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    38 views20 pages

    Plough Service Manual

    Uploaded by

    Skynet Sky
    plough manual massey

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    THE x MOLDBOARD | PLOW HARRY FERGUSON, INC. SERVICE MANUAL * DETROIT 3, MICHIGAN INDEX Soject, Pare ThePlowandls Pants... - - - - - 2 Plowing Terminology - aga Plow Models and Types. 5 2. 2 + ss 4 Plow Bottom Characteristics. . 2... + 4 Plow Share Classification «© 6. 6 6 2 ee 7 | Plow Share Identification ©. 0. 0. ee ee 8 Plowing Difficulties, Causes and Corrections: . . 9 Ridginge.- = “Meee oP 9 Uneven Depth and Difficult Penetration... 10 Soil Sticking to Moldboard . Feet. rT Plow Not Covering Trash = ae! Procedure for Sharpening Plow Shares... - 13 Field Checking for Proper Alignment . . . . 14 Plow Capacity Chart. 5. 2... ss 2 A? LCOnYImateT 1947 HARRY PERONEON, INC, SETI. MEO INTRODUCTION A study of the cropping practices and soil conditions on the farm permits the proper selection of a plow to obtain the benefits from good plowing. Of all che to good seed bed preparation and subsequently swecessfal farming. tillage operations, good plowing contributes more than any other A well pulverized, but firm, seed bed stimulates quick seed germination and con- trols soil temperature, aeration and plant food supply. This guarantees Freater better development and subsequently larger yields. ‘This manual has been prepared especially for the dealers’ service personuel and is to help provide a more thorough understanding of plow operation through plow selection and field adjustments. NOTE: For convenience of the render, each illustration carries the same mumber ax the page on which it appears THE MOLDBOARD PLOW TOP UNK CONNECTION eM, FRONT STRUT [CROSS SHAFT CLAP LH. REAR STAM Ls, VERTICAL STRUT: eM VERTICAL STRUT: COULTER Ste SEAT ‘SmORT BEAM: COULTER SHE LT CROSS SHAFT U Botr courer COULTER CHECK CHAD sem {ONG BEAM ——=] cnet JOMTER ABH- eaten FORK FURROW WHEEL i SORTER COULTER OSC ——$ sue — wate sprimc MOLDEOARD wneee AXLE ‘WHEEL SCRAPER Fig. 28 Model AQ-28—Two Bottom Plow Model 16A-A0-28 Weed Hooks For tall weeds ar Reavy surface residue Sixtean Inch Single Bottom Plow Fig. 28 Fig. 2¢ THE MOLDBOARD PLOW MOLDBOARD SHIN GUNNEL LANDSIDE LANDSIDE HEEL Fig, 34 Meldboard Extension THROAT CLEARANCE Fer controlling the furraw slice ‘whon plowing old sed ground. SHARE WING: g RAIN ROUING cOULTER Fig. 38 Fig. 3C Fig. 30. THE MOLDBOARD PLOW Plowing Terminology Good Plowing characteristics vary from one part ofthe country tothe other, depending upon the type of farming, but normally they are all characteristics of good seed bed preparation. Most parts of the country require that trash, or surface residue, be covered completely; while other parts, particularly the sem age is practiced, require a portion of the surface residue to be mixed with the soil. serate a few of the terms as of plowing and the plowing rid areas where sub-surface operation. ‘The plow swle, or sometimes known as hurd pan, in a layer of soil which is difficule to penetrate, and ly found near the bottom of the furrow. Thi condition normally exists when the ground is plowed year after year at the same depth, pers the fine silt that settles through thetop soil to collect and concentrate at the depth of plowing. Additional terms, which apply to the operation ofthe plow, are nosed on page 9 under the heading “Plowiog Dificulties, Causes and Corrections.” Plow Models and Types ‘The Plow model no is equipped ‘A028 is a complete plow, Fig. 2, with 167 roll- ing coulters and bottoms. x indicates how the plow ‘A0-30 is « complete plow with 18” rolling coul- ters and bottoms. 