10 ul 12 13 4 15 16 7 18 19 2 2 B 4 Ss a © DECLARED IN PROPRIA PERSONA, AND NOT “PRO SE” UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT WESTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON Light Tair Be, In Propra Persona Sui urs, a Moorish American National, bth Aboriginal CASENO. and Indigenous to American Land. All Rights [to be filled in by Clerk’s Office] Reserved at all times. adie: Jury Trik:[ x]¥es No (ORG) SCOTT PARKER (021), OFC HANSON (BACKUP ‘OFFICER TO SCOTT PARKER), (OFC) JEFFREY MUNDELL. (0177, (CO) COLLEHAY, (MAGISTRATE) TERRI LUKEN, COMPLAINT FOR (MAGISTRATE) REBECCA ROBERTSON, (MAGISTRATE) VIOLATING THE RIGHTS DDAVID A. LARSON, UNKNOWN FEMALE AND MALE ATTORNEY WHO ATTEMPTED TO REPRESENT PLAINTIFF, OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE ‘CITY OF FEDERAL WAY WA (ALL AGENTS AND PRINCIPLES), FEDERAL WAY POLICE DEPARTMENT, SCORE SOUTH ‘CORRECTIONAL ENTITY (ALL AGENTS AND PRINCIPLES), Defendant(s) 1. THE PARTIES TO THIS COMPLAINT A. Plaintiff(s) Provide the information below for each plaintiff named in the complaint, Attach additional pages if needed. Name Light Taiiri Bey ‘c/o Mailing location _911 sw 314” Place Territory [Federal Way] Reoublicand Zip _Wsshingion (Republic) [980231 Telephone Number _ 19191-604-3209 COMPLAINT FOR A CIVIL.CASE -110 u 2 13 4 15 16 7 18 19 20 a 2 2B 24 ProSe 12016 B. Defendant(s) needed. Defendant No. 1 Name Job or Title (known) Street Address City and County State and Zip Code ‘Telephone Number Defendant No. 2 Name Job or Title (if known) ‘Street Address City and County State and Zip Code ‘Telephone Number Defendant No. 3 Name Job or Title (known) Street Address City and County State and Zip Code Telephone Number COMPLAINT FOR A CIVIL. CASE -2 Provide the information below for each defendant named in the complains, whether the defendant is an individual, a government agency, an organization, or a corporation. For an individual defendant, include the person's job or ttle (if known). Auach additional pages if SCOTT PARKER PRIVATE CORPORATE POLICE OFFICER EMPLOYEE _| FEDERAL WAY Corporation, WA £33325 8™ Avenue South 98003 253-835-6700 (UNKNOWN) HANSON ~ BACKUP TO SCOTT PARKER. PRIVATE CORPORATE POLICE OFFICER EMPLOYEE 33325 8" Avenue South iS FEDERAL WAY Corporation, WA = 98003 b 253-835-6700 re JEFFREY MUNDELL PRIVATE CORPORATE POLICE OFFICER EMPLOYEE 4 _| FEDERAL WAY Corporation, WA 33325 8™ Avenue South ‘98003 L 253-835-670010 ul 2 13 4 18 19 20 2 2 23 4 Pro Se 12016 Defendant No. 4 Name ‘THE FEDERAL WAY POLICE DEPARTMENT Job or Title (if known) PRIVATE CORPORATION Street Address 33225 8™ Avenue South Lae iebepaans FEDERAL WAY Corporation, WA State and Zip Code : re ‘Telephone Number oa ea 253-835-6700 i LIST OF DEFENDANTS CONTINUED ON PAGES 7 and § I. BASIS FOR JURISDICTION Federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction (limited power). Generally, only two types of cases can be heard in federal court: cases involving a federal question and cases involving diversity of citizenship of the parties. Under 28 U.S.C. § 1331, a case arising under the United States Constitution or federal laws or treaties is a federal question case. Under 28 U.S.C. § 1332, a case in which a citizen of one State sues a citizen of another State or nation and the amount at stake is more than $75,000 is a diversity of citizenship case. In a diversity of citizenship case, no defendant may be a citizen of the same State as any plaintiff. ‘What is the basis for federal court jurisdiction? (check all that apply) x Federal question X [Diversity of citizenship Fill out the paragraphs in this section that apply to this case. ‘A. Ifthe Basis for Jurisdiction Is a Federal Question List the specific federal statutes, federal treaties, and/or provisions of the United States Constitution that are at issue in this case. ‘Ale VI Gauss 1,2, and 3 of he Gonsttation For he Unite States (Repeblic) [Artie Il Section 2 ofthe Costtation For the Unite Sates (Republi) “The Amendment othe Contin Fr the Unite Sates (Repu) “The Treaty of Peace and Friendship 1786/1836 ~ Al articles and specly Ate XX, XX, nd XXII “The Decaation onthe Right OF Indigenous People ~All 46 Anis 42 USC 1986, 18 USC. 1621 PERJURY OF OATH OF OFFICE 18 USC 241 AND 242 DEPRIVATION OF RIGHTS, 16 usc COMPLAINT FOR A CIVIL CASE -310 u 12 13 4 15 16 7 18 20 a 2B 4 ProSe 12016 B. Ifthe Basis for Jurisdiction Is Diversity of Citizenship 1, The Plaintifi{s) ‘a. Ifthe plaintiffis an individual. Light Tajiri Bey The plaintiff (name) Morocco (North America) State of (name) b. Ifthe plaintiffis a corporation. ‘The plaintiff, name) is incorporated under the laws of the State of (name) Bag , is incorporated under the laws of the State of (name) and has its principal place of business in the State of (name) (Uf more than one plaintiff is named in the complaint, attach an additional page providing the: mn for each additional plaint ‘THIS LIST OF DEFENDANTS CONTINUED ON PAGES 9, 10, AND 11 1 | The Defendant(s) a. Ifthe defendant is an individual. SCOTT PARKER ‘The defendant, (name) , isa citizen of the State of (name) é - Oris acitizen of Foreign nation) | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CORPORATION (USA CORPORATION) 2. | Ifthe defendant is a corporation. The defendant, (name)| FEDERAL WAY POLICE DEPARTMENT ___| is incorporated under the laws of the State of (name) and has its principal place of business in the State of (name) UNTEDSTATES OF AMERICA Oris incorporated under the laws of (foreign nation) | conronamion.usaconrorarion | and has its principal place of business in (name)__| FEDERAL WAY, WASHINGTON, (more than one defendant is named in the complaint, attach an additional page providing the same information for each additional defendant.) COMPLAINT FOR A CIVIL CASE -410 n 12 13 14 15 16 7 19 20 2 22 23 ProSe 1 2016 3. The Amount in Controversy. ‘The amount in controversy-the amount the plai {ff claims the defendant owes or the ‘amount at stake-is more than $75,000, not counting interest and costs of court, because (explain): ‘The amount the defendants owe is more than $75,000 due to continued violations of the rights of a Natural, Living, Divine, Aboriginal Indigenous Person against the Constitution For the United States and the Treaty of 1786 and 1836 with full knowledge of the status of the Aboriginal Indigenous Person, Light Tajiti Bey, as a Moorish American National and NOT "NEGRO", “BLACK”, “COLORED” OR | “AFRICAN AMERICAN’. In total, the defendants owe $6,000,006,000,000 (Six Trillion and Six million In asset backed Private Commercial Paper). 