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    chemistry theory in Bengali

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    chemistry theory in Bengali

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    13 views44 pages

    Vol.3 Chapter1-2 1-44p

    Uploaded by

    Biplab Roy
    chemistry theory in Bengali

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 44
    BATES ROTTwSTT aitats offs sfretais yrkeets—Equi- valent weighjy: ceterett—Combining weight; ficetatie ma—Law of Reciprocal weight; am*eta zZ—Law of Equivalent weight’; caraaeta 4—Law of Combining weight ; Wea-71—Combustion tube ; TE Ret—Combustion furnace ; catt—Boat ; aifeatta—Replacement. PUFStTT eta facergers 7H AOE MA) Wate fcetgens eae SCTBATS CT GOTT SITE xin mete AceTS wae ye Set crerete ea cy wates Sterne tel Fat SCHOTT | gateFSINS cx. creator aids ote Ror sate orewe | fafer calm ciremetces See C8 CaN MS ECR ARR TRCN MATH TTA FRCOTEITR TT BRIef ors ait 9 weirera SIT Seg on EER afer, TEAC ACTIN wT Fecatern, cata aecates 1 Ferme axe arg etfeRTy seers gt gute Sats oes stkacn rye | . BURBS FA eee aASA aT att feet faire (Ricter)1 garkwetre ctererre tH wi Br efor wet gansotce Baers ead ( equivalent weight ) em caterer Fue eH (combining weight ) am wi fF, stfieats eorca ge calfare ort tater Te eEa ct tht sca Ter Frees wea fasbta cafes ficatgnts waa cafeteria aE ce IR TTTS RUB cafare stmt stam Te RN cals Sa Bea AE cretion euace an er NE SRB YOUR TET a ceteTeTH | wah Gorter THA creprCTs icatRATT Fy VS SW UD PEORTSTT ACH SHEA Le Rede a aH AaTE Tas ercRt Ors | . mI-1 2 " atafire, ear se frartgets aa Seal geTewets QE = Law of Reciprocal Propottion or Law of Combining or Equivalent weight F792 gece Feet Frebra Acetate aa at cafrarera concent zat crea apm seat | fe fasted GR cafe otete sraica ae Real al SA arH GR Ta wre Gomt aca fem Recs catwawra waa FUR ‘arab wwe (Law of combining weight ) 31 G1 CRATE @ Ya SeTaR aay SIT! Wal aa ate fafen cabins ontt gaeera afar tama Fifrw een obs ida wa cree ok watiee yarneeta wa a BROS ‘erub *eme (Law of Equivalent weight) qi ea! fertgars WET eters was ate feats ame calfere teteda trawfee noi Roman stat attafe aett 7a (Law of Chemical Combination ) | ” ficatgetts aa (Law of Reciprocal Proportion)? «® fats wa Bete ai wrest cat callers oimiel (Be C) af sent wice FARE aie eee eon wT IE CHlfere swicds (A) acm RS RT cate (AB eee AC) 2158 FCS TIT EH STE Rom cae calfore state! GUA, (Be C) ea oC Tw “Bei cata (BO) wba aca WHR Gabler satel RE coiguen FRE woorcara calfre otete(iBa (A) cer ges eH fie ce euca wee] Stata CHA Hae |efteces (simple multiple ) PITS HC TS RH Wa 34, cate sent Be Cope otee cafe aur Anes acy ae tt AB BAC att TSA FA Ate WA Fa, A-et eum 2-919, BaF OWA 9-1 ER Ce] CRT 2-8) OAR yah ate GertTETT 3 Boat 20m C wat fHARR oeeT xsi Anoa TCH Te ms sreetit Be Cava starien qe Wa BC cab oti ara’ wea vostty Baw wzate Cr mw, Sea axy ata Baw Bm xz ary ca ACE [ CHCATS CRN Cm Bete A maa ae J &® ads ea WET BRC calor PONS eA Bi Gay tz awa nxyimxz LC% Beret 1: “cle tert eke (H), safc (0) SR SH (C) HAIN ATS Vt wa (HAO), By VIR-EATAG (COg) aa ficett RE (CH,) 154 BA WH: . () ercgnea (H+ eer grHeO (O}>wa (Hs0) (i) Het (C) + wefiiceTR (O) 14a WRENS (CO,) HTH ——= ACEO (iii) erRcgtowa (H) + e144 (C)>fitaa (CH,) 2% cola feat Feat ears tama fafare ex ote fected sficm at as @ 2s ery Beene 16 StH RAT AEA Ay Ae Onl oa Wea A AL (H_O); Bag, 1 St eu H, 8 Slt eECTR O-9a AC TS RBM tH FC a SY; . (i) 12 SIN euCaH Sta 32 SH CATA weficaraa ay 1S Bn Ta Be BTS IRAE wd (CO,), Bea, 3 Sts UCT C, 8 SIN eUTAT O-ea ACH Te REN 354 FA BT CHEERS AY; Git) Tata, 4 St eer ertercast 12 yt one, ata wen ae wea 15a BCH Fatwa WE (CHA) 5 “yh Sea, 1 ST eeAR H, 3 St ewer Cha acy ge Rei ST aca face 1 BY) (2) 4 | attefire aatra—gétr te fafion calf opeteta owen Frew wie Ute: (@) Liett eat etcetcrace FAKE coher nl eer Cet TTL SI ear URETOAT ACF 8 SIT eMAT wehiCET We UEal Sa Bea WA (HO) ae 3 It euraE eTéa ISA BCE feet WH (CH); Zea TE TETAS wrt SaTE Te 8 SIT ear Sema ACH CHT TSA BHAT) wate cee are, BTdH weaetes at (COs) a e seca sRTS Se C:0=3:8, (a) 3 orn emcra areata, FaRe cateracet “em eer 3 ot OETA BAT CF 1 SIT eMCAR Very ue 8 Sty eUTAT weficea ae Real atarca fee (CH,) ae FH ORES (COs) Sasa Fea VA TE ENA 1 Sty eocaa TREE 8 ott emma weftcrat aor cit tba wht) oT Saw (H,0) weet cent ata ca MEU wafiCETT WHATS we H:0=1:8 . G) 8 ety euraa weficrace FRED calor ai wea Beta ee 1 Bit eurat RIRCLTCU a 3 SIT CUTTS TS Rea! AaTCT eq AL (HO) oe S14 IR-MEMVG 4 (COQ) 1A BeAr wate WH SRT 3 Stl Ha C1 SIH VRE WS ee aly sia fara fice clet (CHy) wete® cra we cy are aecpteaers AAAS St Cs H=3:2 2. * cabtfars orn eiewte (H), Na vate crfeat (Na) «x atfia (Cl) HAC TS RAM ACEC ATMS Cy AHCI), ontfenta catat®e (NaCl) ax crtfeats GREE (NaH) ay cr wea A tata RRRLTCA, cnr catfiice ffi? wacma aes Galea Force Fyfe cha adca fieetgate wa tata ea TH ore stg TAT CHM REE WATE YOR TST 5 fate eorcma cat * leer arwttiew cats ats (a) WRewtcera eitcwtcerd crittts (HC) (1 ott ema ) cntfiorra ei8gtze (NaH) ction colfirs weet Set calc cater ret u:Cl =1:355 : H:Na= LB Na: Cl=23: 355. caifeata e crtfacaa cle cattery crtaree (NaCl) faceace wt? cr TH onferta 6 crficay colfre aRTtE wn Nat Cl=23 : 35'5 (a) catfeats . * cmionte catate (NaCl) ( 23 Stt Bq ) catfenta a8et8 (NaH) calcora, cotter ergs srates cutee catcara oreetts + Cl=23 3 355 'Cl=1:35" 1H =23:1 Hi Cl=1:355 Rope @ carfacaa colt eaRtCHA cHTATRS (HCI) favre rR He UH CR RRC 8 Gai cUNAAS" ETS we H:Cl=1:355 to) cetfaa eitcytewa crates (HCI) (355 Stq eam ) ontfenta catatee (NaCl) corona cel fare ergeits mets cater caltcora wapetS H:Cl 3355 Na: Cl=23: 355 Na: H=23:1 confer e ater city catfeara - Byte (NaH) facwes