100 Russianverbsi 00 Bernrich

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100
RUSSIAN VERBS IN
COMMON USE
AND
1,000 OF THEIR COMPOUND FORMS
ERRATA.
Page ii, last line but one, insert " make " before " up."
Page 13, line 10, for "eB-feTa " read "cB^Ta."
Page 13, line 14, for c read a.

Page 18, note, insert " used " before " only."
Page 29, line 5-6, insert c before 'TopaTb."

Page 62, line 12, for "no " read "flo."
Page 69, line 9, for " -bb " read n
bt>."
Page verb " CHHTaTb " (No.
124, the 88), as here printed,
is incomplete, and should be ignored.
Page 125, line 4, for "TaMHTb " read "Tanprrb."

(fig.) m figurative.
(imp.) = impersonal.
(pop.) = popular.
RUSSIAN VERBS
IN COMMON USE
AND
1,000OF THEIR
COMPOUND FORMS
SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON

KENT & CO., LTD. 4 STATIONERS'
HALL COURT : : LONDON, E.C.
ESERVATtON
>PY ADDED
•IGiNALTOBE
TAINED
12 1994
Copyright, 7917
BILLING AND SONS, LTD., PRINTERS, GUILDFORD, ENGLAND

P&zxrrt
PREFACE
One of the chief difficulties in learning the Russian
language consists in the length and complexity of its
compound words. The object of this booklet is to
help the beginner to overcome this difficulty, to show,
indeed, that these long words, which appear to him to
be stumbling-blocks, may be turned into stepping-stones
across the stream of his ignorance.
Brought to a stand by a word of many syllables, the
natural thing to do is to look it up in a dictionary.
Having ascertained its meaning, the student applies it

for his immediate purpose, and then, probably, at once
forgets it.
A more intelligent method is to break up a compound

word into its component parts. The learner may feel
cheered at recognizing one or two of these he looks up
;
the rest, pieces them together, and then fondly imagines

that he has " got at " the meaning of the word. In
many cases he does, in this way, obtain a rough idea
of what his word means, but rarely its exact signifi-
cance. For most compound words in Russian are not
mere bits of patchwork, but organic wholes which, by
colloquial use or otherwise, have acquired several
quite special meanings, and these meanings cannot be
guessed at.
a a r* ooA
VI PREFACE
Verbs are admittedly the most vital constituents of a
language, and in Russian verbs can be found the clue
to almost all the other compound words e.g. the be-
wilderingly long word
BHCOKonpeBOCxoAHTeJiBCTBO,
which is name on an addressed
often seen preceding the
envelope, at once yields up its secret to any one who
knows that the verb npeBoexo^HTb means " to excel/'
Prefixing the adjective bhcoko, " high," he translates
" High Excellency."
This booklet, which is meant to be an accessory to
the Russian dictionary and grammar, consists of 100
of the simple Russian verbs in daily use and over 1,000
of compound forms. When puzzled by any
their
compound verb or other part of speech containing such
a verb, the student has only to turn to the page devoted
to the verb in question and its related forms under the
heading of their common root and look up its meaning,
or several meanings, from which he can select the most
appropriate one.
Apart from such immediate usefulness, these lists
any dictionary
are of far greater use educationally than
or vocabulary, because, by means of them, a bird's-
eye view can be obtained of the chief Russian verbs.
Seeing each verb again and again with its chief
compound forms ranged beneath it, the student will
almost unconsciously come to realize all that that
special verb stands for; he will, in time, acquire a
wider and more accurate vocabulary and, when trans-
lating English into Russian, will be more likely to use
the appropriate and adequate equivalents. Further,
familiarity with the prefixes constantly found in these
combinations will enable him, as he advances, to
grasp the meaning of many a compound word at a
PREFACE Vii
glance. Thus, in more ways than one, by using this

booklet, valuable insight will be gained into the
structure of one of the richest of modern languages.
It is suggested also that these lists might be used as
a basis for exercises set by teacher for pupil.
In order to keep the lists as simple as possible, only
one grammatical element (the completed or uncom-
pleted nature of the action) has been indicated.
The reflexive form ending in ca or cb is only given
when it has a distinctive meaning.
M. B.
November, igi6.
CONTENTS
PAGE PAGK
i. Ehtb ... i 29. >Khtb ... 42
2. BpaTb 3 30. 3BaTB 44
3. BpocaTB .
5 31. 3HaTB 45
4. Ebitb 6 32. HrpaTB . 46
5. B-fejKaTB .
7 33. HflTH 47
6. Be3TH 8 34. MCKaTB 50
7. BepT^Tt .
9 35. KaaaTB 51
8. BecTH 11 36. KnflaTB 52
9. BHflllTB 13 37. KjiacTB 54
10. BhcItb 14 38. KjIHKaTB 56
11. Bop6HaTB 16 39. KpacftTB 57
12. BpamaTB 17 40. KpacTB - 58
13. BtpHTB . 18 41. KpBITB 59
14. BH3SITB 19 42. KynHTB . 60
15. rjIHA^TB 21 43. KycaTB . 61
16. THaTB • 23 44. K^maTB . 62
17. THyTB • 25 45. JlemaTB . 63
18. TOBopiITB • 27 46. JleT-feTB . 64
19. ToptTB 29 47. JIhtb . 65
20. Tp'feTB • 30 48. JleHB . 66
21. Tyji^TB • 31 49. JIOJKHTB . 67
22. JldiTh • 32 50. JIOMSLTB . 69
23. ^BHraTB 34 51. MeTaTB . 71
24. flepraTB • 35 52. MyTHTB . 73
25. JXe^mkTh • 37 53. M^HTB • 74
26. fl^MaTB 38 54. MblTB • 75
27. fltjiaTB • 39 55. M£h6tB . 76
28. >KaTb . 41 56. MipHTB .
7S
CONTENTS
PAGE PAGE
57. M-felH&Tb 79 80. CMOTp-ETb III
58. HecTH 80 81. OraBHTb 113
59. IlacTb 83 82. CTaHOBHTb 115
60. IIep6Tb 85 8$. OraTb 116-
61. IlHC&Tb 86 84. OroHTb 117
62. IlHTb 88 85. Orp6HTb 119
63. IIjiaTMTB 90 86. CTp'BJiHTb 121
64. IIpaBHTb 9i 87. GTynnTb 122
65. IIpOCfiTb 93 88. G^HTaTb 124
66. FtyCTHTb 94 89. TacnaTb 125
67. II^Tb 96 90. TBOpHTb 127
68. Pa66TaTb 97 91. Tep^Tb 128
69. PacTH 98 92. Tenb 130
70. POflHTb 100 93. TojiKaTb I3 2
71. PyGftTb 101 94. ToproBaTb 134
72. PiaaTb 102 95. TflH^Tb 135
73. CaAHTbCfl IO4 96. y^HTb 137
74. CwfeTb I05 97- XBaTHTb 139
75. CKaaaTb 106 98. HHTaTb 141
76. Cjiy>KHTb IO7 99- 'BcTb 142
77. GnymaTb 108 100. 'feaaHTb t
44
78. CnHinaTb 109 1 01. "BxaTb 145
79. CjrfeflOBaTb IIO
ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS I
1. BMTb
(to beat).
As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

a BiiTb
With Prefixes denotes completed action.
As Infinitive obsolete.
C EHB&Tb
With Prefixes denotes uncompleted action.
(The Prefixes may be used with each form of this Infinitive unless
otherwise indicated.)
b- to beat or drive in ; inculcate.

B3- to beat up, puff up; whip (cream).
bh- to beat, knock or strike out ; break down
chase, emboss.
flo- to finish off by beating or knocking.
3a- to beat or drive in.
3a- a to begin to beat (e.g. alarm).
H3- to beat thoroughly.
o- to upholster; hang (paper).
ot- to beat, drive or chip off; repel; rid one-
self of.
Ha- to beat, knock or drive on fill in or into;
fill up, cram; print (calico); put up

(price).
nepe- to beat or kill in quantity or all; in-
terrupt; break,
no- to massacre, kill, conquer; lay (crops).
no#- to beat, drive or nail under or from under-
neath; to line (e.g. a coat); bruise;
entice,
ripii- to nail to, affix ; drive in (by waves),
npo- to beat, strike or drive- through; make a
breach or hole, pierce; strike (clock).
2 ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS
npo-v -ick : to force one's way through,
-pas-": • ; to break, dash to pieces; defeat; wreck;
'
.« ''.
c , , : / destroy; pitch (tent) lay down (plans),
;
c- to knock, strike or drive off; knock to-

gether; confuse; churn; beat up (eggs),
c- -ch to become disconcerted or confused.
y- to kill.
ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS 3
2. EPATb
(to take).
Kna ^s ^ n ^n ^ ve denotes uncompleted action.

p , As Infinitive obsolete.
[The Prefixes may be used with each form of this Infinitive unless
b- c to take, soak or suck up, absorb.

B3- -ch c to climb up, ascend.
Bti- to choose, select, pick out.
bh- -ch to move out, change quarters,
flo- to gather, pluck or glean all.
flO- -ca to arrive at ultimately.

3a- to take up in advance take on credit
;
seize; get hold of.

aa- -ch to creep into.
H3- to choose, elect.
Ha- to gather, collect; levy; compose
(type).
Ha- -ch to get together.
c o- I
to P*°k or str*P °^ *
plunder.
a oto- \
to take away, confiscate; choose or
c ot- pick out; select,
J
nepe- to take one after another; look or
pick over; examine,
nepe- -ch to cross over; remove,
no- -ch c to bog.
a noAO- 1 to take or pick up; match, assort;
c nog- J
reef (sails) ; tuck up (clothes).
a noflo-
| tQ i ns i nua te oneself; creep
r towards.
c noji;- )
npn- to arrange, put in order; set; adorn.

npo- to scold.
npo- -ch to make one's way through.
x f to take to pieces, disjoint; sort,
a P
"
" \ \ assort; discriminate; decipher;
P a3 j
[ understand.
a paao- 1
_ CH ^ mves tig° a te, examine.
c paa- J
CO- to gather; collect (dues); gather in

harvest; muster; convoke.
co- -ch to make ready for.
y- to take off put away or by remove

; ;
house (crops); arrange, trim,

decorate.
y- -cfl to take oneself off.
ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS
3. BPOCATb
(to throw).
p, , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

P With Prefixes denotes completed action.
b BpociiTb In all forms denotes completed action.
p, . As Infinitive obsolete.
^ With Prefixes denotes uncompleted action.
(The Prefixes to be used as indicated by the lettering.)
b- b c to throw, cast or dart in.

B3- b c to throw or dart up.
bli- b c to throw out, reject.
A0- b c to throw up to.
3a- b c to throw behind or beyond give up ;
mislay.
3a- a c to overwhelm ; cover up.
Ha- a b c to throw on; sketch.
ot- b c to throw away, aside, by or back
discard; reject,
nepe- b c to throw over,
nepe- -ch c (cjiOBaMH) bandy words ;
(uiyTKaMH)
chaff each other,
no- a to throw down arms; finish
throwing.
noA- b c to throw up ; put or throw in
secretly.
npo- b c to lay out cards wrongly.
pas- a c to throw about, scatter, disperse
squander; make disorder.
c- 6 c to throw off or down.
4. BLITt
{to be).
^ S ^ n în ^^ ve denotes uncompleted action.

a But
c Bhb&tb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.

Bi>i- to go out, retire; leave (regiment, school, etc.).

3a- to forget.
flo- to get, obtain, acquire.

ot- to go away, set sail, set out; withdraw; do (a
term or duty),
no- to remain for a short time.
npe- c to remain (e.g. in health); " remain" (at end

of a letter),
npn- to come, arrive; increase,

npo- a to remain, stay for a time.
c- to rid oneself of; sell off.
y- to decrease, abate; be on the wane (moon).

5. E-B5KATL
(to run),
pv , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c B feraTb
r
In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
B- to run in.
B3- to run up (e.g. stairs).
AO- to run up to, reach.
3a- a (BnepeAi>) run ahead.

