‫‪Archive of SID‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﻟﻬﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻭ ﺧﻤﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ‬

‫ﺟﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﻮژﻥ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﮔﺎﺯ‬

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‫ﻓﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺳﻲ‪ ، 1‬ﻣﻬﺪﻱ ﻧﻈﺮﻱ ﻣﺮﻭﻳﺎﻥ‪ ، 2‬ﺳﻴﺪ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﺪ ﺭﺿﺎﻭﻧﺪ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻜﺪﻩ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﺯﻓﻮﻝ ‪faridabbasi512@yahoo.com ،‬‬

‫ﭼﻜﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺑﺪﻻﻳﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﮔﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻳﺶ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳﺒﻜﻲ ﻭﺯﻥ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻌﻄﺎﻑ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ‪ ،‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ ‪ ،‬ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﮔﺎﺯ ‪ ،‬ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ‬
‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻫﻜﺸﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﺑﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺟﻮﺵ‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺟﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﻮژﻥ ﺏ( ﺟﻮﺵ ﺑﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﻮژﻥ ﺝ( ﺟﻮﺵ ﻫﻮﺍﻱ ﺩﺍﻍ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺩ( ﺟﻮﺵ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻛﺴﺘﺮﻭﺩﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﻮژﻥ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ‬
‫‪ 25‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ )‪ 2000 ، 1000 ، 700 ، 550 ، 400 ، 200‬ﻭ ‪ 3000‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ( ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ‬
‫ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻧﺪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎﺕ ﻟﻬﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻭ‬
‫ﺧﻤﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻧﺪ ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﻟﻬﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻭ ﺧﻤﻜﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﻜﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﮔﺴﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺟﻮﺵ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻤﺪﺕ ‪ 400‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻧﺪ ‪ 13‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺗﻮ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﺩﺭ ‪ 700‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺻﺪ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻴﺮﺳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺟﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻛﺴﻴﺪﺍﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﻟﻜﻮﻟﻲ ‪ C-H‬ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺍژﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻱ ‪ :‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ‪ ،‬ﺟﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﻮژﻥ ‪ ،‬ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﻟﻬﻴﺪﮔﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﺧﻤﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺟﻮﺵ‬

‫‪ -1‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ – ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬

‫‪ -2‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ – ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬
‫‪ -3‬ﺩﻛﺘﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ – ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬

‫‪www.Processconf.ir‬‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪021-88671676 :‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺮﻱ‪ :‬ﻫﻢ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬

‫‪www.SID.ir‬‬
‫‪Archive of SID‬‬

‫‪ -1‬ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ )‪ ، (LDPE‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ )‪ (MDPE‬ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﺎﻻ )‪ (HDPE‬ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﺑﺪﻻﻳﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻲ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ‬
‫ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻻ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﮔﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻌﻄﺎﻑ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺧﺎﻙ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻥ ﻛﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻮﻻﺩ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺭﻭﺍﺝ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻧﺪ ‪ .‬ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ )ﺟﻮﺵ( ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﻮژﻥ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﺷﻌﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﻟﻬﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻭ ﺧﻤﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻫﻮﺍﺯﺩﮔﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻳﺎ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻱ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻫﻮﺍﺯﺩﮔﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﻌﺸﻌﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻱ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺟﻮﻱ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻓﺼﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻃﻴﻒ ﭘﺮﺗﻮ ﻧﻮﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺪ ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﻮﺟﻲ ﺍﺯ ‪ 290‬ﻧﺎﻧﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺎ‬
‫‪ 3‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 45%‬ﺁﻥ ﻧﻮﺭ ﻣﺮﺋﻲ ‪ 50% ،‬ﺁﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﻭﻥ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﻭ ‪ 5%‬ﺁﻥ ﭘﺮﺗﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﻮﺟﻬﺎﻱ ‪ 0,0144‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﻣﺘﺮ ﻭ ‪ 0,39‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺗﺸﻌﺸﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺟﺰء ﭘﺮﺗﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻔﺎ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ‪ .‬ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺸﻌﺸﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ‪ .‬ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ 2-1‬ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ - 2-1‬ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﻭﺭﺍ ﺑﻨﻔﺶ ]‪[3‬‬

‫ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﻟﻜﻮﻟﻲ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﺸﻌﺸﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﻮﺝﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ ‪ UVB ، UVA‬ﻭ ‪UVC‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮ ﻭ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ‬
‫ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ‪ .‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ 2-2‬ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ‪ - 2-2‬ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮﻱ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﺮﺗﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ]‪[4‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﻮﺝ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺟﻬﺖ‬

‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ )ﻧﺎﻧﻮﻣﺘﺮ(‬ ‫)‪(KJ/mol‬ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ‬

‫‪200‬‬ ‫‪613‬‬ ‫‪C=C‬‬

‫‪350‬‬ ‫‪314‬‬ ‫‪C—C‬‬
‫‪125‬‬ ‫‪413‬‬ ‫‪C—H‬‬
‫‪330‬‬ ‫‪320‬‬ ‫‪C—O‬‬
‫‪164‬‬ ‫‪730‬‬ ‫‪C=O‬‬

‫‪www.Processconf.ir‬‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪021-88671676 :‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺮﻱ‪ :‬ﻫﻢ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬

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‫‪ -3‬ﺟﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﻮژﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺳﺎﺩﮔﻲ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺑﻂ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻮﺷﻨﻬﺎﻱ )‪ (socket‬ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺟﻮﺷﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺳﻴﻢ ﺟﻮﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺑﻂ )‪ (socket‬ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻭ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺫﻭﺏ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﺪ ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺧﻨﻚ ﺷﺪﻥ ‪ ،‬ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﻘﺒﺎﺽ ﻻﻳﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺫﻭﺏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻫﻢ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺟﻮﺷﻲ ﻗﻮﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻛﺴﺘﺮﻭﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺻﻴﻘﻞ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺑﻂ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺿﻤﻨﺎً ﻛﺎﻟﻴﺒﺮﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮔﻴﺮﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻣﺪﻭﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺟﻮﺷﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻮﺷﻜﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 3-1‬ﻭ ‪ 3-2‬ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﻮژﻥ ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺑﻂ )ﺳﺎﻛﺖ( ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ‪ – 3-2‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﻮژﻥ ]‪[2‬‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‪ – 3-1‬ﺟﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﻮژﻥ]‪[3‬‬

‫‪ -4‬ﺷﺮﺡ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﻭﺍء ﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻳﻮﻭﻱ )‪ (UV‬ﻣﺪﻝ ‪Loturn-UVA340‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ ) .‬ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ (4-1‬ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﻭﺭﺍء ﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 8‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﻻﻣﭗ ﻓﻠﻮﺭﻭﺳﻨﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬
‫‪ Sylvania‬ﺍﺳﭙﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﻮﺝ ‪ 340‬ﻧﺎﻧﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﻝ ‪ 60‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ 5‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺭ ﻻﻣﭗ ﻫﺎ ‪ 20‬ﻭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ‪2800w/m2‬ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‬
‫‪P‬‬ ‫‪P‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪﺕ ﻻﻣﭗﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﺔ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ )‪ ، (1930w/m2‬ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎﻩ‬
‫‪P‬‬ ‫‪P‬‬

‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﭘﺮﺗﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺎ ‪ 45‬ﺭﻭﺯ ﻫﻮﺍﺯﺩﮔﻲ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺕ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ )‪، 550 ، 400 ، 200‬‬
‫‪ 2000 ، 1000 ، 700‬ﻭ ‪ 3000‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ( ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪.‬‬

‫‪www.Processconf.ir‬‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪021-88671676 :‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺮﻱ‪ :‬ﻫﻢ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬

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‫ﺷﻜﻞ‪ – 4-1‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ‬

‫‪ -5‬ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻟﻬﻴﺪﮔﻲ )‪(crushing decohesion Test‬‬
‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻟﻬﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ‪ ISO 13955‬ﺑﺮ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺭﺍﺑﻂ )‪ (Socket‬ﺭﺍ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻴﻢ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺗﺎ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻓﻚ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻱ‬
‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻭﻻً ﻟﺒﻪ ﻓﻚ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻟﺒﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً ﻣﻤﺎﺱ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎً ﺩﺭ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ‪ .‬ﺁﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻳﻜﻨﻮﺍﺧﺖ ‪ 100mm / min ± 10%‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻧﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻓﻚ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﻧﻮﻙ‬
‫ﭘﻴﭻ ﮔﻮﺷﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻟﺒﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻭ ﺷﻜﺎﻑ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺪ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺳﻌﻲ ﻣﻴﮕﺮﺩﺩ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﻙ ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺟﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﺑﻂ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺳﻪ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﮕﺮﺩﺩ ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻮﺵ ‪ ،‬ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺁﻥ‬
‫‪d 2‬‬
‫=‬
‫‪Cc‬‬ ‫‪× 100‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻟﻬﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 5-1‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪.‬‬
‫[‬

‫‪ Cc‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻃﻮﻟﻲ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺟﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﺟﻮﺵ‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫‪ D2‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﺟﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﺟﻮﺵ )‪(mm‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ Y‬ﻃﻮﻝ ﻛﻞ ﺟﻮﺵ )‪(mm‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ‪ – 5-1‬ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻟﻬﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﻮژﻥ‬

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‫ﺏ( ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺧﻤﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺟﻮﺵ )‪: (Strip Bend Test‬‬

‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ‪ ISO TC 138/SO‬ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻴﮕﺮﺩﺩ ‪ .‬ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺟﻮﺵ )ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻧﻮﺍﺭﻱ ﺷﻜﻞ( ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 5-2‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺳﺘﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺟﻮﺷﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ )ﺍﻧﺒﺮﺩﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺮﺽ ﻓﻚ ‪ 10 mm‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﺳﻤﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻱ ‪ (75 mm‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺧﻤﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﮕﻴﺮﺩ )ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ . (5-3‬ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ‪ 250 mm‬ﻭ‬
‫ﻋﺮﺽ ﻧﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﺳﻤﻲ ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻱ ‪ 75mm‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ )‪ 2.5mm(± 0/5 mm‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﺒﺮﺩﺳﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﺁﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪90‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ )ﻳﺎ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﺋﻴﻜﻪ ﺍﻧﺒﺮﺩﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ( ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﻧﺒﺮﺩﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺮﻣﻴﮕﺮﺩﺩ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 5-3‬ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺧﻤﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺟﻮﺵ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 5-2‬ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺟﻮﺵ‬

‫‪ -6‬ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻟﻬﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺟﻮﺵ‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻟﻬﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻧﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 6-1‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ‬
‫ﮔﺴﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ‪ 400‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻧﺪ ‪13‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﺎﺛﺮ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺗﻮ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﺩﺭ ‪ 700‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺻﺪﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬
‫ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺭﺳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﻟﻜﻮﻟﻲ ‪ C-H‬ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ‪ – 6-1‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﮔﺴﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺟﻮﺵ‬

‫‪www.Processconf.ir‬‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪021-88671676 :‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺮﻱ‪ :‬ﻫﻢ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺮژﻱ ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬

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‫ﺏ( ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺧﻤﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺟﻮﺵ ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 6-2‬ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺗﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻟﻬﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻜﻞ‪ – 6-2‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﮔﺴﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺟﻮﺵ‬

‫‪ -7‬ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﮔﻴﺮﻱ‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﮔﺴﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻤﺪﺕ ‪ 400‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ‪ 8‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﮔﺴﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺧﻤﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺟﻮﺵ ﻭ ‪ 13‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﮔﺴﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻟﻬﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﺑﻄﻮﺭﻳﻜﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﮔﺴﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ‪ 700‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﻭ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ‪ 100‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﭘﺮﺗﻮ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﺴﺘﻦ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻫﺎﻱ ‪C-H‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻟﺬﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﺮﻏﻢ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ )ﺩﻭﺩﻩ ‪ -‬ﺭﻧﮕﺪﺍﻧﻪ( ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﺍﺷﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﻭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻠﻲ ﺍﺗﻴﻠﻦ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ )ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺑﺎﺯ( ﻭ ﺑﻤﺪﺕ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ‪.‬‬

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‫ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬

1- M.Fujikake , M.Fukumura and K.Kitao

Materials and processing research center NKK corporation , 1 kokan-cho . Fukuyama ,
Hiroshima , 721 , Japan 1997.
2-SANGIRPlastics PLTDwww.sangir.in;www.pvdf.in
3- Any name, 2001, Weathering Testing Guidebook, Atlas Weathering Services Group.
4-Any name, 2005, Weathering of Plastics, Zeus factory, Technical whitepaper,
WWW.Zeusinc.com
139 0‫ ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ‬IGS-C-DN-03(1)‫ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺟﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﻮژﻥ‬-5

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