Hapter: Lesson 1.1 Think & Discuss (P. 1)

MCRBG-0101-SK.
qxd 5-25-2001 11:10 AM Page 1
CHAPTER 1
Lesson 1.1 8. Every other number is zero. The other numbers alternate
between 3 and 3. The next number is 3.
Think & Discuss (p. 1)
9. Each number is 0.5 greater than the previous number. The
1. Answers may vary next number is 8.5 0.5 or 9.0.
Sample answer: 10. Each number is 6 less than the previous number. The next
A consistent runway naming scheme could prevent acci- number is 5 6 or 11.
dents due to confusion of which runway to use. 11. The sum of any three consecutive positive integers is 3
2. The missing runway numbers are 50 10, or 5, and times the middle integer.
230 10, or 23.
1.1 Practice and Applications (pp. 6–9)
Skill Review (p. 2)
12. 13.
1. 17 9 8 2. 9 17 8
3. 5 3 5 3 8 4. 3 5 3 5 8
5. 7 2 7 2 9
14. 15.
6. 7 2 7 2 5
7. 6 5 6 5 1
8. 5 6 5 6 1
9. 22 42 4 16 20 16. Each number is 3 more than the previous number. The
10. 5 2 25 4 29
2 2 next number is 10 3 or 13.
11. 12 12 1 1 2 17. Each number is half the previous number. The next num-
ber is 1.25 2 or 0.625.
12. 52 02 25 0 25
18. Each number is 11 times the previous number. The next
13. 36 4 40 6.32 number is 1331 11 or 14,641.
14. 1 49 50 7.07 19. Each number is 5 less than the previous number. The next
15. 225 100 325 18.03 number is 10 5 or 15.
16. 9 9 18 4.24 20. Numbers after the first are found by adding consecutive
even integers. The sixth number is 10 more than the fifth
1.1 Guided Practice (p. 6) number, so it is 27 10 or 37.
1. A conjecture is an unproven statement that is based on 21. Numbers after the first are found by adding consecutive
observations. whole numbers. The sixth number is 6 more than the fifth
number, so it is 15 6 or 21.
2. A conjecture can be proven false by finding a counterex-
ample. 22. Each number is the square root of the previous number.
The next number is 2.
3. 4.
23. Numbers after the first are found by adding a zero after
the decimal point of the previous number. So the next
number is 1.00001.
24. 16 blocks 25. 28 blocks
5. Each number is 3 times the previous number. The next
number is 54 3 or 162. 26.
figure 1 2 3 4 5
6. The numbers are consecutive perfect squares. The next distance 4 8 12 16 20
number is 42 or 16.
1
7. Each number is 4 the previous number. The next number 27. Each distance is 4 times the figure number.
is 4 4 or 1.
28. The twentieth figure would have a distance of 4 20 or
80 units.
Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc. Geometry 1

All rights reserved. Chapter 1 Worked-out Solution Key
MCRBG-0101-SK.qxd 5-25-2001 11:10 AM Page 2
Chapter 1 continued
29. The sum of any two odd numbers is an even number. 41. Answers may vary.
30. The product of any two odd numbers is an odd number. Sample answer:
31. The product of a number n 1 and the number n 1 17 1 16 17 5 12
is always equal to the difference of the square of the 17 2 15 17 6 11
number and 1 n2 1.
17 3 14 17 7 10
32. 101 34 3434
17 4 13 17 8 9
101 25 2525
These are all of the possibilities for the number 17. None
101 97 9797 of these have two addends that are prime.
101 49 4949 42. After 8 doubling periods, there will be 3 28 768
The product of 101 and any two digit number is the four- billion bacteria.
digit number formed by writing the two digits in order 43. F F F F F F F F F F F
twice.
F C C C C C F F C C C C C C F
33. 11 11 121 F F F F F F F F F F F
111 111 12,321 C5 F12 C6 F14

1111 1111 1,234,321 44. The pattern is that the y-coordinate is half the opposite of the
11,111 11,111 123,454,321 x-coordinate. So the y-coordinate is 1
2 3 112.
1
The square of the n-digit number consisting of all ones is 45. The y-coordinate is more than the opposite of the x-
2
the number obtained by writing the digits from 1 to n in coordinate. So the y-coordinate is 12 3 212.
increasing order, then the digits from n 1 to 1 in decreas- 46. The y-coordinate is one less than half of the x-coordinate.
ing order. This pattern does not continue beyond n 9. The y-coordinate is 12 3 1 32 1 12.
34. The counterexample is 2. The number 2 is prime, but it is 47. E 48. D
not odd. 49.
35.–39. Sample answers are given. Number of
points on circle 2 3 4 5 6
35. 2 5 3
Maximum number
Three is not larger than 5, which is the larger number. of regions 2 4 8 16
36. 2 3 6 50. Conjecture: For n points on the circle, there are 2n1
The product is even, but 3 is not even. regions in the circle. (This conjecture is not true.)
37. 2 3 6 51. There are only 31 sections with 6 points on the circle. So
the conjecture is false.
The product is positive, but neither factor is positive.
38. 14 12 but 12 is not less than 14. 1.1 Mixed Review (p. 9)
39. Let m 2.
52.–59. (3, 8) y
m 1 2 1 1 1
(2, 7)
m 2 2 2
(5, 2)
2
1
is not greater than 1. 2 2 x
2 2 (4, 1)
40. Answers may vary. (2, 6)
(4, 6) (3, 8)
Sample answer:
20 3 17 32 13 19 (1, 10)
22 5 17 34 11 23
60. 32 3 39 61. 52 5 5 25
24 7 17 36 17 19
62. 4 44 16
2
63. 7 7
2
7 49
26 7 19 38 7 31
64. 3 2 42 3 4 4 9 16 25
3
28 11 17 40 17 23
65. 52 5 5 12 12 25 144 169
122
30 13 17
66. 2 22 22 2 2 4 4 8
2
2 Geometry Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc.

Chapter 1 Worked-out Solution Key All rights reserved.
Chapter 1 continued
67. 102 52 1010 55 28. D 29. G 30. H 31. H 32. E 33. E 34. G
100 25 125 35. H 36. P, Q, R, and S 37. K, R, Q, and N
68. 625 69. 40,000.4 70. 19 71. 3 38. K, L, R, and S 39. M, N, P, and Q
40. K, L, M, and N 41. L, M, P, and S
Lesson 1.2 42. L, M, R, and Q 43. M, N, R, and S
44. AB consists of the endpoints A and B and all the points
Developing Concepts Activity (p. 12)
on the line AB that lie between A and B.
1. The intersection of AB and CD is point G. →
45. CD consists of the initial point C and all the points on
The intersection of AB and EF is point G. the line CD that lie on the same side of C as point D.
2. The intersection of CD and EF is point G. 46. Two rays or segments are collinear if they are on the
↔ same line.
3. The intersection of planes M and N is AB.
→ →
47. CA and CB are opposite rays if A, B, and C are collinear
4. Yes; Sample answer: They lie in plane CEG.
and C is between A and B.
1.2 Guided Practice (p. 13) 48.–51. Sample figures are given.
1. The symbol PQ means the line segment PQ or the end- 48. J 49. P
points, P and Q, and all the points on line PQ that are T
M Q
between P and Q.
K
→ L
The symbol PQ means the ray with initial point P and all
the points on line PQ that lie on the same side of P as Q. R S
The symbol PQ means the line that passes through P and Q. 50. 51.
→ X W Y A B C
The symbol QP means the ray with initial point Q and all
the points on line PQ that lie on the same side of Q as P. 52. The railroad tracks illustrate the intersection of two lines.
2. 53. The dart and dartboard illustrate the intersection of a line

S R T and a plane.
A. This is true because points R and T are on the same 54. The two mirrors illustrate the intersection of two planes.
side of S. ↔ ↔
55. AB and BC intersect at B.
B. This is true because the three points are collinear. ↔ ↔
56. AD and AE intersect at A.
C. This is false because the points R and T cannot both ↔ ↔
57. HG and DH intersect at H.
be an initial point of the ray unless they are the same
point. 58. Plane ABC and plane DCG intersect at line DC.
D. This is true because point R is between point S and T. 59. Plane GHD and plane DHE intersect at line DH.
E. This is true because they both mean the points S and T 60. Plane EAD and plane BCD intersect at line AD.
↔ 61.–67. Sample figures are given.
and all the points on ST between S and T.
F. This is false because the rays go in opposite directions 61. 62.
even though they share the points on ST.
3. False 4. True 5. False 6. True 7. True 8. False
63. 64.
9. False 10. False 11. True 12. True 13. True

14. True 15. False 16. True 17. K 18. N 19. M
20. F 21. L 22. F 23. J 24. M
65. 66.
25. N, P and R; N, Q, and R; R, P, and Q
26. R, S, and T; S, T, and U; T, U, and V; V, T, and S; V, T,
and R; U, T, and R
27. A, W, and X; A, W, and Z; A, X, and Y; A, Y, and Z; W, X,
and Y; W, X, and Z; W, Y, and Z; X, Y, and Z

Chapter 1 continued
67. 93. 5 7 25 49 74 8.60
2 2
94. 32 22 9 4 13 3.61

95. 32 32 9 9 18 4.24
68. Lines CA and DB intersect at the vanishing point V. 96. 52 102 25 100 125 11.18
69. Lines CE and DF intersect at the vanishing point W.