3a- a c to run in or call in passing.
3a- c to begin to run.
H3- to avoid, escape.
Ha- to run against ; fall upon ; fall in with
attack.
OT- to run away from.
lepe- to run over or across; become a
renegade.
no- a to start running.
no- c to run about a little.
noA- to run up to.

npn- to come to by running.
npH- c have recourse to take refuge.
;
npo- a to run through.

npo- c to run for a certain time.
pa3- -Cfl to run asunder, disperse.
pas- -ch a take a start in running.
y- to run away; flee, escape.
6. BE3Ttf
(to drive).
R , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c Bo3htb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
(The Prefixes may be used with each form of this Infinitive.)
b- to drive or bring in (in a vehicle) ; import.

bh- to convey, drive or cart out; export.
30- to drive or convey to.
3a- to leave in passing; call in with; convey to a

wrong place.
ot- to drive or convey away or back (e.g. home),

nepe- to drive or convey over; transport,
no a- to drive or convey under or up to.
npn- to convey, bring.
pa3- to convey or hawk about; convey several

people or things each to a separate place.
y- to drive or convey away.
7. BEFPfeTb
a c (to turn) ; b (to bring back).
_> ± As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

F With Prefixes denotes completed action.
b BepHyTb In all forms denotes completed action.
R .. As Infinitive obsolete.
P With Prefixes denotes uncompleted action.
b- a c to screw in.
b- be squeeze in; put in (e.g. a word).
bh- a c to draw out by twisting, screw out.
bh- b c to turn over and empty.
bh- -ch a b c to slip out of one's hands; extricate
oneself.
3a- a to begin to turn; screw up, twist
round.
aa- b to call in on the way.
3a- b c to envelop, wrap, muffie up.
Ha- a b c wind or twine on or
to turn, twist,
on to.
Ha- -ch b c to happen unexpectedly.
Ha- -ch b c to start (of tears).
06- a b c to twist round ; wrap or bind up
envelop; put into a cover.
ot- a c to screw off; unscrew.
ot- b to turn off.
nepe- b c to turn over,

no- a to turn a little,
no- b c to turn round, veer, tack (ship).

nOA- a to strengthen by screwing.
noft- b c to thrust under, tuck up.
noR- -oh b c to slip or fall under; drop in; come
in unobtrusively get out of
;
someone's way.
npn- a to turn or screw to.
paa- a c to unscrew, unroll, unwrap.
pa3- b c unfold, display; develop.
pa3- -Cfl b c to deploy (columns) ; blow (flower)
come out (shy person),
c- a be to roll or wrap up; turn, twist,
wring, wrench; turn aside.
c- -ch b c to turn, curdle (milk).
y- -Cfl b c to avoid, escape, evade ;
give the
slip to.
ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS II
8. BECTtf
(to lead).

c BoftMTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
b- to lead in ; introduce.
B3- to lead up; impute; cock (gun).
bli- to lead or bring out draw out, deduce,
;
derive, prove; hatch; make some-

one lose (e.g. patience).
flO- to lead up to; bring to, drive, reduce
to (e.g. madness).
3a- to wind up (watch); start (conversa-
tion); start having or keeping
(e.g. poultry, horses).
H3- to use up, consume, exhaust; ex-
asperate.
Ha- to lay on (varnish); point (gun);
bridge over; (TOCKy) bore (a person),
06- to encircle, surround, enclose.
063a- -Cb
to provide oneself with.
063a- -Cfl
nepe- lead or conduct over one after

to
another or all; translate; change
(e.g. the topic).
no- a to lead about.

noa- to lead or bring to; lead someone
into trouble; pencil (e.g. eyes) A up
(the face). *****
npn- to lead up to ; bring to ; adduce, cite,
quote,
npo- to lead through, over or past conduct ;
trace; construct (road or railway);

pass the time deceive.;
npo- a to escort; cheat.

npoH3- to produce, create, effect; derive,
deduce; promote,
pas- to separate divorce cultivate, propa-
; ;
gate, breed; dilute (a powder, etc.);

kindle (fire) swing open (bridge).
;
c- to lead or bring off or down; bring

together; remove (a stain).
y- to lead away.
9. BM#£Tb
(to see).

I
a BnA^Tb \ With Prefixes, as a rule, denotes completed

( action.
t p> - As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

(The Prefixes may be used with each of these Infinitives unless
B3- a to perceive, see from afar; (cB^Ta He)

be blinded by a shock.
*HeHa- a to hate,
nepe- to see one after another or all.
no- -en a to visit, have an interview.
^ c a to foresee, foreknow.
npo-J
npn- -ch a to dream; appear to some; see an
apparition.
c- -ch to meet.
y- to perceive, descry ; observe.
* Exceptions, denoting uncompleted action. The Infinitive

BiiAbiBaTb is not used with Prefixes.
10. BMCfcTb
(to hang; weigh).
a BuCETb \-7^ hone (fate)
a1 BncHyTb ^ As Infinitives denote uncompleted action.

a 2 B BCHTb v, , With Prefixes denote completed action.
r
r*± As Infinitive obsolete.

B3- a2 c to consider, ponder.

bh- a2 c to hang out.
bh- a? to weigh out.
3a- a to depend, depend on.
3a- a2 a 3 c to cover with a curtain ; veil.
Ha- a 1 to hang over (clouds).
Ha- a 2 az c to hang (pictures, doors).
06- a 1 to overhang mistake the weight
; ; cheat
in weight.
06- a2 a3 c to hang round or down hang; loose.
ot- a 1 to hang down.
ot- a 2 a? c to weigh off or out; drop (curtsey),
nepe- a2 az c to weigh again; weigh all; weigh down;
prevail; to hang all or one after
another; hang in another place.
no- a to hang a little.
no- a1 to droop.
no- a 2 to hang (e.g. on a gallows, peg),
noa- a 2 a5 c to hang under,
npn- a 2 a3 c to hang to.
npo- a2 a3 c to weigh wrongly.

pa3- a 2 a3 c to weigh out in smaller quantities; to
hang about or out; hang pictures on
walls,
c- a 2 a3 c to weigh; to hang down.
y- a 2 a3 c to hang round.
l6 ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS
11. BOPOHATb
a (to turn) ; b (to make someone return).
a BoponaTb | As Infinitives denote u ncompleted action

a (BpaujaTb) J With Prefixes denote completed action.
7,/p , x [In all forms denote completed action.
R , As Infinitive obsolete.
{Prefixes to be used as indicated by the lettering*)
bh- b c to turn out or inside out.

3a- b c to turn in or over; tuck up.
H3- -ch c to extricate oneself out of diffi-
culties.
Ha- b c to turn or roll on ;

pile up overload.
;
0T- -ch b to turn away or aside,

nepe- b c to turn over.
no- c to turn round; veer, tack.
no- -ch c to bestir oneself; hurry up.
npn- b to attract by witchcraft,
pas- c to roll asunder,
pas- b throw about ; undo (Aymy) to

; stir up
old trouble,
c- b c to turn aside shunt displace remove.
; ; ;
* For a x and b l see opposite.

ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS VJ
12. BPAmATB
(to turn round).
As Infinitive only used poetically.

t R" .
'
b1 BparaTb
(Prefixes may be used with each form of this Infinitive.)
B03- to return something.

H3- to distort.
ot- to ward off; disgust,
npe- to transform,
pas- to deprave.
co- to lead astray ; (cbok) B-fepy) convert.
l8 ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS
13. B-fcPHTb
(to believe).
^ As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

^ With Prefixes denotes completed action.
R *
^
,
b- to entrust.
#0- to trust to, confide in.
3a- to assure, give assurance; certify.
H3- -ch a to lose confidence, lose faith in.
no- c to confide in; entrust something to

someone.
npo- to examine, look over; verify.
pa3y- to dissuade ;
persuade to the contrary,
c- to collate, compare.
y- to assure, assert ;
persuade, convince.
Note. — B-fepoBaTb, yB'fcpoBaTb, "to believe," is, only in the

religious sense.
14. BH3ATB
(to bind; to knit).

C BH3UBaTB
b- to tie or knit in ; implicate ; entangle.

b- -ch to interfere, intermeddle.
bh- to knit (a pattern).
3a- to tie, bind; enter upon; start (e.g. a
conversation).
Ha- to knit on to attach impose on burden
; ; ;
with something.
Ha- -ch to obtrude oneself.
06- to bind or tie round bandage. ;
ot- to untie, loosen, detach.

ot- -ch to rid oneself of.
nepe- to bind, tie, bandage dress ; (wound) ;
bind or knit again or over,

no- to bind, tie, wrap; knit a little or some-
times.
noA- to bind, tie or tuck up.
npw- to bind, tie, attach to.
npn- -ch to become fond of someone,
pas- to unbind ;
untie, loosen; unravel; set
free.
pa3- -ch to get rid of someone.
c- to bind or tie together, connect; knit
(stockings).
c- -ch to get into some connection with someone,
y- to bind or tie up pack pack up.
; ;
y- -ch to follow someone persistently.
Note. —BH3HVTb, " to stick," is a distinct verb.

is. rjifltffeTb
(to look).
p * As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

frTjiflHyTb In all forms denotes completed action.
p , As Infinitive obsolete.
B- to look intently.
B3- be to glance at.
BH- a c to have the appearance of; look like;
look well or ill (in health).
BH- be to look out.

BLI- c to spy out.
ao- a to look after, mind, watch.
3a- bo to look, peep or drop into.
3a- -CH a c to become absorbed in looking at or
admiring someone or something.
Ha- -CH a to gaze on or contemplate enough;
feast one's eyes upon.
0- ab c to look at; look from top to toe;
examine.
nepe- a c to look through or over.
nepe- -Cfl bo to exchange glances.
no- a c to look a little.
no«- a c to spy upon.

npn- a b c to look out, select.
npn- -ch a b to make a good impression ; have
enough of looking.
npo- a c to overlook, miss in looking ; to look
for ever so long.
pas- a c to view; examine well.
CO- a c to spy (in folk-lore).
16- THATt
(to chase).
« As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

ToHHTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
The Prefixes may be used with each form of this Infinitive unless
. to chase in or into ; drive in.

b B-j
a B30-)
to chase up.
b B3-j
bh- to chase out, expel, turn or drive out
drive to pasture.
,H0- to overtake, catch up.
3a- to drive in (cattle) ; stable ; run down
harass.
113- to chase away or out ; expel, banish.
Ha- to chase up to (wind); overtake;
hoop (cask).
a 060-
to get ahead of.
b 06-
a OTO- \
to chase or drive'away or off.

b ot- j
nepe- to outstrip in a race; distil over

again; volatilize.
no- a to start chasing or driving,
no- c to spur on.
no- -ch a to start chasing or pursuing; rush

after.
no;}- to chase to or up to; bring up in
time for; adjust, adapt.
noa- c to urge on.
ripn- to chase to or up to; bring up in
droves bring on
; rafts, bring in by
floating; fit, adjust.
npo- to chase or drive away; order or
turn away; dispel.
a pa30-) to chase or drive asunder or away;
b pas-j disperse, dispel.
, t to chase or drive off; drive together.
y- away; " lift " (cattle).

to drive
y- -ch to come up to (a standard); equal,
match.
17. TEYTb
a c (to bend); a1 (to perish).

a Tnyrh
/As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

a 1 TiiBHyTb -IWith its only Prefix no denotes completed
[ action.
r As Infinitive obsolete.
c TnCaTB ^With Prefixes denotes uncompleted

( action.
(The Prefixes to be used with a and c only, unless otherwise

indicated.)
Bhl- to bend out, curve, arch.

3a- to bend, fold or turn up turn
; to one
side or the other.
a H30-)
to bend, bow, fold, curve.
c H3-f
Ha- to bend or bow down.
Ha- -ch to stoop.
a 060-) to avoid by going round; double,
c o6-j weather (cape).
a 0T0-) to bend away from; unbend,
c OT-j straighten.
nepe- to bend over.

no- a to bend a little.
no- a1 c to perish.
no#- to bend or bow under; tuck up.
npn- to bend towards.
'
^ to unbend, open
r ; unfold ; straighten,
c pa3-J °
a co-) to bend, bow, fold; curve up; warp
c c .) (wood).
18. TOBOPflTL
(to speak).
p , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

"
c FoBapHBaTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
bh- to speak out, articulate; pronounce;

scold,
flo- to have one's say out; arrange (about

a job).
3a- to begin to speak tire out with talking
;
reduce some one to silence by talk-

ing; conjure, charm, exorcise,
3a- -Cfl to become absorbed in a conversation,
aa- -CH to speak incoherently, be of unsound
mind,
Ha- to talk immoderately; slander,
0- to make a special clause (e.g. in a
contract) ; accuse someone falsely,
0T- to dissuade.
0T- -Cfl to excuse oneself; depart from one's
word.
nepe- to talk over, discuss,
nepe- -Cfl to interchange a few words,
no- to speak or talk a little,
noA- to instigate.
npii- to sentence; repeat for emphasis (as in
folk-lore).
npo- to utter; speak for a certain time.
npo- -ch to make a blunder in speaking; give
away; let out a secret.
oneself
a to interest someone in a conversation,
make them join in.
pa3- c to converse.
c- to betroth, affiance (among peasants).
y- to persuade, prevail upon.
y- -ch to come to an agreement.
19. rop-fcTb
(to burn).
p # As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

TopaTb
With Prefixes denotes uncompleted action
bh- to burn out or up; consume; reduce to

ashes; to " come off " or succeed,
flo- to burn to an end ; finish burning,
sa- to sunburn,
aa- -ch to catch fire, begin burning.
Ha- to burn in quantity form a ; snuff, gutter
(candle).
06- to char.
ot- to burn out.
nepe- to burn up gradually; consume; be burnt
up (by sun or drought) get dry in the
;
mouth,
no- to burn a little; lose all in a fire.
nofl- to burn or scorch (in cooking),
npn- to burn, scorch.
npo- to burn through; ruin oneself (slang),
paa- -ch to begin to take fire; to flush; grow hot
(battle).
c- to burn down burn with love or shame.
;
y- to be asphyxiated by the fumes of

charcoal.
20. TP-BTb
(to heat).
p * As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c Tp'feBaTb
Ha- to heat something a little ;

get money out of
someone; (pyKH) enrich oneself.
060- to warm.
0T0- to take the chill off cure a frostbite
; ; warm in
one's bosom (fig.),
no- a to warm oneself a little.

no.o.0- to warm up warm again.
;
npH- to show warm affection; show hospitality.
co- to warm.
21. ryji#n>
(to take a walk ; to feast —in popular sense).
_ , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

a J.
Jv JIHTI*
p As Infinitive obsolete.
y '
#0- -ch a to bring on by dissipation (e.g. misery,

punishment).
3a- to start dissipation; be lost in dissipa-
tion.
3a- -ch to stay out walking too long.