wee aay we a ctfety eters cle TENTS wa Nat H=23:1 3. Fa (C), atereta (S) ae sqficra (0) tae ae een WE ORaMeTHE. (CSq); FHA OI TETRS (CO,g)} wn, 6 otafirs art — eet AS ninety wRwgnts (SO,) SH son tee FT, TET seftcmace ‘fafhe ewcaa cle afin fewtce fefoa ohn sac Freer am erate Bal UTM FATS WTR! CHAT REA fat? ‘oorcoa cater alcora earifies cals 135 (@) , ata ath wIR-atTARE (CSe) (3 St emma ) Be BR-TEMRT (COs) Calera cellars orgeits metas cates caters axes C1$=3: 16 . C10'=3:8 $:0=16:8 area 8 weCHCAT CA ATaTUTA BIRTHS (SOo) facwaeet cra We ct AtaeTa @ Behrend celfas TAAIS wa S:O= B28; ater ayers wastes faficr S: O=(2)x8:8; aes site 2 eats aaa afte (simple multiple ) | ‘fate eorcoa cater * cahcwra eeifire cater aida" (a) weaghrcera 14a BIB-ASATEG (COs) (8 Sty em ) HIATT GIR-ATAMRS (SOs) calcors celfers wrxetts met calen calcrra ORS: C:0=3:8 S$:!0=8:8 C:S=3:8 Bree mrereTCA Cal BIE WTR ATATMBT (CSq) Fara cer Me BT ATRIA COLPe IRATE we C2 S=3: 16, aes, ‘CrS=32 @)x8; arte 2, mtyetcan ema a Aa “efteet * ARARR oor cate” cher erst cals aber (iy miereta Bree BIR-tAMIS (CS~) (16 et eat ) aferety IR-AEARG (SOs) 2x8 ater ve weficrcaa cel eta wIB-meMEcwA (CO,) Faced A WIT Be AficMCAT cUlfAs MRTG Be C1 O=3:8; sat mRTtECe mwas cat ewer fafiem C:O=3: (2)x8, AT 2 weACeCTA eURAT Ca Fag efter | 4, eitcwtcaa (H), wafers (0), F144 (C), HtaRTH (S), catia (Cl), cnfoata (Na), ertafiity (Ca) Serf caters ace fafa cals 3a wet 6B calor ofh Facerecs cra ate: atcpicwcns Net calor ei Rcwtcerco ait | eters wt. FFE oor 41 (H,0) H:0 =1:8 1 faa (CH,) H:C =1:3 1 ertepicwa ATG (HS) HS =1:16 1 ewes TMG (HCl) =H Cl=1: 355 1 catfeara wigs (NaH) =H: Na=1: 23 1 artafirma URpIRe (CaHy,) H:Ca=1:20 ‘1 aaticaa, 14a, atereta, caifaa, catfeara, srtaiata Rory calaef FARR 1 win emcay eaRRTA scr cht ba aH ‘aetacy 8, 3, 16, 355,23 a 20 SH MAA ARNG! AoA FReerRTS ERAT aE calehey aft tanner cat soca HT OT HR BAe CH SUTITS Reta ARTHAS USE ae SETS Hea Rater ofes qRATCT pave cay sha ahaa | Frafrfire catsrefe fara Bare ciate eH A: : 8 ° atafirs gata —eehe te cheer att cataract caters fafen cat + Gels warts eftes rite tq BIR-METE CO.) C, 053:8 Sts WIR ATG (CS,) «C «-2S=3:16 * atereta wiR-wEMEG (SOg) S :O=16:16 (2)x8: 16 catfioura catst&w (NaCl) = Na: Cl=23: 355 aatafimty catat®e (CaCle) Ca Cl=20: 355, , rtafiata terete (CaS) Ca: S'=20:16 ‘arafinta weATew (CaO) Ca: O=23:8° onfeura agmBu (Nag) Na:O=23:8 ptearre a testa ( Equivalent or Combining weight ) Freargate xia Byrentehy faced whaca cee ate ce SIs emraa PRR CAT ACF CL eta FafeR cafe eitefy ye eat lt asa sea Be CR eerg weal za efes aR Fa qe xen fafea cals ida sea mt cae dea atte apy eft am aa a eanhte cateret at ortarita ae fefea cle wa woos Be woula a Ree eft ws ema cletely tamca Tw ee ols 13a FH Bratt wT WT UT Se (HO) Ceutw e epicmat ARTS St H:O=2:16=1:8; auger catere) 1 oe oretafas eel; Teter NeiMAT cee 2 ox tmntae ema 16; ZeRR GaRhte cee ws tegreAa eHA Lun Nefireay eHT8; Gat few aS (CHy) MA © Uytate aETS wey C2 HH1224=3:1; ads eanite citarets os eegteat ert 1 aR steaT ema S Apa CHa ATT Ce, NAT CHUTE BATH 8 SI COTTA attire GuRFeE 9 wafers 1 Sit eet wm ae 3-8 Be 1 orn eitey teers ace facet Me iS SCH . . AUTEN A LUCHA FUa Feary THA Sore WANA | feat santce fafa clay tava gw etal alt 13R BTR UTR Fach Fea PURSStA A atTSTE | AVANT AT Ce enh caterer a orth wreath emer setts fafeR ala aly 5a BA AR SHAT ORT CHAAMATTSS Ta] VT CAGASTA | fafor calfy rereda cree e staarafas oma fafens zen ears ciao oF RR clon ema a PRT fafox me stem carn etree fase chem gaeer a Ros ends adic Btoras emma af vanfts creer cir ema! GAT eetAT Me wIstt AtetateteT Cra A ts . . alor staattfes ear ~ OTeTS ater wove, cal worret caterety a yarneeta=— 5 Wee tere (H) f= 1 wefieen(0) BP a8 crifia (Cl) 95.2355 — cmfenty (Na) 23 arate (Ca) 40=20 © artacafiata (Ma) 3=12 srrafafarta (Al) %=3 atéa (C) 183 YeoRTStA a cateAwtcay (Equivalent or Combining’ weight ) els ate aaw clita onde eteeea, Seti a cathacas scr chy oa sea wanfre cotepets ws uF cla feafia eua qiary 1, 8 ax 355; aoa waefie fate ‘aura we atetadetcay meen face shea aa EE . Coan ae cat aoc ai Rrcaacy ea catine oie seer owen StF eure wcgtcen 18 wrt omc 10 . aehes TATA SSH te wares weal 35MetT orca caer Cr Tw a rae BH GS SH. gee MATTE GAR che owes oa a caterer weet Reese aa a we wn ea) Lett etcgrcr wea 8 win afew at 35'5 ein caficar ior farm oma fafen calm ae en, fafen caters colfas facut TU WAY RH WaT (i) erRewtcercaa Fafex colors celine Facwaca tei aH: @) 6 m0 salt BO (i) 98 Stn Na caht NaH (ii) 20 It Oat cay CAH, 1ST ABHUCTTS AOE TS LH (iv) 66° SIT CLs ctl HL (*) 17 ere Ts ca BI Wi) 16 SITS 2 AHS (vii) 6 SIO: ain CH, LG) weficecra fafea caleta colfare Facwacs cea ata t () 1 oH 3 att HO (ii) 20 BIT Cat tT C20 BSI ORRREUTS HOR HP LT (ii) 19 ert atg cat MgO (iv) 82°6 S14 Zn 3 cal ZnO (v) 8 St O 2 ct OO, (ii) cartfacara Faffon cater cobfinre Faceres cet 1H () 1 ome iat Ho (i) 12 Sh Mg CY MgCl, (iii) 80 Stt On ¢ Hit Osdl, (iv) 9 StT AL: cay Ald, 35'S SI (NAOT AE LE RH Awa, crfers statins, states, atacafiary, fore, are, srinfafama Seriya Yerwers wetea 23, 20, 127, 12, 326, 3, 9 Berth | aTATRETS WOT Sty, . i WoRFeIA eae GutTEH ( Edpivalent and Gram Equivalent weight) 3 aHtsfee eua eal arnt *RTt atm! weficercay straartfae eax 16 ea arracafiratcaa 24 ; Rett ad oa wrefierd taaly wel ‘eecytea TaRta Ye 16.04 St oa was apiscafinry ctamty 24.04 ST) CIRRT yarwetns sah eRe AAT aT) Ts RRNA, aeficar a srafratcaa Garhaers wtacy 1, 8 aa 20. me RR LUNCH TH a GUE F 1s Bogie, efron a SM RrateAa sity GarrETT WHET fare bamen tour) asifts gortewetH ( Variable Equivalent weights) ow mae clare rete] carerel a SCN watfie wietera gas eras aaifie |, Ya cata lt wa cera ale CF aatfer cbt 13a wa waa oe clas gawets ey fafea! at fafew citer cia celfas sane fafa =fam ottena aferry a artfes Gareers fea Sai aH Ue: ater calor calor a wifes cater COs aS =—|—-GTTSIH faBetin catat®e (CuCl) Cu: Cl=635:355 Cy=635 farbfete carat&e (CuClg) Cut C1=31'75: 355 Cu=31'75 are watentew (CO) = C 10-638 c=6 ‘ate WIE-AEAG (CO) C 2O=3:8 c=3 areati seMew(NgO) = N:0=14:8 N=14 atti sere (NO) = N:O=7:8 N=? - artes Fe aeTTeS . (N20;) = N:0=46:8 N=46 areciows coa-wETIeS (N.0,) N 0835 N=35 ARCHER cb l-rgTeT \ (N2O5) N:0=28:8 N=28 12 © attefire wy —PEH Ve. were ve célcta qeitewetn (Equivalent weight of Radical and-+Compound): catia yehretcay aretcy FE Kaa Posey fe se At! ae SI COAT eR a, 8 Sin Sura ECE SUA 355 SIT eUTAT cotficra ACH YS Sty eUCAT Yas ( radical ) TS eH AS WRT wohweta wa: ott CUrfore mRMICS HSA ACTA HUTS HNO, H :NOs=1: @ NO, =62 H,SO, H :SO, < SO,=48 NH,CI NH,:Cl =18:355 NH,=18 oat calera fafen Tater wel cal a yeaa yes yaa ST TS MATE AE loa Yara WHE” ‘dt Bottoms GeoiewerT hema worets NaCl. | Na=23;C1=35°5 , 23-+435'5=58'5 MgO Mg=12, O=8 12+8 =20 Na,CO, — Na=2%23293 23430 =53 2 tenets a GeatTEtT AW (Law of Combining or Equivalent'weight ): ficatgrte wale yartweta 1 catea- Sta RT FeaH estate etal Pam ae TT: "fate cotfice sete Ricwora genterete a1 cateretcr waics wea Betas oftss wpics orca fafirs gem itt 158 aca cu caret ote after cra ate cx Bote Geriereto were ches af61 PORK atetarete ae ate Bae PaTeiCI SEATS Ce ata Ca TS BT TE . es, z ott wats + Qaatereta NaCl NaiCl =23:355 Na=23;Cl =355 MgO ‘Mg:0 “ 213:8 9° Mg=12,0 CaCO, CatCOs =20:30 Ca=20; CO,» CH, C:H 21 C=3,H <1" strates eet e GeTiewET (Atomic weight and Equivalent weight ): cata Gore caterel etal aifers Bera wares fay sfim rece qitfaa ctraatafee ema fate ea a! We caheara straattee eo hore gamesrers = calcera caters Zea, otter ormatafae ema =catera gar reta x alae TATE confer yarkrety 23am Crew 1; AeA cnifentcaa samttias em =23x1=23. wete Seteat: - . otra ator catcora ottaatstee woseta reset ea Mg=12 2 ig=2x12 =24 Al =9 3 Al=9x3 =27 2 4 Ca=20 Ca=2x20 =40 Cc =3 C =3x4 =12 =355 1 C1=35'5x 1=355 fees eines Gontesets frets (Determination of Equivalent Weight ) ” cara caliente Fe Sty om 1 wit eUCTT wee, Beit eucrt waficHT TW 355 wit eocTA catfcra ACH Te Rta chet sda sea Otel HR cates ates taeTH Rowe a ROTA (analysii or synthesis ) @fini faving at wi | Fahthe steferw ‘sutwq (non-metal ) 6 eter ( metal \ alfat sate GO aETR fafa aa wes 4 * atefie wrha—eet ve Seis weet fers | ( Equivalent wt. of Non-metal ) 1. wrenittcen asa siefS ( Formation of Oxides): we sara Serer Sics eeegicer orate fer gM ( Duma ) ARLTA PUL, we Ty CON Seay a GS SI VEIT su Sin aeheeT Ta aw orere fate saa [ eh. FORME ey ayaa 9 246 )) Res BEET HT Ste He Sf FER tH O-IGTES CoM TAR asta Fw TT welicOTTE AF BS SIT BA TSE TW vine fy seat! Yat tafe aE wy 6 Tita Uie-weMteeer colle team ‘(gravimetric or composition by weight ) %4H saTeIa Yaatafe sian weiCT 1e stirs Gahaeta fafa ea aH abeefarcorera WORST ( Equivalent wt. of Oxygen ) (Expt): @fS stc5q ¥Ra-4a (Combustion tube) 46 2 FE TERE area aaa . srefrceran goutewata faa ori 9% BAA TT SH FRAC SoM SATA PATE (CuO) SA TeATy aETteAE AAA eHA Te! fw ( fused ) TAPIA CHATeD- al Go Unacat oma 6 Ae Ret rea wa Ie FAB a Reta wre tet oma at BAR aT TIM erat te aw ERT artairaty, CATARS ( fused ) Sal ets! aE Aq ( guard tube ) Stirs garkseta : 15 Fae ea) WR ACTA ATE tot oma a whan Regt Fafete art carcaa Gores acre afe arate crate ates fad Fr) ata ETAT ate tT RRS Frew UtRsicw die SR ANA AACA AT, wriatfae’ fam aes eiBegteom atm ara a Bal Cra eafice wee ATTA Te QS 8 eye tecwtcersy air Draten te ae ta fice HRA AS RAPA (combustion ” burner ) Ss wtet Bee Fa) eapRCwICHA (Hy) at Fata EAT (CuO) faeifaw hin arsa sata (Cu) am (H,O) te ac wit Cu0+H,=Cu+H,O . ao Tein ok wate at U-acer arieiate crates cates aa Sta weRors amyfers req site at faerfnw sata ort BREA (Hy) WY DIATE, WeA-AMB Sher Fa oe RelA ema Te | BAT aM-cttes srtafaaty cHteee-oyf U-acya areata OFF AS] GMT RAITT ABPCHCAT PARSoTA Atal Bas sara Sten CuO + rea aca Ie SRT = Wi, ats area 1c Cut rea-aaa Te CTA= Ws sity . wphiceay eet =(W, - Ws) ata aireta ate U-a0a ea = We att aes ca a+ U ae ee = W, ay aca (HO) eaq=(W,— Wa) ate aay eR RECS AaieaT em ate firey URyICHAT eFT arent RA =[(W, - We)-(W, —W,)] ata; Rea ARCA LAR FSTH . = —_(Wi- Ws) __ wecwteacra ew (Wy — We) -(Wi- Ws) ahaa Tae creat ArH PRCETTR EATNTSTT=B Gi) Bora Qemteweta etal ( Ea. wt. of Carbon ) att ari corracafan Gate a1 Cae ( boat) ew FAI ca sa fan ees ee fea wert ao wart Bracetey ( sugar charcoal ) He oa CaP atary eat Sai cart oe Tee AC ACT SA FAO BI TCT FR OF 6 AOE FAs FRAT 16 eters arta — ee we. (CuO) a) BPs AB (KOH) wat-pai waft iBT atm at GwHTIaa-oa Uae ae oat U-aa at tbr aaaH eo Fat KOH 450, — pe waiters gareareta fiona ord ataa a U-acaa ora ee ifs artafiaty pqinttu-on asf ame a ( guard tube ) fed 41 ABM aaa e FRSA OAT OH wea aca ore tet FRE Sa TRARACAT AIT ATT ate SBS sista (KOH) aa a atafeeiae wptfie (HySO,) Sai ata Ba U-aa fee sa) wepPACRCAA ACH HRA-AC MG BTA VIE-AHNVS a wate ai orcet Sficw at iter cre Bel aifecatesact Taeta Sa eT) BRE AGIA SA U-ay Sida VIR-TAS Of aT aR HRA ACA, OY AAPA CITA FTA! ett 18 FES RCS TSA OE 6 AGE seficor vrate ox wea aa ata fire RRCw HRA Pela Gor wit Bas FAI eraficersy We ACA RCT Catch aPaw atécaa ace Fafeeate Tt WRENS ter ATS M1 WE C+Og=COg 5 APHCOTAT amurcey aft wishes afsated SMa HATERS aH COR TH, ST eee AE ata (CO) wa Fatt AEMeeR (CuO) feos fiw aathee Rauta AAT FTE CR-TMNG AATT A) WHE * 2C+0,=2CO ; CO+Cu0=Cu+COg + ea ata Boom A OR-TEATS (COg) AH VS aT VM ADIN ATO aca Bea AE THMCAA SRS AGIA WAI AAS STA WIR- wanes ofem crn) ates itary abIy atocaa Clacton sea afre srtafiary crtatte-em BEa avaty sfacw ee Aba atow Behins ary Orca TL ABET Te ATRTCW ATER AN ATM eat BRIT a ita OmER BTA te weet fore TTA cHTATRS- neg wore ae FAB at ates 1] ahs yarkaers 17 rarer 79 AA sae ew 6 a RoI TT gerreta ta Fa: " strata Sie tf CHO ems WIT, sahara Stel capt} ator eaa=W, ar J. FR eat = (We —-W)) ary MARTA Ser BET AeaT eH =W, sty etary ca ABT TAs +COs-at WS CHA=W, aT ‘Staal VIR MEARCwA (CO2) ) a= (Wa — Ws) atm Be WIR-VEMRCTA (COy)-4 eT BCG Stécay, (C) eet aw fra safety eq then wn) awa seficacT em =(W, —Ws)-(We-W)) 91 dis (W.-Ws)-(Wa- Wy) att safc oe wr (Wa W)) ona Steet a | wan, Say MEIC TS eT -W),)x (WW Ws WFR - (W,-W,)x8 (Wa- Ws) (Wa-Wi) tee TAT HTH CHT AH FIAT GARSStH =F sieatl s (i) 1-2 ata sree corpreat twa} eH 44 a ate BRASS) area Ys fafa Fa [ 1-2 gms of carbon when burnt forms 4°4 gms of carbon dioxide. What is the equivalent wt. of carbon ? ] . ‘erécra (C) eat =12 atts ‘sider wit wept (COs) owe = 44 ay aahicoad eaq=44—-12=3°2 ay ae 52 are ERR TH E12 aH ATE eM 12x8", ee ‘sttcan ce ASN, TAA LIRICA = 8a aehcaT Ie CH ads, STera GUNS =3 m—2 18 : arate, wtA—Se we i) fafafes. wey eee Stee NBATCETAT wonsea fafa was 158 ata wes Bate weentcor Bert WE OEHHA BITC TH care wreraerca a ZEN HE are! RA cL ROE wT shen 8H 1:26 atte [ 36 gm of water is formed by passing dry hydrogen on 158 gm of heated copper oxide when 1°26 gm of copper is left after the experiment. Calculate the equivalent weights of copper and oxygen.] ©, s . fan: Cu0+Hy=Cut+H.O Bra AEARCwA BA=158 sity; Sica eeA=126 at +. wafitcead eu = 1'58 — 1:26 ="32 ary ok exafircera RIROHICHAT HOH TS RRM Ge 1a BLA= "36 IT VAN VBR CHCAT eva = ('36 — 32) = 04 airy ads 04 ote aeceret 4) i er 32 ara waiceay (04) 971 work Lata eee ew 2 =8 ata weRicwaa ACH eafiecr penerene=8 wafers, 32 ara Se fircera ae BH 126 ata Betcaa ACH wer 8 ata aahce TS wae! x8=31'5 a SatCHR AO Soca PUTS = 315 IL aig Genie=rets ( Equivalent wt. of Metal ) 2. e@cyiewa etfewteia efS (Hydrogen displace- igent Method ) 2 atya ner eRcptcatiaee a ara Bie wrficEr CCI HySO, ) fafa stem eRegtcw (Hy) 90h eR eR ae ‘N. T. Pie Ipc. ettcgtewt store m= 00009 tty | serge fete eretowe (Hy) aot See feat soTET wre ants Yo sety : ‘ 19 Si ATH aR a THEA NT. Pre we ates Vere ARR sr eats fam fata eat ar water fe afiars eutaa ety Fe ofiars eucaa eecErces Cea ara wre fate Sham etgT GATE fa eat we 7 ‘ 4S SRT ga fe MRC Aare] 2 aR eu aA “08 ate sreratte, pact feos fare eu sa) ot fae ost “Fah when oat era Byy shaw Fa bifem we | RCAC AcaR TTA Fe Yate Taras ocr opl sa | SAAT TH ok BVA (BE fas oss Getto wa smrqeabe fa ( graduated tube ) 84 BF a BA-Sa Sones Fa Bay whan etacera Tere UA cura BTCA AAA Sica AAT HTS | aftegtewn Berta ava Dates acy Fea Aca atafeohas SE ot cca few frre atafethas epificen cata fam eee A Tara sere cot Sate ATR zag cry) Rete wy Tafa aE Fences acer Fafien ca we WIC ae eter Bom we Be Sons wey wal Raed [ fafem: Zn+HeSO, =HytZnSO, J) ereeptewra Beate ay Re TE AT ew aene ace cate a ww fam era tew “arTA-way aa aah wa-eat wit mT aN eR ~eraifew acs oa ee Te ICHT Ta As TATA (same level) we. Seon tena are fee 20 : “atefite green te at arr eet ate eH aot) enti ‘ae firecan ce areca ware TA a RCH TOT TNE ATT EWR AT CL sotfee sat ere finn ai fam Ste-eat etre fie erpttat ei Siow 1 ekaete ecwe acy TRcRTCMA TTC HTS BE ARTI] leva rtperatcaa crates meat atcerfabra e atcarhabta cafe ecaT wane e aha ort fafa ae shea aca tera fase garneots fife sa: Wal Ba, fares eaa= War, URCELNTAS PTTBA=V c.c.. siverttcaa BeOl= eC 5 ata B= RAFAT BAT ACHR wrt, Lf Fifer | ara Soca ANS Vera We Vercors ontera ay fey wT armpe RS ACS | OTE, SeNAES aca IDS AAA BIT = VRewITIy aurea Bit ANN ICA DTT 1 eR Tw BI atga Bret (P) Aaa; adie, etcwreers srtera Bit +f=P ; ROT OF RHC NTT BIT “aarya att — wate ators ott =(P —/) fafa (P—f) fafafitta bier aa °C Swore wee eMBA=V cc. ; SB V cc. CRogCER A N.T.P. ae etait ott 8 wtincs (0°C:@ 760 mm ) ay 6 Bidora Ew Te SEAT a a cc. Cate, N.T. P.-c® 1 c.c. WRcwIEAH eam ="00009 tty } frrea eua ° RR Fey = ee _. Forcsa garry efertire eecptcecas em W, W x 760(t+273) =e Wi K'00009-: V(P—f) x 273 x 00009 etecgtcwa SUR TIPS STRAT GATES fafa sai tte at onery fia 6 euafifato woKeery fate STPTHEAS YAOHSTA : a1 criera aiafitohie srifrcen afeacs eiteercatfee shire areera SACS EH) eat ARS BIG AE CAT OA ORS Pha sorta ataces fienkata erates Te carer yernpeta fefera CRE TY ARCS ee fitatea 1 ara, efga aifaats Loaf eaem ff eregtens area ats aft Ree etre AH RAT aie zen fcr) as (i) “Sar ety aterathis Tifice ates sficm cx eRcgTCas ByaR TAN. T. P-ce rere area 30 c.c.; arya Bane fata ea) ” [30 c.c. of hydrogen is produced at N.T.P. by the action of hydrochloric acid on ‘15 gm of a metal. Find the equivalent weight of the metal. ] N. T. P.-c® 30 c. c. erRcgteerAa emt = (30 x 00009) site ais, (30x 00009) ate etargtcea Bera sata oT eicete =015 afm ay ean 1 ory ekegreaa Geog sata ws arcatay=,, F15%1 30 x “00009 =555 ste ay OR, agpha Garrsots=55'5 Gi) 0218 ary aprrcafrata ecmtatfas artficen ace, Fafa BoB 17TC wrines we 7545 mm BA 218'2c.c. UecytaT at Boy sea SR ATA ARTS VT 4 Fate 17C wre Ba Tea OTA = 14'4 mm ; WHICAfANTA YRS FS 7 [2182 c.c. of hydrogen is produced at 17°C temp. and “7545 mm pressure by the action of HCl on 0'218 gms of? magnesium. The volume of gas produced is collected in a jar by displacement of water. Pressure of water vapour being 144 mm at 17°C. Find the equivalent weight of magnesium. ] , wRBICMCAT BIT = (P— f) = 7545 - 34'4=740;1 mm.’ 17°C wtIRs @ 7401 mm Bie eRowtteCAA ATER =2182 cc. 22 : enire wrm—eon ts * «me N.T.PS “dis °C 760 mm sitt 2182 cc. ATT arreat vf Vicc, wea way @ Dia TS aT BEET es SPAN; eige, V2760_218227401 Tt SS 5 174373 a 2182x7401 x 273 say, v= 282x740 1X27 _ 200 cc. N.T. Pte 200 c.c. efecpiceraa ema = (200 x “00009) sity ana Praca er RVI Wheat PUR FO = x ceftesicac ear 218 _ ip. 200 x-000097 1712 2 faortae als eduction method ) etacta atutad ace EPCOT AAT way Fratacta, states at tga were wafer facteR a Sr | Rea ated al feted Ate wa ay se afiate waficeraa ace ae a1 fags ey ere fea shan atga gare fate SUIT Sad, 8 Stl eucAT MBfAUCAT ACF ES Se LAG cv oifaates any Faaw eu Crete OAR xg GATS | (@) aattcafratcrs geateweta (Eq. wt. of magnesium ) + via TR a ws Hea eu Te! afew TA fea OF e FOS artacatrcre fro qe ax afeh eur ea otete qa wm Bre atin afe tea tea Ge wrest Bea shan atacafrace ‘aeyfect aiicahata wees (MgO) mt wife ea) ate ostestates wel cofcabica afin Stel sa un Reta eA et Oe OR SIA HAA] FA: aferoren=W, sty; afetoreMtartecaPa= We ane atc Bratcay (Mg) 68 =(W, - W)) ate aft orett + arta weETeS (MgO)=W, stu; (Sehr ema = (Ws — W, ) aparafare wangen : : 23 eat taht ore TH (W5— We ) ate saficer (Wa Wy) str aptscatinatort HOF TS EM AAMT TETRS TSA TA | ork 8 are eeiewer or ge ex Wa ys are Me W.-W, *. mtscafintera geurereta = oS paw Ctiteetere et J SE eottcaggersteweta (Ea. wt. of copper) ¢ aration are Sete ATES maafteta BSe afin amytact wanTRS afere sai ne aaa awe GE al) UIE, ateen Sta we ATS wotficwa fatten! abren sata TES twa Fal TL OR GR Ste aRS Fe ord Bas shica Rei facatfire wut sta fBiere” wertcs afte er) wt Cu+4HNOs;=Cu(NOs),+2NO,_+2H,O0 2Cu(NOs)s=2Cu0+4NOg+Og are: ciate wat we crtaciiaa ae ahr 07 eal were acre Fam Sta me oH oTehaTy ARE wTaIA ey war afew sore cet ae Tie crn wiheaT CT fafierta att) wea attire attaeTte fate wera ea, Feta aades cen Ste MAGS eas afarw Veer ak SAT TRA wad wae we ents ates Gera atin we sal oF Ste RES wal, afRB Faceta etacem Sea arf Mea ea yl OTT Sas shen eyfera sata seMee afte FA) aT adore ATA] FAS . afer eur =W, ate; E+ FANT CII= We aT ‘watcaa (Cu) e4t=(We- W,) att afet sata aqatvws (CuO) seq =W, ate + Safrcacra eur=(W,-W,) ste | xem FrIca unas Wea Wy gahi7s | (tare em] 24 : _ SAFE TTT — PETE He fee, fa, ons, agitate tortie wortetne utory atey aTRCRE, acd aaR ea EMTRCG fist fay FET wat At (ii) fyetae-orefS (Reduction Process)? HT © wer Gauneete fata vitae fafa ea ae) afe-os wig ssertcon Oty weeraa viattem arya wenee frwifre wea ae fatw MH A: Cu0 +H, =Cu+H,O ~ BAH ATER METRTET CO FFG Ta RT ER fread farara sca Aya em ATT TL gare ‘Real aH ater: aga Serica eaa = W, ate Feeracera ca etal etgA Sa = We sty oo. Wafers era =(W,— We) ate (W, -W,) any saficeay ae ae We ata ays cr wa, 8 atte Nah CHA TS OH wr ata tga ACF We aga "gameeera= (w= Wa)” sims (1) Qn sara ARGS safes wagE afm AR RAF WAS aK HHA Fy oer Ses saw 2508 ary SAT APTLG Me WU! SCAT YIRBEta Fw 7 2 gms of Cu was used to prepare copper nitrate, which was'then heated to obtain 2508 gms of copper oxide. What .is the equivalent weight of copper ? SAT AEH eT eUqA=2'508 sty; BUTAA HA =2 Ty oo SRR ACOTAA em = (2°508 — 2) = "508 «tty err oo ee wee Bie on, so» ex XB=3L5 ata SHCA CH Bua Sica SNTSta = 31'S THs HORT : 25 4. captiaa ReafS = coe a ( Analysis or synthesis of Chlorides ) @) frretcra gentewera ( Ea. we. of Silver.) 2 «e Foal Frere eri je! ok fqeray Feat wes wifeer ACF fafen abit Grarsra wrecked afaqe sai wit Ag+2HNO, =AgNO,+H,O+NOg ; u fiera aracicba acy fag afte afaars ay etecptatire anife (HCI) frre: ®t fafaenta sae fryers at frreta crtatteat safes weal wT: AgNO, +HCI=AgCl) +HN®, 5 o@ werfing firerera crate (AgCl) etfon ne on Bee sham we sai ey wtera Na Fat Prperad eR =W, ay; Fars cHtaterwq eaA=W, ste *. Grtficaa saa = (We -W,) ar 35'5 Btn cHifaa WS SIN eUCAT Fister ACH TSE eH wes Prawicaa yaohsets | Rea Fiereteaa YaST . “Wows 1079 [aiherme 54] @Ptonfena a aifratcr geutewete (Equivalent weight of Sodium or Potassium ) 3° catfenty a. 9btfinmra feosera ea SH Ua A! Bias, Beta weficea ae fafiea xbrT | wi’, Retest wares fata sal eH ACAPRETAT | sre: we ofaar onfery a] abrir arte ear Sa ok aq afew ory These sian ata acy atte afaaed feos fierera aTRCHE an Fete 1 ok Faftene fonts 1 tbrfaaTa catattcwa re catia frets caratte act aera GH was NaCl+AgNO,=AgCly +NaNOs 9% farera catattls (AgCl) Secret wafan OFF ax a mel ata atone nt ear”, crtfeata a oibtiraty caratacea eaa= W ‘ata fippets catattceg eu =We ata 26 atefirs pata—eelr ve fimetarm steatatie Seana 1078 an Grfiera statetiew oma =35'5; Quan fraeta catmew (AgCl) waa eHa= 1078+ 355=1433)8 ASA 1433 ate Preyera carates ten aH 355 ara cota RAR We tte Frerata carats tent wrn= BAW ora catia fares crtatte (AgCl) a& catia (Cl) are fantee cnfenra at aBtrara cata&w (NaCl #1 KCl) Bs, “s eak crtfeara caterers (NRC) Grtfacaa (Cl) ‘era. BEM en catfoara cerateceq (NaCl) eea=W, ate axeth ontertort (Na) emt ( Ww, - 25522) ata 1433 ads ee mate ele Nee ara cafertera 907 x355 —5xwW, ata crtfeatcra acy 1433 W1x1493_955xW,, 1433 . St) G55xW, 1433 * agen w,)%255 vos ae, Ge x 1493 _1) 355 ata ontfentera 77 Vix 1433-355) no» 3 areera=| =(1433x w)- 355=23 We (airetae 24] refs s wa a9, caiferter garnsete=x ox carta cata aide eH BATHTAA FORSCH WHATS | LEAT cntfonts crrattowa garnweta . =orferrrt pemraets + cathe wana mxt355 [ated carters GORFEtR= 355 ] “apie wTerE 27 CTIREH TH TERT ¢ onfer 6 crftonm ye gaitwers fareta e cette Te warnaery a ortfigats catattcea eer (W,) frerera crraitcen ew (We) (stad, catfeuta, frerera e catfiay (Na, Ags Cl) a8 TS I PK Fotcaa QATTS ) 24355 _W: SS, i07843557 wi a, xo (1493 9p)-255=23) { ster a t steals (i) 97 ara ontfenta catfarra sey Bee sata act 247 ay cnferr cate ae wi cnfvataa yahsete fata a1 (‘97 gm of sodium when burnt in chlorine forms 2°47 gm of sodium chloride. What is the equivalent weight of sodium ? } = catfeaty catattcea eo = 2°47 atte onfeatcaa eea="97 ora catfacas ews = (2°47 —°97) — rs ata 15 ata cette qe ea 97 atte catfentera ace 2 955 ate ctf ae ee 277895 09 are catfeatcaa ac, RRA citfertcan Garheety=23 . Gi) 1 atta oibtfiuta crtatée (KCl) 1926 atta Fiesta catnte (AgCl) seafeer ea firwtcan yrReeta=108 aa crifaraa PAR RCT 355 ; Abate CRRA FH . [1 gm of potassium chloride precipitates 1986 gm of silver chloride, Eq. weight of Ag=108 and of Cl=355. ‘What is the equivalent weight of potassium ? ] 28 atefire satea—ger te” 3a ea, Stina Yar seta= x xe _KCl-ea eam _ 35542 Claremq 35°5-+108 KClaa eam Few are wet AgChaa ona 355+x 1 3554108 1926 * ads, obtfiatc ganeeta=39 Git) cota arg cotartery aeAtecw afRetw Ake 0°1827 atta CHARS Ww aiten aH 01057 ate BETIS IQA GAT TEtA fai ee ‘ [0'1827 gm of chloride of a metal forms 0'1057 gm of oxide ‘on oxidation. What is the equivalent weight of the metal ? ] aafrecas puseta=8 aa crfaray=355 Wa Fa, ayia GANweta= x REI Sate wehCET x stra erg cw ye ee a FH {x+8) Sa TEMG ; eR 355 ate cat x atte arya aCe ye REN TSR STH +35) ay CHART CIR, PoeiRewa ew x +8 _ "1057 99" rartceq ema +355 1827) WT #= 2974. Rw ASA Bag, x= 39 5. any Stal eng effeatrn oats ( Displacement with another metal ) fxs a ahraa oy Sete atqces wad Rare Sate afeaifie aca og fareta aRRE aad eee fine efeaie aca fiaeta) a fafeerteh ub eter: . Zn + CuSO, = Cu } + ZnSQ Fe + "CuSO, = Cu ¥ + FeSQ Zn + 2AgNO, = 24g} + Zn(NOs)o THES Gey T STA : 29 o& fafeertefy ew cet Ate, ea ary ste age te Pansotcy ante fears aa; aaNts, 32°5 ata fee 315. OTR Sa, 28 sy Awa, S15 aT sere ea 325 ate fine 108 ate fraeta afore aca) Rea wat .cifetycra afer eee ag age’ Gareeta wifi wa aTgE GaweTT fat en * RETA FUFSIR ( Equivalent weight of Zinc ) AIS ae Fou frog fercag oar a9.ax Fel sata ataces Bae CRT) Fegre fafaata Ke fas gage Real areca aay warty wate fey afters sara aecfieg Bora) ak sta fkerw: ‘afin OF Fa a Very CHF MS) aA SASHA Aa FA: foray ema =W, Ot Stay ea = We oT SCAT YURFSta = 315 W, any Sate W, atte fens afeattte aca. , 315 atta atta eefeata era WU} 315 rm firey ‘2 / wom firwea gearewers WO x315=32'5 . ( tretere 7 aa ofertas refers aha, ferety 6 Fetter wus otne fitg say aa! aise] s (i) 2:06 ora fore sata ataceb wat were 2 ate sata cifeatfire aca fircea york seta=32'5, stead ‘yore SIFT? ad [2°06 gms of zinc displaces 2 gms of copper from a copper sulphate solution. Equivalent weight of Zn =32'5; ‘What is the equivalent weight of copper ? } 2:06 atta fons efferatfire ara 2 atta etts S25aT yw apg x BBS —3155 ate etre wal FettceN Gert 3155 30 atefire THESE Ye ‘wheat 1. facereete zat (Law of Reciprocal proportions) 3441 #41 at aber UIT eTR (eq, wt.) ETM RN CT BeTEA wat aNTRRI HTL 2, widen Grew ate 8, waRATUTAT 8 oxy TRTETUTTTI ; Fe, EHC © TREGIHT 00, OH, HO att tet ata ok OH eRe free off FacareTTS @ HEMET A STAT AACE? +) 8, frotcr eres gerterets fate oferty 1°78 ary faBfers ammeeE STE LAS atte Seite aay AAR CHTTRA MIHATE MITE 41% ATTA SMITA SUE FST 4. Freie etree efeaiis ner HARA eI RCT Garrett fay Sface? OB a ATE eIatS STONE © BIC 278°75 0.0. OE RCETOT Bene Fa aigbagenraers fia Fal . 6, 100 oy Mg 65°6 ary mrafaceraa Ay Ie EH att 8 ay OO, Te A 1 Hy-09 107) Mg-28 yrureaeta fra Fa 6. carereta sficw fe caw, werner crtfacaa acy qe eal ge «eR Grats ea ATA oF cararky GUBCw erreacaa efAN.A BHAT 8 44%; COTETA PUNE FS? 7. froica ciifeacaa yuraete fate sfacry oa cya carers anf snfeat4 98-119 5 gts PUhFett +5? 8. 49 at stg HClog acm fatten 22°C @ 75H mm. BIT 295 0.0. 8% erteprces Berg ara igha genteweta fda wat 9. fe fe mgm eritcaa goueers fade ea vet? co cata os grt wfm Whe) 1118 sta Tots 0198 TefrerTa aCe Te Ea Ste TEES TT Fra Sartre Gentewere AT a 10. ae orga carats caifacma fants =88'11% ; arrfacaa Ga eeTE— 85°; aigita gerterets fete wat . 11, 105 atm ety 1°50 ary TEARS CSN Sea aTyBa geuteaets ffs ea) 12. LOm foe TRE Tie BhyE sem co Mya ARES atom Sun dre Gea aie orton ain 1:9458. ats wate) aba geuirery fafa a1 Questions to be discussed and oxygen, sodium and chlorine, and nitrogen and hydrogen combine? TEAS Faoheers . 31 What will be'the equivalent wt. or wis. of nitragen'in $fMlMNO, NO, NO; and N40, ? 8. What is meant by equivalent weight? OEy jXf{i called combining wt.? How is it related to atomic weight ? How wduld ygu determine the ‘equivalent weight of carbon? * : 4, How would you determine the equivalent weight of vine ? Describe What is its equivalent weight ? (Ane, 13) ‘What is meant by the equivalent weight of a metal ? 0-918 gm, of Mg give 218°2 c.c. of moist Hy at 17°O and 764°5 mm. from HOl. Find the equivalent woight Bf the metal. Aquooy tension at 17°0—14-4 mm, \( Ans, 19°94) A metal guins weight on burning. How would you determine 09. wt. ‘of Mg, by burning it? 100 gms. of Mg combine with 66°6 gms. of oxygen and 8 gms of oxygen ‘can combine with 1 gm of hydrogen, Kind the equivalent weight of Mg. _ (Ans. 19°19) ~"7. Explain what you understand by combining weight of an element. Tron forms two chlorides conteining 84°4% and 44% of iron, What will be the equivalent woight of iron ? . Arrnat wh. of e motel of og. wt. 12 will give 0475 gm. of chloride? ‘ig. wt. of Cl=85'5 (Ans. 0:12 gm) 3 2pm. of KOl solution gives 1926 gms of AgOl when trosted with SeFino. solution. ‘Taking oq. wi. of Ag as 108, and chlorine 85°5, ‘ealeulate the oq. wt. of potassium. . (Ans. 89°006) 10. Whatie meant by combining wt.? H,S contain 91% 8, OuCl, 48'41 % of Cu, HCL 97°28 % of Ol, CuO 79°82 % of Ou. Fingghe equivalent * weights of 8, Cu, Ol and 0, r . {11 2:47 gms of CuO wore obtained by oxidising 1988 gms Ou by HNOp 885 gm of Ou was procipitated by “846 gms of Zn from ‘OuSO, volution, What aro the equivalent weights of Ou and Zn? Knowing the equivalent ‘weight of copper how oaii you determine the equivalont wt of iron 29 , (Ans. 81°75, 89°6) Mw ‘1 gm of metal gave on treatment with dil. mineral acid 84°2 c.c. ‘hydrogen at N. T. P, Oaloulate the equivalent wt, of the metal. (Ans, 89°49) 18, O'177 gm of a motel when dissolved iggilute acid evolved 177 c.c. of dry hydrogen at 19°0 and 766 mm pressure, Find the equivalent wt, of the metal. . * (Ans. 11°8) 14, 1°05 gms of » metsl gave on | oxidation 1°60 gms of its oxide, Find the equivalent wt. of the metal. (ans, 16°64) 32. anaes wT —SST We 16. 1/0 gm of {pure metal when dissolved in nitric acid and the resulting nitrate decompdsed: by" hest yield 19458 gms of the oxide. What is the equivalent we. of the metal 7° (Ans, 89°55) 16. Copper forms two oxides. On heating 1 gm of each in hydrogen, the residues weighed 0'799 and “888 gme respectively. Csloulate two values of 09. wits. pf copper. « (Ane. 81°8, 68°4) fry hydrogen on passing over 1°68 gms of heated copper oxide Froduses 0°86 gm of water and 1°26 gms of coppor. What are the equivalent ‘weights of copper and oxygen ? 18, In an experiment 0'8 gm of « metal liberated 85 6. 6. of hydrogen at 0°C ond 760 mm. Find the equivalent wt. of the metal. (Ans, 8°99) 4 19, Ilusirate the Law of oquivnignts fr0mn the following date; < KO; K-695%; CL478% , At wis of KI: K-986%; [764% ‘ K-01, class iol I—78-2% ; Ol—21'8% and I—19069 19 90. 1.gmof magnesium displaces 0'088 gm of hydrogen, 9 gms of silver and 5°25 gms of copper. What aro the equivalent wte, of these element (Ans. Mg—19'05, 4g—108'4, Cu—68'8) ig aamafes_ sag fate abies tw ofitefS eo efiet: starts PARFSHAx CATAS—Atomic weight =Equivalent ° weight x Valency, ya ee AS yI—Dulong and Petit Law; anifietca’ ef—Cannizzaro’s method; fassrafay a— Mitscherlich's Law ; staatefae wtt—Atomic heat ; Stcifwa wit—Specific heat oraatfae ere Aor aeneT erica maT oA AIH TE STOTT erates sicetoa aad satel cron tedin) oraarifer omcae weiner FCF4 (Oxygen Unit) a1 Bone eat eRe Tata cH Ui RewTRCAT orate eat 1 afer mat are crea fererdia cw RE aTifeicate ae oF WOR Tate as SAM CaM TTT ate refCT oe TET eTE serra Baread Stal FURR cHeN! Tete) Rew aw agers eer) PRATT GUT S YTS AT ATG, AIST LH, GIMME VA ICTY ATE Freatratrr refs ETAT wreRTIfee eas fle téacaT TEES aerate aatda Oe a1 oma AAAICE We CaTATH wre aimaTgA ABS UW AES HA. ARV CCHIT TAT AT BATTS BFE TN CGA! RRCYICHA aOR eq we xan UEKER aaa Gaal AT cota Ae Aeteda Aaaty awed |r} CrAy ot cafe onreda trates ema a ora attra taafes ema 12; Fara we, sh Bi4q AMT 1218 Mew ATLA ARTA ST aa Becafratcara raat] os VACBICMTAA TANIA BAaty 238 4 STAT | wie, BBcafratcas araataigs eer 238 ; [rraartfas OFA ANH eT @ FART ATO eefAS cara Sal VATE |). oimstcifass cor fete sas eer a= ( Oxygen unit in determining atomic weight ) 1803 qaicw HaatTes erE a1 ema faces scam feat wraba | foots eecyicea Taatig ee 1 efaa dis, testa aaatam 6% Lemar 6s (Unit) 1 afin wats scalfay ‘aateda aaty, eat eee TANT GATT FGed STH wre fal shan fafon mI-3 34 . ates witm—eeH te calor streets oar, Rex era | 1805 qticw cabfernta fee CH. 0%, IA (J. S. Stas) weeaT ttaattfte omy 16 wets wafer Aamtia ok 16 emacs ya wel ase fan sate clo rraatafieg ‘oor Fen ware sei erase wea! cae cea Faten Saver eeewicacas Ganeeta Fite wa 1; fee 1938 ama “fafex tere aera (H,O) sate acca clera celfae agaTS faced @fami cre ate cx Rete wef ARCHIE BRATS 1008 8 ; Bate VBwrecaa rtaatsfas eaq 1008 ae. weficeaa 16. . : sefigaa ern ame cle ored For Te RRM cal ta area, fare erRcutoma cam cal tta wT AT wie, TEuTTA fafen chem tants emerge a a eaeECT (base or unit) waficeaa otamtfas ewa-16 «al er), ated, fafen clfae rice SETS cht Ferd Sfem 16 Stn wighiceaT aC ee ern clfere ote ye er Ure are titer fade shim oz ation staataee oar a ory fen em we saficeaa araatthae ema 16 «fica etcptcacaa (H) state ean 1008, stra (C) 1201, atechteecaa (N) 14:008, crtfeatcaa (Na) 22°997 Gertfi 1 1938 Sterena oer aafoacra treaties eae 16 af ware Glen tants ema MOE Sa ME! SY, atefae Fretdla nem stare oe eae Atetad @ ARETE ERECT sitaatetiae ews 1 aa] ar * Soper © otsteaes ware (Equivalent weight and Atomic weight ) RSS AIC ART ua figaere statae ory fafa Fa mwas stag, calf neds otaattfas eacer ace BETS tere eee aa ATE BEATA | TASH, CHA owe clfare sericea ttaatafice wwe (At. wt)=A "on calf stytets caterer ( Valency )=V 7 OR allfas sted garkeeta ( Ea. wt, )=E omeatstes wary FH ‘ 35 cqrarete mani sear ae are, “Co calfirar states catwTe BS CHE Care MLE SE MATE ELRBICO st CW AR RCS otic | (els aca catewL 2 ; IE wePiICwA (O) eee etcetera AaNtis (H) ace TS Veal sa Sta WH AY (HgO) 1 wi8 aH ety, cry aif tnffa cater! V, ZAR. Vanes Becereaa saat cals era a taataa AC Te RCS TAY V ners eastern taatea ea = Vx 1=V ae alfre tate wah tamtsatema =A WIR, taataa onehta fas taataa owe at ema fete cot ata: V- te} HCH RTRURTCHA THATS ACH TE RECS tC ASIN emcaT calfare ateh 1 ts mca RTRCRTCRA THAT ACH ATH RECS ATH 4 stn omer cite tnt Parser Aen aETH 1 Sty emT VeEAT ACF RS ST eUEAT cH cata ale ante gS eH OTE oy tereka Punsera Tt Vetoreas eas | . BI, 4 saline anteda garneeta=E aw, A=ExV a E=& wadis, arte = TRS or wat, ataratie ORR= GeURsete x cateTe) Se, VHBRE weRd=SRRercMd eras x ptemeh _ ASEXV , [ Atomic weight = Equivalent weight x Valency ]* at wyate aerrote ceca clita Satoh sttarsfie ory ‘fata ea UH! 36 arate witr—eeh ts. tet ¢ (i) WERACHETA GAT wetT 8 a CHteret 2: weTCHTAT ates CRE TE 7 states eFT e YerReere, wy aE staatefee eRe=A=EXV=8x2=16. . Gi) cnfeatar garkeeta=23 , cat@rel=1; Beta vraatafas CFE FT? A=Ex V=23x1=23 catfemteaa restates BRI=23 Piatetaes wees frre ( Determination ‘of Atomic weight ) calfrs sated otantafas ony farts fefea afer ww faafatie refs salt gafatoe : 1. ge 6 cafe waa (Dulong and Petit Law ) eicats mafs 1 2. AcetnceaA eat way srifretcara ( Cannizzaro ) orate 4 3. fawstafacra aatefe waa ( Mitscherlich’s Law of Isomorphism ) etatt %afe 1 8 FHIE taf RIOTS TaAITas FE iA SIRE sHaf rate ete I RR srafe feat saerer sian cater alfa ernteda cH tanta ‘eee fete Sai ee IE AteTaTT wTEUIAAT (approximate ) fee fafea oltre seeds gearkeeta fagaere fife ea a ak calfas owiehe qtarete afieera fea an url of, Cott Girne: omic gemtcea mH CtteTE! et sim cre cations omicets Fgh ctameties ewe fix ean at ard, A=EXxV. oraattias wary fate ‘ 37 satarmiafew gare fadaotefin atetas AS calfans orrreds srraatafece ere Fifa ear eH AteTaTS ator: (i) ataca, cabfare overea Fag Geoteyeta Fee eat eH (i) Fears, Bre cecata aa tafe wae cafes otnrede atETHAS ( approximate ) HtMtsfee ORE fa Fa GTI Gi) wore, attire sattes eeue YaThseta Wat ern shan calfars srrteda Cateye) Pea sate) [ A=ExV a V=A/E)) care az AAR sh Prat) Se, Fa swe Sater Baw tea at) Pew takes ery are eeu wires Sa VRC tea | CHWS eae Shor fabedl tert Cater eH a SrtA ea GH (iv) Byhe, calfare ated AR CoTETe-AT TR VRSCA 84 Bhim ABs ( sxact ) otAAtHas Owe Fea Fa TTI 1 gre 6 conBs ae eaters ( Application of Dulong and Petit Law ) Fear giant @ cHB6 1819 Rte acrweh sha (solid) cafe sored strarmtsties Sie we WOTBATe FRB ( Atomic heat ) fata wor) clas sareda aatcofigs wt ox sates eG we confafes feb (Specific heat) ax wrbhis acacda etwas ae Raat SIT A UTTBARS FREY AT . Aiea ett atcriew et ree Or Teer en LA Sy hear) area fare cen Uy, Sha wae ae cafe tried sates wit Cabra oa alana Pea eT mets OTF ae a cafes afta colts orrtcds creme ok staat wrt = 6° 4, Lalas ott arta, fiftea e cater Rent wetfes waa afia Rel acme Butera cra TA 6 CHE za ee MITA. Awan, rates oFG= 38 : athe ota—geT ve a8 TE RCS Sha Geet alftre teres traatafas we fae Ba WAGES: WR 9 CHE ae RATA BSA MARTH cHTA Calf state © strane Pee ar STC PARE Ut ‘ + =Sotaarafas wir =6'4 ( areatfas ) ats, tates @are— — oS a wicnites om we, wibhre eab= 64 - £84 My uA Cmrtaiee feB At we Sp. heat ) ats, carat eat afta calfirs stntela atcha wrt Fite ahaM CAR MAT Uta 64 Rare GIs wae calfns sates Srarfas ony fata ea 78a), Tet s (i) cate aa aga ateifrs wrt=057; Bata PORTS = 37,8, aTgba Pays ataartfee oy fea ea BAe cas we aA, 64 artes ery = = 11228 atc Prs wn oe "| stamttfae eee _ 11228 argh ctaret= ieee 378 7293 [ caterer 29 eee, wat Site BCG tied al) 29 marty faabael ofan 3; UAT arya cateTe 3] RoI, eos Fs taatsee wT = Gasera x CaS . =378x3=1134 Gi) srtafafraterr ates wit = 2143; yanseta=9 ; wotafatratcay fay’ ataatthes ere Fe 7 : BAS CoE a SEAT TfAta Rte 64 64 araatias orraatatas ORR ttn ery 21437 starteias one fafa 39 aoreiaferareaa NOC = seaneeta » 9 =3'3=3 eae =3 [ Sta, CaeTS! Sate VAT eitea at ] qwak STMT ares TATTTTAS AE : = Gare et x cateTe=9x 3=27 2. =pyfererica ore (Cannizzaro Method ) erefie atic, face ace we aad (474 bre) srarraiee ery fates artfierea tafe sera Serene aA Ba ME! SEAT teerw RMAs stattfes wrT fife ‘sfam fates ee grnaer se staat eres fagae vas eat | 3. frosts ya Fah ( Mitscherlish Law method ) qrscafrata tact e fers ataceba wired stafe crface eae oree | mtmatiny ataqces e fins HracRbA wah wae fontan ot Rife wets Bis teR shy wiry e fecwr fret es AP el State ata aad zate aT Afr oat fine stare eta gate cred ety wea fone atacacta ante aytocaPaate ATeCRTRA TERA CE | . aatefee a1 wttcrtaafirea ( Isomorphism )$ ce AeA Gifts sete oar (i) aoe atatear GRE wd sa, (ii) AIK fet abs teh sfirw tea wa (iii) ae Gor Bir area firs tta—orat wiare mates WES a OtecnteRTTT faprbter' ( Isomorphous crystal ) a er wa eRe stor wy sche am MTHS a ORCI aL HOTA | 40 . eaters wT — POT NG werets murat, caliare veteda eres: L fee ated (ZnSO,, 7H,O), wirafanta arecre (MgSO,, 7H_O), rata ateceb ( FeSO,, 7H20). 2. siprfrara ricerca’ (KCIO,) 6 tbrfiery staartera’ (KMnO,). 3, Pts ateTARw (CugS), frasta atv (Ag,S) 4. sbtfinra ataces (KSO,), abrfirata carta (KgCrO,) 5. aretari técab (MnCOs) [ catcorcartaTes ) ae ara farmra srécaB (CaCOs) [ ames] | 6. epreatfaars atacet ( (NH,)9SO, ]}' oa abtfrary araces [KeSO,] ATS Tar 6 CABS wraarsfas wrcrs aw ert Seas OATH faery fae staf fafen clits sereela aarete facwaa ofan cae ard (1819) ares IE aH BE THRCMTTAFeEN (Law of Isomorphism ) eer #094 | ate ae: sates ecw mMMNTS ot TTI ATW atcw weie aa BTS CET FIM FR TET MgSO,, 7H,O @ FeSQ,, 7H,O—artacafiata @ aTaRcaa ot mies Cal GUa WR STETS CaAeY, TSA TTET oR AAT mente ee —arday wy aTiscafiary (Mg) we twa (Fe) 4aT4, gaia faferer) etme aateis cafe state otters Fafapata ets orami wie culfiree tate fia aes sraMtgCe aiferatrs ( replace ) Fea, arte aa “SR TeM otamCH sata NTS Heaiga Wim erferatfre eH | a catfines operl eragaet aretis cat sea HR FaromTafaCTT aaa cat Cats waqen Shae oretcra TraaTtfas wey fafa ea HH, Sera: Wl #4, a satay cet cifas mit A eB aferttie ew W, 6 We aay oma aftad: Ae Bost sraatatas ert pay; FETA ee oF cre eat ate, + rreatsias ere fate ‘ al wr aatahe clon Bs ws raat eifeatie sfice! zea confines tet Aner taut, marl=calfats tart Bead etfwattirs TaN | SKE, sree erferitas: owt otaatafae em Anca efegie ema B-a eferttie era * A-a oTRaTtfae ema 4 raatafas ems At afenite eur _ A-a atamtafes ew Wye aaa, pats T= Ba afeurte era arafae ema Ww, tetany $ (i) AaTEA CugS ar AgeS cola gBBcw meretcaa (S) arenfane sfaata watery 20°14 @ 1294; satan staatefas eFy=6557 , fiawray tardies wey fay sa) [In two isonrorphous compounds of CugS and AgsS percentages of sulphur are 20°14 and 1294; At. wt. of copper is 65°57. What is the atomic weight of silver ? ] CugS chet Cu-aa fasta =100-2014=7986 ets, 79°86 atta Cu 20°14 sty S-8 ACF ES AggS cater Ag-aa “feats = 100 — 12°94 =87°06 atts 87:06 ota Ag, 12°94 att S-98 FCF Ee UH; was 20°14 sty aropeicaa ACH Ag Se tea mata AAT = 87°06 x 2014 2°04 OT = 135'5 airy faworafacra wa egal Aa

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