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Chuyen de Thiet Ke Duong Trong Civil 3D
Chuyen de Thiet Ke Duong Trong Civil 3D
Ở đây không đi sâu vào phân tích địa hình và khai thác các thuộc tính của nó. Chúng ta có
thể tự tìm hiểu thêm trong tài liệu lớp chuyên đề qui hoạch chiều cao đã đề cập.
Tiếp theo chúng ta xem xét vấn đề tiêu chuẩn thiết kế và quay siêu cao như thế nào.
Trong đó:
Thiết kế đường đỏ
Trong Tab Assemblies, đã có sẵn những mặt cắt ngang, click vào đối tượng đó và kéo ra
nền cad sẽ tạo ra mặt cắt ngang với các thông số hình học và loại vật liệu mạc định ban đầu.
Tạo mới một mặt cắt ngang như sau: Chọn menu Corridors/Create Assembily…, xuất
hiện hộp thoại Create Assembily, đặt tên là mat cat 1, chọn OK.
Tùy theo vào yêu cầu thiết kế mà chọn ra các kiểu áo đường, bó vỉa, phân cách, taluy…
thích hợp để gán cho Assembily đó. Mỗi một loại Subassemblies đều có những đặc điểm
riêng, dùng cho từng yêu cầu nhất định, chẳng hạn như loại đường có siêu cao, mở rộng bụng
trong đoạn cong, đường ngoài đô thị, trong đô thị, đường có giải phân cách…
Có thể tham khảo các thuộc tính này trong thư mục C:/ program/ Civil 3D 2010/ Help/
C3DStockSubassemblyHelp.pdf.
Ví dụ khai báo áo đường kiểu Subassemblies LaneOutsideSuper:
Các thuộc tính trong Properties của Subassemblies đó có thể tìm hiểu thêm trong file
pdf đã nêu ở trên. Đây là loại Subassemblies có thề tự động quay siêu cao khi vào đường
cong và được sử dụng cho tất cả các loại đường.
Chọn Alignment
Xuất hiện hộp thoại Create Corridor, chọn set Targets để tham chiếu với bề mặt tự
nhiên
Click trong Frequency để chỉnh khoảng cách các cọc trong tuyến, ví dụ ngoài đường
cong cắm 20m, trong đường cong và đoạn nối siêu cao cắm 10m…
Trong Sample Line Creation methods mạc định ban đầu là At a Station cho phép add
từng Sample Line trên mặt bằng tuyến, Chọn From corridor stations cho phép tạo hàng loạt các
sample line theo các cọc đã định trên Corridor ban đầu:
Nhãn cho các Sample Lines sẽ dùng để ghi cọc cho tuyến giống như trên trắc dọc:
Xuất hiện hộp thoại Sample Line Lables, chọn Section Name và Add
Nhãn được tạo ra mạc định lấy tên theo lý trình, có thể sửa bằng cách đổi tên Sample Line
trong ToolSpace.
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Chuyên đề thiết kế đường trong Civil 3D
Đối với đường thẳng có khoảng cách các cọc đều nhau, có thể tạo nhãn nhanh bằng cách
thêm tiền tố trước Sample Line Number trong hộp thoại Text Component Editer – Contents
Chọn Create Section View, chương trình tự động xuất trắc ngang theo mẫu mạc định. Từ
đây, chúng ta sẽ chỉnh sửa nhãn của nó theo các bản vẽ ở VN.
Trong hộp thoại Text Component Editor lần lượt gán thêm các thuộc tính…
Từ đường phía trên của Assemblies trong mặt cắt ngang, chọn Edit Lable
Tạo các đường gióng bằng cách Add line trong hộp thoại Lable Style Composer
Trong Type là Grade Breaks tạo thêm nhãn mới đặt tên là cam co, Add Block tên
co vừa tạo ra trong Tab Layout
Tạo dốc ngang bằng cách Add thêm nhãn Percent Grade theoType Segments.
Trong hộp thoại Section View Properties, tạo nhãn mới đặt tên là CDTN.
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Chuyên đề thiết kế đường trong Civil 3D
Quá trình hiệu chỉnh trên đối với một mặt cắt ngang điển hình. Để tạo ra cho tất cả các mặt cắt
ngang còn lại, ta làm như sau:
Trong hộp thoại Section View Properties, chọn Save as band set…
Chọn sectionView Group…, trong Change Band Set, chọn Import Band set tên cat ngang
vừa tạo ra.
Kết quả sau khi gán các nhãn cho toàn bộ mặt cắt ngang như sau:
Do your Subassembly names disappear whenever you use the subassembly commands
“Copy to”, “Move to”, or “Mirror”?
The issue lies with the subassembly naming template. I don’t know if others out there in
blog land knew this but using “<[Subassembly Local Name]>” is no good.
To fix the issue change your naming template to use “<[Macro Short Name]>” (see below).
The same name is provided but now when you copy, move, or mirror the names don’t
disappear.
