base balance, Nu AAS 021 coe acidic, Me DAAT acidic rock, Gl AWZA-b RIL acidic salt, Ch AAAS? ao acidity, Ch ALP acidolysis, Ch AAAE @URT acidosis, Me = £7” AAATYT acid rain, Ch AS WS acid resistant,Ch ALS PIE acid salt, Ch hAL ao acid soil, Ag AALS ALC acidvalue,Ch AA& AA? acini, Me fins acoustics, Py Abath (hy Set) acquiclude,G) oY 7% acquired, Me vit acquired charace teristics, Zo PHF Quce acquired characters,Ag 41% duct? acquired immunity, Zo PS rus acreage, Gg one acromion, Me WS actinometer, Py = Ale T*Rtc actinomorphic, Bt fwhCa (#c8 fut) actinomycetes, Bt Ayeetekt action,Ch = PIC action, Py aC activate,Ch Tc activate, Py nen ( T11C) activating group,Ch = A792-f hhA activation (precess),Ch 792 activation, Py ?A¢4 (m6) activation analysis, Py 1912S t747 [activation ' energy, Py = PhP 1 FANT activation force, py theT Y£A ‘| active, Ch mc active (element), Em 20.¢ (hAe*??) active, Py ™mé (Mc) active agent,Gl 10.¢hA (7.2 AhA). active circuit, Em 7c #C active component, Em ab PHC active com- : ponent, Py 9 ™é PICactive current active current,Em = 71.0 hat active earth pressure, Be 94440 active immunity,Me 0. fut active immunity, Zo 70.6 607 active power (real power), Em mets" tant active transport, Bt 70.c hac active volcano, Gg 4% 774. active wire,Em 7f.c 7in activity, Ch mcr activity, Py mer actual cohort, St 8-3 tm% actual mass (real mass),Ch 6&S¢ compen AA actuator,Em = Ate4 9% acute, Ag AMAL acute, Me Amag acute angle,Ma FA Ww ( K7-7A) acute toxicity, Ag AOA Pkt acute triangle,Ma A 1 dirt acyclic, Ch mcr acyl, Ch Aaa ‘acylation,Ch = ALA adamantine,Gl hA*MH Pha adapt (to),Ch — he1 adapt, Me meer adaptation, Ag = Agron} adaptation, Be arr adaptation, Ch Ay adaptation,Gg Ayes. adaptation, Zo FARR. ( Aer rt) 4 adhesion adapter,Ch = -AAS?7, adaptive radiation, Zo TAPAAT ACP adaxial, Bt = mA 4 addendum,Em TC" (7ch 1¢) addeadom drleEm tc" htt addened (term),Ma E92 adder, Em RG addiction,Me a) addition,Ch = t9c addition,Ma gence addition, Py = S92 addition Polymer,Ch £FC 7Aer addition reaction, Ch 2c hewict additive, Py = Rare additive constantSt £7C A.+APee additive identity,Ma er2e oy) additive model, St 27°C 199.4 additive process, Py £7°¢s€ 127 additive Property,Ma £72" que additives,Nu 71 address register, Em het mura adduction,Me = hit adductor muscle, Zo A?é-0, av3¥ adenoid, Me Mo tant Aden series,Gg A 27 SeECT adhesion, Be Te adhesion, Ch Tet adhesion, Me Ter adhesion 5 aerial root adhesion, Py = - THLE ( TAH?) adhesion soil, Ag >? AAC adhesive,Ch = ™q1® adhesive, Py = o> adhesive label, Ch "Nn? 34 adhesive power,Em Atoorits adhesive tape, Me TAAtC adhesiveness, Ch o* "17? adhesivity, Py monn adiabatic (process), Em = A4fl. adiabatic, Py hALObhe (Fo AF) adiabatic change,Gl £0- o> 2m Aap adiabatic . heating, Gg 177 o> Adigrat sandstone,Gg AATF ATP RR adipose, Bt Aah adipose tissue, Bt A@“L uicuPh adipose tissue, Nu AAO UN PAT adjacent angles,Ma ?C-(+ 189% adjustable wrench, Em ‘hi-thhe og7 adjusting screw, Be An adminstrative machinery, Gg AdFALEE oPPC admittance,Em AYE ( AAG) admittance, Py 7-7 ( AAG.) admixture, Be F707 adobe, Be 07% art adobe, Gg Am, anf (a7 072. av) adolescent, Me = a4 ( Thi) ADP (adenosin diphesphate),Nu 4.4.7. adrenal gland, Me brah om. adrenal gland,Zo Adm, adrenalin, Zo teAdm, CPD adrenaline, Me AECSAT adreno ‘cortico trophic hormone, Me AteT both tech vcr? adsorbability,Ch #1 adsorbable,Ch 7-7 adsorbate,Ch' 9°C2.