Virtual Memory Address

In a system with virtual memory the main memory can be

viewed as a cache for the disk, which serves as the lower-level
store. Due to the enormous difference between memory access
times and disk access times, a fully-associative caching scheme
is used. That is, the entire main memory is a single set - any
page can be placed anywhere in main memory. This makes the
set field of the address vanish. All that remains is a tag and an
offset.

 The offset field identifies a particular location within page

or frame.
 The page field identifies a page in the logical address
space.
Since the page field just identifies a page it is usually called the
page number field.
 Disadvantages of Virtual Memory:

 Longer memory access times (page table lookup)

 Guarded page tables
 Inverted page tables
 Applications run slower
 Less hard drive space for your use
 Memory requirements (one entry per VM page)
 Improve using Multilevel page tables and variable page sizes (super-pages)
 Guarded page tables
 Page Table Length Register (PTLR) to limit virtual memory size
 Internal fragmentation