You also know that the Automatic boundary doesn’t always happen depending on certain
conditions. So you installed Civil 3D 2010 because you heard about this new fantastic
boundary method known as “Corridor extents as outer boundary”. You opened your
corridor properties only to discover that the option isn’t where it’s supposed to be. Follow
the jump to find it.
This option only exists when your corridor has multiple baselines. CRUD! Enter the
workaround.
Just add another baseline to your corridor. That’s it. Don’t add any regions to it, just an
empty baseline. Go back to your boundaries tab and voila, you can add the extents
boundary.
Based on some of the comments from the previous post, I am going to take a couple of steps
ahead and cover creating a custom variable that can be passed to the Parts List in Civil 3D.
This post is assuming you already understand the basics of Part Builder and know how to
model a structure. If not don’t worry, we will be getting back to the basics in Part 3.
Step One (Note: it is very important that these steps be followed in exact order), click the
options button at the top of the Content Builder as shown.
In the Options dialog box check the Custom Sizing Flag and click OK. What this does is
allow the ability for us to create a custom variable and then later adjust that variable in the
xml files that will allow the custom variable to be visible in the Part List. This is an
important step, because we can still create the custom variable in Part Builder, but if this
option is not checked then certain information for that variable will never come through
after editing the xml files and then never be available in the Parts List.
Step Two, create the initial variable. In the Content Builder go to Model Parameters right
click and select Edit.
In the Model Parameters click New and you will get the following dialog box.
In this example I am creating a parameter that I will use for an inline reducer structure I
created. I am already using SID, the Inner Structure Diameter for the diameter coming
into the structure. So I need another parameter for the reducing diameter coming out of
the structure so that I will be able to create multiple part sizes in Parts List from a single
structure. Make sure you keep in mind or write down the exact name and description of
the new parameter just created, because we will need to add that exactly as it is here in one
of the xml files. For now just use a constant value for the Equation because we will modify
this in the Size Parameters.
Step three, modify the size parameters. Right click on Size Parameters, as show below, and
select Edit Configuration.
In the Parameter Configuration dialog box, shown below, find your new variable. We will
want to modify this variable here as much as we can to be what we want so there will be
less to do in the xml files
In my variable RID, the Reducing Inner Diameter, I have changed the Data Storage type
from a constant to a List, that way I can go into the values for this variable and add all the
sizes that I will use to create this part in Parts List. We also want to change the Visible
attribute from False to True; this is part of what will allow us to see this variable in the
Parts List when adding sizes. Now look at the Context and Index Attributes for this
variable, shown above in the box, these are the pieces of information that we will need to
modify in the xml files that will allow the variable to pass to the Parts List. You’ll notice
that in the context of this variable that it is calling it a Model Distance Parameter, where
the other variables have a specific context matching the variable itself. This is because the
context for this variable does not exist in the xml file, so we are going to have to add it. Also
you will notice the Index of this variable is set to 1, were the others that pass to the Parts
List are 0, we will have to modify this as well in the xml file.
Step four, edit the xml files. Make sure you save your structure and exit Part Builder, and
close Civil 3D before we edit the xml files. Once everything is saved and closed there are
two xml files we need to edit. The first will be the xml file for the structure itself which will
be located in …/Pipes Catalog/US Imperial Structures/Your Chapter/Reducer.xml, where
… is the location on your system for the Pipes Catalog and Your Chapter is the chapter
you created at the time you created or saved the initial structure. The second xml file to
edit will be …/Pipes Catalog/Aecc Shared Content/AeccPartParamCfg.xml, this is the xml
file that will read the context of the structure and eventually allow us to pass this variable
to the Parts List.
Find your new variable as shown highlighted above. Then find the context and index for
this variable also shown highlighted above. Change the context to be something similar to
the description with no spaces, for this variable I used “StructReduceDiameter”. Then
change the index to “0”. Remember to keep the parenthesis on these attributes. Save and
close the xml file.
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Chuyên đề thiết kế đường trong Civil 3D
In this xml file the new variable does not exist, so we have to create it in two places. In this
case the easiest thing to do is find a variable that is similar to the one you created; the RID
variable is similar to the SID variable. Do a search for SID copy the line and paste into a
new line as shown highlighted above. Edit the variable name, description and context to
match what is in the structure xml file.
Find the Structure Domain towards the bottom of the xml file or do a search for the
context of the variable that is similar to the one you created. It is very important in this
step to make sure we add the context of the new variable in the appropriate Domain type.
In the case of the inline reducer, I created it as a Junction Structure, so I added the context
of “StructReduceDiameter” in the Junction Structure category, as highlighted above. Save
and close the xml file.
The final step is to verify that everything works. Reopen your structure in Part Builder and
go to the Size Parameters, Edit Configuration.
ou will see by the highlighted information above that the Context and Index of the variable
is now reading the information that we edited in the xml files. Exit Part Builder and go to
your Parts List in Civil 3D add the Part Family for the structure if not already in your list
and go to Add Part Size.