% adsorbent, Ch = to*¢-7, adsorption, Bt 7*C7> adsorption, Ch C7 adult, Zo rArh advanced, Bt | *n advancing coast,Gg AIM 2° més advection,Gg FAAS ( 41124) advection, Py ?1t0#?- advection fog,Gl 702 P27 adventitious, Bt | Ad~F adveatitious reot,Bt Ad-t AC adz, Be mores aeolian, Gl 9442 aeolian deposit,Gg 14-4 nv-e aeolian deposit,Gl r+ OAS hy aeration, Ag = thre (afc rh) )}aeration,Ch = Afd- aeration zone, Gl At e-® ene aerenchyma, Bt = ATC APE UNAUTA aerial, Py AYES aerial cableways,Gg Ata? hp t aerial root, Bt Afe-@ ACaerial roots, Ag £E or act aerobe, Bt = Aft aerobic, Ag Afe-t. aerobic, Bt Afé-2 aerobic, Me Afe-€ aerobic respiration, Ag Afe-€ 4744 aerobic respiration, Bt hee +724 aerobic respiration,Nu Ate ar een aero drome,Gg 2. 28 aerodynamics, Py XC45°Lh aerography,Gg Afc #5 aeronantics,Gg hi TPZ. aeronomy, Py Reo. aerosol, Ch nF aerotropism, Bt »s>e ATC afferent, Me Ara afferent, Zo Ara afferent neuron, Zo AS*m vt 1a affinity,Ch o24 ‘affluent,Gg tang. {af) forestation, Ag 27 "TANn afforestation, Bt “£77 (23 1&2) afforestation, Gg £97 aflatoxin, Nu AGAPHAT afro-alpine, Gg AGC ATE afro-alpine vegetationBt «AGE KATZ? Ot after birth,Ag 479%. AE after burning, Em = Suc32-+ afterglow, Gg on7 after shock,Gl Sud CAR EC after shock, Py Rue hos agar, Be hoc agar, Ch noc agate, Ch at age, GI ben age, Me eee age-distribution, St 663 Ace “age heaping, St 0292 #aa agent, Be babe, agent, Ch Ake2, age-ratio, St 622 @- ec age-specific, St 6&2 m#t age-specific birthrate, St 601 msi ALY rm age-specific death rate,St &&*1 ast 4 rm age-specific mortality,St 6°. ms app age structure, Gg 6091 Fc agglomerate, Gg 41 &t2¢. agglomerate, Gl SAA +5 bet agglomeration, Gg ht rt agglutination, Me +7167 agglutination, Nu 3A, agglutination, Zo +71$+ agglutinin, Zo AM ‘ agglutinogen, Zo AVE OAL aggradation, Gg 77-04-02 ageradation,Gl 2 7705- aggraded valley,Gg AS? 7A6 aggregate, Bc NTE aggregate soil, Ag Loe 220 (RoC bec) aging, Ch NA — aging (of Population), Gg = 2cE ( ruta) agonic line, Gg ALVA ehae ance? agrarian, Gg agricultural density,Gg ?fICS Wat agriculture, Ag ?41CT agroechology, Ag ‘?ft¢ ANAA. ror (fANCS ANNA, FO) agronomist,Gg Aie*d- mitt agronomy, Ag | GACT TE ( HC PAST TET) air, Me APC air bladder (swim bladder), Zo Ate 4.7 airborne, Py Raté APC (BRE MAL) air brake, Em APC E27 air brick, Bc ASEH ThA aircondensor,Ch Afc %a.7F air conditioning, Em Ac “Wheto? air-cooled engine, Em AfcC #¢8 P+C air-corecoil,Em arc T°" aircurrent,Gg APC FIL air drying, Be afc £c4H air entraining agent , Be ATC &me- TPR airgap,Gg = Af #9 air glow, Py = Sew AFC air layering, Ag