11, STATEMENT OF CLAIM Write a short and plain statement of the claim. Do not make legal arguments, State as briefly as possible the facts showing that each plaintiff is entitled to the damages or other relief sought, State how each defendant was involved and what each defendant did that caused the plaintiff harm or violated the plaintiff's rights, including the dates and places of that involvement or conduct. If more than one claim is asserted, number each claim and write a short and plain statement of each claim in a separate paragraph. Attach additional pages if needed. Light Tajr Bey is entitled to all claims and relief sought from the events dated October 10, 2017, and December 10, 2017 through January 4, 2018 because the Defendants did illegally violate her repeatedly and continue to do so while knowing that she is a Natural Divine Aboriginal Indigenous Moorish American National inthe following ways: October 10, 2017 SCOTT PARKER and (UNKNOWN) HANSON violated Light Taji Bey by detaining her against her wil, threatening her, issuing illegal charges, denationalizing her, human trafficking her and participating her holding her for ransom. CONTINUED ON PAGES 11...... TV. RELIEF [State briefly and precisely what damages or other relief the plaintiff asks the court to order. Do not make legal arguments. Include any basis for claiming that the wrongs alleged are continuing at the present time. Include the amounts of any actual damages claimed for the acts alleged and the basis for these amounts. Include any punitive or exemplary damages claimed, the amounts, CITY OF FEDERAL WAY ~ $2,000,000,000,000. FEDERAL WAY POLICE DEPARTMENT -$2,000,000,000,000. ‘SCORE SOUTH CORRECTIONAL ENTITY ~$2,000,000,000. EACH OF THE 9 INDIVIDUAL DEFENDANTS - $2,000,000 AND IMMEDIATE RECUSAL OF OFFICE. ALL DEFENDANTS LOSE ALL RIGHTS AND PROPERTY AND IMMEDIATE IMPRISONMENT FOR LIFE. Defendants continue to threaten and pursue ILLEGAL charges (case No. ‘720714482 AND 721201571) from these same two events in violation ofthe Constitutionally secured rights of ' Natural, Living, Divine, Aboriginal, Indigenous Person in violation of the Constitution For the United States. and the Treaty of Pace and Friendship 1836. V. CERTIFICATION AND CLOSING Under Federal Rule of Ci Procedure 11, by signing below, I certify to the best of my knowledge, information, and belief that this complais 1) is not being presented for an improper COMPLAINT FOR A CIVIL CASE - 5Prose 1 2016 | purpose, such as to harass, cause unnecessary delay, or needlessly increase the cost of litigation; (2) is supported by existing law or by a nonfrivolous argument for extending, modifying, or reversing existing law; (3) the factual contentions have evidentiary support or, if specifically so identified, will likely have evidentiary support after a reasonable opportunity for further investigation or discovery; and (4) the complaint otherwise complies with the requirements of Rate 1. ‘Lagree to provide the Clerk's Office with any changes to my address where case-related pin yesh i i in car gn np in | Clerk's Office may result in the dismissal of my case. me IANUARY 12,2018 Sigmiureof Phin _< SEESET Printed Name of Plaintiff Light Tajiri Bey Date of signing: Signature of Plaintiff Printed Name of Plaintiff Date of signing: Signature of Plaintiff Printed Name of Plaintif? | COMPLAINT FOR A CIVIL CASE -6Defendant No. 5 Name Job or Title (ifknown) Street Address City and County State and Zip Code ‘Telephone Number Defendant No. 6 Name Job or Tile (known) Street Address City and County ‘State and Zip Code Telephone Number Defendant No. 7 Name Job or Title (ifknown) Street Address City and County State and Zip Code Telephone Number Defendant No. 8 Name Job or Title (ifknown) Street Address City and County State and Zip Code Telephone Number (UNKNOWN) COLLEHAY CORRECTIONS OFFICER CORPORATE EMPLOYEE 20817 17TH Avenue South DES MOINES Corporation, WA 98198 SCORE SOUTH CORRECTIONAL ENTITY (AGENTS AND PRINCIPLES PRIVATE CORPORATION 20817 17TH Avenue South ee DES MOINES Corporation, WA sais8 206-257-6200 ‘TERRI R. LUKEN, PRIVATE CORPORATION EMPLOYEE (MAGISTRATE) 33325 8" Avenue South FEDERAL WAY Corporation, WA ‘98003 253-835-3000 DAVID A. LARSON PRIVATE CORPORATION EMPLOYEE (MAGISTRATE) 33325 8™ Avenue South FEDERAL WAY Corporation, WA 98003 253-835-3000 ‘COMPLAINT FOR A CIVIL CASE - 7Defendant No. 9 Name Job or Title (if known) ‘Street Address City and County ‘State and Zip Code ‘Telephone Number Defendant No. 10 Name Job or Title (ifknown) ‘Street Address City and County ‘State and Zip Code Telephone Number Defendant No. 11 ‘Name Job or Title (if known) ‘Street Address ‘City and County State and Zip Code Telephone Number Defendant No. 12 Name Job or Title ff known) Strect Address City and County State and Zip Code ‘Telephone Number COMPLAINT FOR A CIVIL CASE —8 REBECCA ROBERTSON ~ PRIVATE CORPORATION EMPLOYEE (MAGISTRATE) 33525 8™ Avenue South FEDERAL WAY Corporation, WA 003 253-835-3000 UNKNOWN FEMALE “ATTORNEY” WHO ATTEMPTED TO REPRESENT PLAINTIFE PRIVATE CORPORATION EMPLOYEE (ATTORNEY) 33325 8™ Avenue South FEDERAL WAY Corporation, WA 98003 {253.835.3000 [UNKNOWN MALE “ATTORNEY” WHO ATTEMPTED TO REPRESENT PLAINTIFF PRIVATE CORPORATION EMPLOYEE (ATTORNEY) _J 33325 5 avenue South | FEDERAL WAY Corporation, WA =| 98003 | 253-835-3000 CITY OF FEDERAL WAY PRIVATE CORPORATION 33325 8™ Avenue South FEDERAL WAY Corporation, WA ‘98003 253.895.20003 The Defendant(s) a. Ifthe defendant is an individual. (UNKNOWN) HANSON seas ‘The defendant, (name) isa citizen of the State of (name) - Oris acitizen of «sins | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CORPORATION (USA CORPORATION) (TOON as a ccseatinpiciemenieapimennmianetameejiamerentiome tne 4 The Defendant(s) a. Ifthe defendant is an individual. ‘The defendant, (name) | EFFREY MUNDEL , is a citizen of the State of (name) . Orisa citizen of UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CORPORATION — USA CORPORATION (foreign nation), ‘The Defendant(s) a. Ifthe defendant is an individual. (UNKNOWN) COLLEHAY The defendant, (name) |, is a citizen of the State of (name) . Orisa citizen of [UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CORPORATION — USA CORPORATION (foreign nation) ‘The Defendant(s) a. Ifthe defendant is an individual. UNKNOWN MALE “ATTORNEY” ‘The defendant, (name) , isa citizen of the State of (name) . Oris acitizen of LUNITED STATES OF AMERICA CORPORATION — USA CORPORATION (foreign nation) COMPLAINT FOR A CIVIL CASE ~97 The Defendant(s) a. If the defendant is an individual. UNKNOWN FEMALE “ATTORNEY” some ‘The defendant, (name) , is acitizen of the State of (name) . Orisa citizen of i ._) | UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CORPORATION ~ USA CORPORATION (foreign nation) 8 ‘The Defendant(s) a. Ifthe defendant is an individual. ‘The defendant, (name) |_d is acitizen of the State of (name) . Orisa citizen of (foreign nation)|_LNTE® STATES OF AMERICA CORPORATION — USA CORPORATION 9 | The Defendant(s) a, Ifthe defendant is an individual. The defendant, ame) isactizen ofthe State of (name) . Orisacitizen of (foreign nation) | UNTED STATES OF AMERICA CORPORATION - USA CORPORATION 10 ‘The Defendant(s) a. Ifthe defendant is an individual. ‘The defendant, (name) i srwa tare os |, isa citizen of the State of (name) - Oris acitizen of UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CORPORATION — USA CORPORATION (foreign nation| ‘COMPLAINT FOR A CIVIL CASE ~1011 | If the defendant is a corporation. ‘The defendant, (name) LOTVOFreDemLwar is incorporated under the laws of the State of (name) and has its principal place of business in the State of (name) Or is incorporated under the laws of (foreign nation) | \sscowownon _ I FEDERAL WAY, WA and has its principal place of business in (name) |__|. 