Lesson 1.3
70.–72.
A E
C 1.3 Guided Practice (p. 21)
G
V H W 1. A postulate is a geometric rule that is accepted without
B F proof.
D
2. Sample Answer:
The dashed lines are the hidden lines of the house.
AB BC AC.
73. C 74. B 75. D A B C
76. 3. BD BC CD
AB BD AD
Subtract AB from both sides, and we get
BD AD AB.
4. CD 5 02 2 02
5 lines have 10 6 lines have 15 52 22

intersections intersections 25 4
Yes there is a pattern. Each time a line is added to a 29
figure with n lines, n points of intersection are added.
5. GH 8 32 10 02
1.2 Mixed Review (p. 16) 52 102
77. Each number is 6 times the previous number. So the next 25 100
number is 216 6 or 1296. 125
78. The numbers alternate between 2 and 2. Since the last 25 5
number is 2, the next number is 2.
55
79. Numbers after the first are found by adding an 8 immedi-
6. MN 3 12 5 32
ately before the decimal point of the previous number and
a 1 immediately after the decimal point. Since the last 22 82
number had four eights and four ones, the next number is 4 64
88,888.11111.
68
80. Numbers after the first are found by adding consecutive
multiples of 3. So the sixth number is 15 more than the
4 17
fifth or 15 30 or 45. 217
81. 0 2 0 2 2 7. PQ 3 82 6 02
82. 3 9 3 9 6 52 62

83. 9 4 9 4 13 25 36
84. 5 2 5 2 3 61
85. 5 0 5 86. 4 7 4 7 3 8. ST 1 725 32
87. 3 8 3 8 11 62 82
88. 7 5 7 5 2 36 64
89. 21 100 121 11 100
90. 40 60 100 10 10
91. 25 144 169 13 92. 9 16 25 5

Chapter 1 continued
9. VW 1 22 2 62 19.
D E F
20.
G H J
32 42 DE EF DF GH HJ GJ
9 16 21. 22.
N M P Q R S
25
NM MP NP QR RS QS
5
23. QS QR RS
10. JK 1 32 2 52
6 QR QR
42 72
6 2QR
16 49
3 QR
65
24. QR RS 25. PQ QR
512 5 22
3 RS PQ 3
42 72
26. PQ QR RS ST PT
16 49
3 3 3 ST 20
65
9 ST 20
Yes, JK KL because they have the same length.
ST 11
11. JK 4 02 3 82
27. RP PQ QR 3 3 6
42 112
28. RT RS ST 3 11 14
16 121
29. SP PQ QR RS 3 3 3 9
137
30. QT QR RS ST 3 3 11 17
KL 2 42 7 32
31. LN LM MN LN 23
62 102
23 3x 8 2x 5 LM 3x 8
36 100
23 5x 3 348
136
20 5x 12 8
4 34
4x 20
234
MN 2x 5 2 4 5 8 5 3
No, JK and KL are not congruent because they do not
have the same length. 32. LN LM MN LM 7y 9
12. JK 7 10 3 2
2 2 143 7y 9 3y 4 7 13 9
3 5
2 2 143 10y 13 91 9
9 25 130 10y 100
34 13 y
KL 4 7 8 3
2 2 LN 143
3 5
2 2 MN 3y 4 3 13 4 39 4 43
9 25 33. LN LM MN LN 5z 2
34 5z 2 12 z 2 3z 32 512
7 7
Yes, JK KL because they have the same length. 5z 2 2z 2 52
10z 4 7z 7 7
1.3 Practice and Applications (pp. 21–24) 1
10z 7z 3 LM 2 z 2
13. 30 mm 14. 33 mm 15. 24 mm 16. 27 mm
3z 3 2
1
12
17. 18 mm 18. 34 mm
z1 12 2
1
22
MN 3z 32 3 1 32 3 112 412

Chapter 1 continued
34. AB 6 42 2 72 GJ 4 22 1 42
102 52 62 52
100 25 36 25
125 61
25 5 37. AC 0 32 2 82
55 32 62
BC 3 62 2 22 9 36
32 42 45
9 16 9 5
25 35
5 BC 0 62 2 52
AC 3 42 2 72 62 32
72 92 36 9
49 81 45
130 9 5
35. DE 6 3 8 62 2
35
92 22 CD 2 02 4 22
81 4 22 62
85 4 36
EF 0 6 2 82 2
40
6 6 2 2
4 10
36 36 210
72 AC and BC have the same length.
36 2 38. FG 5 52 6 12
62 02 52
DF 0 3 2 6 2 2 25
32 4 2 5
9 16 EG 1 52 4 12
25 42 32
5 16 9
36. GH 5 2 5 4 2 2
25
72 12 5
49 1 GH 5 42 1 42
50 12 52
25 2 1 25
52 26
HJ 4 5 1 5
2 2 FG and EG have the same length.
1 6 2 2
1 36
37

Chapter 1 continued
39. LN 2 82 3 62 QR 3 52 6 72
62 92 22 132
36 81 4 169
117 173
9 13 PQ and QR are not congruent because they do not have
313 the same length.
43. PQ 10 22 14 02
MN 2 12 3 72
32 102 122 142
9 100 144 196
109 340
PN 2 72 3 62 4 85

92 32 285
81 9 QR 4 102 2 142
90 142 122

196 144
9 10
310 340
No two segments have the same length. 4 85

40. PQ 1 42 6 42 285
32 22 PQ QR because they have the same length.
9 4 44. y
600
(734, 514)
13
400
QR 1 12 3 62
200
22 32
(0, 0)
4 9 200 400 600 x
13 45. length of track 734 02 514 02

PQ QR because they have the same length. 7342 5142
41. PQ 8 1 5 6
2 2
538,756 264,196
7 112
2
802,952
49 121 896 feet
170 The length of the track is about 896 feet.
QR 3 82 2 52 46. AE 26 262 1 562
112 7 2
02 552
121 49 0 3025
170 3025
PQ QR because they have the same length. 55
42. PQ 5 52 7 12 The distance from Alexandria to Eunice by flying
102 82 directly is 55 miles.
100 64
164
4 41
241

Chapter 1 continued
47. AK KE 0 262 0 562 52. Buffalo and Dallas: 3770 0.1 1192 miles
26 02 1 02 Chicago and Seattle: 5481 0.1 1733 miles
262 562 262 12 Miami and Omaha: 4395 0.1 1390 miles
676 3136 676 1 Providence and San Diego: 8079 0.1 2555 miles
3812 677 62 26 88 miles 53. AB AD DE EB
AB BV VE 40 26 32 56
2 2 50 02 0 02 50 502 30 02
50 152 30 302
36 402 12 322 26 362 1 122
502 02 02 302 352 02
2500 0 0 900 1225 0
142 242 42 202
50 30 35
102 112
115 yards
196 576 16 400
BC BF FC
100 121
50 152 30 302
772 416 221
50 502 15 302
28 20 15
652 02 02 152
63 miles
4225 225
The approximate shortest driving distance from
Alexandria to Eunice is 63 miles by way of Bunkie and 65 15
Ville Platte. 80 yards
48. Buffalo and Dallas CA CG GA
8436 50752 4034 23262 50 502 0 152
33612 17082 0 502 0 02
11,296,321 2,917,264 02 152 502 02
14,213,585 0 225 2500 0
3770 units 225 2500
49. Chicago and Seattle 15 50
6336 5986 2
8896 3426
2
65 yards
3502 54702 54. AB 15 02 30 02
122,500 29,920,900 152 302
30,043,400 225 900
5481 units 1125
50. Miami and Omaha 34 yards
6687 83512 4595 5272 BC 50 152 15 302
16642 40682 652 152
2,768,896 16,548,624 4225 225
19,317,520 4450
4395 units 67 yards
51. Providence and San Diego CA 0 502 0 152
9468 45502 7629 12192 502 152
49182 64102 2500 225
24,186,724 41,088,100 2725
65,274,824 52 yards
8079 units 55. C