PCRRE MOM air mass,Gg AC KE air mass, GI afc Ania air mass, Py ehec ACL tT air pollution, Bt Afc (nA air pollution, Gl t240c (+L AEC) air pressure, Gg: AG 147 air pump,Py fafc 77 air sac, Zo fc hém.t air space (chamber), Zo Afc 44 fh " agrarian 7 algebraic_equation airstream,Gg Afc £47 air survey, Be WaAkIRF air terminal,Py Arc PCoLTA air-tight,Ch fc - 117 alanine, Nu ARAL? alba (white matter), Me = ATrA albedo, Gg ence albedo, Py nALA (net, ona) alhipisim, Zo 71+ : albino,Zo albite, G! BAN albumen, Ag 4470.4 albumen, Zo NTRP ( ADRAA TT) alcohol,Ch AAPA alcohol,Me AAPA alcoholic 1 beverages, Nu AAA Yh oemT alcove,Be 44% alfisol, Gl @f9£2% hLC algae, Bt | PEA, ( oY APACT) algal bloom, Bt Tat PA. algebra,Ma hAR tic algebraic, Ma AAR AGE algebraically closed field, Ma AAR NG€ 27 wan ly embedded, Ma AAR NEE ATH? algebraic closure,Ma AAR NGE LLP algebraic closure of field,Ma forth AAR NAT LPer algebraic equation, Ma AAX Nef AtrADalgebraic extention & aktemate angles Allen key algebraic extention, Ma AAKAL€ wc7t algebraic plane curve,Ma =AARNEE MAA hoo algorithm, Em AA algorithm, Ma AAT cur (QA+# Antec) alidade,Bc = AAAS alidade,Gg AAAE alignment, Be heer F9°-7 alimentary canal,Ag FO +011 alimentary canal,Zo Panag aliphatic,Ch AASth alkali,Ch = AANA, alkali metal, Ch AANA. 2} AdtE alkalimetry, Ch AAnA. #2. alkaline, Gl AANA? alkaline,Me AA, (0c-1¥) alkaline rock, GLAAHA.? £322 alkaline soill,Ag — AP*AL.LC (AIA ALC) alkalosis, Me 9" AAntYt alkane,Ch = KA? alkene, Ch hah? alkoxide,Ch AABHAEE: alkyl, Ch AARA alkyl group, Ch }ARA~ AHA alkylating Agent,Ch = AAS. alkyiation,Ch = AAnADT alkyne, Ch rane? allele (allelo- morph);,Zo 8 #7 Ee, (hexagonal socket wrench) ,Em AAT #993 allergen,Me = ACEO allergy,Me = AAC, alligator clip,Em =A -FCh py allocation of a sample, St = Fae-¢ 20 allochtonous, Gl om allotrimorphic, GI frit 4.27 allotrope,Ch haacr Ad - &cH) allotropy,Ch hAcce?? allowable (adj.),Py bat alloy, Ch PET Net hivte alloy,Em 3e7 alloy steel, Be 42-7 HA fc? alluvial fan,Gg 79°# £AA alluvial fan, Gl 3c 04 £Aa alluvial plain, Gg 2% 20a alluvial soil, Ag = 2AaLC alluvium, Gg RAA alluvium, Gl RAR almagest, Py AATIAT almanac, Gg hee alpha, Py hat alpha decay,Py That fina? alpha particle, Py AAt Ab) alpine meadows, Gg he 4c 14 alpine period, Gg 9 AAT¢.034 alpine system,G1 ac44 tee. alping glacter,G1 WAS (Ze alternate angles, Ma Sc? rere altemate exterior angles 9 amorphous alternate exterior angles,Ma = $C? OLE NEST alternate host, Bt rha?& AAS OE alternate interior angles,Ma #C? mame ner ye alternate leaves, Bt ATAAG tna alternating, Py esse alternating current (AC), Em tba??? be7k (hr) alternating current, Py = -bé982 Yr alternating series, Ma FLERE ATTE alternation, Bt 111A alternation of generation, Bt tear nA alternative hypothesis, St AWeP 32cLC alternator,Py ¢#Sfc altimeter,Gg 9 h€+ “140 altimeter, G1 DEP cans altimeter, Py = hA-ERTC (hes “trc) altiplano,Gg = he 7-2 (HEF AS) altitude, Gg ner altitude (of a triangle, etc.),Ma nes (ht Ant! ont.) ‘altitude, Py