0-40 is a complete plow with 16” relling coul- ters less boccoms. ‘The plow ope number (12-B, 14-R, etc) indi ‘cates the shape and size of the plow boom. Plow Bottom Characteristics Different plowing conditions require various shapes and sizes of plow bottoms, as well as different kinds ‘of material from which they are'inade. These eondi- wir i THE MOLDBOARD PLOW tions will vary with the type of soil, moisture con- tent, and the sutface coverage, ‘The «ypes of soil will vary from close-texcured heavy clay, gumbo, black loam, mackland, to sandy soils. Clay and gumbo soils require good penetra- ion and good scouring, Sandy soils require quick turning moldboards made from abeasive resistant materials. Good! penetration depends largely upon the adjust meat aad coodit proved with the use ofthe amialler bottoms, such as: 19 of the plow, but may be im- the cea and twelve inch sizes. Greater pulverization is obtained through the use of stubble type bottoms which have quick turning moldboards and provides hetter coverage of trash in stubble ground such as corn, oats, wheat or rye stubble, The greatest resistance to soil abrasiveness is ob. tained throogh the use of chilled cast iron bottoms. ‘This material is extremely hard, and is less resistant to shock, but does not wear as rapidly as do the steel bottoms, Scouring. diffreuttic of moisture content in the soil. The shape of the are aggravated with increase Fig. 5 moklboard for good scouring is such as to create more uniform soil pressure over the moldboard, and thereby keep the soil from sti moklboards, with highly polished surfaces, are well adapted to meet these conditions. ing to it. Small ‘The funcamental characteristics of plow bottoms, which will help select the type of bottom, after the soil conditions and cropping practices have been considered, are: L. The depth of plowing should be about one: half the width of the bottom for best coverage and pulyerization, A 14” bottom will do its best work when plowing 7” deep. 2. Greater penetration is obtained from using narrow hottoms. A 10" hottom penetrates bet- ter than 16” bottoms 3. Greater coverage is obtained from using wide bottoms. A 16” bottom covers trash betcer than a 12° when working ar the same depth The Stubble “S" TYPE, Fig. 6a, bottom, has a short, quick turning moldboard, primarily for very dard! scouring conditions, THE MOLDBOARD PLOW When plowing under these conditions, the “S* “TYPE bottom covers trash better, and pulverires the soil more than other types of battoms PE, Fig. 6b, bottoms ‘The Geveral Purpose tha loag moldboard provides slow turning for ‘sod wurf, such as clover, timothy, alfalfa, and young s also more adaptable to faster tame sod ground. I plowing speeds. a ii, Fig. 68 ‘TYPE, Fig. Ge, bottoms are adapted remely difficult scouring. The Slat“ particularly for arcas of ext ‘The slats provide less moldboard surface which helps prevent the sail from stickin = Fig. 6 2, Fig. 6d, bottoms are of the Ww) ped with chilled cast ns, such as encoun= The Chilled “1 TY general purpose type, dest iron for abrasive soil com cered in sandy. gravelly, clay Fig. 6D Ge, bowom is espe “The Search “HY” TYPE, cially adapted to heavy close-textured clay soils. Tr this type soil the furrow slice is not pulverized, but and eventual turned on edge to permit aerat crumbling of the soil, which usually takes place in the winter months aftcr fall plowing, to permit _good sced bed preparation ‘The Sri and Clay'“B” TYPE, a general purpose rype for handling hesvy slay, “gumbo soils and being designed with slow turning, and good scouring features, it is well adapred for tame sod ground. “The General Parpose “A” TYPE bottom, shown, fagle plow, Fig, 2b, is very similar to the on the general purpose “R” type bottom hut has 2 sb a moldboard and turns the furrow slice quicker than ( the “R” wype. Plow Share Cla: THE MOLDBOARD PLOW Fig. 74 fication “€"—Chilled Cast Iron. For use in extremely abrasive soil condi- tions. This cast iron share will wear better than steel in sandy and voleanic ash soils. Chilled iron is grey cast iron which has been chilled ax the time it is poured into the molds. This causes a very hard and brittle iron to form in the area cooled. If broken, this chilled iron area will appear as a bright and glitering metal, Fig. 7b, in contrast with dull, daek, soft cast iron. Fig. 78 “E"—Carburized Steel. Highly resistant to wear and shock, It is provided with a good polish to scour well in sticky soil con fans, farburized steels are low carbon content steels. Steel put into a carburizing furnace and heated to a high temperature absorbs carbon on its outer surfaces. This increases the carbon content in the outer surfaces to such an extent that when the steel is