Ha- to get something by walking (e.g. appe-
tite, sore feet); get something by

feasting (e.g. disease) ; (Hurpt) fatten.
Ha- -ch to walk to one's satisfaction.
no- to walk a little; take a jaunt; get a
little drunk,
nofl- to be deficient; fail to come up to a
standard; get tipsy,
pa3- to pass time in strolling.
pa3- -ch to be in high spirits ; be in the mood for ;
rouse oneself.
22. flATb
(to give).
b JJaTb In all forms denotes completed action.

c .JJaBaTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
b- -ch to give oneself up to; addict oneself

to; go into in detail.
bh- to give out serve out (rations) spend
; ;
(money); give in marriage; betray,

forsake.
bh- -ch to be prominent, stand out from the
rest.
;n;o- to give the remainder; pay up (e.g.

deficit).
3a- to give out, propound (question) set ;
(task) lead (fashion) assume (airs).

; ;
3a- -ch to take up (a task or aim).

H3- to promulgate (e.g. law) issue, publish.
;
Ha- c to give in quantity; heap upon.

Ha,n;- to give over; outbid; put out extra
effort.
06- to pour water upon (fig.) give the cold
;
shoulder or a stern look.

OT- to give back, deliver, yield; commit;
repay; pay (visit); (bt> HaiiMH) let
(house).
ot- -ch to resign oneself; give oneself whole-
heartedly to someone or something
yield.
nepe- to give over or away; transfer, trans-
mit; give (e.g. a report),
no- to give, present; serve up; bring or
drive up.
no- -ch to give way, yield.
noA- to increase the vapour (Russian bath).
no;q;- -en to submit, give in.
npe- to give up; betray,
npe- -ch to give oneself up to, devote oneself to.
npeno- to teach, instruct.
npn- to give in addition, augment; inspire
(e.g. courage),
npo- to sell.
pa3- to give or serve round; serve out;

dispense; give up (e.g. one's fortune
to the poor).
pa3- -ch to stretch, make room ; resound,
c- to give or deliver up, yield, surrender
deal (cards); let (house).
y- -ch to succeed (imp.).
s
23. ftBIirATb
(to move).
j. , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

b JipunyTh In all forms denotes completed action.
, As Infinitive obsolete.
^ (

b- to move to ; push in or into.

B03- to raise, erect; set up; build (e.g. a house).
bbi- to draw or move out; bring into promi-
nence.
;n,o- to move up to.
3a- to move behind; push in (bolt or bar);
shut (drawer).
Ha- to move or draw on, upon or against.
Ha- -ch to run upon.
oto- to move away or back draw away, ; off or
back push back,
;
nepe- to remove to another place.

no- to move a little; advance; bring near;
incite,
no- -ch to gain ground; move closer.
nofto- to move or put under move up to. ;
npM- to move near put near, ;
npo- to move through or further,

pas- to move asunder, separate, part.
c- to move, remove; put aside; bring to-
gether, join.
24. flEPrATb
(to pull) ; b (be driven to).

^ P With Prefixes denotes completed action.
b JJepHyTb In all forms denotes completed action.
— As Infinitive obsolete.
^ *
b- b o to pull or draw in; push in; thread

(needle).
B3- b o to draw up; jerk up; hang (e.g.
( criminal).
bbi- b c to draw or pull out.
3a- b c to draw (curtains).
H3- a c to worry, through nerve strain.
Ha- a c to pluck or pull out in quantity.
06- b c to draw or pull round; smooth down
or pull straight (clothes).
ot- b c to draw back or aside ; open (curtains)
take off; draw back suddenly (e.g.
the hand),
nepe- b c to cheat in cards ; make someone
shudder (imp.),
no- b c to pull at.
no- -ch to be covered with (e.g. sky with

clouds).
noA- b c to pull under or up; tuck up (gar-
ments).
npo- b o to pull through thread abuse.
; ;
pa3- b c to draw or pull asunder pull to pieces

;
fray out, unravel,

c- b c to pluck off ; draw down ; draw to-
gether.
25. AEPJKATb
(to hold).
— , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

^ ^ With Prefixes denotes completed action.
jj , As Infinitive obsolete.
B03- -ca to abstain, hold oneself back.

bh- to hold out, endure; sustain; undergo.
3a- to keep back, detain; stop; retain.
3a- -ch to linger, stay too long.
H3- to lay out; spend (money).
H3- -ch to run out of money.
no- a to hold or keep for some time,
no A- to hold or keep up; uphold, support,
sustain,
npn- to hold or keep back, detain,
npn- -ch c to hold on to ; keep to.
npo- a to keep, detain.

npo- -ch a c to hold out.
c- to hold back, restrain (e.g. anger,
temper).
co- to keep, support (a person); maintain;
contain, hold.
y- to hold in or back; stop, arrest,
y- -ch to refrain from, forbear; cling to.
26. jtfMATb
(to think).
a HvMaTB ^S ^ n ^ n ^^ ve denotes uncompleted action.

c J^yMHBaTb
b- -ch to go deep into a subject.

B3- a to think of, imagine, conceive.
B3- a to take into one's head.
BH- to think out, devise; invent.
3a- to propose to oneself, intend ; conceive,
plan; meditate.
3a- -ch to be thoughtful or sad ; muse.
Ha- to bethink oneself; determine.
o- -ch to think better of it ; change one's mind
for the better.
06- to think over, ponder on, deliberate,
nepe- to change one's mind.
no- to think a little; reflect on.
npn- to imagine, conceive, devise; invent,
npo- to reflect for some time,
npo- a to think out thoroughly.
pa3- a to change one's mind.
pa3- c to meditate, hesitate.
27. tffeJIATb
(to make, do).
„* As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

J,*
b- to work in ; set or put in ; fit in ; enchase.

B03- to cultivate; plough, till.
BH- to manufacture; finish; curry or dress

(skins).
;n;o- to finish, complete.

3a- to close, block up.
Ha- a to bring about or make (e.g. mischief).
06- to work, form; finish off; set, mount;
bring off cleverly (e.g. business).
ot- to finish off; trim, adorn, decorate;
abuse.
ot- -ch to rid oneself of ; have a narrow escape,
nepe- to alter,
no- a to do.
no- c to be doing.
noR- to counterfeit, forge, falsify, adulterate;
mimic,
noji;- -ch to be subservient to.
npH- to add on to or put to; add; join; fit.
npo- to bring something through ; make an

aperture (e.g. window) ;
(iittvkh) do
unexpected things.
pa3- to make someone smai*t.
pa3- -Cfl to satisfy (creditors); come off well;
have done with something or
someone.
c- to make, do.
c- -Cfl to become.
28. JKATL
(to press).
™ As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c JKwMaTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
b- to squeeze or press in.

bbi- to press, squeeze or wring out ; strain ; exhaust
drain (of money).
30- to press, squeeze or wring sufficiently.
3a- to press or squeeze; grasp; clench.
Ha- to press on squeeze, wring screw up.

; ;
no- to shrug (shoulders) ; shake (hands).

noA- to fold under; sit cross-legged; purse up (lips);
(xboctb) be humble after rebuke.
npn- to clasp, hug; oppress; vex; extort.
pa3- to unclasp, unclench; open; loosen.
c- to press, compress ; condense contract.

;
y- to press down or in; compress.
Note. —The verb maTB, Human,, " to reap," is a distinct

verb.
29. JKHTb
(to live).
a 5Kht
^ S ^ n ^ n ^^ ve denotes uncompleted action.
c JKiiBaTb
( The Prefixes may be used with each form of this Infinitive unless
bbi- to dwell a long time outlive supplant

; ;
dislodge; get rid of something.

#0- to live till a certain time; attain the
age of.
3a- to begin to live from a certain date (e.g.
happily); cicatrize, heal.
3a- -ch to remain long.
H3- to have done with, outlive (e.g. an ex-
perience).
Ha- to gain, acquire, get (e.g. a disease).
Ha- -Cfl to grow rich, thrive.
o- to revive, recover spirits; renew.
06- -ch to accustom oneself to new surround-
ings,
nepe- to experience; survive; outlast,
no- a to have lived.
no- c to feel (e.g. well or unwell),
npn- to beget, procreate; have by.
npo- to live or stay; pass life; spend or
squander (money).
pa3- -ch to thrive, prosper ;
grow rich.
c- to get rid of; (co cirfeTy) to worry some-

one out of his life,
c- -ch to get accustomed to.

y- -ch to live on good terms with.
30- 3BATL
(to call).
a 3BaTb ^ s Innnit i ye denotes uncompleted action.

* , As Infinitive obsolete.
b- o to call upon; invoke (in religious

sense).
bh- to call up, out or for; evoke, call
upon; challenge.
bh- -ch to offer oneself.
3a- to invite in.
Ha- to call, name ; call together.
[a to answer a call.
\c to express one's opinion about;

c ot- -ch
I respond.
nepe- to entice over or away,
no- a to call in or up; summon.
a noflo-
to ca y cg jj someone t0 approach-
c no;n;-J
npn- to call or summon up; call upon,

invoke,
npo- to give a name to, denominate,
co- to call together, convene, convoke;
invite.
31. 3HATB
(to know).
~ As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c 3HaBaTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
bh- to find out ; investigate ; learn.

^
£0- o to inquire about ; ascertain ; find out.
3a- -ca to be self-conceited or haughty.

060- -Cfl to take one person for another.
no- to recognize; learn.
npn- to acknowledge, admit, own; confess.
pacno- to distinguish, discern.
pa3y- to make inquiries about ; ask for.
co- to acknowledge, recognize, admit;

be conscious of ; confess,
cno- to become friends with.
y- to recognize, know again be informed

;
of.
32. MrPATb
(to play —game or tune).
tt . As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

r^r As Infinitive obsolete.
*
{The Prefixes may be used with each form of this Infinitive.)
*B3- to rejoice; leap for joy.
BH- to win, gain ; draw a prize.
A0- to play out.

3a- to begin to play; frolic; flirt.
Ha- to play an air ; win money by gambling.

Ha- -CH to be satiated by play.
OT- to win back; retrieve.
nepe- to play over again.

npo- to lose.
npo- -CH to ruin oneself by gambling.

*pa3- to play the whole of; dispose of by lottery,
*pa3- -CH to rise (wind or sea).
* In these cases the h changes into li (e.g. B3tirpaTb).