Chapter 1 continued
56. CM MD CD 7. TB 3 02 4 02 y
2MD MD CD 32 42 C(1, 7)

B(3, 4)
3MD CD 9 16 2
3MD 18 25 T(0, 0) 2 x
MD 6 5 feet
B BC 1 32 7 42
57. PQ 2 02 10 202 20 322
42 32
22 302 122 16 9
4 900 144 25
1048 5 feet
2262
58. AB 10 82 1 152 6 42 Math and History (p. 25)
182 142 22 1.–2.

C
324 196 4
524
A B
2131
D
59. FG 7 42 11 422 38 602
112 312 222
3. AC AD and BC BD because they are radii of the
121 961 484 ↔ ↔
circles. It appears that AB and CD intersect at right
1566
angles.
3174
1.3 Mixed Review (p. 24) Lesson 1.4
60. 61. 1.4 Guided Practice (p. 29)
1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A
5. Yes, DEF FEG because their measures are equal.
62. True 63. False 64. False 65. True 66. True 6. Yes, DEG HEG because their measures are equal.
→ → → → → →
67. True 68. NM, PM 69. NQ, NM 70. PM and PQ 7. Yes, DEF and FEH are adjacent because they share a
→ → →
71. NM and NQ
common vertex, E, share a common side, EF, and do not
share any interior points.
Quiz 1 (p. 25)
8. No, GED and DEF are not adjacent because they
1. 8 2. 6 3.–6. Sample answers are given. share the points in the interior of DEF.
→ → → →
3. 9. E, ED, EF; about 35 10. M, ML, MN; about 120
→ → → →
11. J, JH, JK; about 75 12. S, SR, ST; about 90
4. 5. 13. straight 14. right 15. obtuse 16. acute
Practice and Applications (pp. 29–32)

→ → → → → →
17. X, XF, XT 18. N, NK, NE 19. Q, QR, QS
6.
20. A, EAU, UAE 21. C, BCD, DCB
22. T, PTS, STP

Chapter 1 continued
23. mABC 55 24. mXYZ 25 41. y right; answers may vary.
25. mDEF 140 1
x
Sample answer:
26. mABC mABD mDBC 1
1
1 A 8, 3 is in the interior of ABC.
B
45 60 1, 5 is in the exterior of ABC.
105 C
27. mDEF mDEG mGEF
42. y obtuse; answers may vary.
60 120 1 Sample answer:
x
180 1 3, 0 is in the interior of ABC.
A
28. mPQR mPQS mRQS C
0, 3 is in the exterior of
B
160 20 ABC.
140
Figure for 29–34 43. C y obtuse; answers may vary.
Sample answer:
B C B
130° A
1
3, 3 is in the interior of ABC.
50° 50°
A F 1 1 x 1, 1 is in the exterior of ABC.
D 80° 50° 1
E
29. mFAC mEAC mEAF 44. about 68° 45. about 148° 46. about 38°
47. about 140° 48. about 22° 49. about 132°
mFAC 100 mFAC mEAF mFAC
50. 14 points 51. 12 points 52. 18 points 53. 40 points
2mFAC 100
54. a. AOB, BOC, COD, DOE, EOF, FOG,
mFAC 50
GOH, and HOA
30. mBAD mFAC 50
b. AOC, BOD, COE, DOF, EOG, FOH,
31. mFAB mBAC mFAC 130 50 180 GOA, and HOB
32. mDAE mFAB mBAD mEFA c. AOD, BOE, COF, DOG, EOH, FOA,
180 50 50 GOB, and HOC
80 d. Answers may vary.
mBAD mEAF mFAC Sample answer: AOB and BOE
33. mFAD mEAF mDAE 50 80 130 55. m1 1810 1510 180 150 30
34. mBAE mBAD mDAE 50 80 130 56. m2 1810 3(10 180 30 150
35. acute; about 40. 36. right; about 90 57. m3 1510 310 150 30 120
37. obtuse; about 150 58. m4 3 1810 1510
38. 39. Sample answer: 2110 150

A 210 150
A C
D B E
60
C E
D 59. The difference between the numbers on each end of a
B runway is 18. So the runway opposite that of runway 3
would be 3 18 21.
40. y acute; answers may vary
1 60. The difference between the numbers at the opposite ends
Sample answer: of a runway is always 18 because they form a straight
1 1 B x
1
A 2, 4 is in the interior of ABC. line and the measure of the angle formed is 180.
2, 1 is in the exterior of ABC. Runway numbers are determined by angle measurements
C divided by 10. Since the opposite runways differ by 180,
their numbers differ by 180 10 18.

Chapter 1 continued
1.4 Mixed Review (p. 32) 78. JK 7 52 5 72
x3 5x 22 22
61. 3 62. 5
2 2 4 4
x36 5 x 10 8
x3 x5 4 2
x4 8 x 22
63. 4 64. 12
2 2
79. LM 3 02 0 32
x 4 8 8 x 24
32 32
x 12 x 32
9 9
x7 9 x
65. 10 66. 7 18
2 2
x 7 20 9 x 14
9 2
32
x 27 x 5
x 1 8x
67. 7 68. 1 Lesson 1.5
2 2
x 1 14 8 x 2 Drawing Conclusions (p. 33)
x 15 x 10 1. The segments have the same length.

x 3 2. The angles have the same measure.
69. 4
2
1.5 Guided Practice (p. 38)
x 3 8
x 5 1. An angle bisector is a ray.
70. true 71. false 72. false 73. false 2. Congruent segments in a diagram are indicated by match-
ing congruence marks.
74. AB 2 32 2 102
Congruent angles in a diagram are indicated by matching
52 122
congruence arcs.
25 144
3. If A0, 0 and Bx, y are points in a coordinate plane,
169
13 then the midpoint of AB has coordinates 2x, 2y .
75. CD 8 02 3 82
82 52
4. M 5 23, 4 2 2 22, 62 1, 3
64 25
89
5. M 1 2 11, 9 2 5 102, 14
2
5, 7
76. EF 4 32 4 112 6. M 6 2 1, 42 8 72, 42 72, 2

72 72
x3 y0
49 49 7. 3 4
2 2
98 x36 y8
49 2 x3 3, 8
72 x5 y2
8. 7 6
77. GH 0 102 9 22 2 2
102 112 x 5 14 y 2 12
100 121 x9 y 10
221 9, 10

Chapter 1 continued
x 4 y2
9.
2
3
2
2 23. M 1.5 2 0.25, 8 21 1.25
2
,
7
2
x 4 6 y 2 4 0.625, 3.5
y 6
5.5 2 0.5, 6.12 9.1 62, 32
x 2
24. M
2, 6
10. mJKM mLKM

mJKL 90
2

2
45
3,
3
2
11. mSQR mPQS 40 x2 x 8
25. 1 26. 0
2 2
mPQR 2mSQR
x 2 2 x80
240
x 4 x8
80
y6 y 1
mPQR 64 1 3
12. mPQS mSQR 32 2 2
2 2
y62 y16
13. mPQS mSQR 52
y 4 y7
mPQR 2 mSQR
4, 4 8, 7
2 52
x3 x 5
104 27. 2 28. 8
2 2
1.5 Practice and Applications (pp. 38–41) x34 x 5 16
x1 x 11
14. C 15. C
E y 12 y9
1 2
2 2
A B y 12 2 y 9 4
D
F y 10 y 13
D
1, 10 11, 13
↔ ↔
CD is the segment EF is the segment x6 x 3.5
29. 10 30. 1.5
bisector of AB. bisector of CD. 2
↔ 2
16. E GH is the segment bisector of
x 6 20 x 3.5 3
EF.
x 14 x 6.5
G H
y7 y 6
7 4.5
2 2
F
y 7 14 y69
0 8 0 6 8 6
17. M
2 ,
2
,
2 2
4, 3 y 21 y 15
14, 21 6.5, 15

1 3 7 3
18. M 2
,
2
2 4
,
2 2
1, 2 31. AC BC, 32. DG FG
10 2 8 5 A B DGE EGF

19. M 2
,
2
8 13
,
2 2
4,
13
2 33. WX XY
12 2 9 10 10 1
20. M
2 ,
2
,
2 2
5,
1
2 34.
WXZ YXZ
35.
0 6 8 14 6 6

D
21. M , , 3, 3 A D
A
2 2 2 2
22. M 4 2 4, 4 218 82, 14

2
4, 7 B C
→
B C
→ BD is the angle bisector

BD is the angle
bisector of ABC. of ABC.