hard- ‘ened the auter surfaces become hard and the center remains soft, as shawn in Fig. 7e. Fig. 76 Soft Center Stool. Used in difficult scouring areas and highly Soft-center stvels consist of three separate layers of steel. The two outer layers have a high carbon content. The center layer has a low carbon content. Three layers are hot: rolled together, which ses them into a single sheet of metal. Ducing the heat teeat ing process the two outer layers harden be- cause of the high carbon contcar, and the middle layer remains soft, see Fig. 7d. This steel provides a hard surface and a soft, due- core to withstand considerable impact without breaking. TM Fig. 7D Crucible or Forged Stecl. Used where scouring is not « problem. ough of highly resistant to shock, but not as wear-resistant to- abrasive soils, ‘Crucible or forged steel shares are made of one piece, Fig. 8a, without the hard and soft THE MOLDBOARD PLOW ieee eee layers. This steel has alower carbon content than the hard areas of the other two types ‘of steal. Fig. 84 Plow Share Identification Plow shares are usually stamped with the identifica: tion on the back side in a series of leters and num bers, such as 14” RD-AQ-121. The following in cates the purpose of each part number. ‘SIZE: fest Whole Number Indicates Width of Cut TPE: Fiest Letter Indicates Type of Bottom (MATERIAL: Second Letter Indicates Share Material CODE: Third Letter Indicates Plow Parts Fourth Letter Indicates Made ia U.S.A. ‘Last Number Indicates Part Number EXAMPLE—14" RD-AO-121 is a 14° plow share ‘of the genéril purpose type with a soft comer stecl, made in the U.S.A. part umber 121 Service Shares for A, B, H, E and | Bottoms Part Number 120 includes share, bolts and outs, 14" thick Part Number 121 includes share only, 14” thick. Part Number 130 includes share, boles ancl nuts, She" thick. part Number 131 inclades share only, 54a” thick. Service Shores for Rand $ Bottoms Part Number 120 includes share, bolts and nus, 6" thick. Part Number 121 includes share only, Sie" thick. ‘Part Namber 130—No Listing: Part Number 131—Ne tisting. sinstall shim A-AO-9570, Fig. 8b, under mold- boards, when using these service shares, o0 all hotoms except R and S type: NOTE: New plows with 34g serviceshares = have the shim installed at dhe factory, except for early mosel"S” bottoms which had the sad- dle offset. Fig. 88 Share Maintenance “The biggest secret of good plowing is proper plow share maintenance. Sharpen or replace worn shares promptly. Keep all bolts securely ight, and protect with a good rustpreventive when not im'¥se. [ee ee THE MOLDBOARD PLOW o PLOWING DIFFICULTIES, CAUSES AND CORRECTIONS Ridging Caves (AJ: The from plow cating wider or nar- owe: than the wid 6f the plow bostox. Correction: Adjust the rear tractor wheels, Fig. 4, to the narrowest spacing: 48" for 8° Tires. 52° for 10° Tires. — Fig. 9C 10° Two Bottom 975" 12" Two Bouwom 714" 14” Two Bosom 314° 16" Single Bottom 875 To adjust the width of cut, Fig.°9b, of the front base, osea the U bolts, Fig. 9e, which fasten the cross shaft to the plow. Mark the cross shaft to beam Fig. 94, for a stating point A Mf tmen on the shaft will change the width of cut 1, To increase width of cut rotate che top of the shaft forward, Fig. 10. To decrease cut, rotate the top ofthe shaft backward. Tighten the U bolts evenly and snugly. Under no circum- srances should the cross shafe he moved on the plow horizontally Locate and adjust the plow cross shaft on the left side, Fig. 9a, until the fe lowing measurements o are obtained between the beam and the shoulder at the end af the cross shaft. THE MOLDBOARD PLOW Fig, 19, Cause same level as the others One plow bottom not plowing on the Correction: Level the plow with the leveling crank, Fig. 4, until exch bottom is plowing on the same level. Occasionally it may be necessary to operate the plaw with the wing of the plow shares slightly abore the level of the plow rather than below, ‘This usually aids penetration and lightens the draft. Cours (C); Fach rolling coulter not adjusted 1 the other or one set wider than the other. Correction: Eich rolling coulter must be adjusted ‘until they are in the same relative position with For loose ground and