33. HflTH
x
a (to go) ; c c (to walk).
As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action?

a IiflTH, Mtth
Yn As Infinitives denote uncompleted action.

iv With Prefixes denote, as a rule, uncom-
cXajKHBaTb
pleted action. M--.
(The Prefixes to be used as indicated by the lettering
B- a o to go or come in ; enter into.

a B30MTII) a c to go up, mount, ascend ; rise
C BOC- { (sun); come up; sprout.
a BBlftTHl
(a c to come, go or walk out; suc-
ceed; expire (lease); be ex-
C BH- j
( hausted (e.g. provisions).
BLI- c* to walk all over (e.g. a city).
BH- c
1
to walk over; make well by
nursing.
a aohth j
a c to go or come up to reach, at- ;
C JSfl-j
tain; be reduced to.
a a c to set (sun).
3atlTH)
ace1 to come in; call in; go be-
c 3a-
hind or beyond.
a H30fiTH c to proceed from, result.
1
C HC- c c to go through the whole of
(e.g. a country).
Exception, denoting completed action.
4*i HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS
ONE HUl
a HaHTH a c to find, discover ; detect
c Ha-j be seized with (a mood).
-Cb 1
c Ha-] a c to exist, be.
V -Cflj
a 060HTH-) a c to pass over; set aside (a

c 06- person) evade (the law).
;
a 060HTH-)
ace 1
to go or pass round double ;
(a cape); make the tour

c 06-)
of.
1
c 06- c to cultivate someone with
an interested aim.
a OOOHTH- -Cb) a c to do without something
c 06-1 -chI cost behave towards.
;
a to become oneself again.

a OTOliTH-) C
\ a c to go or come away or off

c OT-J
I
die.
OT- c c
1
to make well by nursing.
nepe- a c to cross over, traverse.
a to go.
a noiiTH- [
•
c to walk a little ; be like,
c no-l
resemble.
no- c
1
to go or walk up or down
call.
a noAOiiTH- f
a to draw near, approach.
c no n-j \a c to match, suit.
a npeB030HTH
a c to surpass, excel.
c npeBOC-j
,ac to come in, into or to;
a npiiiTM- Cb| happen.
arrive ;
c npii-J •
CHJ 1 a c to be or remain due (imp.)
( be obliged to.
a c to go, come or pass through
wander over or through;
a npoiiTH)
go through a course of;
c npo-J spend time in strolling;
expire, elapse ; wear off.
a c to arise or proceed from
a npoHBOitTH
originate; take place;
c npuc- happen.
(
a c to separate, disperse miss ;
one another; differ in

pa30HTH-) -
opinion ;dissolve sell ;
-
pac-j get into the swing of.
1
c to walk about.
r
a c to come down, descend

CO&TH- get off; alight, dismount;
c- disappear from the scene
(figo-
facto meet, come together;

coSth Cb
enter upon illicit marital
c:):CH relations.
I
(a c to go or walk away; depart.

-CB
c* to tire someone out.
y-i -Cfl
I c
1
to make love ; court ; nurse.
Exception, denoting completed action.

34. HCKATL
(to seek).
t, , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

C IlCKHBaTb
*B3- to demand, claim; prosecute.

bbi- to find out, seek out, search,
jjo- to seek after ; find out ; finish searching.
3a- c to ingratiate oneself; curry favour.
*H3- to seek out, investigate, search for.
*ot- a to find.
*ot- c to seek out.
nepe- to seek or look for over again ; look through.
no- a to seek or look for for a short time,
npn- a to find.
npH- c to seek for (e.g. a situation, also fig.),
npo- a to be searching (for a certain time),

to trace out ; investigate.
* In these cases the h changes into u (e.g. B3HCKaTb).

35. KA3ATB
(to show ; -ch, to appear —imp.).
t* As Infinitive obsolete.
™ As Infinitive obsolete.
bh- to show, exhibit ; display.
bbi- -ch a to show oneself to be.
;n;o- to prove, demonstrate, show.
3a- to order, bespeak; prohibit, forbid.
Ha- to punish, chastise; order, enjoin,
o- to show, express (e.g. respect); render

(e.g. service).
ot- to refuse, deny; withhold; bequeath,
no- to show, indicate; exhibit.
npH- to order, command, enjoin, bid ; summon.

y- to point out, indicate; show, direct.
36. KHflATb
(to throw).
y. , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

b KiiHyTB In all forms denotes completed action.
y> As Infinitive obsolete.

b- a b c to throw in.
bh- 6c to throw out, eject; exclude; cast

up figures (on abacus); display
(colours).
;n;o- ab c to throw or fling up to finish casting
;
(e.g. nets).
3a- a to shower upon (naMHflMH)

;
stone.
3a- b c to throw beyond or behind throw ;
out; cast (nets) back or over;

throw aside, abandon, neglect.
Ha- a to throw or fling on, over, upon or
in; throw in a heap.
Ha- b c to raise the price; put on (e.g. a
wrap),
o- b c to fling around encircle cast over
; ;
take in (e.g. at a glance),

onpo- ab c to overthrow, upset ; swamp, cap-
size.
ot- b c to throw or fling away ; aside or

back; fold back or down; reject;
dismiss.
nepe- a to fling down many objects,
nepe- b c to throw or fling over, across or too
far.
no- a b to forsake ; throw sometimes or a

little,
nofl- b c to throw under; throw in (e.g. an

anonymous letter); leave (e.g.
a child for someone to pick up),
npn- 5 c to add to throw in give a rough
;
;
estimate (e.g. of weight).

npn- -ch b c to feign (e.g. illness).
pac- a b c to scatter ;
pitch (tent) stretch out
;
(arms and legs); extend; branch,

c- b c to throw down or off ; lay aside
discount, subtract.
37. KJIACTb
(to place).
a KjiacTt ^ s ^ n ^ n ^ ve denotes uncompleted action.

Not used with Prefixes.*
v* . As Infinitive obsolete.
W ltn Prefixes denotes uncompleted action
(The Prefixes to be used only with c.)
b- to place, put or pack in; enclose; place

money (e.g. bank, investment) ; sheathe
(sword).
bh- to put down ; calculate ; reckon to report
;
(something secret).
#o- to add to; fill up; announce; report.
3a- to block or wall up; lay the foundation;
harness; put mark (in book); pawn,
mortgage; mislay.
Ha- to place or pile on; load; assess; add.
Ha- to impose (e.g. duty on goods).
06- to place round or over; cover with;
trim, tuck; surround.
06- -ca to lay around oneself.
ot- to put apart or aside; put by, save;
postpone; banish (e.g. care),
nepe- to change something from one place to
another; reckon over again; change
(horses).
noft- to place or put under.
npn- to put to; add; use efforts for some
purpose.
* The compounds of jio>KHTb (p. 67) give, as a rule, the
completed forms of this verb.
npo- to interlay; trace out (map); open a way-
pac- to lay out or on; spread out; lay out
(cards); lay (fire),
c- to put together; fold, pile, pack; stow
(goods),
c- -ch to form an association so as to subscribe
to some cause.
y- to lay; pack up; stow away; lay down
(rails).
y- to put to bed.
38. KJltfKATb
(to call out).
i* , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

b KjiHKHyTB In all forms denotes completed action.
t» , As Infinitive obsolete.
b- to call in (pop).
*boc- to exclaim.
bh- to call out ; call by name.
#0- -ch to call until one is heard.
Ha- to call together; (Ha ce6a) bring down
or draw upon oneself (e.g. misfortune).
ot- -ch to answer to a call,
nepe- to call over (e.g. muster roll),
nepe- -ch to shout to one another (e.g. children in a

wood),
no- to call sometimes or a little.
no#- to call out to someone to approach.
c- to call together.
* k here changes into ij (BOCKJiHijaTb)

39. KPACHTb
(to colour).
y> , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

™ , As Infinitive obsolete.
^ c }
bh- to paint, colour, dye.
,n;o- to finish painting or dyeing.
3a- to cover with paint ; disguise.
H3y- to adorn, embellish, ornament.

Ha- to dye or tinge with colour in quantities ;
paint
on or upon,
nepe- to repaint ; dye a different colour,
npn- to amplify, embellish (story); set off; adorn,
npo- to dye, paint.

pa3y- to adorn, deck; dress up.
pac- to paint, colour, illuminate; soak with colour,
c- to embellish, beautify.
y- to adorn, ornament; garnish.

40. KPACTb
{to steal).
y* As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

™ . As Infinitive obsolete.
B- -Cfl to steal, slink or creep in or into; in-

sinuate oneself.
BH- to steal out ;
purloin.
Ha- to amass by theft.
06- to rob someone; plunder.
nOA- -CH to steal or sneak up to walk

; stealthily.
npo- -Cfl to steal along or through; creep along;

make a clean sweep.
c- to steal something.
y- a to steal, rob, pilfer.

41. KPblTb
(to cover).
y. As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

V With Prefixes denotes completed action.
y> , As Infinitive obsolete.
^ '
{The Prefixes may be used with each form of this Infinitive.)
bc- to open; break open.

3a- to cover; shut.
Ha- to cover; spread over; lay (table); catch

by surprise.
ot- to open, uncover, unveil, expose ; divulge

reveal, perceive; detect.
nepe- to cover over again ; make a new roof.
no- to cover, veil ; spread over wrap

; ; shelter
(guilty).
npn- to cover; shelter; screen, protect, defend.

pac- to uncover, unveil; open (window or
book); put up umbrella; discover
(designs or fraud); disclose (a crime).
c- to conceal, secrete; suppress.
c- -ch to run away, escape, disappear.
y- to conceal, hide; shelter; harbour (thief).
42. KyntfTb
(to buy).
I£»
, As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.
c KynaTb
bh- to buy off, out or back redeem, ransom.

;
;n;o- to buy in addition in order to make up

the quantity required.
3a- to purchase, buy in.
hc- to expiate, atone for.

Ha- to buy; buy up in quantities; purchase.
ot- to buy from someone.
ot- -ch to buy one's freedom ransom oneself,
;
nepe- to repurchase buy something from one

;
who had himself bought it outbid, ;
no- c to buy, purchase.

noft- to bribe, corrupt, suborn,
npn- to buy more; take (at cards),
pac- to buy up or exhaust a supply,
c- to buy up or off; corner; forestall,
c- -ch a to be stingy.
Note. —KynaTL, KynaTBCH, "to bathe," is a distinct verb.

ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS 6l
43. KYCATb
(to bite, sting).
a KycaTt) As Infinitives denote uncompleted action.

^KyCHTbj With Prefixes denote completed action.
T. As Infinitive obsolete.
B3- a to bite dangerously.

B3- a1 c to take a bite or snack; hold one's
tongue; bite one's lips; lose
control; (yniuia) take the bit
between the teeth.
bh- a1 c to bite out; swallow (a tale or an
insult).
hc- a 1 to tempt =HCKymaTB.
hc- a c to bite all over; bite all.
ot- a1 c to bite or snap off.
nepe- a a1 c to bite; bite many.

no- a c to bite now and then,
no- -en a 1 to attempt=noKymaTbCH.
npn- a1 c to break off with the teeth (e.g.
a bit of sugar) bite one's tongue
;
(i.e. keep silence),

npo- a a1 c to bite through.
pac- a1 c to crack (e.g. a nut); bite in two;
conceive; understand,
c- a1 c to bite off.
y- a1 c to bite, sting.
Note. —3aKycHBaTb, aaKycHTB, "to take hors d'ceavres," is
a distinct verb.
44. K^HIATb
(to eat, dine).
tt. , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

^
™ As Infinitive obsolete.
*
b- a to taste, relish, savour; enjoy (e.g. rest).
bli- to take food or drink; take tea (used by

servants and populace); swallow (fig.).
AO- to drink or eat up all ; finish a meal.

hc- a to tempt =HCKycHTb.
ot- to finish eating, drinking or dining (used
by servants).
no- to eat or drink a little.
[no- -ch a to attempt, try; undertake =noKycHTbCH.

45. JIEJKATb
(to lie).
j- , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c JI&KHBaTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
bh- to lie for a long time; keep one's bed.

flo- -ch to lie until (e.g. evening).
3a- -ch to stay too long in bed.
Ha- -ch c to have enough of lying in bed.
Hafl- a to be necessary; one must; to want,

need (imp.).
ot- to take a spell of lying in bed.
nepe- to lie too long.

no- to lie for a while,
noji;- a to lie in the jurisdiction of; be subject

or liable to.
npHHa#- a to belong or appertain to, relate to

concern,
npo- to lie for some time; spend one's
time in lying.
46. JIETfeTb
(to fly).
tt ± As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c JleTaTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
{The Prefixes may be used with each form of this Infinitive unless
b- to fly in.
B3- to fly up, take flight.
bbi- to fly out ;
go out swiftly escape. ;
30- to reach by flying.

3a- to fly in, beyond or away.
H3- to fly or run over a great space.

Ha- to fly on, upon or against ; light or
pounce upon; alight; swoop down;
fall or rush upon.
06- to fly round; outfly; fall (e.g. leaves).
ot- to fly away or off; depart (fig.).
nepe- to fly over or across ; migrate.

no- to fly a little; take flight.
npH- to arrive by means of flying; fly up to.
npo- to fly through or past ;

pass rapidly.
pa3- -ch to fly away or apart; be dispersed or
scattered; run up; come in haste,
c- to fly down, off, or from.
c- a to alight; tumble down.
fall;
c- c to be off and come back quickly,

c- -Cfl to fly together, gather.
y- to fly off or away ; elapse (time).
47. JIMTb
(to pour).
rr As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

-r- , As Infinitive obsolete.
b- to pour in or into.
bh- to pour or throw out ; spill ; cast, mould.
30- to pour full ; fill up.
3a- to pour or wash over; spill upon; make
(blot); overflow; wet; quench; drown
(sorrow).
H3- to pour out discharge shed disburden
; ; ;
inveigh against; pour upon (favours).

