ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PAPYROLOGIE UND EPIGRAPHIK begriindet von Reinhold Merkelbach (+) und Ludwig Koenen herausgegeben von Werner Eck, Helmut Engelmann, Dieter Hagedorn, Jirgen Hammerstaedt, Andrea Jordens, Rudolf Kassel Ludwig Koenen, Wolfgang Dieter Lebek, Klaus Maresch, Georg Petzl und Cornelia Romer RIOT, EOP, ITIAE + BAND 169 2009 DR. RUDOLF HABELT GMBH : BONN245 New INSCRIPTIONS FROM PANNONIA AND DALMATIA” ‘Three new Latin inscriptions have been brought to our attention recently. The first two, kept in the National Museum in Sabac, were published in 2006.! The third, unpublished one, originating from Bosnia and Herzegovina, is currently in the Museum of Semberija in Bijeljina, 1. Altar of limestone, with moulding above and below, partly damaged on the left side. Upper and right sides are chipped off. Upper part was decorated with acroteria. Dimensions: 90 x 37 x 30 em, Letter height: 5 em, Found in Gradustina, near Beljin, district of Viadimirci in Serbia (province of Pan- nonia), It served as a part of the staircase in the house of Ivanka Crvenkovig, It was transferred to the National muse- um in Sabac in 1981 (inv. no. A 464). Hovi) O(ptimo) Maximo) | [JIL Terltullint{ujs viorum) Plosuit) Kibens) m(erito). The site Gradustina is located at the confluence of the small river VukodraZ and Sava, Archaeological survey revealed vestiges of a Roman settlement and a fortress built at the beginning of the IV century AD? The interpretation of the first word in line 2 is somewhat Uncertain since the first letter is missing, [/[L. The first pos- sibility is an abbreviated gentilieium /,fl( and the second is Sil(vano). ‘The abbreviated form Sit. for Silvanus is fre- quently found in Pannonia.* If the reading Sil(vano) is correct, the altar was dedi- cated to Jupiter and Silvanus, god of the forests and agricul- ture worshiped especially in Tlyricum and neighbouring provinces Altars mentioning Juppiter Optimus ‘Maximus and Silvanus, often in conjunction with other deities (c. g. Juno, Minerva, Neptune), are found in Pannonia, in Sirmium’ Gorsium,? Aquincum, and Carnuntum? The authors owe deep gratitude to Professor Werner Eck who carefully rea the paper and provided helpful suggestions and advice. "S,Ferantig—O,Pever,Dvededikaije Jupteu iz Narodnog muzsja u Sapo, Museum (Goditnjak Narodog muceiaw Sapeu The Annual ofthe National Museum in Sabac) 72006, 25-32. 2 Arheotash spomenicinalacitiaw Srbif I Zapadna Srbija, Boogead 1953, 16; |. Popovig, Notes topographiques sr la ‘on limitrophe entre la Pannonie Second et la Msc Premitre, Roman Limes onthe Middle and Lower Danube, Belgrade 1996, 137 3g CILI118497 = 6370 Cerin, Dalmatia): M PHL CLEME. 4 CHL MI 3493. 3495, 3502. 465.4305. 10383. 11003; /LJug 311; RIU 472.757, 943,975,976, 1094; AE 1903, 385; 1937, 206; 1968, 4; 1979, 864; 1992, 1416, 5A, Stein, REL A 1927, 123, 5v. Silvanus. On Silvas’ cult in Pannonia cf. Mécsy, Pannonia and Upper Moesia. A History ofthe Middie Danube Provinces ofthe Roman Empire, Lonson-Bosten 1974, 251 sg © AE 1994, 1406; lappiter Optimus Maximus et deus Silvanus; 1430: Iuppter Optimus Maximus et Silvanus ceter’ dit deaegue 7 RIU 1529: uppiter Optimus Maximus et Silvanus Domesticus. 8 AE 1976, $50: luppiter Optimus Maximus luno Regina Neptunus Silvanus ° CIL IIL 4410; luppiter Oprimus Maximus Iuno Minerva Silvanus Domesticus.246 S. Ferjaneié - 0. Pelcer ~ M. Babié j 2. Altar of fimestone, with moulding above and below. The Upper front partis decorated with an eight-leaved rosette meas- uring 12 cm in diameter. The left and right sides are decorated ‘with acroteria and grapes between them. Dimensions: 92 x 40 x 28.5 om. Letter height: 4-5 em; small letters: O in lines 3 and 4, V in line 6 (2 em) and E in line 7 (3 cm). The eighth Jine is inscribed on the plinth. The altar was found at Crkvina in Gratanica, in the district of Ljubovija in Serbia (province of Dalmatia), in the ruins of a church. It was in the church yard in Graéanica till 1975 when it was transferred to the National ‘museum in Sabac (inv. no. A 303). Kovi) Otptimo) M(aximo) Ful(guratori