12 | If the defendant is a corporation. SCORE SOUTH CORRECTIONAL ENTITY Wes The defendant, (name) is incorporated under the laws of the State of (name) and has its principal place of business in the State of (name) UNTED STATES OF AMERICA CORPORATION Or is incorporated under the laws of (foreign nation) | vsscowowmon __|, ‘DES MOINES, WA. ag and has its principal place of business in (name), ie TL. STATEMENT OF CLAIM continued from page 5 The following defendants also violated Light Taji Bey by committing the crimes of illegally detaining her, Denationalizing her, kidnapping her, holding her for ransom, issuing illegal charges, threatening her, attempting to ‘represent her as someone she is not, human trafficking her, and using threat duress and coercion in order to further violate her from December 10, 2017 to the PRESENT: ‘THE FEDERAL WAY POLICE DEPARTMENT, THE CITY OF FEDERAL WAY WASHINGTON, THE SCORE CORRECTIONAL ENTITY, MAGISTRATES DAVID A. LARSON, TERRI R LUKEN, REBECCA ROBERTSON, (UNKNOWN) COLLEHAY, JEFFREY MUNDELL, UNKNOWN MALE ATTORNEY, AND UNKNOWN FEMALE ATTORNEY. COMPLAINT FOR A CIVIL CASE ~11EXHIBITS for U.S. District Court Case EXHIBIT A ~ Article VI Clauses 1,2, and 3 of The Constitution For the United Sats (Republi [EXHIBIT B ~The Treaty of Peace and Friendship 1786 / 1836 EXHIBIT C ~The Declaration onthe Rights Of Indigenous People EXHIBIT D ~The Moorish American Identification Card, Travel Car, and Student Identification Card of Light Tait Bey EXHIBIT E.~ Light Taji Bey’s Name Change Declaration and Her Judicial Proclamation [EXHIBIT F- legally fsued “Infraction” No. 721110209 naming Light Taji Bey with “ace” listed 8B indicating “Black” EXHIBIT G ~The “Lawful Demand to Vacate Tickets" sent by Light Tait Bey in response to issuance of ticket with delivery receipt attached. EXHIBIT H~ legally issued “Infraction” No. 720714493 with a name that isnot Light Taji Bey with “race” listed as “B™ Indicating “Black” for which Light Tair Bey was asaulted hindcuffed, kidnapped, and held for ransom from December 10, 2017 (1437 M,C) until January 4, 2018 (1438 MCC). EXHIBIT I ~ Writ of Habeas Corpus (Email and attached Writ issued for Light Taj Bey which was ignored by the Defendants. EXHIBIT J ~'The SCORE CORRECTIONAL ENTITY Identification bracelet bearing the likeness of Light Tait Bey EXHIBIT K ~ ALL DOCUMENTS ISSUED BY THE FEDERAL WAY POLICE DEPARTMENT AND THE CETY OF FEDERAL WAY WHICH ARE: 1 CASE No. 720714490 - UNSIGNED ORDER OF DISMISSAL. for 1-RCW 4620.005 NO VALID OPERATORS. LICENSE WITHOUT IDENTIFICATION IN THE FIRST DEGREE. 2. CASE No. 720714492 - UNSIGNED SCHEDULING ORDER, UNSIGNED WAIVER OF COUNSEL, A 2" UNSIGNED SCHEDULING ORDER, A 2° UNSIGNED WAIVER OF COUNSEL, AN UNSIGNED DESCRIPTION OF CHARGES, A 2"° UNSIGNED DESCRIPTION OF CHARGES, A 3*° UNSIGNED DESCRIPTION OF CHARGES 3. CASE No, 721201571 ~ UNSIGNED WAIVER OF COUNSEL, AN UNSIGNED DESCRIPTION OF CHARGES, AN UNSIGNED SCHEDULING ORDER, A 2ND UNSIGNED WAIVER OF COUNSEL. 4. CASE #720714492 - A SIGNED UNDER EXTREME THREAT DURESS AND COERCION SCHEDULING ORDER SIGNED ON JANUARY 4, 2018 5, CASE #721201571 - AN UNSIGNED DESCRIPTION OF CHARGES, A SIGNED SCHEDULING ORDER DONE UNDER EXTREME THREAT DURESS AND COERCION DATED JANUARY 4, 2018, 6. 2 TOW AND IMPOUND INVENTORY SHEETS FOR THE MODE OF TRAVEL THAT WAS STOLEN FROM. Light Tals Bey ON THE DAY OF THE ASSAULT, DECEMBER 10, 2018 7. AFEDERAL WAY MUNICIPAL COURT THREAT OF NOTICE OF INFRACTION HEARING AS PROOF OF CONTINUED UNLAWFUL CRIMES AGAINST the Natural Divine Aboriginal Indigenous Moorish American National, |. ANINMATE RELEASSE CARD THAT DOES NOT LIST Light Tait Hey BUT IS PROOF OF CONTINUED (CRIMES AGAINST the Natural Divine Aboriginal Indigenous Moorish American Nationa.EXHIBIT A The Constitution For the United States (Republic) ARTICLE VI CLAUSES 1, 2, AND 3 ARTICLE VI Clause 1. All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the Confed- eration. Clause 2. This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of thé Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby; any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding. Clause 3. The Senators and Representatives before men- tioned, and the Members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial Officers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Constitution; but no religious Test shall ever be re- quired as a Qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United States.EXHIBIT B Treaty of Peace and Friendship 1786 / 1836 Sil currently active and isto be enforced by all as Supreme Law ofthe Land ARTICLE 20,21 AND 23, ARTICLE XX. ates, ot any persons under their How disputes OR a MU rec consul s Persie etre Ree ARTICLE XXL If a citizen of the United States should kill or wound a Moor, of, 08 How crimes coer eco ee te neem niet y Seems okey RS me eer) tae Peotone ic ae RUT me eon’ SOC ee eo ete ee ocean Pcs ron ec cia PR ee CC mee eg mete} of our dominions that they shall think proper; and they shall be their privileges RU URC URC Rom ots Prenat ee coeur eas Pon etree etm ea ees accountable for them, unless he shall have giren a promise in writing for the payment or fulfilling thereof, without which promise in writing, no application to him for any redress shall be made.