Chapter 1 continued
→ 42 60
36. BD is the angle bisector of ABC. 49. mABD mDBC 50. T
2
D
A
12 x 20 3x 85
102
2
C B x 40 6x 170
51
37. mPQS mSQR 22
x 210 6x
mPQR 2 mSQR 210 5x
2 22 42 x
44 45 63 108
51. T 54
2 2
mPQR 91
38. mPQS mSQR 45.5 106
2 2 52. m1 m2 53
2
39. mSQR mPQS 80
m3 m4 90 53 37
mPQR 2 mPQS
130
2 80 53. m1 m2 65
2
160 m3 m4 90 65 25
mPQR 75 54. m4 m3 60
40. mPQS mSQR 37.5
2 2
m1 m2 90 60 30
41. mSQR mPQS 45
55. Sample Answer:
mPQR 2 mPQS
AB AL, AC AK, AN AM, DN MJ, AE AI,
2 45
NE MI, NF MH, FG GH, DE JI, CD KJ,
90 BC LK, BD LJ, BE LI, BAC, CAN, NAG,
mPQR 124 GAM, MAK, and KAL; DNE, ENF, HMI,
42. mPQS mSQR 62
2 2 and JMI.
43. No; yes; the angle bisector of an angle of a triangle pass- 56. Sample answer: To divide a line segment into 4 congru-
es through the midpoint of the opposite side if the two ent segments using a compass and a straightedge, follow
sides of the triangle contained in the angle are congruent. these steps.
44. mABD mDBC 45. mABD mDBC 1. Place a compass point at A. Use a compass setting
x 15 4x 45 2x 35 5x 22 greater than half the length of AB. Draw an arc.
x 60 4x 2x 57 5x 2. Keep the same compass setting. Place the compass

point at B. Draw an arc. It should intersect the other
60 3x 57 3x arc in two places.
20 x 19 x 3. Use a straightedge to draw a segment through the
46. mABD mDBC 47. mABD mDBC points of intersection. This segment bisects AB at M,
the midpoint of AB.
10x 51 6x 11 2x 7 4x 9
4. Place the compass point at A. Use a compass setting
10x 40 6x 2x 16 4x
greater than half the length of AM. Draw an arc.
40 4x 16 2x
5. Keep the same compass setting as in Step 4. Place
10 x 8x the compass point at M. Draw an arc. It should inter-
48. mABD mDBC sect the other arc in two places.
15x 18 23x 14 6. Use a straightedge to draw a segment through the
points of intersection from Step 5. This segment
15x 32 23x
bisects AM at N, the midpoint of AM.
32 8x
7. Place a compass point at M. Use a compass setting
4x greater than half the length of MB. Draw an arc.
8. Keep the same compass setting from Step 7. Place
the compass point at B. Draw an arc. It should inter-
sect the other arc in two places.
—CONTINUED—

Chapter 1 continued

56. —CONTINUED— 1 1
(19) M 10 2 10, 8 5 8
9. Use a straightedge to draw a segment through the 2 2
points of intersection from Step 8. This segment

1
bisects MB at P, the midpoint of MB. 10 12, 8 12 3
2
10. This should result with AN NM MP PB. 3
To divide a line segment into 4 congruent segments

10 6, 8
2
using the Midpoint Formula, start with Ax1, y1 and 16 3
Bx2, y2 as the endpoints of the segment. The mid- 4,
2

2
point, M, of AB would have coordinates
x1 x2 y1 y2
,
.
4, 13
2
2 2
(20) M 12 12 2 12, 9 12 10 9
Now we must find the midpoint N, of AM.
12 12 14, 9 12 19
The coordinates of
12 7, 9 19
2
x x2 y y2

x1 1 y1 1 5, 18
2 2
19
2 2
N ,
2 2 5, 12
2x1 x1 x2 2y1 y1 y2 (21) M 0 12 6 0, 8 12 14 8

2
2
,
2
2 0 12 6, 8 12 22
0 3, 8 11
3x1 x2 3y1 y2
4
,
4 . 3, 3
(22) M 4 12 4 4, 4 12 18 4
Lastly, the coordinates of
4 12 0, 4 12 22
x1 x2 y y2

x2 1 y2 4 0, 4 11
2 2
P ,
2 2 4, 7
(23) M 1.5 2 0.25 1.5, 8 2 1 8
1 1
x1 x2 2x2 y1 y2 2y2

2
2
,
2
2 1.5 121.75, 8 12 9
1.5 0.875, 8 4.5
x 3x2 y1 3y2
1
4 ,
4
. 0.625, 3.5
(24) M 5.5 2 0.5 5.5, 6.1
1
1
57. (17) M 0 2 8 0, 0 2 6 0
1

2 9.1 6.1
1
0 12 8, 0 12 6
5.5 12 5, 6.1 12 15.2
0 4, 0 3
5.5 2.5, 6.1 7.6
4, 3
3, 1.5
(18) M 1 2 3 1, 7 2 3 7
1 1
Yes, the answers came out the same.

1 12 4, 7 12 10
1 x x1
1 2, 7 5 x1 x2 x1 x1 2
2 2
1, 2
2x1 x2 x1

2 2
2x1 x2 x1

2
x1 x2

2
(This is the x-coordinate of the midpoint when the
Midpoint formula is used.)
—CONTINUED—

Chapter 1 continued
57. —CONTINUED— 1.5 Mixed Review (p. 42)
1 y y1 61. 62.
y1 y2 y1 y1 2
2 2
2y1 y2 y1

2 2 63. AB 5 32 1 122
2y1 y2 y1 82 132

2
64 169
y y2
1 233
2
64. CD 2 62 7 92
(This is the y-coordinate of the midpoint when the
Midpoint Formula is used.) 42 162
58. Sample answer: 16 256
a. A M is the midpoint of 272
G
AB.
M P 16 17
N is the midpoint of
F 417
BC.
65. EF 2 82 14 82
B
H
N C P is the midpoint of
AC. 62 222
36 484
→ 520
CF bisects ACB.
→
BG bisects ABC. 4 130
→ 2130
AH bisects BAC.
b. None of the angle bisectors pass through the mid- 66. GH 0 32 2 82
points of the opposite sides. 32 62
c. None of the angle bisectors passed through the mid- 9 36
points of the opposite sides. This is due to the fact that
45
all three sides had different length. If an equilateral tri-
angle had been used, each angle bisector would have 9 5
passed through the midpoint of its opposite side. If 35
two of the sides had been congruent, the angle bisector
67. JK 5 42 1 52
of the angle which was made up of the congruent
sides would have passed through the midpoint of the 92 42
opposite side. 81 16
59. 100 50 50 97
50 25 75 68. LM 4 102 9 12
75 12.5 62.5 62 82
62.5 6.25 68.75 36 64
68.75 3.125 65.625 100
65.625 1.5625 67.1875 10
67.1875 0.78125 66.40625 69. 20 70. 130 71. 115 72. 35
66.40625 0.390625 66.796875
Quiz 2 (p. 42)
66.796875 0.1953125 66.6015625
66.6015625 0.09765625 66.69921875 1. If Q is in the interior of PSR, then
mPSQ mQSR mPSR.
66.69921875 0.48828125 66.65039063
It seems to be approaching 66.6 yards from 0.
60. 100 50 25 12.5 6.25 3.125
1.5625 0.78125 is approximately 200 yards.

Chapter 1 continued
2. y F acute; 1.6 Guided Practice (p. 47)
Answers may vary. 1. Two angles are complementary angles if the sum of their
D
Sample answer: measures is 90.
2 x
2
E 0, 4 is in the interior of DEF. Two angles are supplementary angles if the sum of their
measures is 180.
0, 3 is in the exterior of DEF.
2. Sample answer:
3. obtuse; 1 2
y 1 and 3 are acute vertical 4 3
2 Answers may vary. angles because their measures
are between 0 and 90, 2 and 4 are obtuse vertical
D
2
2
2 x Sample answer: 0, 0 is in the
angles because their measures are between 90 and 180.
E F interior of DEF.
3. ABD and DBC are adjacent congruent
0, 7 is in the exterior of A
complementary angles.
DEF. D
B C
4. D y acute;
ABC and CBD are adjacent
Answers may vary. C
congruent supplementary angles.
2
Sample answer: 0, 3 is in the
E F interior of DEF.
2 2 x A B D
2
0, 2 is in the exterior of 4. m1 60 180 5. m1 160 180
DEF.
m1 120 m1 20
5. y right;
D 6. m1 35 90 7. x m1 90
Answers may vary.
m1 55 x 50 90
Sample answer: 4, 4 is in the
F interior of DEF. x 40
2 E
2 2 x 0, 2 is in the exterior of Practice and Applications • (pages 47–50)
2
DEF.
8. No 9. Yes 10. No 11. Yes 12. No 13. No
6. mMKL mJKM 21
14. never 15. always 16. sometimes 17. always
mJKL 2 mJKM 18. always 19. never
2 21 20. m7 m6 180 21. m6 m8
42 m7 72 180 m6 80
m7 108
Lesson 1.6
22. m8 m9 180 23. m7 m9 123
Technology Activity (p. 43)
m8 110 180
1. Nonadjacent angles have the same measure. m8 70
2. Answers may vary. 24. m8 m7 180 25. m9 m6 180
Sample answer: m8 142 180 m9 13 180
mAEC mAED 41 139 180 m8 38 m9 167
3. Answers may vary. 26. m6 m9 180 27. m7 m8 180
Sample answer: m6 170 180 m7 26 180
mAEC mAED 71 109 180 m6 10 m7 154
4. The sum of the measures of adjacent angles formed by 28. 2x 11 105 29. x 6x 19 180
intersecting lines is 180.
2x 116 7x 19 180
x 58 7x 161
x 23

Chapter 1 continued
30. 5x 2 78 36. 7x 56
5x 80 x8
x 16 y 2x 7x 180
31. y 12 3y 8 180 y 28 78 180
4y 20 180 y 16 56 180
4y 200 y 72 180
y 50 y 108
6x 20 2x 20 180 37. supplementary 38. neither 39. complementary
8x 52 180 40. neither
8x 232 41.
m1 2 10 25 33 40
x 29 m2 88 80 65 57 50
32. 2y 28 4y 26 180
m1 49 55 62 76 86
6y 54 180
m2 41 35 28 14 4
6y 126
42.
y 21 m1 4 16 48 72 90
4x 10 3x 5 180 m2 176 164 132 108 90
7x 5 180 m1 99 120 152 169 178
7x 175 m2 81 60 28 11 2
x 25
43. mB 3mA
33. 9y 187 11y 253 180
mA mB 90
20y 440 180
mA 3mA 90
20y 620
4mA 90
y 31
mA 22.5
7x 248 x 44 180
mB 3mA 322.5 67.5
8x 204 180
44. mD 8mC
8x 384
mC mD 180
x 48
mC 8mC 180
34. 3x 20 5x 50 y 3x 20 180
9mC 180
3x 70 5x y 335 20 180
mC 20
70 2x y 105 20 180
mD 8mC 820 160
35 x y 125 180
45. mA mB 90
y 55
5x 8 x 4 90
35. 6x 4x 16 11y 6x 180
6x 12 90
2x 16 11y 68 180
6x 78
x8 11y 48 180
x 13
11y 132
mA 5x 8 513 8 65 8 73
y 12
mB x 4 13 4 17

Chapter 1 continued
46. mA mB 90 mA 12x 1 1213 1 156 1 157
3x 7 11x 1 90 mB x 10 13 10 23
14x 8 90 52. mA mB 180
14x 98 3
8x 50 x 31 180
x7 3x 400 8x 248 1440
mA 3x 7 37 7 21 7 14 11x 648 1440
mB 11x 1 117 1 77 1 76 11x 792
47. mA mB 90 x 72
8x 7 x 11 90 mA 3
8x 50 8 72
3
50 27 50 77
9x 18 90 mB x 31 72 31 103
9x 108 53. Let x be the supplement of 1.
x 12 x m1 180
mA 8x 7 812 7 96 7 89° x 58 180
mB x 11 12 11 1
x 122
48. mA mB 90
3
Let y be the supplement of 2.
4x 13 3x 17 90
y m2 180
3x 52 12x 68 360
y 24 180
15x 120 360
y 156
15x 480
54. x 34 90
x 32
x 56
mA 34 x 13 34 32 13 24 13 11
The measure of the angle between the first base foul line
mB 3x 17 332 17 96 17 79 and the path of the baseball is 56.
49. mA mB 180 55. m2 3m1
3x x 8 180 m1 m2 180
4x 8 180 m1 3m1 180
4x 172 4m1 180
x 43 m1 45
mA 3x 343 129 m2 3m1
mB x 8 43 8 51 m2 345
50. mA mB 180 m2 135
6x 1 5x 17 180 The acute angle’s measure is 45 and the obtuse angle’s
11x 18 180 measure is 135.
11x 198 56. Answers may vary.
x 18 Sample answer:
mA 6x 1 618 1 108 1 107 An angle of measure 112 does not have a complement.
An angle that has a complement must have a measure
mB 5x 17 518 17 90 17 73 between 0 and 90.
51. mA mB 180
12x 1 x 10 180
13x 11 180
13x 169
x 13

Chapter 1 continued
57. 7x 20 9x 88 180
16x 108 180
70. M 0 26, 0 24 62, 42 3, 2
16x 288 71. M 2 210, 5 2 7 82, 122 4, 6
x 18
1
2y 27 y 12 180 72. M 8 22, 6 2 2 62, 82 3, 4
y 54 2y 24 360
3y 78 360 73. M 142 0, 9 2 11 14
2 2
,
2
7, 1
3y 282
y 94
74. M 1.52 5, 4 29 3.52, 52
1.75, 2.5
E
mG 62 mF
1
2.42 7.6, 5 2 9 5.22, 142 2.6, 7

58.
75. M
mF mG 180
2 mF
13
mF 180
Lesson 1.7
2mF 13mF 360
15mF 360 1.7 Guided Practice (p. 55)
mF 24 1. The perimeter of a circle is called its circumference.
B 2. To find the perimeter of the rectangle, find the sum of

twice its length and twice its width.
59. 2x y 90 180
1
3. A 2 bh 4. A lw
x y 10 90
2x y 90

1
2 98 13 7
36 square units 91 square units
x y 80
2x y 90 6. P 12
5. A r2 4s 12
x y 80
3.14(3) 2
s3m
x 10
3.14 9
x y 10 90
28.26 square units
10 y 10 90
7. C 2r
y 20 90
2 3.14 4
y 70
25.12 in.2
1.6 Mixed Review (p. 50) 8. P 2l 2w
8 ft
60. 3x 96 61.
1
2 5 h 20 2 15 2 8
15 ft
x 32 5 h 40 30 16
h8 46 feet
62.
1
2 b 6 15 63. s2 200 You will need 46 feet of fence.
3 b 15 s ±
200
b5 s ±
100
9. P 2l 2w 10. P 4s
s ± 10
2
2 10 2 6 49
64. 2 3.14 r 40 65. 3.14 r2 314
20 12 36 units
6.28 r 40 r2 100
32 units A s2
r 6.37 r ±
100
A lw 92
r ± 10
10 6 81 square units
66. E or D 67. C 68. B or C 69. A
60 square units

Chapter 1 continued
11. P a b c 12. C 2r 20. The perimeter is twice the radius plus half of the
565 2 3.14 7 circumference.
P 2r 2 2r
1
16 units 43.96 units
1
A 2 bh A r2 2r r
2 8 3.14 8

1
2 64 3.14(7)2
12 square units 3.14 49 16 25.12
153.86 square units 41.12 units
13. P a b c 14. P 2l 2w
The area is half the area of a circle.
10 21 17 2 75 2 10.5 A 12 r2 12 3.14 82 100.48 square units

1
21. A 2 bh 22. A lw 23. A s2
48 units 15 21
1
A 2 bh 36 units 1
6
2 5 12 9 82
15 cm 2
108 yd2 64 ft2
2
1
21 8 A lw
84 square units 7.5 10.5 24. A r2 25. P 24 m A s2
78.75 square units 3.14(10)2 4s 24 62
15. P a b c 16. C 2r 3.14 100 s6m 36 m2
31 21 20 2 3.14 5.5 314 m 2
54 units 34.54 units 26. d 100 ft A r2

1
A 2bh A r2 2r 100 3.14(50)2
2
1
21 12 3.14 (5.5)2 r 50 ft 3.14 2500
126 square units 3.14 30.25 7850 ft2
94.985 square units 27. AC 5 1 4, 28. EF 4 1 5,
17. P 4s BD 5 2 3 FG 3 2 5,
4 15 A
1
2 bh HG 4 1 5,
60 units
1
2 3
4 HE 3 2 5
A s2 6 square units A s2 52 25 square units
152 29. r 1 3 2 30. AB 7 3 4
225 square units A r2 CD 7 4 3
18. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find b. 3.14(2)2 A 2 bh
1
a2 b2 c2 3.14 4 2
1
43
6
2 b2 102 12.56 square units 6 square units
36 b 100
2
y
b2 64 C
b8
A D B
P 2l 2w A lw 2
2826 86 2 2 x
28 units
1
19. P a b c A 2 bh
5 5 5
2 12 55
25
10 5
2 units 5
12.5 square units

Chapter 1 continued
31. RS 6 2 8 32. LM 1 4 5 37. Perimeter of Rectangle
TU 4 3 7 MN 7 2 9 A B C D E F G
A
1
2 bh
A lw 1. Length 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00

1
7
2 8
95 2. Width 100.00 50.00 33.33 25.00 20.00 16.67
45 square units 3. Area 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
28 square units
4. Perimeter 202.00 104.00 72.67 58.00 50.00 45.33
y y
4
T
M N
H I J K L M
2 2 x
1. 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00
2 2 x
R S L R 2. 14.29 12.5 11.11 10.00 9.09 8.33
U
3. 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
4. 42.57 41.00 40.22 40.00 40.18 40.67
33. WX 0 52 5 02 A s2
To find the width, divide 100 by the length.
52
2
52 52
To find the area, multiply the length and the width.
25 25 25 2
To find the perimeter, use P 2l 2w.
50 50 square units
Notice the pattern for the perimeters. The numbers
25 2 decrease to 40 then increase. The rectangle with the
52 smallest perimeter has dimensions of 10 m 10 m.
38. A r2
y
X 3.14(5.5)2
Y
2
W 3.14 30.25
x
2
94.985 m2
Z About 95 square meters of cranberries could be gathered.
39. C 2r
34. 15 ft 5 yd A lw 2 3.14 21
5
25
25 ft 3 yd 25
3 131.88 in.
125
3 Each time a bicycle tire rotates one complete time it
4123 yd2 travels a distance of 131.88 in. So to find the number of
rotations, divide the total distance of 420 inches by one
41 23 square yards of carpet will be needed to cover complete rotation, 131.88 inches. The bicycle tire rotates
the room. about 3.18 times.
35. The entire width of the window with frame is 40. Area of ring Area of larger circle Area of smaller circle
2 in. 12 in. 2 in. 16 in. The entire length of the
2 2
13 2 10 2
window with frame is 2 in. 18 in. 2 in. 22 in.
3.14 42.25 3.14 25
A lw 22 16 352 in.2
132.665 78.5
The area of the window, including the frame, is 352
square inches. 54.165 in.2
36. d 320 m The area of the ring is about 54.2 square inches.
2r 320 m 41. A lw 42. A s2
r 160 m 36 9w 10,000 s2
C 2r 4w 100 s
2 3.14 160 P 2l 2w P 4s
1004.8 m 2924 4 100
The circumference of the covered land is 1004.8 meters. 18 8 400 m
A r2 3.14(160)2 3.14 25,600 80,384 m2 26 in.
The area covered is about 80,384 square meters.

Chapter 1 continued
1 1
43. A 2 bh 44. A 2 bh C 2r
48 1
2 16 h 52 1
2 b 13 C 6 2r2 This is the new circumference.
48 8h 104 13b C6
r2
2
6 ft h 8 yd b
C 6
45. A r2 46. A r2 r2
2 2
200 r2 1 r2
200 r2 0.32 r2
r1
6
2
r2 Since C 2r , then 2C r .
1 1
200 r 0.32 r
6
100 2 r 0.56 r Therefore, the radius changes by
2
feet without
102 cm r d 2r regard to the actual number r1 represents.
d 2 0.56
50.
d 1.12 m w
2w
47. C 2r 48. 7.5 cm is the largest mea-

2
100 2r surement, so it must go
with the longest side,
100 2 3.14 r which is the hypotenuse Original rectangle:
100 6.28r of the right triangle.
1 P 2l 2w A lw
15.92 r A 2 bh
Enlarged rectangle:
A r2 12 6 4.5
P 2 2l 2 2w A 2l 2w
3.14(15.92)2 13.5 cm2
4l4w 4lw
3.14 253.4464 22l 2w 4lw
795.8 yd2
The enlarged rectangle has double the perimeter of the
49. a. C 2r original rectangle and four times the area of the original
2 3.14 20,908,800 rectangle.
131,307,264 ft Answers may vary.
The length of the cable would be 131,307,264 feet. Sample answer:

b. 131,307,264 6 131,307,270 ft 3
6
C 2r 5
10
131,307,270 2 3.14 r
131,307,270 6.28r Original rectangle:
20,908,800.96 ft r P 2l 2w A lw
2523 53
The radius of the circle would be about 20,908,801 ft.
c. height off ground 20,908,801 20,908,800 1. It 10 6 15 square units
would be about 1 foot above the ground. 16 units
d. No, the answer to part (c) would not be different for a Enlarged rectangle:
different planet with a different radius. By adding 6 ft
P 2l 2w A lw
to the circumference, you are only adding 6 2 or
about 1 to the radius. This will remain constant. 2 10 2 6 10 6
32 units
The perimeter of the enlarged rectangle is 32 units which
is twice the area of the original rectangle. The area of the
enlarged rectangle is 60 square units which is four times
the area of the original rectangle.