or -minatori) | K. Patricius | et Paula (!) pro | incolumital’te sua suorulmque pridie | Nonas Septembre. In the area of Ljubovija no significant Roman settlement is attested. However, there might be some traces of Roman for- tifications on several sites in the vicinity of Ljubovija! This region has yielded a small number of Roman inscriptions.'" The site Gratanica lies on the foothills of the Sokolska moun- tain and on this mountain and the neighbouring Jagodnja (on e ae the sites of Postenje and TreSnjica) some traces of ancient, pos- sibly Roman mine-works were discovered? Ifthe lead mines in the area were exploited in Roman times, they might have been under the administration of the procuratores in Domavia. Although the boundaries of the Domavian district are not known, epigraphic evidence implies that it encompassed the right bank of the river Drina, A dedication from Uzovnica records the Genius collegii salutaris attested in mining regions and another inscription from Jezeviea mentions an arcarius fisci Dalmatic.'*It is conceivable, therefore, that Gratanica belonged to the mining district of Domavia. The altar is dated on September 4", the beginning of the Ludi Romani. These games were dedicated to Jupiter Optimus Maximus.!* Although the year femins unknown, certain palaeographie features seem to point to the II century AD. The leter L with the horizontal stroke slanting downward below the bottom of the line of writing appeared by the end of the TI century AD. It is fairly common in the neighbour: ing province of Upper Moesia from the end of IIT and the beginning of the IV century AD.'° but itis also attested in the IIT century? Tn the province of Dalmatia, the abbreviated epithet Ful is only recorded on the III century dedication from Prilipac, near Pozega, at its eastern border!® It could be interpreted in various ways. According to TOM, Garakanin =D. Garafanin, Avheoloska nalacista w Srbij, Beograd, 1951, 119: Durinska Stena, Nemié, Curimok. 11 CL tH 14165 (Ljubovie). 8365 (between Selanac and Volivica); H.Jug 83 = CLL 12739412740 (Tegare). Lug 1554 (Woljaviea). 1468. 1469 (zavnica). 1467. 1470 (Gornja Bukovica. 120, Davies, Roman mines in Europe, Oxford 1935, 195. 13 71 Jug 1468 (Uaovnica). 475 (lefeviea). On the boundaries of Domavian district ef $. Dusanié, Aspects of Roman Mining in Noricum, Pannonia, Dalmatia and Moesia Superior, ANRW IL6, Berlin-New York, 1977, 68 n. 83. 14 G, Wissowa, Religion und Kultus der Rimer, Munchen, 1902, 509; . Herz, Untersuchungen der Romischen Kaiserceit nach datterten Weil und Ehreninschriften I, Mainz 1973, 267; RE Suppl.V 617-620. 15, and A-E, Gordon, Contributions to the Palaeography of Latin Inscriptions, Berkeley axl Los Angeles 1957, 106, 16, Petrovie, Paleografia rimskih narpisa u Gomjaj Mes Beograd 1975. U1. 17. yon Promersein ~ N. Vali, Antike Denkmiler in Serbien, Jahreshefte des Osterreichischen Archdiologischen Institurs 3.1900, BDI. 106, n° 1 (@ CHL HI 8095 Prahovo}: Bb. 125, n? 22 = CIL IT 12663 = ZMS 135 Singidunuen; Bb. 159, 1° 56 (= IMS 124 Kosma)) 18 Jug 1493New Inscriptions from Pannonia and Dalmatia 247 Apuleius from Madaurus Jupiter is called both Fulgurator and Fulminaror:!9 Epigraphic evidence provides ‘numerous similar epithets: Fulguralis, Fulgor, Fulgur, Fulmen, Fulminans and Fulminaris29 Al these epi- thets are attributed to Jupiter as god of thunder and lightning.21 Considering the frequency of these epithets, the abbreviation Fu in our inscription should be read as Fullminator) or Ful(gurator). The letter K at the beginning of line 2 could be interpreted in two ways. It might be considered as a fur- ther epithet of Jupiter or, more likely, as an abbreviated personal name. The first possibility is corroborated by a dedication Movi) O(ptimo) Mfaximo) Fulfminatori) Cons(ervatori) found at Philippi in Macedonia 22 Consequently, our altar could have been dedicated to H(ovi) O(ptimo) Maximo) Ful(guratori, -minatori) Kionservatori). The alteration of the letters C and K is fairly common in Roman inscriptions 23 The letter K however could represent a personal name. It might stand