You will see by the highlighted information that our custom variable is now available in
Parts List.
NotePad++ ~ this is a Notepad or Wordpad replacement that has good xml editing tools
Download: (choose npp.5.4.5.Installer.exe) http://sourceforge.net/projects/notepad-
plus/files/
Detailed Info: http://notepad-plus.sourceforge.net/uk/site.htm
NOTE: Before you start make sure you save a copy of the C3DPipeRules.dvb to another location
to easily go back to the original state.
To do this open up the Visual Basic Editor after you have worked with a pipe (working with a
pipe should load the C3DPipeRules.dvb file automatically). This post has more information on
how to load Visual Basic files. Go to the CoverAndSlope Module and scroll down to the Public
Sub ApplyWithoutSurface routine, to the part that is below:
You can change the dNewPipeZ = 0 (Line 5), to a new value or we can change it to prompt the
user for the elevation they want to use. The new line could be the following:
If you then create a pipe network you will see that we have two problems with the change of
prompting the user for the invert elevation. The first is the invert elevation of the first pipe is not
the same as the one we entered into the program and the second is that it asks you again to enter
the invert elevation at the end of laying out the network.
The first problem is explained in the code shown above, it is setting the starting elevation to the
minimum cover as told in the programming notes. To correct this remove lines 8 and 13 from the
code above and change the negative sign and the word outer in lines 9 & 14 to a positive and
Inner. I suggest using a ‘ before the line to remove it and adding a note to explain why you did
the change so you can easily go back at a future date and reverse the revision. The
oPipe.Endpoint.Z and oPipe.StartPoint.Z refer to the center of the pipe.
The next change we have to make is to get the program to not ask you what the invert elevation
is the second time. To accomplish this we are going to add an If Then statement around where it
is setting the starting elevation. So right after line 5 add:
If oPipe.StartPoint.Z = 0 Then
After line 16 put End If. So the finished code should look something like this:
2: ‘ then the last elevation has not been set in the network state
4: ‘ This portion was revised to allow the user to input the starting elevation instead of
6: ‘
8: ‘ To get the program to not ask us for the elevation again we will check to see if the start point
z is zero
9: If oPipe.StartPoint.Z = 0 Then
11:
13: ‘ Line below removed to allow the user to provide the invert elevation.
15: ‘ The + was a negative sign and Inner was Outer to get invert of the pipe instead of the top
of pipe.
17:
19: ‘ Line below removed to allow the user to provide the invert elevation.
21: ‘ The + was a negative sign and Inner was Outer to get invert of the pipe instead of the top
of pipe.
23:
24: End If
25: End If
26:
27:
29: ‘
30: Else
31:
36: End If
37:
38: End If
If you want to go back to the old way just copy over the changed C3DPipeRules.dvb and it
should be back to the original state. You can download a hacked version here if you’d like to
review.
Hi all - this design scenario came up a few weeks ago, funny enough from two different sources,
in Europe and North America. How do you design an Assembly that in cut conditions daylights
from the hinge point and has two parts (see below); first a variable dimension (x) and then a
second part with a fixed dimension (y)? As you may know, at first glance Assemblies can only
have a variable dimension on the "last" daylight portion, where you just tell the Subassembly to
find the surface wherever it is. This seems impossible - how could we achieve this?
Look at the X and Y portions in the first graphic and compare - any ideas? We DO need to start
with a fixed variable and end with a link to find the surface, but here's another hint - you can
create Links as construction items and use the "Omit Link" property. Stumped? Let's take the
design criteria and combine it with the parallelogram concept to get a solution!
Part 1
Use a LinkWidthAndSlope to create a fixed daylight offset
Then add a LinkSlopeToSurface
Part 2 - now we are going to go "backwards" to get the links we actually want.
From the daylight point at the surface, create the same LinkWidthAndSlope, but in the opposite
direction
Then add a MarkedPoint to the end (give it a name when creating)
Now from the original hinge point, attach a LinkToMarkedPoint and provide the MarkedPoint
name
See what you have done, you have created a parallelogram! Now you need to go back to the two
subassemblies you created in Part 1, right-click and Edit Subassembly. In the Subassembly
Properties, just turn the "Omit Link" property to "Yes." Now those subassemblies are just
construction pieces and will not be drawn when you create your corridor. Perhaps now your
horizons have opened up to other possibilities - my thanks to Tomas Lendvorsky, Autodesk's
Solutions Engineer from Prague (he's a whiz with Expressions too!).
A farewell: this will be my last post on the BeingCivil blog, as I have accepted the position of
Social Media Manager in Product Support. I would like to thank you all for joining us here on
the BeingCivil blog, following us on Twitter and YouTube. BeingCivil lives on, with the critical
support of our other great authors: Almas, Jason, Justin and Seth. My congratulations as well to
Joshua Coombs, who takes over as the Technical Lead for Civil in Product Support. I wish you
all success and happiness in the coming holiday season and beyond, and finally, don't forget to
"Be Civil"!