Ha- to pour on or upon; fill up; cast, mould,
na- -en to seed; swell (grain).
06- to pour round wet ; ; drench.
06- -ca to melt into tears.
ot- to pour off ; decant ; cast ; shimmer,
nepe- to pour over; transfuse; decant; recast,
no- to pour on; water; baste.
no,o,- to pour under or to; fill up (e.g. glasses
with wine).
npii- to pour to ; add rush
; ; flow,
npo- to pour out; spill; shed,
pas- to draw off ; bottle ; spill ; diffuse,
c- to pour out.
c- -ch to flow together; blend; merge; pour off,
decant.
5
48. JKAib*
(to lie).
^ #
^ , As Infinitive obsolete.
3a- a lie down to sleep.

3a- a c to down
lie behind.
na- a c to set oneself to something press ; upon
ply (oars); exert oneself.
o5- a c to drape with vestments ; surround.
ot- a c to be better; feel relieved (imp.),
iipn- a to lie down,
npii- c to lie or be situated near; be adjacent
to, adjoin,
npo- o to go or run through (road).

pas- -en a to stretch oneself out; lie down to
sleep; sprawl,
c- a to take to one's bed fall ; ill.
y- -ch a to lie down; go to bed, go to sleep;

become quiet or composed; subside;
abate (wind).
* The compounds of Jie xiB give the completed forms of
JiOHUiTbCH (opposite).
49. JlOmfiTh
(to lay ; -ch to lie down).
~ , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

JIaraTb
B- to lay or put in, insert; sheathe

(sword),
B03- to lay or put on, impose, charge;
place upon (e.g. hopes).
BH- a =BHKjiaftHBaTb.
AO- a =£OKJia,a;HBaTB.
3a- a =3aKJia,o i>iBaTb.
l
H3- to state; expound.

Ha- a to impose (e.g. duty on goods).
11a- a c to lay or put on.
06- to lay siege to, blockade, invest;
surround (hunting).
06- -ca a to lay around oneself, =o6KJiaAMBaTb.
OT- a to lay aside, save (money); defer,
postpone,
OT- -CH to separate; get away from.
nepc- a to change something from one place
to another.
nepe a c to translate ; put to music.
no- a to lay down or upon; put, place;
estimate.
no- c to state; suppose.
no- -CH to rely on; confide in.
noA- a ^no^KJiaAbiBaTb
npeft- to lay before; offer, propose; lay

(wager).
npii- a to enclose (e.g. in a letter).
npn- a c to increase one's efforts for some

purpose.
npo- to trace out; open out (road).
pa3- to divide into parts; decompose.
pa3- -CH to decay.
c- to put together, join, clasp; fold up;
resign; sum up; compose (tale or
song).
y- a to lay down (put a child to sleep);
pack up.
50. JIOMATb
(to break).
a JIoM&Tb ) As Infinitives denote uncompleted action.

a 1 JIoMHTbj With Prefixes denote completed action,
c JIaMHBaTb
b- -ch to break in; get in by force; (-m>

aMSmpio) take offence.
B3- to break open or up.
Bbi- to break open or out; break off.
AO- to go on breaking; break the re-
mainder.
3a- to overcharge, overrate; (pyKH) clasp
hands (in supplication or despair).
3a- a 1 to begin to ache (of bones).
H3- a c to fracture, shatter, smash ; beat to
pieces.
Ha- to smash; break in quantities (e.g.
branches for a fire).
06- to break all round; truncate; break
someone's spirit; overcome some-
one's obstinacy.
ot- to break off.
nepe- to break in two or up snap ; off.
nepe- a (kocth) give a sound thrashing,

nepe- a1 to fracture (a bone) ;
(ce6a) control
one's feelings.
no- a to smash,
nofl- -ch to break or give way under some
weight (also fig.),
npo- to break through or in; break to
pieces ; fracture ; make an opening,
pas- a c to break to pieces, shatter, smash,
c- a to break, demolish; pull or throw
down,
c- a1 overcome (e.g. someone's opposition),
y- to persuade, prevail upon; make
someone consent.
51. METATb
(to throw).
„ , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

b MerayTb In all forms denotes completed action.
^.. As Infinitive obsolete.

B3- ab c to fling or throw up ; soar up ; be

stirred up by (e.g. anger or
anguish).
BH- a to throw or cast out ; make button-
holes.
flo- ab c to throw or cast up to ; finish basting

or tacking.
3a- b c to cast (net) ; tack up.
3a- -ch to begin to toss about (patient).
Ha- a c to cast on; tack (material); (HKpy);
spawn.
Ha- -ch a to be able; have a steady hand;
become skilful.
06- a c to overcast; (buttonhole).

0T- ab c to cast out, reject; reprobate.
nepe- ab c to tack over again.
nepe- -ch be to go over, desert.
noft- b c to throw or put under; baste, tack.
npii- ab c to tack or baste to.
pas- a b c to throw asunder, disperse, scatter
spread about (straw, hay),
pas- -ch b to toss about.
c- a b c to throw or fling down together or
in a heap,
c- a c to baste together.
Note. —Mecm, MOTaTb, " to sweep," is a distinct verb.

52. MYTtfTb
(to muddy, trouble).
, , , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

My^ As Infinitive obsolete.

With Infinitives denotes uncompleted action.
B03- a c to disgust.
B03- -en to become indignant.
3a- a to make muddy; disturb (water).
3a- a c (BOftLi He, used only in negative) " not
to set the Thames on fire."
Ha- a to make muddy or dim; trouble,

disturb,
nope- a to disunite all, set at variance,
no- -en a to grow dim (imp.) ;

(pa3yivn>) become
mad.
o a c to disturb ; stir ; agitate, excite, give
anxiety; confuse.
53. MtfHMTb
(to tor hire).
^^, As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

With Prefix denotes completed action.
c My^HBaTB
Bbi- obtain by tormenting; extort.

flO- -ch to arrive at something after painful
effort or torment.
3a- to torment to death; harass; tire out;
exhaust,
H3- to tire or weary out; jade,
H3- -CH to exhaust oneself,

Ha- -CH to torment or plague oneself; worry,
nepe- to torment over again ; tease, plague.
no- a to tease or torment a little or for a

little time,
npo- to torment for a certain time.
npo- -CH to torment oneself with.

54. MblTb
(to wash).

^
c MbiBaTb
With Prefixes denotes uncompleted action,
bh- to wash out, away or off; scoop out,

excavate.
,n;o- towash the remainder; finish washing.
3a- towash out, away or off.
H3- -en c to treat someone cruelly; sneer at a
weaker person.
Ha- to wash up (in the sense of making
alluvial deposit).
06- to wash round or all over; wash (of seas
and rivers) wash off or away lave,
; ;
bathe.
ot- to wash away, off or out.
nepe- to wash all over again sift ; carefully,
nepe- c (koctohkh) to talk gossip,
no- c (njieâMH) to move one's shoulders
slowly and proudly; (KpmiaMH) to
move slightly on the wings ;
poise,
npo- to wash through or away; excavate,
pas- to wash away; hollow out.
c- to wash off or away; wash overboard.
55. M-BHtfTb
(to change, exchange).

a M'BHHTb With Prefixes denotes, as a rule, com-
pleted action.
*^ s I n fi n iti ye obsolete.
h Tirfc i
c MimiBaTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
*b- a b to lay on or upon; reckon as;

impose upon (e.g. a duty).
bli- b c to barter, exchange.
"3a- a b to substitute compensate com-
; ;
mute; replace.
to change, modify betrav, be false
S
H3- a b ;
to.
Ha- a c to exchange, barter, in sufficient

quantities.
06- a b c to barter.
06- -en a b c to interchange.
:
ot- a b to repeal, abrogate, revoke ; set

aside,
*nepe- a b to change, alter, vary; shift.
no- -ch a to exchange (e.g. places).

noA- a b c to substitute.
*npn- a b to apply, adapt ;
put into practice.
*npn- -ch a b to adapt oneself to circumstances.
* Exceptions denoting, with a, uncompleted action.

npo a b c to exchange, barter.
paa- a b c to exchange; give change (money);
cheapen (fig.),
c- a b c to change relieve (guard)

; ; replace
dismiss.
56. M-fePHTb
(to measure).

MipHTb
c MipHTB As Infinitives obsolete.
)
c
1
M4pHBaTb[ With Prefixes denote uncompleted action.
bh- to measure out.

#0- to finish measuring; make up the
measure.
H3- to measure; fathom; gauge.
Ha- to measure out ; try on.
Ha- -Cfl c to intend.
06- to measure round or over; give false
measure,
ou- -ch to make a mistake in measuring.
ot- to measure off.
nepe- to measure over again; measure all;

try on many (e.g. dresses),
no- -ch a (cHJiaMH) to measure one's strength
against test each other's strength,
;
npn- to add in measuring try or ; fit on.

npo- to measure; sound (depth); gauge.
pa3- to estimate dimensions; partition,
divide,
c- to measure off; weigh; scan; eye a
person.
y- a c to moderate ; temper.
57. M-BIIIATL
(to mix) ; a (to disturb).
As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action,

a MkuiaTb
C MfelUHBaTb
B- to mix in ; implicate.
BH- to mix, stir.
3a- to involve ; implicate

Ha- to mix, mingle, blend.
nepe- to mix over again; intermix; blend;
stir; rake.
no-* to mix, mingle, stir; hinder, be in the

way; prevent.
no- a to go mad, be crazy.
noA- to mix in adulterate,
; alloy.
npn- to mix in alloy. ;
pa3- to shake, move stir mingle, dilute.

; ;
c- to mix up, mingle, blend; confound;

entangle.
c- -ch a to become confused, perturbed.
* This form is always used in the uncompleted sense;

noMYTHTbCfl and cmvthtlch supplying the completed sense.
Note. — M'feciiTb, ivrfcciUHBaTb, "to knead," is a distinct verb.
58. HEGTM
(to carry) ; a (lay — eggs) ; c c
1
(uear).

a rl gctii
c HociiTb As Infinitive denotes, as a rule, uncom-

pleted action.
c^HaiiiHBaTb As Infinitive always denotes uncompleted

action.
1
b- a c c to bring in ; introduce, insert
make an entry; cause (e.g.
ennui).
-Cb ) ace 1 to carry or bring up ;
pay in
B3 " -ch} (money); contribute.
B3- „ ace1 to raise oneself to.
B03- a e to raise up ;
praise, exalt, laud.
bh- ace 1
to bear or carry out; remove;
endure.
1
bh- c c to carry a child (in pregnancy)
mature (e.g. a thought).
£0- a c to bear or carry up to ; denounce
inform against.
1
£0- c c to wear old clothes.
3a- ace 1
to carry beyond or away leave ;
in passing; register; fill up;

be covered by drifts (e.g. of
snow).
1
3a- c c to spoil clothes by constant wear.
-Cb) a to be carried away by feeling or
aa-
-chJ imagination.
3a- a c to grow proud; assume airs.
1
H3- c c to wear out ; use up.
na- a c c> to cast up ; drift (e.g. snow)
waft; inflict (e.g. insult); heap
up.
06- ace 1 to carry round (e.g. a dish)
leave out a person (while
serving at table); encompass,
surround; get giddy.
-cb ) a c c
1
to carry or waft away ; deliver
OT-
-ch refer to.
[
OT- a c to apply or relate to (imp.);

towards someone.
feel -*
nepe- ace1 to carry or bear over, transport

remove; transfer; endure.
no- a to start carrying; bolt (horses).
no- c to carry for some time; slander,
defame.
noA- ace 1 to carry or bring near or up to
present (a gift); treat (to
drink).
npeB03- a c to praise, exalt, extol.
npn- a c to bring ; fetch ;
produce, yield
procure (e.g. pleasure).
npo- ac to carry or waft through or past

break through; rush past.
1
npo- c c to wear for a certain time.
-Cb)
npo- -Cfl/
a c spread, circulate.
npoH3- ace 1
to pronounce, utter; deliver (e.g.
a speech).
6
pa3- ace1 to carry round; spread (e.g. a
rumour); reprimand severely;
smash up; hawk about,
pas- c c
1
to make wider by wearing (e.g.
boots),
c- a c to carry down; take away;
endure; lay (eggs).
-Cb ) a c c
1
to communicate about some-
c- thing.
-CH (
y- a c to carry off; take away.

59. IIACTb
(to fall).
„ As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c Il&AaTb In all forms denotes completed action.
b- to fall in or into.
b- c flow in, discharge itself into (river).
bli- to fall or drop out.

3a- to fall behind; stick in one's memory.
Ha- to fall on or upon; attack; be seized
with (e.g. fear) ;
persecute.
ot- to fall away or off; apostatize; abjure,
renounce.
nepe- to profit by something that occurs now
and then (e.g. tips).
no- to fall in or into; drop in on; be met
with; hit or light upon; occur by
chance.
no- -ch to be cheated; be found out.
noft- to fall under; also fig., e.g. to fall under
some influence.
npn- to fall down or against ;
press close to
kiss in admiration or devotion;
(kl pyitfi) kiss the hand deferentially.
npo- to be lost, disappear; be spoiled.
pac- -ch to fall asunder or to pieces; be ruined.
c- to fall off, down or away; abate (e.g.
fever).
y- to fall, fall down, tumble; decline;
decay (fig.); abate (wind).
60. nEPfiTb
(to push),
/As Infinitive (only in vulgar use) denotes

a IlepeTb < uncompleted action.
I With Prefixes denotes completed action.
c IInpaTb
b- to push, thrust or press in.
bh- to push or thrust out (pop.).

3a- to close, fasten, lock; confine; block up.
3a- -ch to shut oneself up deny, disavow.
;
Ha- c to push or press on or against; lay

emphasis on.
0- -ch to lean upon or against; rely on.
ot- to unlock, unfasten, open.
ot- -ch to deny, recant, retract,
no- c to trample under foot; scorn.
no a- to prop, support.
npii- to push, thrust or drive against (e.g.
a wall); drive into a corner (in argu-
ment),
pac- to push, drive or thrust asunder; ex-
pand in bulk; project.
c- to take stealthily ; be oppressed (in
breathing).
y- -en to set against, lean, prop; rest (e.g. arm
on table); persist in; resist.
61. nMCATB
(to write, paint).
rt j
C IlHCHBaTB
b- to write in, inscribe; enter into a book.

bh- to write out, make
extracts strike off a;
list; order (something to be sent

e.g. newspaper) paint minutely.
fto- to finish writing or painting.

3a- to write in; record in writing; note
down.
hc- to fill with writing write all over.
;
hc- -ch to grow stale (e.g. an author).

Ha- a to write send word in writing compose
; ;
(literary work); paint (picture).

Haft- to make an inscription.
o- to describe; take an inventory (by
bailiff).
ot- to write off or back ; bequeath,

nepe- to copy, transcribe; renew (bill); re-
touch (picture),
nepe- -ch c to correspond.
no- c to write from time to time; scribble,
no^- to sign, endorse,
noft- -en to subscribe (e.g. to a newspaper).
npofl- to prescribe, order; dictate; direct,
npn- to add in writing; attribute, ascribe;
incorporate; add postscript,
npo- to register; prescribe (e.g. medicine),
pac- to cover with, painting; describe in an
exaggerated manner,
pac- -ch to sign, receipt.
C- to take a copy, transcribe.
y- to get in in writing.
y- c eat, gobble up.
62. IIMTb
(to drink).
yr As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c IIhb&tb
{The Prefixes may be Uoed with each form of this Infinitive unless
b- to suck up; imbibe; absorb.

b- -ch (rjia3aMH) to feast one's eyes on; drive
in a sting (insect).
bh- a to drink off or out.
bh- c to take a drop now and then.
#0- to drink the remainder; drink up.
8a- to begin to drink; tipple; take a drink
remove a disagreeable taste.
to
hc- to drinkup or off.
hc- a to drain (the cup of humiliation).
Ha- -ch to drink one's fill; slake one's thirst;
get drunk
o- to drink at the expense of someone else.
ot- to drink off.
nepe- -ch to drink too much; drink more than

another,
no- to drink a little; get drunk often or
from time to time.
no;n;- to tipple.
npo- to pass the time in drinking; spend
money on drinking.
npo- -CH ruin oneself by too much drinking,

pac- to drink in company empty bottle,
;
c- -Cfl to become a thorough drunkard,

y- -Cfl to get drunk; feast one's eyes on.
63. nJIATMTb
(to pay).
n . As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

n As Infinitive obsolete.
b- to pay in.
bh- to pay out discharge,

; liquidate.
#0- to pay up the rest.
3a- a to pay, repay ; acquit ; reimburse,
o- to pay off pay the

;
price of something
pay rent.
ot- to pay off, repay, requite; reward;
revenge,
nepe- to pay too much pay over ;

again.
no- -Cfl a to pay the penalty,

pac- -ch to pay off, liquidate; be quits,
y- to pay off, discharge, reimburse.

64. nPABHTb
(to rule).
n^ , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c HpaBJiHTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
otherwise indicated,)
b- to put out of joint.

bh- to put in order, set right, arrange;
making up a valuable garment
start
(e.g. a fur); straighten; mend; repair;
make ready for someone to travel.

3a- to set right; manage; prepare (e.g. a
sauce).
3a- c to administer.
11c- - to correct ; amend, reform,
nc- -ch to grow better, improve.
Ha- to direct, guide.
Ha- -ch to take some direction (e.g. home).
0- to set right, arrange (e.g. clothes or
hair) ; set, mount.
0- -ch to make oneself tidy.
ot- to despatch, forward; perform, fulfil
(a duty).
ot- -ch to set out, depart,
nepe- to pass, convey or ferry over,
nepe- -oh to cross (river).
no- to mend, repair; put in order improve, ;
correct.
no- -ch to recover health,

npn- to season, spice,
pac- to smooth out stretch; (limbs),
pac- -ch to settle accounts with opponents ; get
the best of one's enemies,
c- to celebrate.
c- -ch to inquire (after health), make in-
quiries ; manage do master.
; ;
y- to conquer difficulties ; master.

y- o to govern, rule, administer, conduct;
steer.
Note. —The Infinitive npaBJiHBaTL is not used with Prefixes.

65. IIPOCtfTb
(to ask).
tj .
j-r
v As Infinitive obsolete.
*bo- to ask, interrogate (elevated style).

bbi- to entreat; try to obtain; obtain by
asking.
flO- to question ; examine (in legal sense).
3a- to ask for information ; overcharge.

hc- to solicit; obtain by entreaties; beg
(favour).
Ha- -ch to offer oneself, invite oneself; intrude,

o- to question, interrogate all concerned.
ot- -ch to ask or obtain leave; beg off.
npec- to ask over again.

no- a to ask or entreat a little ; beg, pray,
c- to ask, demand, beg, require; inquire
for.
c- -ch to beg permission.
y- to entreat, beseech; obtain by asking.
* c takes the form BonpainaTb in this case.

66. ntfCTMTb
(to let).
b riycTHTb In all forms denotes completed action.
c EiycKaTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
b- to let in; admit; inject.

bh- to let out, let go, let loose ; release ;
leave out, omit; publish; (npoBb-)

bleed (e.g. a person).
AO- to admit ;
give access to ; allow.
3a- to drive in (claws); neglect; let grow (e.g.
beard); throw violently (e.g. stones).
hc- to let out, emit, exhale; heave (sighs);
(jryxT>) give up the ghost, breathe one's
last breath.
Ha- to let in; set on; let loose; (cTpaxt)
frighten; (Ha ce6fl BanmocTb) put on
airs ;
(BO^ry) fill from a tap.
Ha- -en to attack ; reprimand,
o- to omit, let down, lower; drop; let fall;
slacken, relax (pyKH) lose courage.
;
ot- to let go; send away, dismiss; remit,

pardon (sins); give (leave); slacken (a
rope); hand over (goods bought),
nepe- to let go across or too much ; exaggerate,
no- to let pass (through leniency), allow,
permit,
nofl- to allow to approach; admit; bring in
something in speaking (so as to annoy).
npn- to give one the reins.
npo- to let through, let pass; leave out, omit;
miss; filter,
pac- to let go, dismiss unfurl, spread dissolve
; ;
undo; circulate (rumours),

c- to lower; let off, let loose; launch (ship);
drop (stitch) strike (colours) overlook,
; ;
pardon.
y- to let escape, let slip miss ; ; neglect ;
(h3t>
BHjry) lose sight of.
Note. —ITymaTb is a corrupt form of nycKaTb, used popularly.

67. n-BTb
(to sing, crow).
„« As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c II'&B&Tb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
HO- to sing out sing to an end

; ; finish sing-
ing or crowing.
3a- to strike up start crowing set the tune
; ;
intone.
Ha- to sing or crow; hum, trill.
ot- to perform the funeral service.

nepe- to sing or crow over again ; sing all.
no- to sing or crow a little or sometimes.

no A- to sing with; accompany with the
voice; (fig.) act as chorus to someone.
npo- to sing a song through; finish singing
or crowing.
pac- to sing in a merry manner warble. ;
pac- -oh a to sing much; sing for joy; sing heartily;

crow lustily.
c- a to sing a song through; get into good

voice.
c- -ch a to set one's voice in accord; agree to

tell the same tale; rehearse for a
vocal concert.
68. PABOTATb
(to work).
p - As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

p -, As Infinitive obsolete.
bu- to work out; finish, perfect; earn by

working.
30- to finish a work; finish working.
3a- to work; earn.
3a- -ch to work too long.
Ha- to work, make, earn by work or labour.

Ha- -ch to overwork oneself.
06- to cultivate; plough; elaborate, finish.
ot- to finish one's work; put last touches
to anything; clear off a debt by
working,
nepe- to work or do over again; work up,
elaborate.
no- a to work a little or enough,
npn- to supplement.
npo- to work through or out ; work for some
time.
pa3- to work out develop.
;
c- to work to the end, finish one's work.

7
69. PACTM
(to grow ; cultivate).
a PacTii I As Infinitives denote uncompleted action.

^PocTHTb ) With Prefixes denote completed action.
c PacTaTb ) As Infinitives obsolete.
1
c PamiiBaTb With Prefixes denote uncompleted action.
)
B- a c to grow in.
B3- a 1 c 1 to grow.
B03- a c to grow increase. ;
BH- a c to grow up advance in growth ;
outgrow (clothes).
BH- a1 c
1
to grow something, to bring up
(e.g. a child).
A0- a c to grow up to ; attain a certain
growth.
aa- a to be overgrown (e.g. by grass or
hair).
Ha- a c to grow on or upon ; increase,
accumulate.
Ha- a1 c1 to grow something.
06- a c to be overgrown.
OT- a a1 c
1
to grow (e.g. beard).
nepe- a to grow taller than someone else.
no- a to grow over with; be covered

with.
npn- a c to grow to; adhere; accrue.
npo- a c to grow through shoot, sprout, ;
germinate.
npoH3- a c to grow; sprout; spring.
pa3-
-CH
I
a c
Uo spread in growing grow thick.
;
c- _ I a c to spread.
CH
c- a c to grow together.
1 1
c- a c to join by growth.
70. PO^MTb
(to beget).
p As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

With Prefixes denotes completed action,
.
^ As Infinitive obsolete.
B03- -CH to reproduce; regenerate, revive.
BH- -Cfl to degenerate; debase.
3a- -CH to be born; come into life or existence

(also fig.),
Ha- to give birth to, produce,
na- -CH to spring up come

; to life,
:epe- -CH to be born again; revive; be trans-

formed.
no- a to give birth to; breed; produce.
y- a to produce, bring forth.

y- -Cfl
Cfl a to grow well, thrive.
* Often written pa>KftaTb.

ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS IQI
71. PVEflTb . . , ...
(to chop, hem).
p - , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

cPySaTb | As Infinitives obsolete.
^P^JiHBaTb With Prefixes denote uncompleted action.

j
(The Prefixes may be used with both a and c unless otherwise

indicated.)
b- to hew one's way into.

bh- to chop, hew or cut out ; cut down ; fell.
30- to finish chopping or hewing; finish

hemming.
3a- a to mark with an axe notch ; ; fell some-
thing with axe or sword; (Ha
Hocy) to mark someone's words.
H3- a to cut to pieces; mince, hash.
Ha- to chop, cut, notch.
06- to cut round, prune ; hem.
ot- to chop off; hew down,
nepe- to chop or cat in two.
noA- to cut from below ; hem.
npo- to chop or break through; cut asunder;
cut to the bone,
npo- -ca to cut one's way through.
pa3- to cut in pieces or asunder; cut knot
(also fig.),
c- hew down; fell; lop off;

tojchop, cut or
put upjwoodwork (e.g. of a^cottage).
72. P-fe3ATb
(to cut).
pf As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

p v As Infinitive obsolete.
b- -ch (bt* naMHTb) to be engraved on the

memory.
B3- to cut open; dissect.
bh- to cut out ; carve, engrave ; slaughter.
ro- to finish cutting.
3a- to slaughter, cut the throat of.
H3- to cut into pieces.

Ha- to cut on or upon cut up, chop, notch,
;
carve.
06- to cut round or off; cut short.
06- a to circumcise.
ot- to cut away or off; cut off a way;
amputate,
nepe- to cut in two; cut across, intersect;
intercept.
nepe- a to slaughter ; kill all.
no- to cut (e.g. a finger).

noR- to cut from underneath ; prune.
npo- to cut through; slit, lance; cut a way
through.
pa3- to cut asunder or in pieces; slash;
carve (meat) split,
;
c- to cut off or away cut some one short

;
" shut up " someone,
c- -ch to fail (inan examination),

y- to cut off or away; curtail (income);
shorten by cutting away.
73. CAfttfTbCfl
(to seat oneself).
Aslnfinitive denotes uncompleted

a n F action.
CaflHTbCH
,
XT
Not used with
......
Prefixes.
b OfecTb In all forms denotes completed action.
c Ca>KHBaTBCH| As Infinitives obsolete.

1
c Cbft&Th j With Prefixes denote uncompleted action.
nepe- 5 c to change one's place change carriages

;
on railway,
nofl- b c to sit down near someone, having
moved nearer from another place,

npn- b c to sit down for a short while,
nppi- c
l
to squat down curtsey.
;
y- -ch b c to sit down comfortably or for a while.
Note. —CaflHTB, ca>naTb, " to set," "plant," is a distinct verb.

74. CMft-feTb
(to sit).
r ± As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c CummBBTh
bh- to sit out (a given time) hatch (nofl- ;

;
apecTOMt) to remain under arrest.

Ha- -ch a to have had enough of sitting.
ot- to sit out (a given time); cramp (by

sitting); obtain a result (by sitting),
nepe- to sit longer than someone else or over
a given time.
no;n;- to spy upon ; lie in wait for.
npo- to sit awhile ; sit or remain up wear out

;
(a chair).
y- to remain seated remain long (in a place

;
or post) ;
persevere.
75. GKA3ATL
(to tell, say).
„ As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c CKa3HBaTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
bh- to tell, tell out ;

give one's opinion.
;n;o- to tell all out ; tell to the end ; finish talking.
Ha- =HaroBopHTB.
nepe- to tell over again, repeat,
nofl- to prompt (e.g. school children each other),
npeft- to foretell, predict, prophesy.
npn- to add in telling (folk-lore).
pa3- to tell (story); relate, recount.

ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS IO7
76. CJiyjKtfTB
(to serve),

r ^ ,

otherwise indicated,)
bh- to serve out a certain time; gain by

service (e.g. a pension).
bh- -ch to advance in service ;
gain by flattery.
#0- to attain ; rise to the rank of.
aa- to merit; be worth; earn.

ot- to serve out; serve one's time; requite,
return obligation; finish (e.g. church
service).
ho- to serve a little or for some time; be of
service,
no a- -Cfl to try to gain favour; insinuate oneself;
be subservient,
npn- c to serve, attend, wait on.
npn- -ch c to be subservient or cringing.
npo- to serve for a certain time,
co- to do a service to.
y- to serve, be of service; do a good turn
to, oblige.
77. CJiyfflATb
(to listen ; -ch, to obey).
As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action

a CjiyinaTb
r As Infinitive obsolete.
, With Prefixes denotes uncompleted action.
b- -ch to give ear to ; listen with attention be ;
attentive.
bbi- to listen to; hear out.
ftO- to listen to the end.
3a- to hear a case in court.
3a- -ch to forget oneself in listening listen with ;
delight.
Ha- -ch a to have heard enough listen to gossip ;
get tired of listening listen enough to

;
talk,
o- -ch to disobey, be undutiful.
ot- a to hear out (e.g. service in church),
nepe- to hear over again ; listen for the second
time; hear all.
no- a to hear a little; hearken; listen to.
no- -ch a to attend to ; follow advice ; obey,

noft- to eavesdrop; spy.
npn- -ch to lend an ear; listen keenly to (e.g. a
sound at a distance) accustom one's ;
ear to.
npo- to hear out to the end (e.g. lessons).
ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS IO9
78. CJIbiniATb
(to hear) ; a (to hear) [news].
As Infinitives denote uncompleted action.

a CjiHUiaTb V
^GjJNxaTbJ With Prefixes denote completed action.
c QiHXHBaTb
with Prefixes denotes uncompleted action.
£0- a to hear to the end; hear out; hear

properly.
Ha- -ch a to have heard enough; get tired of

hearing ; hear what people say.
0- -en a to hear wrongly,
ripo- a to hear a distant rumour; learn by
hearsay.
pa3- a to hear distinctly.
y- a a 1 to hear ; hear hearsay.

no ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS
79. CJTBftOBATb
(to follow).
As Infinitive denotes uncompleted

action.
a CjrfeflOBaTb
With Prefixes denotes, as a rule,
completed action.
c CjrfcAOBHBaTb With Prefixes denotes uncompleted
action.
BH- a c to investigate (legally).
H3- a c to investigate ; explore ; examine.

*Ha- a c to get an inheritance.
06- a to track ; investigate a case.
no- a to follow one thing after another.
*npe- a to pursue, track ; run after persecute sue.

; ;
npo- a to pass through or by (official style).
pa3- a c to examine ; make inquiries.
y- a c to inherit, accede to.
* Exceptions, denoting uncompleted action. Cjrkjr*rn>, <<

to
trace," is a distinct verb.
ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS III
80. CMOTP-feTb
(to look).
r * As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

"
r
. As Infinitive obsolete.
b- -ch to look closely into; examine; observe.
bh- to be on the look-out for; observe;

discover.
,n;o- to see to the end; keep an eye on

things; inspect; guard; keep (e.g.
in order).
3a- -ch to have pleasure in looking at.
Ha- -ch to see enough to know.

o- to inspect; take an all-round view;
search.
nepe- to look over; review; re-examine;

revise.
nepe- a to look.
no- c to look now and then.
noA- to look after; spy; watch,
ripely- to foresee; provide against difficulties,

npn- to look after; give an eye to; watch.
npM- -ch to contemplate ; have enough of
looking.
npo- to look through or over; examine;

overlook (miss).
pa3- to see well; contemplate; consider;
examine.
y- to perceive; discern.
81. CTABflTb
(to set in a place).

a CTaBHTb
c GraBJiHTB In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
b- to put or set in, insert ; interpolate.

Bbi- to set or put out ; expose, exhibit
turn out.
^;o- to furnish with something; deliver
(e.g. goods, letter); help to; give
(e.g. information, pleasure).
3a- to compel, oblige, coerce; put in the

way; screen; block up; barricade.
Ha- to set, place; piece, lengthen, patch;
instruct, tutor, initiate; put in
quantities.
Haft- to eke out ;
put to lengthen.
;
o- to give up; let alone; forsake; leave.

06- to set, put, place or post round ;
furnish (e.g. house); decorate.

ot- to put back, out or from; discharge;
dismiss.
nepe- to remove, displace; set in another
place; transpose (words),
no- a to set, put, place ; station (e.g.
soldiers); set up, erect; impute,
no- c cater for; supply with.
8
ii 4 ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS
nofl- to put under; put in the place of.
npeft- to perform, represent, act, set before;

produce, furnish (proofs).
npeA- -ch to simulate.
npe;n;o- to leave to ;
put at the disposal of.
npn- to set to (e.g. chair to wall); appoint

(e.g. tutor to boy).
pa3- to set, put or post at various places

or at intervals; quarter; widen,
co- to set down; put off or down; set
together; compose; form,
cono- to compare; confront.
y- to set in order.
y- -ch to fix one's eyes on.
Note. —The Infinitive CTaBJiHBaTB is not used with Prefixes.

82. CTAHOBflTb
(to place) ; a (-ch, to become).
As Infinitive denotes uncompleted

. action.
p
With Prefixes denotes completed
action.
As Infinitives obsolete.
c OraHOBJiHTL
* CTaHaBJiHBaTB
W^? refixes denote uncom P leted
n
action.
B03- to re-establish, restore; reinstate; recover

(health),
aa- =r3acTaBHTb.
0- a c to stop, stay, arrest; stanch; pull in (horse);
suspend; delay; interrupt, hinder.
no- to state; ordain, fix; establish; lay down;
stipulate.
pa3- c to set or put asunder or at intervals.

y- ac to fix, decree; place, dispose, arrange; put,
set; adjust.
Il6 ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS
83. CTATb
(to take one's stand ; -ch, to become, happen).
~ As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

a ( TflTT*
c OaBaTb
( The Prefixes may be used with each form of this Infinitive unless
b- to get up, rise; rise (sun).

B03- to rise or protest against; revolt.
^0- to get, procure, obtain; reach, attain;
suffice (imp.).
30- -ch to fall to one's share; come in for (e.g.
scolding).
3a- to find, meet with take by ; surprise.
Ha- to approach, come (imp.).
0- -ch to remain behind, stay.
ot- to remain behind; straggle; leave off;
lose time (of a watch),
nepe- to leave off, discontinue, cease,
npejj- a to appear, come before, present oneself
(in ecclesiastical sense) be forth-
;
coming (imp.),
npn- to come up to land adhere side with
; ; ;
take the part of; ply (with requests);

become, suit (imp.).
npiiB- a to raise oneself a little.
pa3- -ch to part, separate, take leave.

y- to get tired ; be weary.
84. CTOJiTb
(to stand).
r . As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c OranBaTb
bh- to stand out for a certain time (e.g.

while hearing mass) ; withstand.
bh- -ch to gain by standing (e.g. wine).
,n;o- to stand or stay to the end.
3a- -ch to stand or remain too long; grow
vapid; stagnate, fade.
Ha- to infuse, steep, brew; insist on;
persist.
06- to go, get on (imp., e.g. that's how
it goes).
ot- to defend something or someone;
save; dispute (every inch).
ot- -ch to clear of sediment by settling.
nepe- to stand too long, weary of standing,
nepe- -ch to be spoiledby being kept (^.g. wine).
no- a to stay, stand,
npeft- a to stand before (imp.); impend, be
imminent be on the point or eve
;
of.
npo- to stand for some time.

nporHBo- to resist, oppose oneself; stand
against.
Il8 ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS
co- a to consist in or of; be made of;
composed of.
co- -ch to take place ; be arranged.

y- a to stand out, resist, withstand,
y- -ch to settle (wine or beer); form a
scum; form cream (on standing
milk).
ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS II9
85. CTPOMTb.
(to build ; time).
p , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action

^ ,, , As Infinitive obsolete.
other wise indicated.)
BM- to build; set up; draw up (e.g. soldiers

in line).
A0- to finish building or tuning,

aa- to cover with buildings; conceal by
buildings.
11a- to tune; incite, urge, build (on a large

scale).
HaA- to add (e.g. a storey).

06- to build round or over.
ot- to build up ; finish building.
nepe- to rebuild, reconstruct; make altera-

tions (in a building) ; tune over again.
no- a to construct, build, erect; form; draw
up.
noA- to incite; intrigue; bring about (e.g.
mischief),
npn- to add to (a building); establish;

provide.
pa3- to put an instrument out of tune; set
at variance; make mischief; discom-
pose; frustrate; impair (health).
y- to set in order ; arrange, dispose settle
;
organize; regulate.
y- -ch to settle down ;

gain a footing.
86. CTP-BJIfiTb
{to shoot).
a C rp fejiaTb As
r r
Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.
a Grp'fejiHTB As Infinitive obsolete.
1
6 CTp-kriBHyTb In all forms denotes completed action.
r ± As Infinitive obsolete.
(The Prefixes to be used as indicated by the lettering)
bli- a1 b c to shoot, fire.
ro- a b c to shoot up to.
3a- a 1 to shoot to death; kill with a gun.

Ha- a c to shoot or kill a quantity (game).
06- a c to cannonade ; bombard (with
guns).
ot- -ch a c to defend oneself by firing,
nepe- a c to shoot or kill all; use up (cart-

ridges),
nepe- -en c to fire at one another,
no- a c to use a gun for some time.
no,n;- a1 b c to wound by a shot,
npn- a 1 to kill outright; kill all (game),
npo- a1 b c to shoot through ;
pierce with a
bullet.
pa3- a a1 c to shoot or fire away ; exhaust
(ammunition) pierce ;
with
bullets; execute (by shooting).
87. CTyntfTb
(to tread ; step).

c OrynaTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
b- to step in; march in; come into action;

enter; make alliance; (bt> 6paKi>) con-
tract marriage.
b- -ch to take a person's part; defend; protect.
bbi- to step or march out; exceed (limits);
overflow; project; (na djeirfc) to appear
on the stage, to act.
3a- (flopory) to obstruct the way.
3a- -ch to take the part of ; intercede for ; defend.
Ha- to tread or advance upon; come (of time,
imp.).
o- -ch to make a false step, stumble.
06- to surround.
ot- to step aside or back ; retreat ; withdraw.
ot- -ch to renounce.
nepe- to tread or step over walk step by step ;
overstep (threshold); transgress.

no- to act, behave, enter upon (e.g. service).
no- -ch to give up; resign.

noa- to step or come up to; approach.
npe- to pass or go over; infringe; violate;

transgress.
npii- to proceed to; to begin (e.g. work); press

(fig.) ; importune.
pa3- -ch to give way make room
; ; open, part, split.
y- to give up, give way, yield; concede;

resign; abate (price).
88. CHHTATb
(to count).

p
,
P As Infinitive obsolete.
c OiHTHBaTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.

BBI- to subtract.
BH- to reckon out.
flO- to finish counting.
3a- to put on an account.
3a- to reckon up (fig.).
Ha- to sum up.