for Patricius’ praenomen, Kaius) ie. Glaius).25 The other possiblity isa radically abbreviated gentilicium, Ki )25 ‘Whether the letter K is interpreted as an epithet of Jupiter ora personal name, the altar was erected by Patricius and his wife or daughter Paula. It offers no evidence on their origin. The name Patricius occurs both as a nomen gentite26 and cognomen.2” Frequent in the Iberian provinces, itis attested for the first time in Dalmatia either as a personal name or as a cognomen.28 3. Well preserved altar of limestone with moulding above and below. The upper part is decorated with rosettes and ivy leaves in front and on both sides. Dimensions: 97.5 x 51.5x 34 em, Letter height: 5.7 em in line 1,except O which is 6 em, 4 cm in line 2, 3 em in lines 3-7, The altar was found in Skelani on the river Drina (province of Dalmatia) {in 2000 during a burial ata local cemetery and transferred to the Museum of Semberija in Bijeljina in 2003. Hovi) Olptimo) Maximo) | M. Luccius | Valens >(cen- turio) coh(ortis) | 1 mil(iariae) cum M. Luccio Fronltone filo | Iibens) m(erito) plosuit) ‘The altar was dedicated by the auxiliary centurion M. Lucciuss Valens and his son M. Luceius Fronto, The name of Valens’ unit is given as cohors I milliaria in lines 3-4. It should be identified with cohors I milliaria Detmatarum, the only unit bearing the number J and the ttle milliaria stationed in Dalmatia. It is already styled as cohors J mit- sv. Tuppter; RE X-1, 1130 sq. 83. luppiter insowa. Religion und Kultus der Romer (n. 14), 106 59. G. Radke, Die Gorter Alitaliens, Minster 1965, 156 sq REX-1, 1130 54.8; Iuppiter, 22 Ak 1939, 193, 25 Cf Cll IL Indices p. 2572, 2676 ILS II p.178sq..8225q.G. Alfa, Altar eines Beneizars in: Boleske.Romische Inschrifien und Funde. In memoriam Sandor Soproni (1926-1995), Budapest 2003, 224, 2 Cl. CHL XIV 3242 (Proeneste.Kiaius)Satricanits) Kai ius, CHL XIV 3239 (Praeneste Caius) Satricanitus) Kai fils). 25 For numerous genilicia beginning with C ef. Onomasticon Provinciarum Europae Latinarum Vol. Il, Wien 1999. A similar case of radically abbreviated nomen gentile is attested in Dalmatia, at Luzae, near Berane, [Lug 1816: L( ) Marcus. 26 H. Solin -O, Salomies, Repertoriun nominum genttum et cognominum Latinorum, HildesbeimZirich-New York 1994, 139; OPEL IIL 128, 27 Kajanto, The Latin Cognoming, Helsinki 1965, 313; OPEL 1M 128, 28 OPEL. IM 128248 S. Ferjanvi¢— O. Pelcer — M. Babié {aria in inscriptions from Promona, Klis and Salona29 Cohors I milliaria Delmatarum is attested for the firs time in 170 AD when it participated in the building of the fortifications of Salona It is usually pre- sumed that the unit was raised by Marcus Aurelius at the beginning of the Marcomanic wars! Danubian and Balkan provinces, as well as Italy, were under barbarian attacks. The Mareomanni and Quadi, hav- ing breached the Danubian limes, were besieging Aquileia, Iazyges were pillaging Dacia and Costoboci stormed across the eastern part of Balkan Peninsula, all the way to Greece. Since the Empire was stricken by plague, it was necessary to reinforce the army and Marcus Aurelius raised auxiliary units among Darda- nian and Dalmatian fatrones;3 According to Wilkes and Alfoldy the newly formed cohorts T and 1 mil- liaria Delmatarum were stationed in Dalmatia, in Promona and the vicinity of Caéak respectively. * Judging by archaeological and epigraphic evidence there was a significant Roman settlement at Ske- Jani. The remains of a basilica, a tilery and sanctuaries (for the Capitoline Triad, Silvanus, Liber and Mars) as well as numerous inscriptions were discovered since the end of 19th century5 Modern scholars believe that the municipium at Skelani was established before 158 AD, possibly during the reign of the Flavian dynasty or under Hadrian 36 The name of the municipium is not known. Wilkes suggested that it might have been Gendis3? while Bojanovski opted for the municipium Malvesiatium.8 Epigraphic evidence testi fies to the existence of a beneficiarii consularis station at Skelani>? ‘The fact that the altar was dedicated by the centurion M. Luceius