hard scouring, soils, may be necessary t0 set the coulters about 1” toward id. This will help to maintain a clean cut he furrow wall in loose soil and increases the pres sure against the moldboard to help prevent the soil sticking to it Cause (D}: The packed soil from che tractor wheel tracks plowed by one bottom and not the other ‘This results in one farrow slice aot being pulver- ized as much as the other. rection: Soil packed by the tractor wheels is solid and with quick turning type bottoms, it is ‘not pelverized as well as that soil untouched by eractor wheels Stow turning booms such as the "R” TYPE, are ost adaptable ro this condition because the fur row slices are not pulverized as much as when using quick mrning «ype hontoms and therefore =. the different soil con: the plowed surface. Cause (€); Teregular tractor speeds. intain constant forward speeds. 2 low gear followed bya trip in secood gear will show definite ridging, Fig. 11. Uneven Depth and Difficult Penetration Couse (A: Rolling coulters set too low. Corrcetion: Normally the rolling coulter should not cut deeper than half the depth of plowing. It ae the coulter is set (00 low over the paint of the share, it will lead the plow aut of the ground and ‘Normal setting is from 34" to 34" toward the land, thereby result in insufficient penetration, When away from the plow share gunnel or landside the coulter is set tao high, ragged furrow wall cee acon wal ive cout n=l et Drm ce plan oo wl ot be ( set too wide, cut of 10 THE MOLDBOARD PLOW ry Cavs Plow shares badly wora or incorrectly sharpened. Correction: Resharpen and/or reshape the plow shares to conform ax nearly as possible to the ‘original (new) share. The dotted line, Fig. 3b, illustrates « worn share. If there is insufficient stock in the share to re- must be purchased. sharpen, a new 3 Cause (C): Plow bottoms not level. Correction: If the wing of the plow share is per- mitted to scek a level lower than the level of the plow, less penetration is available and the plow aise out of the ground. Level the plow bottoms with the leveling crank, igs 4 Cause (0}: Wide plow bottoms which have less ten» dency to penetrate than marrow bottoms. Correction: Plow bottoms may be compared to a chisel. The ider the botvom, the less chance it has to penetrate the ground, Narrow width bovoms must be used if peaeirae tion is a major problem, such as encountered in stony, hard, dry soils. NOTE: If plowing must be done under ex- tremely hard, dry or rocky conditions with the wide bottoms, penetration may be aided by curring off portion of the share at the wing, ‘This rype share is usually known as a ‘elipped swing” share. 1g to the Plow Bottoms Or Not Scouring Cause (A): Paint on the moldboard or share. Correction: All paint must be removed from soil contact surfaces. This may be done with any com- mercial paint remover of a solution of common lye and water, Ca jon must be taken to prevent the remover solutions from contacting cither the clothing or the body. W THE MOLDBOARD PLOW ‘Cause (8): Moldboard and share eusty. Correction: Most of the rusty conditions are the result of improper care during storage of the plow. A good rastipreventive should be applied after the surface is cleaned thoroughly and dried. ‘Rust may be removed by buffing the rusty area or by rubbing the area with a soft brick and oil If the rusty condition is not too bad, it may be improved by plowing « shoct time in a dry soil s0 thar the rust may be polished off. Cause (C): Rolling coulters incorscetly set Correction: Increasing the width between the roll- ing coultee and the landside tends to increase the inst the moldboard. This in- creased pressure helps to keep the soil moving soil pressure ag: and sliding along the moldboard surface without sticking, Never permit the coulter to set inside the land. Cause (0): Incorrect type bottoms heing wsed for hard scouring, soils. Correct 1 Slattype bottoms, Fig. 6c, aredesigned nsand should for extremely hard scouring cond: be used instead of the other types. ‘The""S type stubble bottom, Fig. 61, is alse pro- ‘vided for dificult scouring conditions. Attention is invited te the fact that in some areas, such as alkaline soils, the moldboard