Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Lampiran
Lampiran
LAMPIRAN 1
Perhitungan Bahan
A. Impregnasi Co
= 1,5071 gram
= 0,00728 gram
= 0,01455 gram
LAMPIRAN 2
Difraktogram XRD
General information
Analysis date 2017/01/25 14:42:38
Sample name SnO2 Measurement date 2017/01/25 14:12:43
File name 085-XRD-2017.ras Operator administrator
Comment
Measurement profile
20000
15000
10000
Intensity (cps)
5000
0
20 40 60
2-theta (deg)
Peak list
No. 2-theta(deg) d(ang.) Height(cps) FWHM(deg) Int. I(cps deg) Int. W(deg) Asym. factor
1 26.439(6) 3.3684(7) 11666(312) 0.219(6) 3543(31) 0.304(11) 2.1(3)
2 33.710(6) 2.6566(5) 10276(293) 0.212(5) 3090(25) 0.301(11) 1.29(16)
3 37.796(10) 2.3783(6) 3028(159) 0.209(9) 880(13) 0.291(19) 1.3(3)
4 38.80(2) 2.3191(13) 618(72) 0.19(2) 155(7) 0.25(4) 1.1(5)
5 42.543(13) 2.1233(6) 178(39) 0.27(3) 55(6) 0.31(10) 5(6)
6 51.593(5) 1.77008(15 9601(283) 0.195(6) 2660(23) 0.277(11) 1.05(11)
7 54.591(7) )
1.67974(19 2290(138) 0.190(9) 626(9) 0.27(2) 1.4(2)
8 57.663(18) )1.5973(4) 952(89) 0.247(16) 296(8) 0.31(4) 1.2(3)
9 61.719(8) 1.50175(18 2029(130) 0.200(10) 595(10) 0.29(2) 1.4(3)
10 64.559(9) )1.44238(17 1899(126) 0.224(11) 621(10) 0.33(3) 1.3(2)
11 65.797(7) )1.41819(14 2455(143) 0.225(9) 771(11) 0.31(2) 1.05(15)
12 71.091(11) )
1.32502(18 1019(92) 0.197(15) 331(7) 0.32(4) 0.8(3)
13 78.536(9) )1.21699(12 1719(120) 0.197(9) 491(9) 0.29(3) 1.0(2)
General information )
Analysis date 2017/01/25 14:41:09
Sample name CoOx@ SnO2 X=0,25% Measurement date 2017/01/25 14:28:04
File name 086-XRD-2017.ras Operator administrator
Comment
Measurement profile
15000
10000
Intensity (cps)
5000
0
20 40 60
2-theta (deg)
Peak list
No. 2-theta(deg) d(ang.) Height(cps) FWHM(deg) Int. I(cps deg) Int. W(deg) Asym. factor
General information
Analysis date 2017/01/25 14:55:41
Sample name CoOx@ SnO2 X=0,5% Measurement date 2017/01/25 14:37:55
File name 087-XRD-2017.ras Operator administrator
Comment
Measurement profile
15000
10000
Intensity (cps)
5000
0
20 40 60
2-theta (deg)
Peak list
No. 2-theta(deg) d(ang.) Height(cps) FWHM(deg) Int. I(cps deg) Int. W(deg) Asym. factor
1 26.534(6) 3.3565(8) 9022(274) 0.227(5) 2695(26) 0.299(12) 2.0(3)
2 33.814(6) 2.6487(5) 8377(264) 0.224(4) 2510(21) 0.300(12) 1.49(17)
3 37.885(9) 2.3729(6) 2547(146) 0.208(7) 720(10) 0.28(2) 1.2(2)