hee alto-cumulus,Gg A?A ddA 20g alto-stratus,Gg AFA SCACD Rows alum, Ch bar aluminium, GI Ary aluminium foil,Ch Ai?" mA alumino silicate, Gl AA?’T ART alveolus, Ag: YA (HPA YAM) alveolus,Me it alveolus,Zo = tna amalgam,Ch 27 41> amalgam, Py 9 &£41A+ amalgamation, Py &NAt? amber, Gl APL amber,Py = Ay*Nc ambient, Py han.ee ambient tem. perature,Em fahat, ?? ambiguous,Ma 44", amendment soil, Ag “177A ( AAC) amenorrphoea, Me ARG $e? amensal, Bt FILTH (WL VPA) amensalism, Bt 1LPAYE (16K vrart) amine, Bt ACL? amino acid, Bt A*LT KAS amino-acid, Me “K°LT ALLE ammeter, Py Atte ammonia solution,Ch ammonite,GI #cé 1a ammonolysis, Ch APC? €cht amnion, Me AGRA! HCH TE amnion, Zo TAC ATLA amniotic fluid,Me (717 ary amniotic Mluid,Zo 8 =—- AWC oY amniotic pouch (amniotic cavity),Zo HA hémt amoeba, Me arta amoebiasis, Me A°L0 1t3- amorphous,Ch ?c?Aq APPLE omomnorphous mei of covariance analysis of covariance _model i angle of incidence amorphous,Gl A207 anabolism, Ag Teh analysis of covariance androgen,Me = ATECE? amorphous, Py #00 KAT anabolism, Bt ms model, St KOC Age+ androgen,Zo | -MOFCTY ament,ch mn? anabolism,Me = 71> PTAA | cnemia,NU LI THN amouat, Ma TPA anaemia analysis of " nPre . (anemia), Me aver variance, St ALL? POE5 anemogram, Gg h}47 PH70 " anaemia, Zo aver analysis of variance anemograph, Gg h747+ ttc theorem, Py 9 APEC ERE anaerobe, Bt atc Ket model, St ALLA FHT PRA snemo-meten ue ae amperometry,Ch Pre 12 —_ | annerobe, Me Race amalytic,Ma 545% anemometer, ven ~ amsphiarthrosis,Z0 eve Phd 227 | anaerobic ,Bt afc AAA analytic anemometer, Fy 16h“ Zo | hreeet hivte anaerobic (function), Ma = F740 anerobic asaphibie, respiration, Bt nec @arire) respiration, Ag AC: hAQ 172.4 amphibian,Gl AP 25a AAD PA analytic aneroid amphibol,Gl = A*4.SA-+ bic (geometry), Ma #3462 (Z2t<) barometer,Gg 447 4A9 14.7 amphibolite, Gl Ag2.5A.% respiration, Nu AFC RAN analytic “ttc amphiprotic, Ch Te#7 Av careet? (analytical), Py +7152 aneroid amphoteric, Ch MA (47 anaesthesia, Me hooey analytical ce wee barometer, Py 242% 9c “tC ampkoterle anal fn, Zo baa We~41 alvticel “7 aan oride,Ch = AAAI ARAL — | analemma,Gg ARATE: (ATS = ytical angiosperm, Gh? HC amplification, Py 74 mutt F°AN) balance, Py ¢?7->5 913 angle, Em Abn? amplifie,Em PA. ( APP) analgestic, Me “Th3-Ti analytic angle, Ma ne (ava) . survey, St | b34) 769 amplifier, Py nas analog,Em = KY*AA analyze (t0),Ch 4749 angle, Py ne amplify, Py am analog, Py neag aoe tees angle dozer,Em = 974. ( ALC amplitude, Em = Ahc7I>- Jog to digital conv lyzer, Em Ney 991.14.) amplitude, Py = 14 (ADC), Em AAA OL AYEE anaphase, Zo PA RR angle iron, Em ne ner amplitude (ofa Agar (YA) anatomy,Me = AS F"1.. angle measurements venade Ma tl #7 77°F) | analogous, Zo FHA anatomy, Zo arMAT: 1AY system, Ma He COAh? ACHE amplitude (argument cop hy analogous ancestor, Ag HOTT (HC PTL) PPC acomplex number, Ma eta organs, Zo PAA NAT ancestor wor angle of analogy, Zo ship, Gg CS APPAP > depression,Ma = (#) ACRT HE ampoale,Ch = AS*FA