will cor- rode, or sometimes is etched, if allowed to-stand without being properly cleaned. This may be de- tected by the appearance of “soft spots.” However. there are not soft spots in the moldboard, but spots where the polish has been destroyed by action. Also, in these same areas, particularly dur- ing spring plowing, it may be advisable to plow shallow to keep away from the “plow sole” or low not Covering Trash or Stubbi Govre (A): Rolling coulter and joiner incorrectly set. Correction: Coulter should be set as close to the landside as possible to permit a clean-cut furrow wall, Fig. 4. Set the turf is earned over and thrown into the bottom of ser so that 2 small amount of stubble the farrow. Set the coulter low enough to cut all trash and roots. Caves (8): Plow not level. If the plow is not level, the furrow sor pulverized types of trash slice cannot be turned proper sulficiently to cover trash, even if covering attachments are used. Adjust the plow with the leveling crank, Fig. 4, and make certain that the top link is set in the shortest position, Cause (Cr Excessive amount of trash requi ‘weed hooks. Conrection: Large mall weeds, sweet clover, alfa etc. may he turned under and covered satisfac orily with che use of the weed hooks, Fig. 12 THE MOLDBOARD PLOW iL PROCEDURE FOR SHARPENING PLOW SHARES Shares. 1. Heat the point of the share in a blacksmith forge fire, well banked to hold the heat,to a cheery red, Heat about one-third of the point, depending upon how badly it is worn, but not more than required. With the use of blacksmith hammer and an anvil, oF other suitable dat surface, draw moar Cueance Fig. 194, poiat of the share fo as near the origiaal shape as possible, except for point suction which may be added later, Hear the cutting edge to a cherry red, in sections of about 234” along:the edge and 134” back from the edge, and draw the share to the original shape. metal should be drawn watil it has earned dark. Do not continue to draw the metal after i has darkened completely. 3. Sct the throat clearance and ground suction, Fig. 15a and Fig. 13b, reheating ix co a dull the edge of the a ward. in the point of the share by 1g the point over down: & ‘The ground suction, Fig. 13b, should be about 34! measured at che gunnel with the point and heel of the gunne! laying on the anvil “The throat clearance should be at least }4” meas- ured from the cutting edge to the anvil, Fig. 13a. ‘orexn sucron verso Hove Hs Fig. 138 ‘The wing of the share should have aw contact gedge. In other with the anvil excepeacthe © words, the share ing to make it function properly. ing does not need wing bear- 4, To temper or harden a soft center steel share, heat icuniformly and quench in a brine solution. Ic is suggested that the share be moved in and ‘out of the brine solution as the share is cooled. ‘Crucible shares or solid steel shares should not bbe quenched, but allowed to cool slowly. Chilled Cast Shares led shares should be ground with any ordi- nary emery wheel, on the top side only, to bereled edge. 13 THE MOLDBOARD PLOW FIELD CHECKING TWO BOTTOM PLOWS 3. With the use of a carpenter's square, Ievel the plow until the face of the rear botwom landside is perpendicular with the level surface, “Fig. 14b- 1. Select a level surface, about 25 59) ft, sufficient to-check all points of the plaw. Je centerline of 4, Measure the lower beam bolt hole to the level surface, “Fig. nd for reference purposes Lac, subtract 3346" call this dimension “A.” Fig. 144 2. Block up under each plow botwom (ase the same sire block for each bottom) at the position of the lower beam bolt hole, with the landside resting con the block, see Fig. 14a. No other part of the plow beitem shoal wach the block Fig. 14C 5, The accompanying chact shows the method of measuring the position of the share point, Fig. 15a, share wing, Fig. 18b and landside heel, Fig. * These 1c, by using the above dimension measurements are the sarie on both front and rear bottoms except for the lundside dimension. It is nor necessary (0 chetk the landside on the frontbottom. CHART FOR CHECKING PLOW BOTTOMS TYPE AND SIZE SHARE LANDSIDE BOTTOM, To iaeeen é % Ati 2

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