4 38.91(2) 2.3129(13) 496(64) 0.18(2) 119(6) 0.24(4) 1.2(7)
5 51.678(5) 1.76737(15) 8151(261) 0.201(5) 2221(18) 0.272(11) 0.88(9)
6 54.681(9) 1.6772(3) 1991(129) 0.188(11) 533(10) 0.27(2) 1.1(2)
7 57.752(17) 1.5951(4) 874(85) 0.222(17) 257(8) 0.29(4) 0.9(3)
8 61.815(8) 1.49964(18) 1761(121) 0.204(10) 492(9) 0.28(2) 1.2(2)
9 64.628(8) 1.44100(16) 1707(119) 0.215(10) 516(10) 0.30(3) 0.57(10)
10 65.884(8) 1.41653(15) 2217(136) 0.205(10) 643(10) 0.29(2) 0.92(15)
11 71.214(14) 1.3230(2) 894(86) 0.225(15) 253(8) 0.28(4) 2.5(9)
12 78.585(8) 1.21636(10) 1525(113) 0.204(10) 419(9) 0.27(3) 0.42(9)
LAMPIRAN 3
Spektra Absorbansi dan Reflektansi UV
Panjang Gelombang
No Absorbansi
[ nm ]
1 665.00 0.000
2 570.00 0.001
3 407.00 0.021
4 317.00 1.766
5 236.00 2.151
NAMA
: SnO2
SAMPEL
SPECTRA : Reflektance [ R% ]
Panjang Gelombang Reflentance
No
[ nm ] [ R% ]
1 768.00 101.749
2 664.00 100.302
3 525.00 100.353
4 376.00 101.618
NAMA
: CoOx@SnO2 x=0.25%
SAMPEL
SPECTRA : Absorbansi
Panjang Gelombang
No Absorbansi
[ nm ]
1 408.00 0.092
2 314.00 1.889
3 274.00 2.037
NAMA
: CoOx@SnO2 x=0.25%
SAMPEL
SPECTRA : Reflektance [ R% ]
Panjang
Reflentance
No Gelombang
[ R% ]
[ nm ]
1 768.00 100.093
2 405.00 86.825
NAMA
: CoOx@SnO2 x=0.5%
SAMPEL
SPECTRA : Absorbansi
Panjang Gelombang
No Absorbansi
[ nm ]
1 389.00 0.114
NAMA
: CoOx@SnO2 x=0.5%
SAMPEL
SPECTRA : Reflektance [ R% ]
Panjang Gelombang Reflentance
No
[ nm ] [ R% ]
1 768.00 101.126
1,5
Absorbansi
1,0
0,5
0,0
Spektra Overlay %R
100
80
SnO2
CoO@SnO2 0,25%
60 CoO@SnO2 0,5%
%R
40
20
LAMPIRAN 4
Grafik Perhitungan Energi Celah Pita
1. SnO2
1,0
0,9
0,8
0,7
1/2
(F(R'×hv )
0,6
0,5
0,4
0,3
0,2
3.944 eV
0,1
0,0
3,4 3,5 3,6 3,7 3,8 3,9 4,0 4,1 4,2 4,3 4,4
Eg (eV)
2. CoOx@SnO2 0,25%
CoO@SnO2 0,25%
0,0000015
1/2
(F(R'×hv)
0,0000010
0,0000005
1,829 eV
0,0000000
1,70 1,75 1,80 1,85 1,90 1,95 2,00 2,05
Eg (eV)
CoO@SnO2 0,25%
0,00002
1/2
(F(R'×hv)
0,00001
2,588 eV
0,00000
2,4 2,6 2,8
Eg (eV)
CoO@SnO2 0,25%
0,2
1/2
(F(R'×hv)
3,819 eV
0,0
4
Eg (eV)
3. CoOx@SnO2 0,5%
CoO@SnO2 0,5%
0,000003
1/2
(F(R'×hv)
0,000002
0,000001
1.813 eV
0,000000
1,6 1,8 2,0
Eg (eV)
0,0000100 CoO@SnO2 0,5%
0,0000075
1/2
(F(R'×hv)
0,0000050
2.236 eV
2,2 2,4
Eg (eV)
1,5
CoO@SnO2 0,5%
1,0
1/2
(F(R'×hv)
0,5
3.931 eV
0,0
3,3 3,6 3,9 4,2
Eg (eV)