‘THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS = 3 PHOTODUPLICATION SERVICE +o PHOTODUPLICATION SERVICE bon. S640 vous) dea-nr-7 (Fa) photodplicaondloe gov (EMA) THIS IS TO CERTIFY that the collections of the Library of Congress ‘contain a publication entitled THE PUBLIC STATUTES AT LARGE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, volume 8, and that the attached photocopies the ttle page, the verso of the title page, and pages 100 through 105 = are a true representation from that work. THIS IS TO CERTIFY FURTHER, that the work is marked with a ‘of Congress stamp that bears the date September 26, 1990. ibrary IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the seal of the Library of Congress is affixed hereto on November 8, 2007. ™ ww iy: Shitley M. Berry ‘Acting Chi Library of Congress Photoduplication Service -aia Public Statutes rene a COL TY OH ACT AND 10 THB SUBSEQUENT ACTS Tra OSCR UP EE eet ONES Courts of the United States Cer ecw) Seno ae on RT cevecat ts Pete CU Se Dees tae Canta BOSTON: CLEC Ame OS hee eeeCree err In the Clerk's ofice of the District Court of the Disc ae} arTREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP ne Sa ge ea Majesty the Emperor of Moroc Peet heer Reet ret oon their commission besring date the twelfth day of May even hundted and eighty-four, thought proper to constitute John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and Thomas Jeferson, their Ministers Pl tiary, giving to theta, or a majority of than, fall powers to confer, treat fond negociate with the Ambatsador, Minister, or Commissioner of his Majesty the Emperor of Moroceo, concerning a treaty of amity and commerce; to make and receive ‘propositions for such treaty, and to pects eet ee ee ra pee a Nir ewok) Peart orc Cone ded and eighty-five, did 7 shies eter Prenat me eee me to appoint such agent in the suid business as they might think proper with authority under the directions and instructions of the said Mis tera, to commence and prosecute the Peinenittsty Pereccomery tee koe Pee Ronco rR een Franklin being sboent) by writing under the hand and seal of the said John Adams st London, i asand seven hundred and eighty-five, and of the said ‘Thomas Jefferson at Paris, October the lorenth of the same year, did sppoint ‘Thomas Barclay, agent in the business aforessid, giving ‘him the powers therein, which, by the said Pete eer paper beeen Barclay, in pursuance thereof, hath arranged articles for a treaty umity and commerce between the United States of America, and hi jeaty the Emperor of Morocco, which articles, written in the Arabic language, confirmed by his ssid Majesty the Em Mor Pa Oreen Panett Ee? United States of Ameries, together with the attestations thereto Poss carr eee errs Petr ents ens and the United States of America, whic fir have ordered to be written in this book, and sealed with at our court of Morocco, on the twenty-fifth day of the blessed 1 Shabon, in the year one thousand two hundred, trusting in G coerce Srey PUT a eSPee ecm eee eee ee Pacers ree , rs Pe en Pree Per earn trent coer anaes Pen Bs cea Porta Te ee rT Pree Tee ter ears ar nce TT Rone If cither of th partes shall be at war with any nation whatever, and eee hee here eater jets or efiects belonging to citer of the patios the subjects shall Petree ett aii Peenrerree enter ren ii ere err eT peer preening eta enn Pesaro Sn EAE eee tn St erent eee pote nh este or ri ret eye So meres set Pee Phe arr capers PTR Peer reece ett Pie eet aa rare ts bOaeecre seer es ri nar enon , ees to his Majesty, the ciiz i ere ern prerapreed eee Et ener ny Coreg od Peaniemetn eer em men ger tee rom pene ce Perera ret epee! peaches eat ca) bra storestt PRR If any vessel of either party shall pot into & port of th othe etd ape en ee an] Hotere renee heir Peer ea Pee rs premecnd pear ee err tare Es Seer ieas rs Na EE Pe er ee ere cof ovr coasts, she shall remain at the disposition of the owners, and no peer ne ee Eee ny Corr Pod zt cine a oo corPe Cerin Poe Pa oo Ships of wat ior Pa a Eee Peer cons Pr SU Team es Circus eee Ea ere arg nrg sre rena ino eer ea eae be rmbt reberrirapeemerm to be poet pete ones eT eee Paty errr tee py vty erie ae kp perro fr Peco neritd Pyan If we shall be at war with any Christian power, and any of our vessels sail from the ports of the United States, no vessel belonging to th eer era a ee eee ee ee vesocls; and the sume regulation shall be observed towards the Ameri ‘can vessels sailing from our ports, be their enemies Moors or Christians Pino bcd EOL a ee ee of our ports, she shall not be examined on say pretence whatever, eves though she should have fugitive slaves on board, nor shall the governor et nr eer pened Pre erent orien et eter eee oe eee Pe ee bead poe reerpes ion PU a Bam ‘The commerce with the United States shall be on th 4 asia the commerce with Spain, or as that with the most favoured nation forthe time being; and their citizens shall be respected and csteeme ‘and have fall iberty to pass and repass our count Crs inert PV avn bad Merchants of both countries shall employ only such interpreters, and eae et i eis anne eM Tia oa econ neti i prenee raee eamut oe Pe Rec Sa Dir nts ner aia Se heat Se ee Rice ie abe eee eer ma Se ae ena Ss grape Se on Bas In case of a war between the parties, the prisoners are not to be Cos eternity creme penena menritd Ce eee re rt eT eT Prove a deficiency on ether side, it hall be mado tp by the peyeent RR Ce oR no ae eee Aaa ea agreed that all prisoners shall be exchanged in tre St COS cae oh oe ree ae moira Merchant or any other person authorized by either ofthe parties,Ue Te PUB azit Merchants shall not be compelled to buy or sell any kind of goods Peo on etree he ts ‘merchandize but such as are prohibited to the other Christian nations, ARTICLE XVII. All goods shall be weighed and examined before they are sent on board, and to avoid all detention of vessels, no examination shal after- wards be made, unless it shall rst be proved that contraband goods hhave beca cent on board, in which ease, the persons who took the con- traband goods on board, shall be punished according to the ‘usage end custom of the country, and no other pergon whatever shall be injared, ‘or shall the ship or cargo incur any penalty or damage whatever, Pao Ree Ce ek et Se ec hat eee te po ements) eee Teeter anes iri ere Poi ee / ‘de Pe en od . ek ceca eer Emery Pa eereneen emir ot prereset era Parcereimnare esd ARTICLE XX1. Ifa citizen of the United States should Kill of wound a Moot, or, on the contrary, if a Moor shall kill or wound a citizen of the Ui Peer Oe eenne net eer rene triry eee eae ene Reyer Se ein ek ra aes ‘any manner whatever. FUR ec vee eh er a nnn Eee Deno conse, te effets shall be deposited in the hands of some person Shier re ee tT penta eran een Seca RS recente atest Arrests pear een sh errr nee een best et ip st eatrmest gts vcrbecd ee ety Cn errs Serre rere rer tT Lacie estan rome event beara gee Heese porte Serene gam torre foe Pewee pepe eee npont en poet igen rire bof aint a MR enn cenieet er Peemenes ee eee ee ent Eben eon ESS coy ca] ea Cor iaried ve po ering oat Pare} Pomme Hore ees pe Poe Erne) oy cesta ore) cenSET) PUR sks liferences shall arise by cither party inftinging on any Soa Ree L ceo rs entry Ae inertia eis rangement, and until that application shall be rejected, no Para mcr nris eae ee aren Paes re ee ere Perit cee ene ae a Eecne renee renee A ae ar poorer eee Psierenieeinens ru Pe ee ee Rac ivered this book into the hands of the beforemention ‘Thomas Barclay, on the first day of the blessed month of Feamadan, Peserrennter ceri) ee eee Tease Cardoza Nunez, interpreter at Moroceo, of the treaty tween the Emperor of Morocco and the United States of Americ, POR Ua aN DOE T Ue ee ec Veenlacl I, the underwritten, tho servant of God, ‘Taber Ren Abdelkack Fen- Per apa ee en ea eer ret terve,) having ‘oncladed t tealy of peace and commerce United States of America, ed me the beter PERE aren ee eee nin at eee eer ay Paterna ecarce Paes eters Steed eer etd Pel perg yt er here Pear snes res er nner n een ny Ryo formar reer ett pee es Ue aA NIT erty that the abore is a trae copy of the translation made at SLT ere ren Teta ea earn In i ase cee ag me er ena treaty between the Emperor of Morocco and the United States of America, which declaration the said Taher Fennish made by tho ‘express directions of his Mi Y OER TUG Per Pohae ocr reer ete rep erent peer eens {In testimony whereof, we have signed the same with our names and opener Se ence ed ‘expressed under our signatures respectively Rept) a ene et RC LECR rsa Ome oe ore ad SoarEXHIBIT C United Nations DECLARATION on the RIGHTS @ Eka ay eles United Nations PEOPLES TeaUnited Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples @Resolution adopted by the General Assembly [svithous reference to a Main Committee (A/61/1.67 and Add. 1)| 61/295. United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples The General Asembly, ‘Taking note of the recommendation of the Human Rights Coun- «il contained in its resolution 1/2 of 29 June 2006," by which the ‘Council adopted the text of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Recalling its resolution 61/178 of 20 December 2006, by which it decided to defer consideration of and action on the Declaration to allow time for further consultations thereon, and also decided to conclude its consideration before the end of the sixty-fist session of the General Assembly, Adopts the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as contained in the annex to the present resolution. 107th plenary meeting 13 Septemiver 2007 Annex % United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples The General Assembly, Gwided by the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and good faith in the falfilment of the obligations assumed by States in accordance with the Charter, Affirming that indigenous peoples are equal to all other peoples, while recognizing the right ofall peoples to be different, to consider themselves different, and to be respected as such, "See Oficial Record of the General Anny, Stair Sxiom, ‘Supplement Ne 53(A/61758}, put one cap.Affirming also that all peoples contribute to the diversity and rich ness of civilizations and cultures, which constitute the common heri- tage of humankind, Affirming further that all doctrines, policies and practices based on or advocating superiority of peoples or individuals on the basis of national origin or racial, religious, ethnic or cultural differences are racist, scientifically false, legally invalid, morally condemnable and socially unjust, Reaffirming that indigenous peoples, in the exercise of their rights, should be free from discrimination of any kind, Concerned that indigenous peoples have suiflered from historic injus- tices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests, Recognising the urgent need to respect and promote the inherent rights of indigenous peoples which derive from their political, eco- nomic and social structures and from their cultures, spiritual tradi- tions, histories and philosophies, especially their rights to their lands, territories and resources, Recognising alo the urgent need to respect and promote the rights of indigenous peoples affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements with States, Welcoming the fact that indigenous peoples are organizing them- selves for political, economic, social and cultural enhancement and. in order to bring to an end all forms of discrimination and oppres- sion wherever they occur, Convinced that control by indigenous peoples over developments affecting them and their lands, territories and resources will enable them to maintain and strengthen their institutions, cultures and tra- ditions, and to promote their development in accordance with their aspirations and needs, Recognising that respect for indigenous knowledge, cultures and traditional practices contributes to sustainable and equitable devel ‘opment and proper management of the environment, Emphasizing the contribution of the demilitarization of the lands and territories of indigenous peoples to peace, economic and socialprogress and development, understanding and friendly relations among nations and peoples of the world, Recognising in particular the right of indigenous families and com- ‘munities to retain shared responsibility for the upbringing, training, education and well-being oftheir children, consistent with the rights of the child, Considering that the rights affirmed in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements between States and indigenous peoples are, in some situations, matters of international concern, interest, responsibility and character, Considering also that treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements, and the relationship they represent, are the basis for a strengthened partnership between indigenous peoples and States, Acknowledging that the Charter of the United Nations, the Interna- tional Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights? and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,? as well as the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action,’ affirm the funda- ‘mental importance of the right to self-determination of all peoples, by virtue of which they freely determine their politcal status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development, Bearing in mind that nothing in this Declaration may be used to deny any peoples their right to self determination, exercised in con- formity with international law, Convinced that the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples in this Declaration will enhance harmonious and cooperative rela- tions between the State and indigenous peoples, based on principles of justice, democracy, respect for human rights, non-discrimination and good faith, Encouraging States to comply with and effectively implement all their obligations as they apply to indigenous peoples under inter- national instruments, in particular those related to human rights, consultation and cooperation with the peoples concerned, Emphasizing that the United Nations has an important and continu- ing role to play in promoting and protecting the rights of indig- enous peoples, “TSecrestaton 2200 A OXI), annex ®A/CONE.187/24 (Pr) chap. IBelieving that this Declaration is a further important step forward for the recognition, promotion and protection of the rights and freedoms of indigenous peoples and in the development of relevant activities of the United Nations system in this field, Recognising and reaffirming that indigenous individuals are ent tled without discrimination to all human rights recognized in inter- national law, and that indigenous peoples possess collective rights which are indispensable for their existence, well-being and integral development as peoples, Recagnising that the situation of indigenous peoples varies from region to region and from country to country and that the signifi- ‘ance of national and regional particularities and various historical and cultural backgrounds should be taken into consideration, Solemny proclaims the following United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as a standard of achievement to be pursued in a spirit of partnership and mutual respect: Article 1 Indigenous peoples have the right to the fll enjoyment, asa collec tive oras individuals, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms as recognized in the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights‘ and international human rights law. Article 2 Indigenous peoples and individuals are free and equal to all other peoples and individuals and have the right to be free from any kind Of discrimination, in the exercise of their rights, in particular that based on their indigenous origin or identity. Artide 3 Indigenous peoples have the right to self-determination. By virtue Of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development, Article 4 Indigenous peoples, in exercising theie right to sel-determination, have the right to autonomy or se- government in matters relating to "Restatheir internal and local affairs, as well as ways and means for financ- ing their autonomous functions. Article 5 Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinct political, legal, economic, social and cultural institutions, while retaining their right to participate fully, if they s0 choose, in the political, economic, social and cultural life of the State. Article 6 Every indigenous individual has the right to a nationality. Article 7 1. Indigenous individuals have the rights to life, physical and men- tal integrity, liberty and security of person. 2. Indigenous peoples have the collective right to live in freedom, peace and security as distinct peoples and shall not be subjected to any act of genocide or any other act of violence, including forcibly removing children of the group to another group. Article 8 1. Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right not to be subjected to forced assimilation or destruction of their culture. 2._ States shall provide effective mechanisms for prevention of, and, redress for: - (a) Any action which has the aim or effect of depriving them of their integrity as distinct peoples, or of their cultural values ‘or ethnic identities; (0) Any action which has the aim or effect of dispossessing them of their lands, teritories or resources; (©) Any form of forced population transfer which has the aim or effect of violating or undermining any of their rights; (d)__Any form of forced assimilation or integration; (0) Any form of propaganda designed to promote or incite racial or ethnic discrimination directed against them.Article 9 Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right to belong to an indigenous community or nation, in accordance with the traditions and customs of the community or nation concerned. No discrimina- tion of any kind may arise from the exercise of such a right, Article 10 Indigenous peoples shall not be forcibly removed from their lands or territories. No relocation shall take place without the free, prior and informed consent of the indigenous peoples concerned and after agreement on just and fair compensation and, where possible, with the option of return, Article 11 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to practise and revitalize their cultural traditions and customs. This includes the right to maintain, protect and develop the past, present and future manifestations of their cultures, such as archacological and historical sites, artefacts, designs, ceremonies, technologies and visual and performing arts and literature. 2. States shall provide redress through effective mechanisms, which may include restitution, developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples, with respect to their cultura, intellectual, religious and spir- itual property taken without their free, prior and informed consent or in violation oftheir laws, traditions and customs. Article 12 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to manifest, practise, develop and teach their spiritual and religious traditions, customs and cer- ‘emonies; the right to maintain, protect, and have access in privacy to their religious and cultural sites; the right to the use and control ‘of their ceremonial objects; and the right to the repatriation of their human remains. 2. States shall seek to enable the access and /or repatriation of cer ‘emonial objects and human remains in their possession through fair, transparent and effective mechanisms developed in conjunction with indigenous peoples concerned.Article 13 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to revitalize, use, develop and. transmit to future gencrations their histories, languages, oral teadi tions, philosophies, writing systems and literatures and to designate and retain their own names for communities, places and persons. 2, States shall take effective measures to ensure that this right is protected and also to ensure that indigenous peoples can understand and be understood in political, legal and administrative proceedings, ‘where necessary through the provision of interpretation or by other appropriate means. Article 14 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish and control their cducational systems and institutions providing education in their ‘own languages, in a manner appropriate to their cultural methods of teaching and learning, 2. Indigenous individuals, particularly children, have the right to all levels and forms of education of the State without discrimina- tion. 3. States shall, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, take effec tive measures, in order for indigenous individuals, particularly chil- dren, including those living outside their communities, to have access, when possible, to an education in their own culture and pro- vided in their own language. Article 15 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the dignity and diversity of their cultures, traditions, histories and aspirations which shall be appropriately reflected in education and public information. 2. States shall take effective measures, in consultation and coopera- tion with the indigenous peoples concerned, to combat prejudice and eliminate discrimination and to promote tolerance, understand ing and good relations among indigenous peoples and all other seg- ments of soci Article 16 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to establish their own media in their own languages and to have access to all forms of non-indigenous ‘media without discrimination,2, States shall take effective measures to ensure that State-owned media duly reflect indigenous cultural diversity. States, without prejudice to ensuring full freedom of expression, should encour- age privately owned media to adequately reflect indigenous cultural diversity Article 17 1. Indigenous individuals and peoples have the right to enjoy fully all rights established under applicable international and domestic labour law. 2. States shall in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples take specific measures to protect indigenous children from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education, or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development, taking into account their special vulnerability and the importance of education for their empowerment. 3. Indigenous individuals have the right not to be subjected to any discriminatory conditions of labour and, inter alia, employment or salary. Article 18 Indigenous peoples have the right to participate in decision-making in matters which would affect their rights, through representatives chosen by themselves in accordance with their own procedures, as well as to maintain and develop their own indigenous decision- making institutions. Article 19 States shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indigenous peoples concerned through their own representative institutions in order to obtain their free, prior and informed consent before adopt- ing and implementing legislative or administrative measures that ‘may affect them. Article 20 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and develop their political, economic and social systems or institutions, to be secure in the enjoyment of their own means of subsistence and develop- ‘ment, and to engage freely in all their traditional and other eco- nomic activities.2. Indigenous peoples deprived of their means of subsistence and development are entitled to just and fair redress. Article 21 1. Indigenous peoples have the right, without discrimination, to the improvement of their economic and social conditions, including, inter alia inthe areas of education, employment, vocational training and retraining, housing, sanitation, health and social security 2, States shall take effective measures and, where appropriate, spe- cial measures to ensure continuing improvement of their economic and social conditions. Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with disabilities. Article 22 1, Particular attention shall be paid to the rights and special needs of indigenous elders, women, youth, children and persons with dis- abilities in the implementation of this Declaration. 2. States shall take measures, in conjunction with indigenous peoples, to ensure that indigenous women and children enjoy the fall protection and guarantees against all forms of violence and discrimination, Article 23 Indigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop pri- orities and strategies for exercising their right to development. In particular, indigenous peoples have the right to be actively involved in developing and determining health, housing and other economic and social programmes affecting them and, as far as possible, to administer such programmes through their own institutions. Article 24 1, Indigenous peoples have the right to their traditional medicines and to maintain their health practices, including the conservation of their vital medicinal plants, animals and minerals. Indigenous indi- viduals also have the right to access, without any discrimination, to all social and health services. 2. Indigenous individuals have an equal right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. States shall take the necessary steps with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of this right.Article 25 Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinctive spiritual relationship with their traditionally owned or otherwise occupied and used lands, territories, waters and coastal seas and other resources and to uphold their responsibilities to future generations in this regard. Article 26 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned, occupied or other- wise used or acquired. 2. Indigenous peoples have the right to own, use, develop and control the lands, territories and resources that they possess by rea- son of traditional ownership or other traditional occupation or use, as well as those which they have otherwise acquired. 3. States shall give legal recognition and protection to these lands, territories and resources. Such recognition shall be conducted with due respect to the customs, traditions and land tenure systems of the indigenous peoples concerned, Article 27 States shall establish and implement, in conjunction with indige ‘nous peoples concerned, a fair, independent, impartial, open and transparent process, giving due recognition to indigenous peoples? laws, traditions, customs and land tenure systems, to recognize and adjudicate the rights of indigenous peoples pertaining to their lands, territories and resources, including those which were traditionally ‘owned or otherwise occupied or used. Indigenous peoples shall have the right to participate in this process. Article 28 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to redress, by means that can. include restitution or, when this is not possible, just, fair and equita- ble compensation, for the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used, and which have been confiscated, taken, occupied, used or damaged without their free, prior and informed consent. 2. Unless otherwise freely agreed upon by the peoples concerned, compensation shall take the form of lands, territories and resources 10equal in quality, size and legal status or of monetary compensation or other appropriate redress Article 29 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the conservation and pro- tection of the environment and the productive capacity of their lands for territories and resources. States shall establish and implement assistance programmes for indigenous peoples for such conservation and protection, without discrimination. 2. States shall take effective measures to ensure that no storage oF disposal of hazardous materials shall take place in the lands or ter- ritories of indigenous peoples without their free, prior and informed consent. 3. States shall also take effective measures to ensure, as needed, ‘that programmes for monitoring, maintaining and restoring the health of indigenous peoples, as developed and implemented by the peoples affected by such materials, arc duly implemented. Article 30 1. Military activities shall not take place in the lands or territories of indigenous peoples, unless justified by a relevant public interest or otherwise frcely agreed with or requested by the indigenous peoples concerned. 2, States shall undertake effective consultations with the indig- enous peoples concerned, through appropriate procedures and in particular through their representative institutions, prior to using, their lands or territories for military activities Article 31 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their cultural heritage, traditional knowledge and tra- ditional cultural expressions, as well as the manifestations of their sciences, technologies and cultures, including human and genetic resources, seeds, medicines, knowledge of the properties of fauna and flora, ora traditions, literatures, designs, sports and traditional ‘games and visual and performing arts. They also have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their intellectual property ‘over such cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and traditional cultural expressions. u2. In conjunction with indigenous peoples, States shall take effee- tive measures to recognize and protect the exercise of these rights. Article 32 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine and develop priorities and strategies for the development or use of ther lands or territories and other resources, 2. States shall consult and cooperate in good faith with the indig- ‘cnous peoples concerned through their own representative institu- tions in order to obtain their free and informed consent prior to the approval of any project affecting their lands or territories and other resources, particularly in connection with the development, utiliza tion or exploitation of mineral, water or other resources. 3, States shall provide effective mechanisms for just and fair redress for any such activities, and appropriate measures shall be taken to mitigate adverse environmental, economic, social, cultural oF spiti- tual impact. Article 33 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine their own iden- tity or membership in accordance with their customs and traditions. This docs not impair the right of indigenous individuals to obtain citizenship of the States in which they live 2. Indigenous peoples have the right to determine the structures and to select the membership oftheir institutions in accordance with their own procedures. Article 34 Indigenous peoples have the right to promote, develop and main- tain their institutional structures and their distinctive customs, spit tualty, traditions, procedures, practices and, in the eases where they exist, juridical systems or customs, in accordance with international human rights standards Article 35 Indigenous peoples have the right to determine the responsibilities of individuals to their communities. 2Article 36 1, Indigenous peoples, in particular those divided by international borders, have the right to maintain and develop contacts, relations and cooperation, including activities for spiritual, cultural, politcal, economic and social purposes, with their own members as well as other peoples across borders. 2. States, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peo- ples, shall take effective measures to facilitate the exercise and ensure the implementation of this right. Article 37, 1. Indigenous peoples have the right to the recognition, observ ance and enforcement of treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements concluded with States or their suecessors and to have States honour and respect such treaties, agreements and other con- structive arrangements. 2. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as diminishing ‘or eliminating the rights of indigenous peoples contained in treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements. Article 38 States, in consultation and cooperation with indigenous peoples, shall take the appropriate measures, including legislative measures, to achieve the ends ofthis Declaration. Article 39 Indigenous peoples have the right to have access to financial and technical asistance from States and through international coopera tion, for the enjoyment of the rights contained in this Declaration. Article 40 Indigenous peoples have the right to access to and prompt decision through just and fair procedures for the resolution of conflicts and disputes with States or other parties, s well as to effective remedies for all infingements of their individual and collective rights. Such a decision shall give due consideration to the customs, traditions, rules and legal systems of the indigenous peoples concerned and international human rights. 13Artide 41 “The organs and specialized agencies of the United Nations system and other intergovernmental organizations shall contribute to the fall realization of the provisions of this Declaration through the mobiliza~ tion, inter alia, of financial cooperation and technical assistance. Ways and means of ensuring participation of indigenous peoples on issues affecting them shal be established. Article 42 ‘The United Nations, its bodies, including the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, and specialized agencies, including at the coun- try level, and States shall promote respect for and full application of the provisions of this Declaration and follow up the effectiveness of this Declaration. Article 43 ‘The rights recognized herein constitute the minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of the indigenous peoples of the world Article 44 All the rights and freedoms recognized herein are equally guaran- teed to male and female indigenous individuals. Article 45 Nothing in this Declaration may be construed as diminishing or extinguishing the rights indigenous peoples have now or may acquire inthe future. Article 46 1. Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, people, group or person any right to engage in any activity ‘or to perform any act contrary to the Charter of the United Nations ‘or construed as authorizing or encouraging any action which would dismember or impair, totally or in part, the territorial integrity or political unity of sovereign and independent States. 2. In the exercise of the rights enunciated in the present Dec- laration, human tights and fundamental freedoms of all shall be respected. The exercise of the rights set forth in this Declaration shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law “