By, reat ampoule, Me APRA analyse,Py aoe ttt anchor, Em mae angle of deviation, Py (¢) 77 #8 turn, Py APT akc analyser, Py rit anchor, Gg nuh angle of dip, Py A441 smpalla, Me ACA analysis, Ch ets anchor bolt, Be AA fart angie of elevation, Ma = 74? IE ampulla, Zo aca analysis, Ma PES andalusite, Gl AAO angle of friction, Be? AQ “TANT amylase, No nad analysis, Py aes andesite, Gl ARATE "angle of friction, Em Ans tt amyiase, Zo Road analysis of and gate, Em Ag A angle of friction, Py =f An> ne anabatic covariance, St TRL ALLE FFT androecium, Bt | @8 FF ( 072% angle of incidence, Py 9 S+.9. Nt wind, Gg ‘Wn 140 ort) (PRES HE)angle of reflection 12 Antalo limestone angle of reflection,Py fetes #® angie of relief (velief angle), Em = A+ HE angle of repase, GI ACA TAHT angstrom, Py ArmMtCe? angstrom unit, Py ATIC?! AVE angular,Py #@f . angular aceeleration, Py #@¢e ign: NESE THAT angular diameter, Py s@f@ 2°13 angular momentum, Py #tft RILCKLE angularity, Gl rat angular uncon formity, Gl "TAHSE hAG angular velocity, Py f@°e2 €r7t anhydride,Ch oY 1h anhydrite,Gl = Y AAN RA anhydrous,Ch ©? 14°? anidiuretic hormone,Me ‘%?tha vcr? animal(s), Ag RA (7) animal, Zo ama anima! community, Bt 10-1 — ¥7n4 animal fat, Nu A AAt POT animal kingdom, Ag =F 722/14 (PIR AMA) animal kingdom, Bt a3 - A204 animal pole, Zo uf 36 animal products, Nu N204% Ont anion,Ch Agt? anion,Me Age? anion, Py AAAS? anise,Nu A740 anisotropic, Gl A.fordue anisotropic, Py A.fa-ques® (AALOTETN) ankle,Me #cspprett ankylosis, Me = 7 anneal, Em oT annealed, Em = ATA annealing, Em = Ar4 annihilate,Py 9*£7°An annihilation, Py £9°A4 annual,Ag hoa rE annual, Bt =e" annual march of temperature, Gg Ao*2-% An cmb poet annual range of temperature,Gg Ao A2 AN mbt ArT annual ring, Bt hé-P AE #Ant annular, Py =?An>-t annular drainage,Gg #ANtS er2-1 annular eclipse, GL PAN Bh? 902% annular eclipse, Py ?A04% 70471 annular stream, Gl #A0% O71 anode,Ch ATE anode,Em ATS anode, Py = A@T&! AOI TH anomaly, Gl om? hAt anomaly, Py @-r¢+ anoreria, Me ALER PIN anorexia, Nu ATénAS anorthosite, Gl ATC#i.7 anoxica,Me aAhhE} Am? anphylactic, Me 71 Antalo limestone,Gg Atte #24— Par £8. Antarcticcircle,Gg 20-0T HA antecedent drainage, Gg PAL FON antecedent — river, Gg +A ON ” antemeridian, Gg #Ro° #46 antemortem,Me Fre PT antenatal, Me PR ALT antenna, Em AYED antenna, Py ATT antenna, Zo APES ante partum,Me #0 @AX anterior, Bt on anterior, Me ert anterior, Zo PH18 ( TAN) anterior yena cava, Zo PAIL OE LI ONT ante solarium, Be dhe 7-1 471 anther, Bt NEADS antheridium, Bt “7£20h? : (19R4 WAT) anthesis,Ag = 2.4 Sh anthophyta, Bt A7#422° anthracite,Gg “PAU hha anthracite, GL APPEAL aithrax, Ag nO AD " anthropogeography,Gg th PLE anthropology, Gg 4? 40h? * anthropometric measurements,Nu AnsfAt (da An) anthropometerist, Nu fa Ah anthropometry, No Ans he antl, Py ae antibiotic, Bt 62 veer antibiotic, Me ATEN Eh antibody, Me 02 RIAA Wha antibody, Zo 62 AYIA Rha antichlor, Ch 82 Niece anticlinal mountain, Gl ANNE ted anticline, G1 ait anticilinorium, Gl AATHOH anticline, Gg TAT anti-clockwise, Py hats anticoagulant,Ch 04 1A? anticoagulant,Me 94, 27" ACO? anticyclone, Gg 37 NCAT antiderivative,Ma AAS? antidote, Ch acht antidote, Me aAcht antiform, Gl ae antifreeze, Ch 02 er antigen, Me ATI AHA antigen, Zo ATH DhA antl-gravity,Py 6d. atk — 4h antihistamine,Me 94 “0°27 anti-knock, Ch ac Dae antilogarithm, Ma = A} 2cu7* anti-matter, Py 02 eh antt-node, Py RAY antioxidant, Ch 8c oMay anti-particle, Py = #4 APA anti-peristalsis, Zo 112 747 antiphyretic, Me 0d the antipode, Gg we8ct anti-proton, Py aaTet? anti-resonance, Py #2 7? antiseptic, Me 04 NPAT antiserum, Me oe Nir -antitoxin i4 ‘mathe matics | antitoxin, Bt oc ore apogamy antitexin, Me 92 we (apomixis ), Bt het auti-trades, Gg +64 Phstept | apogee, Gg ce rec antrax, Me ena apogee, Py 1% PVEC (ATH) auuria, Me Mt ae apomizis,Ag =—- F.ANYt anus, Me 21a aponeurosis, Me Az) anus, Zo BAL apophyses,Gl HEPA ~ Pee anvil, Be ons apparatus,Ch 9-3 fie omer anvil (incus),Zo 0 hat apparatus, Py = #4ld owe anxious, Me 2 apparent, Py = tA aorta, Me Oe £7 ex~ | apparent aorta, Zo one ee ang || maenitude, Py oman Fath apparent maree™ 3s | Madcamue star om apparent noon, Py ha $+C ape-man, Zo WEE ho apparent solar aperiodic, Em ANGA LEE time, Gg hg Un mA aperiodic, Py RHE ase apparent solar a time, GI AL LI OAL (radiator),Em = Wihac ( AP : appendix, Me C8 ATER appetite, Nu Pome appetizer, Nu PCRE apple, Nu + applicator, Me ms applied, Py amet applied mathe- matics,Ma | 2 OPP applied physics applied physics, Py F9e@ 214 approximate,Ma = *74é-01 approximate, St = “7a (2h): AeCOS approximation, Ma rc ’ approximation, St ?c0% appulse, Py he 6ATt Pade AC2H ( ILA CAM) apricot, Nu AT2bh* apron, Ch Acr apron, Gg PAVIA aquaregia,Ch Ab-P2R? aquarium, Bt CAL THA aquatic, Bt ore aquatic, Gl ory aquatic, Zo OE. aquatic animals, Zo YE ATT aquatic life,Zo. @YE VROT aquatic plant, Ag oY 0¢A ‘tha aqueous, Ch oye} aqueous humor,Me AL? @-” aqueous humor, Zo @-Y67 4.471 aquiclude, Gg nIeIg. aquifer, Gg Th NP aquifer, GI OY PPA aquometry,Ch = &-¥#"-re- arabic numeral,Ma hat. Aye arable farming,Gg We 71CT arable land, Gg ACH wat arachidonic acid, Nu AchA#Agh AAS arachnids, Zo fd2é+ Adts arachnoid, Me h¢é-1 arachnoid mem- brane, Zo te AND aragonite,Gl Ae-Ptt 1S arete aranchata,Nu Ag? arbor, Em Ans ( Bhenc 4.F) arboreal, Bt | "&2G (4 ARC) arboriculture, Ag Nalho ¢1¢ arc, Ma the are, Py ht arch,Bc PAF 740 arch, Gg Tht archaeology, Gg O@T?4 archegonium, Bt 1227+ ("RL AT) archenteron,Zo = #£e* hch archeozoic, GI Tt vet Archimedes’s principle, Py fACh.“tRh oecy archipelago,Gg AB LA architect, Be Ar vt? Fc architectural ornament,Be 2m U7 architecture, Bc AY U9 architrave, Be nee archway, Bc Pat wae Arctic circle,Gg 9 A*8SE HA Arcticcircle, Gl avis bAD arcuate delta,Gg £27 £4 area,Gl = Att area,Ma = 4 avea,Py h¢+ area diagram,St = 4+ 1¢-¢ areal strip mining, Gg TA #enF FRET area sampling, St HAA TP areola,Me = aAeet av? aresenopyrite, Gl ACAT Tet arete, Gg Ne