LAMPIRAN 5
Pembuatan Larutan Metilen Biru dan Kurva Standar
1. Pengenceran Larutan Metilen Biru (MB)
Sebanyak 0,005 gram metilen biru diencerkan dengan akuades hingga volum
𝑉1 𝑀1 = 𝑉2 𝑀2
2. Data absorbansi larutan standar metilen biru dan kurva larutan standar.
14
C (x10 ) mol/L 12
10
8
6
6
y = 21,98837x + 0,6168
4 2
R = 0,9985
2
pada setiap 1 gram katalis (c/m) dengan konsentrasi metilen biru setelah 24
jam (c). Perhitungan nilai kapasitas adsorbsi (b) pada isoterm Langmuir
𝑐 𝑐 1
= +
𝑚 𝑏 𝐾𝐿 𝑏
Data hasil perhitungan dapat dilihat pada tabel dibawah ini:
Katalis c/m slope intersep b (x 10-6) KL(konstanta
(kapasitas ads) ads)
(1/slope) (1/b/intersep)
(mol/g)
SnO2 0,080287048 -0,0216 0,0923 -46,2962963 -0,234019502
0,042942331
0,033283086
0,029515212
0,027678253
CoOx@SnO2 0,097148844 -0,008 0,0811 -125 -0,09864365
0,25% 0,049012646
0,041065282
0,046363158
0,052550219
CoOx@SnO2 0,125548237 -0,0135 0,1195 -74,07407407 -0,112970711
0,5% 0,086031842
0,0448643
0,055899446
0,061610232
antaralog jumlah metilen biru teradsorpsi pada setiap 1 gram katalis (log
x/m) dengan log konsentrasi metilen biru setelah 24 jam (log c). Perhitungan
nilai kapasitas adsorbsi (k) pada isoterm Freundlich adalah sebagai berikut:
𝑥 1
log = log 𝑘 + log 𝑐
𝑚 𝑛
Keterangan:
k = kapasitas adsorpsi
n = faktor heregenitas
LAMPIRAN 7
A. Di Bawah Sinar UV
4,0 SnO2
3,5
Konsentrasi (ppm)
3,0
2,5
2,0
1,5
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
t (menit)
Konsentrasi
No Waktu (menit) Absorbansi
(ppm)
1. 0 0,153 3,98102061
2. 4 0,061 1,95809057
3. 8 0,059 1,91411383
4. 12 0,056 1,84814872
5. 16 0,057 1,87013709
6. 20 0,056 1,84814872
7. 30 0,055 1,82616035
4,0 CoO@SnO2 0,25%
3,5
Konsentrasi (ppm)
3,0
2,5
2,0
1,5
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
t (menit)
Konsentrasi
No Waktu (menit) Absorbansi
(ppm)
1. 0 0,153 3,98102061
2. 4 0,073 2,22195101
3. 8 0,067 2,09002079
4. 12 0,065 2,04604405
5. 16 0,068 2,11200916
6. 20 0,061 1,95809057
7. 30 0,06 1,9361022
4,0 CoO@SnO2 0,5%
3,5
Konsentrasi (ppm)
3,0
2,5
2,0
1,5
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
t (menit)
Konsentrasi
No Waktu (menit) Absorbansi
(ppm)
1. 0 0,153 3,98102061
2. 4 0,082 2,41984634
3. 8 0,079 2,35388123
4. 12 0,07 2,1559859
5. 16 0,075 2,26592775
6. 20 0,069 2,13399753
7. 30 0,065 2,04604405
3,5
Konsentrasi (ppm)
3,0
2,5
2,0
1,5
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
t (menit)
Konsentrasi
No Waktu (menit) Absorbansi
(ppm)
1. 0 0,153 3,98102061
2. 4 0,074 2,24393938
3. 8 0,074 2,24393938