Chapter 1 continued
2 2 7, 0 26

Mixed Review (p. 58)
60. M
51. 52. Answers may vary.
A B C
Sample answer: 92, 62
X
W
Y
9
, 3
2
Z
61. M 0 2 14, 5 2 1 142, 62 7, 3
62. M 442 6, 9 27 38
2 2
,
2
19, 1
53. y 54. y
1 1
Quiz 3 (p. 58)
E D
1 x 1 1 x 1. Let B be the complement of A.
F
D F mA mB 90
E
41 mB 90
obtuse acute mB 49
Answers may vary. Answers may vary. The complement of A has a measure of 49 .
Sample answer: Sample answer: 2. Let A be the supplement of B.
4, 0 is in the interior of 3, 1 is in the interior mA mB 180
DEF. of DEF. mA 127 180
4, 5 is in the exterior 4, 2 is in the mA 53
of DEF. exterior of DEF.
The supplement of B has a measure of 53 .
55. y 56. y F
E 3. Let D be the supplement of C.
1 mC mD 180

D F
x 1
1
1 x 22 mD 180
1
1
D
mD 158
E
The supplement of C has a measure of 158 .
right
4. Let C be the complement of D.
Answers may vary. acute angle mC mD 90
Sample answer: Answers may vary.
mC 35 90
2, 0 is in the interior Sample answer:
of DEF. mC 55
2, 0 is in the interior
2, 3 is in the exterior of DEF. The complement of D has a measure of 55 .
of DEF. 5. mA 5mB
4, 0 is in the exterior
of DEF. mA mB 90
5mB mB 90
05 03
57. M
2
,
2 6mB 90
mB 15
5 3
,
2 2 mA 5mB
mA 515
58. M 2 2 4, 32 4 62, 12 3, 21 mA 75
59. M 3 2 2, 4 21 – 52, 32

Chapter 1 continued
1
6. A r2 7. A 2 bh 6. Answers may vary.
3.14(18)2 1
2 13 11 Sample answer:
1 1 1
3.14 324 71.5 in.2 The cube of 2 is 8 which is not greater than 2.
1017.36 m2 7. Answers may vary. 8.
C 2r 2 Sample answer:

2 3.14 18 D
113.04 m
A B C
8. A lw 9. PQ 7 3 10 E
10 4.6 RT 12 4 8 9. Answers may vary.

46 cm2 A 12 bh Sample answer:
P 2l 2w 2
1
10 8
2 10 2 4.6 40 square units
20 9.2 y
29.2 cm R(1, 12)
10. PQ QR
PQ 2
1
QS
P (3, 4) Q(7, 4)
2
T (1, 4)
PQ 2
1
16
2 x
PQ 8
PQ QR RS ST PT
10. First, we must find the total area of all 4 walls. There are ST PT PQ QR RS
2 walls that are 8 ft by 12 ft and 2 walls that are 8 ft by
24 ft. ST 30 8 8 8
Total Area 2 8 12 2 8 24 ST 6
Total Area 192 384 RP PQ QR
Total Area 576 ft2 RP 8 8
To find the number of rolls of wallpaper needed, divide RP 16

the total area 576 ft2 by the number of square feet per 11. PQ 2 42 1 32
roll 28 ft2. So 576 28 20.6 or 21 rolls of wallpaper
22 22
will be needed.
4 4
Chapter 1 Review • (pages 60–62) 8
1. Each number is 7 more than the previous number. 4 2
2. The numbers after the first number are found by adding 22
consecutive powers of 2. QR 0 22 1 12
3. Each number is the previous number multiplied by 3.
22 22
4.
4 4
8
4 2
22
5. If 1 is added to the product of four consecutive positive PQ
QR because they have the same length.
integers, n through n 3, the sum is equal to the square
of nn 3 1 .

Chapter 1 continued
12. PQ 1 32 3 52
42 22
22. M 122 2, 9 2 10 10
2 2
,
1
5,
1
2
23. mSQR mPQS 50
16 4
20 mPQR 2mPQS
mPQR 250
4 5
25 mPQR 100
QR 4 12 1 32 mPQR 50

24. mRQS mSQP 25
2 2
32 22
25. mSQR mPQS 46
9 4
mPQR 2mPQS
13
mPQR 246
PQ and QR are not congruent because they do not have
the same length. mPQR 92
13. PQ 0 22 1 22 26. always 27. sometimes 28. never 29. sometimes
22 32 30. P 2l 2w 31. C 2r
4 9 2 10 2 4.5 2 3.14 9
13 20 9 56.52 in.
QR 1 02 4 12 29 cm A r2
12 32 A lw 3.1492
1 9 10 4.5 3.14 81
10 45 cm2 254.34 in.2
PQ and QR are not congruent because they do not have 32. To find the perimeter, find the y
the same length. sum of AB, BC, and CA.

D(2, 0)
14. straight 15. obtuse
AB 2 6 8 A(6, 0)
1
B(2, 0)
BC 2 22 3 02 2 x
K L M
150° 42 32
A C(2, 3)
16 9
16. acute
25
5
45°
CA 6 22 0 32
Y
42 32
17. mDEF mDEG mGEF
16 9
mDEF 60 45
25
mDEF 105
5
18. mHJL mLJK mHJK
The perimeter of ABC is 8 5 5 or 18 units.
mHJL 40 90
CD 0 3 3
mHJL 50 1
A 2 bh
19. mQNM mQNP mMNP
2
1
83
mQNM 110 180
12 square units
mQNM 70
The area of ABC is 12 square units.
0 8 0 6 8 6
20. M 2
,
2
,
2 2
4, 3 33. P 4s
414
1 3 7 3
21. M 2
,
2
,
2 4
2 2
1, 2
56 ft
The perimeter of the garden is 56 ft.

Chapter 1 continued
Chapter 1 Test (p. 63) RS 0 32 7 82
1. Sample answer: 2. Sample answer:
32 12
Q, T, and N Q, N, M, and R
9 1
3. Sample answer: 4. Sample answer:
→ → ↔ ↔ 10
TQ and TN QN and LQ
↔ ST 3 02 6 72
6. MP 2 MN 2 8 4
1 1
5. QL 7. SM MP 4
32 12
8. SM MN NR SR 9. MR MN NR
9 1
4 8 NR 26 8 14
10
12 NR 26 22
So RS ST.
NR 14
17. m4 m3 180
10. mDBE mEBF mDBF
m4 68 180
mDBE 45 90
m4 112
mDBE 45
m5 m3 68
11. mFBC mFBE mEBD mDBC
18. mPQT 2 mPQR
1
mFBC 45 45 50

12 130
140
65
12. mABF mFBC 180
19.
mABF 140 180 figure 1 2 3 4 5
distance 8 10 12 14 16
mABF 40
13. mDBA mDBC 180 20. The distance is 6 more than twice the figure number. For
mDBA 50 180 the 20th figure, the distance is 2(20) 6.
mDBA 130 2(20) 6 40 6

46
14. Sample answer:
ABD is an obtuse angle. DBC is an acute angle. The distance around the 20th figure is 46 units.
FBD is right angle. FBE and EBD are complemen- 21. C 2r
tary angles. 2 3.14 560
15. PQ QR PR PQ 2w 3
3517
2w 3 4 w 34 2 11 3
They would have walked about 3517 feet.
3w 1 34 22 3 22. A r2
3w 33 19 3.145602
w 11 3.14 313,600
QR 4 w 984,704
4 11 The area of the watered region is about 984,704 square
15 feet.
16. S 32 3, 8 2 6 Chapter 1 Standardized Test (pp. 64–65)

1. C 2. E
02, 142
0, 7
The coordinates of point S are 0, 7.

Chapter 1 continued
3. AC 1 22 4 42 9. m1 9m2
32 82 m1 m2 90

9 64 9m2 m2 90
73 10m2 90
AE 92 10 4
2 2 m2 9
7 2 62 m1 9m2
49 36 m1 99
85 m1 81
AB 6 22 7 42 C
8 3
2 2
10. AB 7 1 8 DE 6 0 6
64 9 CD 3 6 3 EF 4 0 4
1 1
73 A 2 bh A 2 bh
AC AB 2
1
83 2
1
64
E 12 square units 12 square units
4. AB BD DC 2 BC
1
1
2 10 5 A(6, 7) y y
AB BD DC CE AE
5 5 5 CE 28 D(6, 2) D(0, 4) E(6, 4)
15 CE 28 C(3, 2)
CE 13 1 1
1 x 1 F(6, 0) x
D
B(6, 1)
5. m4 m5 90 6. A
C
19 m5 90
11. Sample answers:
m5 71
a. GAH is an acute angle.
B
b. FEB is an obtuse angle.
7. Cx, y B1, 8 M10, 16
c. SBE is a straight angle.
x 1 y8
10 16 d. GAP is a right angle.
2 2
12. a. supplementary angles
x 1 20 y 8 32
b. complementary angles
x 19 y 40
c. supplementary angles
C19, 40
d. vertical angles
C
mGAB 90
8. mPQS mSQR 13. mGAH mBAH 45
2 2
5x 46 2x 5
14. mQFA mQFN 180
5x 2x 51
mQFA x 180
3x 51
mQFA 180 x
x 17
mAFE mQFN
mPQR mPQS mSQR
mAFE x
mPQR 5x 46 2x 5
mEFN mQFA
mPQR 7x 41
mEFN 180 x
mPQR 7 17 41
mPQR 119 41
mPQR 78
E

Chapter 1 continued
15. 17. The sum of the length and width is 12. The length of a
rectangle with a width of 3.5 inches would be 12 3.5
Width (in.) Perimeter (in.) Length (in.) Area in.2 or 8.5 inches.
1 24 11 11 18. If the perimeter of a rectangle is known, the rectangle
2 24 10 20 with the greatest area is a square with the length of a side
3 24 9 27 equal to 14 of the perimeter. To test the conjecture, one
could try many rectangles of different perimeters and
4 24 8 32
make a chart as in problem 15. Or one could try to make
5 24 7 35 a generalized chart with 4n as a perimeter.
6 24 6 36
7 24 5 35
w1 w2
P 2l 2w P 2l 2w
24 2l 2 1 24 2l 2 2
24 2l 2 24 2l 4
22 2l 20 2l
11 in. l 10 in. l
A lw A lw
11 1 10 2
11 in. 2
20 in.2
w3 w4
P 2l 2w P 2l 2w
24 2l 2 3 24 2l 2 4
24 2l 6 24 2l 8
18 2l 16 2l
9 in. l 8 in. l
A lw A lw
93 84
27 in. 2
32 in.2
w5 w6
P 2l 2w P 2l 2w
24 2l 2 5 24 2l 2 6
24 2l 10 24 2l 12
14 2l 12 2l
7 in. l 6 in. l
A lw A lw
75 66
35 in. 2
36 in.2
w7
P 2l 2w A lw
24 2l 2 7 57
24 2l 14 35 in.2
10 2l
5 in. l
16. The 6 in. by 6 in. rectangle had the greatest area.

Chapter 1 continued
Chapter 1 Project (pp. 66–67) 6. The points are arranged like
points on a diamond or square
1. No, the distances aren’t always the same. In the example
centered around the point
on page 66, 3 different distances were shown. The short-
O0, 0.
est distance from A to B is 10.
2. Yes, there are other paths from A to B with a taxicab dis-
tance of 10. O(0, 0)
Here are a few.

B
7. Total distance 4 8 32 blocks
8 8
A
O(0, 0)
3. If point A is 0, 0, then point B is 5, 5.

8 8
AB 5 02 5 02
52 52
25 25 8. diameter 2 4 8 blocks
50
25 2
52 7.07
4 O(0, 0)
Since 10 > 52, then the taxicab distance is greater 4
than the Euclidean distance.
4. Answers may vary.
Sample answer: B(8, 3)
Taxicab distance for AB is 11.
32
9. Yes, would have a constant value of or 4.
AB 8 02 3 02 8
A(0, 0)
64 9 Present Your Results:
73 8.5 A distance in taxicab geometry is greater than or equal to the
The taxicab distance is greater than the Euclidean corresponding Euclidean distance. A circle is associated with
distance. a location and a distance in both Euclidean and taxicab geom-
The taxicab distance AB is 19. etry, but the circles have different shapes and circumferences
in the two geometries. Their diameters, however, are the
AB 9 02 10 02
same: twice the given distance.
92 102
81 100 Extensions:
181 13.5 B(9, 10) The answers below assume that A and B do not lie on a
19 horizontal or verical line.
The taxicab distance is
greater than the Euclidean The points that lie between two points A and B form a
distance. 19 rectangle with A and B at two corners. All the grid points on
the perimeter of the rectangle (except A and B) and all the
The taxicab distance will
grid points inside the rectangle lie between A and B in taxicab
always be greater than or
geometry.
equal to the Euclidean
distance. Yes; the set of points lies on a line that is tilted 45° from
horizontal. The line divides the rectangular region of points
A(0, 0)
between A and B into two regions. All the points in one
5. If Ax1, y1 and Bx2, y2 are two points, then the taxicab region are closer to A than to B. All the points in the other

distance from A to B is x2 x1 y2 y1 .
region are closer to B than to A.


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qxd 5-25-2001 11:10 AM Page 1

Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc. Geometry 1

111 111  12,321 C5 F12 C6 F14

2 Geometry Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc.

 100 25  125 35. H 36. P, Q, R, and S 37. K, R, Q, and N

2. 53. The dart and dartboard illustrate the intersection of a line

9. False 10. False 11. True 12. True 13. True

Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc. Geometry 3

94. 32 22  9 4  13 3.61

69. Lines CE and DF intersect at the vanishing point W.

5 lines have 10 6 lines have 15  52 22

82. 3  9  3 9  6  52 62

4 Geometry Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc.

Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc. Geometry 5

6 Geometry Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc.

9 100 144 196

PN 2 72 3 62 4  85

81 9 QR 4 102 2 142

90 142 122

No two segments have the same length. 4  85

32 22 PQ  QR because they have the same length.

13 45. length of track 734 02 514 02

Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc. Geometry 7

8 Geometry Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc.

2MD MD CD 32 42 C(1, 7)

182 142 22 1.–2.

1.3 Mixed Review (p. 24) Lesson 1.4

60. 61. 1.4 Guided Practice (p. 29)

Practice and Applications (pp. 29–32)

Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc. Geometry 9

80 d. Answers may vary.

mBAD mEAF mFAC Sample answer: AOB and BOE

37. obtuse; about 150 58. m4 3 1810 1510

38. 39. Sample answer: 2110 150

10 Geometry Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc.

x 15 x 10 1. The segments have the same length.

76. EF 4 32 4 112 6. M 6 2 1, 42 8 72, 42 72, 2

Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc. Geometry 11

10. mJKM mLKM

14, 21 6.5, 15

10 2 8 5 A  B DGE  EGF

22. M 4 2 4, 4 218 82, 14

→ BD is the angle bisector

12 Geometry Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc.

mPQR 2  mSQR 210 5x

x 60 4x 2x 57 5x 2. Keep the same compass setting. Place the compass

Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc. Geometry 13

Yes, the answers came out the same.

14 Geometry Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc.

Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc. Geometry 15

16 Geometry Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc.

8x  52 180 40. neither

Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc. Geometry 17

11x 198 56. Answers may vary.

18 Geometry Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc.

2.42 7.6, 5 2 9 5.22, 142 2.6, 7

mF 24 1. The perimeter of a circle is called its circumference.

B 2. To find the perimeter of the rectangle, find the sum of

Copyright © McDougal Littell Inc. Geometry 19

 153.86 square units  41.12 units

10 21 17 2  75 2  10.5 A 12 r2  12  3.14  82 100.48 square units

54 units  34.54 units 26. d 100 ft A r2

111 111 12,321 C5 F12 C6 F14

100 25 125 35. H 36. P, Q, R, and S 37. K, R, Q, and N

94. 32 22 9 4 13 3.61

5 lines have 10 6 lines have 15 52 22

82. 3 9 3 9 6 52 62

PN 2 72 3 62 4 85

No two segments have the same length. 4 85

32 22 PQ QR because they have the same length.

80 d. Answers may vary.

37. obtuse; about 150 58. m4 3 1810 1510

76. EF 4 32 4 112 6. M 6 2 1, 42 8 72, 42 72, 2

10 2 8 5 A B DGE EGF

22. M 4 2 4, 4 218 82, 14

mPQR 2 mSQR 210 5x

8x 52 180 40. neither

2.42 7.6, 5 2 9 5.22, 142 2.6, 7

153.86 square units 41.12 units

10 21 17 2 75 2 10.5 A 12 r2 12 3.14 82 100.48 square units

54 units 34.54 units 26. d 100 ft A r2

2 2 7, 0 26

1 mC mD 180

59. M 3 2 2, 4 21 – 52, 32

10 4.6 RT 12 4 8 9. Answers may vary.

29.2 cm R(1, 12)

Total Area 192 384 RP PQ QR

Total Area 576 ft2 RP 8 8

QR 4 12 1 32 mPQR 50

22 32 30. P 2l 2w 31. C 2r

QR 1 02 4 12 29 cm A r2

mFBC 45 45 50

mDBA 130 2(20) 6 40 6

16. S 32 3, 8 2 6 Chapter 1 Standardized Test (pp. 64–65)

32 82 m1 m2 90

7. Total distance 4 8 32 blocks