Valens and his son implies a pro- difficult to explain. He might have been a veteran who decided to settle in the municipium after honesta missio. One must not completely discard the possibility that Valens performed some duty in Skelani during his military service. The name of M. Lucius Valens or his son offers no clues on the centurion’s origin. The Latin name Luccius, mentioned in Dalmatia for the first time, is attested in Rome and sporadically in the western and Balkan provinces These three inscriptions represent a small but welcome addition to the corpus of Roman inscriptions from Pannonia and Dalmatia. longed stay of our officer at Skelani, but his presence there SneZana Ferjanti¢, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Ancient History, Cika Ljubina 18-20, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia. sferjanc@fibg.ac.rs Olga Peleer. opeleer@I.bg.ac.ss Mirko Bubié, Muscum of Semberija, Karadjordjeva 20, 76300 teol.net jena, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2 CAL U1 2006 (Salona) 9829 (Promons) 14700 (Ki. 3 CILILI9T9, 31 5.5. Wilkes, Dalmatia, London 1968, Il, 473; G. AlfOly, Die Auxiliatuppen der Provinz Dalmatien, Ronse Heeresgeschiche, Betrge 1962-1985, Amstertam 1987, 252 SECK.A.R. Bisley. in: The Cambridge Ancient History XL: The High Empire, A.D. 70-192, 172 99, SSCL HA, Mare. 21,7 54 34 Alfoldy,Auxlirtuppen (3,282, 25C.Patsch, Arehiologisch-pigraphische Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der mischenProvine Dalmatia VIL, WRABIT 11 (1909), 140 sqqs 1. Bojanovski, Muncipium Malvesatium (ArbeoloSko-opografska rasprae), Arhcolait radi irasprave 6 ,1968,254: Idem, Bosna i Hercegovina w antgko doba, Sarajevo 1988, 182. Inscriptions from Skelani: A and J. Sel, Lug 80-81, 1522-1537, 1539-1541, 1543-1553, 1565, 26 G.Alfoldy, Bevéiherung und Gesellschaft der romischen Provin (0.31), 280. 37 Wilkes, Dalmatia (a. 31), 280. 38 1 Bojanovski, Bosna i Hercegovina (a 35), 179 stating the existence of the odo decurionum and abaslca aswell a numerous inscriptions of beneficiartconsularis. According to F. Papazoplou, Le municipium Malvesatium et son teste, iva Anvika 7 (1957), 15 sqq. muncipium Malvesatium shouldbe identified with Visibaba near Podega in western Serbia Cf. ako G. Alfldy, Delmatien (36), 153; Wilkes, Dalmatia (31), 283 3 On the station ef. Wilkes, Dalmatia (n. 31), 125; J Nelis-Clément, Les benfiviaril: Miltaies et adminisrateurs au service de 'Empire (Fs. a.C.~ VIS, .C:), Bordeaux 2000, 186; inscriptions: CBI 455-458, 471-475, 40 Ci VL ndices fase. 119: OPEL I 3 .almatien, Budapest 1965, 154; Wilkes, DalmatiaINHALT. Abascal, J. M.—Garefa Bueno, C., Inscripciones de Fuencaliente (addendum a ZPE 67, 1987) y Puebla de Don Rodrigo (Baetica, conventus Cordubensis) Arbabzadah, M.,.A Note on the Bilingual Curse Tablet from Barchin del Hoyo (Spain) Babi¢, M. — Ferjanéié, S, — Pelcer, O., New Inscriptions from Pannonia and Dalmatia Baplu, N.—Huys, M.,. PBouriant 1, fol. I-V: Re-edition and Commentary of the Syllabie Word-lists Barnes, T. D.,,The Persian Sack of Antioch in 253 Battistoni, F., Missing Relative? Blok, J. H.—Lambert, S. D., The Appointment of Priests in Attic gene Bldmel, W.—Habieht, C. — Brennan, T. C., Ehren fir Cn, Domitius Calvinus in Nysa Brennan, T. C.—Habicht, C.—Bltimel, W., Ehren fiir Cn, Domitius Calvinus in Nysa Biiyiikkolanci, P, — Gronewald, M.— Engelmann, H., Grabepigramm auf den Sklaven Hyllos Costanza, S., Melampo, le Pretidi e il z64os di Era nel Catalogo esiodeo Deligiannakis, G., A New consularis from the Province Insulae? Di Giuseppe, H., Un Romanius sacerdos evergete a Bantia. Contributi epigrafici e archeologici alla storia della cittd Di Marco, M., Un epigramma-indovinello su tavoletta cerata (T. British Museum inv. 29527 = Pond. Lit. 63 LDAB 5055) Eck, W., Revision lateinischer Inschriften aus Jerusalem Engelmann, H. ~ Buylikkolancs, P, ~ Gronewald, M.,. Grabepigramm auf den Sklaven Hyllos Ferjandié, S. - Pelcer, 0. ~ Babié, M., New Inscriptions from Pannonia and Dalmatia Gareja Bueno, C.—Abascal, J. 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