SELECT Syntax

SELECT
[ALL | DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW ]
[HIGH_PRIORITY]
[STRAIGHT_JOIN]
[SQL_SMALL_RESULT] [SQL_BIG_RESULT] [SQL_BUFFER_RESULT]
[SQL_CACHE | SQL_NO_CACHE] [SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS]
select_expr [, select_expr ...]
[FROM table_references
[WHERE where_condition]
[GROUP BY {col_name | expr | position}
[ASC | DESC], ... [WITH ROLLUP]]
[HAVING where_condition]
[ORDER BY {col_name | expr | position}
[ASC | DESC], ...]
[LIMIT {[offset,] row_count | row_count OFFSET offset}]
[PROCEDURE procedure_name(argument_list)]
[INTO OUTFILE 'file_name'
[CHARACTER SET charset_name]
export_options
| INTO DUMPFILE 'file_name'
| INTO var_name [, var_name]]
[FOR UPDATE | LOCK IN SHARE MODE]]

JOIN Syntax
table_references:
table_reference [, table_reference] ...

table_reference:
table_factor
| join_table

table_factor:
tbl_name [[AS] alias] [index_hint_list]
| table_subquery [AS] alias
| ( table_references )
| { OJ table_reference LEFT OUTER JOIN table_reference
ON conditional_expr }

join_table:
table_reference [INNER | CROSS] JOIN table_factor [join_condition]
| table_reference STRAIGHT_JOIN table_factor
| table_reference STRAIGHT_JOIN table_factor ON conditional_expr
| table_reference {LEFT|RIGHT} [OUTER] JOIN table_reference join_condition
| table_reference NATURAL [{LEFT|RIGHT} [OUTER]] JOIN table_factor

join_condition:
ON conditional_expr
| USING (column_list)

index_hint_list:
index_hint [, index_hint] ...

index_hint:
USE {INDEX|KEY}
[{FOR {JOIN|ORDER BY|GROUP BY}] ([index_list])
| IGNORE {INDEX|KEY}
[{FOR {JOIN|ORDER BY|GROUP BY}] (index_list)
 | FORCE {INDEX|KEY}
[{FOR {JOIN|ORDER BY|GROUP BY}] (index_list)

index_list:
index_name [, index_name] ...

INSERT Syntax
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]
[INTO] tbl_name [(col_name,...)]
{VALUES | VALUE} ({expr | DEFAULT},...),(...),...
[ ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
col_name=expr
[, col_name=expr] ... ]
# Or
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]
[INTO] tbl_name
SET col_name={expr | DEFAULT}, ...
[ ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
col_name=expr
[, col_name=expr] ... ]
# Or
INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]
[INTO] tbl_name [(col_name,...)]
SELECT ...
[ ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
col_name=expr
[, col_name=expr] ... ]

UPDATE Syntax
# Single-table syntax:
UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_reference
SET col_name1={expr1|DEFAULT} [, col_name2={expr2|DEFAULT}] ...
[WHERE where_condition]
[ORDER BY ...]
[LIMIT row_count]

# Multiple-table syntax:
UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_references
SET col_name1={expr1|DEFAULT} [, col_name2={expr2|DEFAULT}] ...
[WHERE where_condition]

DELETE Syntax
# Single-table syntax:

DELETE [LOW_PRIORITY] [QUICK] [IGNORE] FROM tbl_name

[WHERE where_condition]
[ORDER BY ...]
[LIMIT row_count]

# Multiple-table syntax:
DELETE [LOW_PRIORITY] [QUICK] [IGNORE]
tbl_name[.*] [, tbl_name[.*]] ...
FROM table_references
[WHERE where_condition]

# Or:
 DELETE [LOW_PRIORITY] [QUICK] [IGNORE]
FROM tbl_name[.*] [, tbl_name[.*]] ...
USING table_references
[WHERE where_condition]

REPLACE Syntax
REPLACE [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED]
[INTO] tbl_name [(col_name,...)]
{VALUES | VALUE} ({expr | DEFAULT},...),(...),...

# Or:
REPLACE [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED]
[INTO] tbl_name
SET col_name={expr | DEFAULT}, ...

# Or:
REPLACE [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED]
[INTO] tbl_name [(col_name,...)]
SELECT ...