4. 12 0,069 2,13399753
5. 16 0,07 2,1559859
6. 20 0,067 2,09002079
7. 30 0,066 2,06803242
4,0
CoO@SnO2 0,25%
3,5
Konsentrasi (ppm)
3,0
2,5
2,0
1,5
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
t (menit)
Konsentrasi
No Waktu (menit) Absorbansi
(ppm)
1. 0 0,153 3,98102061
2. 4 0,072 2,19996264
3. 8 0,067 2,09002079
4. 12 0,063 2,00206731
5. 16 0,058 1,89212546
6. 20 0,05 1,7162185
7. 30 0,05 1,7162185
4,0 CoO@SnO2 0,5%
3,5
Konsentrasi (ppm)
3,0
2,5
2,0
1,5
1,0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
t (menit)
Konsentrasi
No Waktu (menit) Absorbansi
(ppm)
1. 0 0,153 3,98102061
2. 4 0,053 1,78218361
3. 8 0,047 1,65025339
4. 12 0,042 1,54031154
5. 16 0,038 1,45235806
6. 20 0,033 1,34241621
7. 30 0,026 1,18849762
LAMPIRAN 8
Ct= -kt + C0
ln Ct= -kt + ln C0
Konsentrasi
Katalis Waktu (t) ln Ct 1/Ct
(Ct)
SnO2 0 3,98102061 1,381538221 0,251191867
4 1,95809057 0,671969799 0,510701607
8 1,91411383 0,649254764 0,522434969
12 1,84814872 0,614184446 0,541081997
16 1,87013709 0,626011738 0,534720158
20 1,84814872 0,614184446 0,541081997
30 1,82616035 0,602215593 0,547597039
CoOx@SnO2 0 3,98102061 1,381538221 0,251191867
0,25% 4 2,22195101 0,798385643 0,450054927
8 2,09002079 0,737174013 0,47846414
12 2,04604405 0,715908197 0,488748031
16 2,11200916 0,747639703 0,473482795
20 1,95809057 0,671969799 0,510701607
30 1,9361022 0,660676777 0,51650166
CoOx@SnO2 0 3,98102061 1,381538221 0,251191867
0,5% 4 2,41984634 0,883704042 0,41324938
8 2,35388123 0,856065553 0,424830271
12 2,1559859 0,768248113 0,463824926
16 2,26592775 0,817984278 0,441320338
20 2,13399753 0,757996995 0,468604104
30 2,04604405 0,715908197 0,488748031
Konsentrasi
Katalis Waktu (t) ln Ct 1/Ct
(Ct)
SnO2 0 3,98102061 1,381538221 0,251191867
4 2,24393938 0,808232973 0,445644837
8 2,24393938 0,808232973 0,445644837
12 2,13399753 0,757996995 0,468604104
16 2,1559859 0,768248113 0,463824926
20 2,09002079 0,737174013 0,47846414
30 2,06803242 0,726597634 0,483551414
CoOx@SnO2 0 3,98102061 1,381538221 0,251191867
0,25% 4 2,19996264 0,788440378 0,454553174
8 2,09002079 0,737174013 0,47846414
12 2,00206731 0,694180302 0,499483706
16 1,89212546 0,637700779 0,528506181
20 1,7162185 0,540123324 0,58267639
30 1,7162185 0,540123324 0,58267639
CoOx@SnO2 0 3,98102061 1,381538221 0,251191867
0,5% 4 1,78218361 0,57783936 0,561109413
8 1,65025339 0,500928846 0,605967548
12 1,54031154 0,431984695 0,649219313
16 1,45235806 0,373188484 0,688535443
20 1,34241621 0,294471132 0,744925451
30 1,18849762 0,172690005 0,841398403
UV: