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6.1 Determination of raw mixture burnability

A burnability test was executed with Mixture acc. to client modules according to the standard
POLYSIUS burnability test.

For the burnability test the laboratory raw meal is prepared as follows:

First, the raw mixture is moistened with water in a porcelain basin until plastic consistency is
reached. Then the sample is divided into equal portions and 20 equally sized granules
(1.5 cm³ = 1.4 cm diameter) are manually formed.

These granules are dried for 120 minutes at 105°C.

In an electrically heated laboratory muffle furnace the granules are preheated for 30 minutes at
600°C in a platinum dish. The granules then are burnt at temperatures of 1350°C, 1400°C,
1450°C and 1500°C in a muffle furnace. The residence time at the respective temperatures is 15
minutes.

The granules of each temperature range are ground in a laboratory vibrating mill until the analys-
ing fineness is reached and the content of free lime is determined chemically according to
FRANKE.

The burnability index evaluated from the values for free lime is calculated with a method which is
based on extensive tests with numerous raw meal samples. Tests with more than 520 different
raw meals of 68 countries form the reference. The mean value of all the samples corresponds to
a BI95 of 100.

The BI-value determined for the respective sample can be assigned to one of seven burnability
classes.

< 60 very easy burnability

60 - 80 easy burnability
80 -100 normal burnability
100 - 120 slightly difficult burnability
120 - 140 difficult burnability
140 - 160 very difficult burnability
> 160 extremely difficult burnability


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The results of the burnability test are summarised in table 8.

The burnability index of Mixture acc. to client modules lies in the range of easy burnability,
showing a BI96.8 of 67 compared to the average value of 100. The respective burnability at a lime
standard of 95 even would be lower (BI95.0 = 52), lying in the range of very easy burnability.

The attached diagram ( annex ) allows to extrapolate the respective burnability index for different
lime standards. The control analysis allows to check the performed mixing calculation and the
preparation of the test raw mixture.

Table 8: Results of the burnability test

Material: Mixture acc. to client modules
Burnability test control analysis
Raw meal fineness: R [%]
200 µm 1.1
90 µm 14.7
Burning temperature CaO (acc. to Franke)
[°C] [%]
1350 6.20
1400 4.68
1450 3.43
1500 2.46
BI of test raw mixture 67
BI at a lime standard = 90 30 Silica ratio 2.25
BI at a lime standard = 95 52 Alumina ratio 1.25
BI at a lime standard = 100 96 Lime standard (Kuehl) 96.8
Classification
< 60 very easy burnability
60 – 80 easy burnability
80 – 100 normal burnability
100 – 120 slightly difficult burnability
120 – 140 difficult burnability
140 – 160 very difficult burnability
> 160 extremely difficult burnability