06- to cheat in counting.
nepe- to count over again.
no- to measure one's strength with.
no- -ch to count.
npn- to add to an account wrongly add interest ;
to capital.
npo- to read through.
pa3- to calculate; reckon; count.
pa3- to pay off or dismiss someone.
pa3- -ch to pay off creditors; obtain satisfaction;
settle accounts.
co- to count or reckon up ; calculate.
c- -ch to settle accounts.
y- to discount.
y- not to pay fully what is due,
89. TAGKATb
(to draw) ; a (drag about).
a TacKaTb| As Infinitives denote uncompleted action.

a 1 TanpiTb j With Prefixes denote completed action.
T As Infinitive obsolete.
b- a1 c to draw or pull in, on, or up.

bh- a1 c to draw or pull out; fetch out;
pick a pocket ; rob.
;n;o- a c to finish off by dragging.
,n;o- a1 c to draw or drag along to.
3a- a c to wear out, bedraggle.
3a- a1 c to drag away, in or about; draw
astray.
hc- a c to wear out.
hc- -ch a c to undermine one's health by
dissipation.
Ha- a a1 c to bring much heap up train dog
; ;
(for chase); teach by beating as

a punishment (slang).
ot- a (3a bojioch) to pull the hair (as
punishment, pop.).
ot- a1 c to draw away or back; trail off;
pull aside,
nepe- a to steal all.
nepe- a c to draw over carry from one place

;
to another,
no- a to draw, drag or pull a little,
no- a1 to begin dragging.

nOBH- a to drag out little by little; steal
little by little,
noji;- a1 o to drag or trail under or up to.
npn- a1 c to drag or trail to ; bring along.

npn- -ch a1 c to drag oneself with difficulty
towards some point,
npo- a a1 c to draw, drag or haul through or
about,
npo- -ch a a1 c to drag oneself away or through
with difficulty.
pac- a a1 c to drag or drive asunder part ;
steal,
c- a1 c to draw, drag or pull off or down;
steal.
y- a1 c to carry or bear off or away;

snatch; steal.
90, TBOPtfTb
(to make, do).
rp , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

T ^
,
3a- to shut, shut up, close.
Ha- a to do, make much; cause or occasion

(mischief).
npn- to shut to, close.

npn- -ch to feign, dissemble, simulate.
pac- to open (e.g. door or window); unclose;
dissolve; temper (lime); beat up
(mortar).
co- a to create.
91. TEPETb
(to rub).

T ,
*
As Infinitive'obsolete.
c TMpaTL
B- to rub in.
B- -Cfl c (ohkh) take someone in.
B- -CH to push one's way into,

BLI- to wipe or rub out; drive out.
AO- to finish rubbing, wiping or grating,
3a- to rub, rub over or in; squeeze in; put
someone into the shade.
hc- to grind, crush, triturate; wear away
by rubbing.
Ha- to rub on, upon, or in; scrub; fray,
chafe, gall; grind (colours); grate,
rasp; polish.
06- to rub or wipe round; rub over; scrub.
ot- to rub or wipe away or off; push back
(fig.); displace.
nepe- to rub or wipe over again ; fray, scour.

no- to rub a little ; rub one's hands.
no;n;- to wipe up; clean,
npn- to rub, scrub; rouge,
npo- to rub or scrub through ; make holes by
rubbing open (eyes on waking);
(rjiaaa AeHLraivn>) squander (money)
rub through sieve; mash (potatoes).
npo- -en to force one's way.
pac- to rub small; triturate.
c- to rub off; wipe away; crush; clean by
rubbing; annihilate.
c- c to wash (laundry).
y- to rub or wipe away; dry (tears);
(iioct>) snub.
92. TEHb
(to flow).

T
c TenaTb
b- to flow or fall in; discharge itself

(river).
Bbi- to flow, run or leak out; result, ensue.
#0- to flow to orup to.
3a- to become numb (e.g. a limb).
hc- to flow or stream out die from loss of ;
blood; elapse, expire (of time).

Ha- to flow, run into.
0- to gutter; swell (e.g. in dropsy).
06- to flow round; wash, bathe (shore),
nepe- to flow or run across ; overflow,
no- a to flow, run or leak,
nop;- to flow under.
npn- to flow or run to or into ;
pour in.
npo- to flow, run, sink or pass through;

leak; elapse (of time),
nponc- to flow from ; emanate,
pac- to spread.
pac- -ca to divide into streams; run; spread;
be spilt (of liquids).
ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS I3I
c- to flow, run or trickle off trickle down,

;
c- -ch to flow together; join (of rivers);

crowd; gather, accumulate,
y- a to flow away ; run out leak run away,
; ;
escape (not used of persons).

93. TOJIKATb
(to push, shove).
ry As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

b ToJiKHyTb In all forms denotes completed action.
c TajiKHBaTb
{The Prefixes may be used with eachform of this Infinitive unless
b- to push or shove in.
bh- to push or jostle out.
AO- to push out ; finish pushing.

3a- to push about in a crowd; persecute.
Ha- b to suggest (e.g. an idea).
Ha- -ch b c to meet with someone; jostle against.

ot- b c to push or jostle away .or back;
thrust aside; spurn; push hard;
repel.
ot- -ch b c to remove by pushing ; shove off (e.g.

boat from shore).
nepe- a to push or shove many.
no- -ch a to remain for some time in a crowded
place.
nOA- c to shove gently or a little.
npn- -ch b to find refuge.
npo- to jostle through force a

;• way through.
pac- to push asunder, disperse; elbow
one's way.
b c to push down or away ; cause someone
to be dismissed.
-ch (hocb Kb Hocy) to meet face to
face; come into collision; run foul
of.
94. TOPrOBATL
(to trade) ; a (-ch, to bargain).
rp , Aslnfinitive denotes uncompleted action.

cToproBHBaTb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.
BBI- to gain by trade ; haggle.
aa- a to begin to trade.

Ha- to gain by trade.
nepe- to outbid.
no- to trade a little.
npn- to gain by trade bargain

; for.
npn- -Cfl to ask the price of.
npo- to trade for some time; lose in trading.
npo- -Cfl to ruin oneself by trade.
pac- -Cfl to extend one's trade; thrive; enrich

oneself by trade
95. TflHtfTB
(to draw).
rp , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c TnrHBaTb
b- to draw or drag (also fig.).

bh- to draw or pull out; stretch out;
deploy (?khjth) worry by insisting.
;
R0- to draw, pull or stretch up to; spin

out; make something last out.
3a- to draw close; straiten; skin over;

(wound); cover over; tighten (e.g.
noose); delay; strike up (tune).
Ha- to draw or pull on or over; strain,
stretch ; string (a bow) screw up.
;
06- to pull straight; cover.

ot- to draw away, off or out; put off (fig.),
nepe- to stretch again; outweigh; over-

balance; win over; excel (in strength).
no- to pull, draw, haul or stretch a little;
pull at sip. ;
nOA- to pull tighter; take in hand; keep

tight hold of; join in singing.
noA- -ch to pull oneself together,
npn- to draw or haul to; draw near; attract,
npo- to stretch or reach out or over; spin
out; protract; drawl.
pac- to pull or draw out; drawl; stretch,
extend; amplify; lay along ground,
pac- -ch to lie at full length.
c- to draw together; pull tight; close;
bring forces to a certain place,
c- a to steal.
ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS I37
96. YHWTh
(to teach; -ch to learn).
XT , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c yâTb I As Infinitives obsolete.
c
1
yHHBaTbJ With Prefixes denote uncompleted action.
{The Prefixes to be used according to the lettering.)
1
BH- a c to teach, train; learn, get by heart.
1
BLI- -CH a c to learn.
1
«o- a c to finish teaching, training or
learning.
1
3a- a c to learn by heart; learn through.
H3- a c to study.
Ha- a c to teach ; initiate into.
Ha- -Cfl a c to learn.

06- a c to teach, train.
OT- ace 1
to teach to forget; break someone
of (a bad habit) wean. ;
OT- -CH to disaccustom oneself; lose habit

of.
1
nepe- a c to learn over again.
nepe- -CH to overwork.
no- a to teach a little.
no- a c to instruct.
1
no- a c to teach by thrashing (e.g. a wife,
pop.).
no- a c to preach.
I38 ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS
npi- ace 1
to accustom to ; inure to.
npo- a c to teach a lesson (fig.) learn for
;
some time; lecture someone.

1
pa3- a c to learn; rehearse (e.g music).
1
pa3- -Cfl a c to unlearn; forget.
97. XBATflTb
(to seize),
y. , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

c XBaTaTb Aslnfinitive denotes uncompleted action.
c^XB&THBaTB As Infinitive obsolete.
1
bh- a c to snatch out.
3a- a c 1 to catch, seize, grasp snap up
;
take possession of; occupy;

take by force overtake surprise
; ;
to have one's breath taken away

3a- c to soil by using.
Ha- ace 1
to seize or lay hold of in quantities
get by plunder.
1
Ha- -ch a c get a smattering of.
06- to clasp, embrace (also fig.); seize;

catch,
nepe- a c
1
to stop on the way ; intercept,
arrest; seize again; borrow for a.
short time.
nepe- c to seize every single one (e.g. of a
gang); (KyconeKt) take a snack,
no- c to seize or catch hold of some (e.g.
of a gang).
npn- a c
l
to take away with one.
1
npo- a c to be seized or penetrated by cold,
pac- ace1 to take away quickly, snatch

carry or sweep off quickly (e.g.
goods) buy off quickly,

;
c- a c
x
to catch or seize by the hand,
grasp ; catch (an illness or a
likeness)
y- -ch a c 1 to cling to ; have recourse to.
For XOftHTb see MftTH, p. 47.

ONE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS I41
98. HMTATb
(to read).
a HwidiTh) As Infinitives denote uncompleted action.

a 1TIecTb j With Prefixes denote completed action.
„ . As Infinitive obsolete.
(The Prefixes may be used with a and c unless otherwise indicated.)
bm- to read learn

; by reading.
bh- a a 1 c to subtract, deduct.
^0- to read something to the end or to a
certain place.
3a- by reading borrow

to tire ; (a book)
and not return it.
3a- -ch to lose count of time while reading.
nepe- to read over again ; read all.
no- to read a little.
npH- to lament.
npo- to read through or over; read a
book from beginning to end;
finish reading.
y- a1 c to discount (bill); take into con-

sideration.
99. BCTL
(to eat).

c 'BftaTb
{The Prefixes may be used with each form of this Infinitive unless
B- -CH to gnaw, corrode.
BBT*- -Cfl to fall on tooth and nail; boil over (e.g.
with anger).
BH- to eat all; gnaw, corrode.
AO- to eat up ; finish eating.
3a- to eat to put away disagreeable taste;

worry someone; devour (fig.).
IVd'b- to eat up cover with

; bites ; corrode.
HU- -CH to eat one's fill ; gorge.
o6t>- to eat or gnaw round; eat up; eat out

of house and home; hang on (fig.),
sponge on.
OTB- to eat or gnaw off; finish eating.
OTb- -Cfl to become fat.
to eat all or too much gnaw,

;
corrode.
no- a to have a meal.
no- c to worry someone.
npi- -Cfl to take a dislike to; be " fed up " with.
npo- to corrode,consume; spend on eating;
spend a fortune on eating.
pa3i>- to eat up; corrode; gnaw; waste away.
pa3i>- -ch to eat heartily; grow fat.
cl- to eat up.

144 0NE HUNDRED RUSSIAN VERBS
100. l&flHTb
(to ride, drive).

r
C J>3?KHBaTb
bh- to break in, train (a horse).
;n;o- a to wear out by riding or driving; wear out

(fig-)-
3a- a to weary, tire out ; harass break the wind of a

;
horse.
H3t- to travel over, traverse.

o6t>- to break in (a horse).
no- a to ride, drive, travel often or a little.
ct>- a to go, take a drive ; make a voyage ; slap (face).

101. 'feXATb
(to ride, drive).
r*. As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

,#. As Infinitive obsolete.
bt>- to drive, ride or sail in.

Bu- to drive, ride or go out; come out;
leave a town.
bh- c to come out into society.
AO- to ride up to, arrive; reach, attain.
3a- to go beyond or aside call in driving
;
past;
aa- c to go astray, mistake the way.
Ha- to run, strike or hit on or against when
driving or riding.
Ha- c to frequent some place.
o6i»- to come or go round; make the tour of;
break in (a horse) ; make a d6tour in
driving.
otl- to drive or ride away; set off, depart,
nepe- to pass over; cross; travel through;
remove to another house; run over
someone (when driving).
no- a to go, set off, depart.
hoat>- to come, approach ; drive up insinuate
;
oneself.
10
npi- to come, arrive.
npo- to pass; drive or ride through, by, or
past.
pa3T>- c to drive, ride or go about or round.
orb- to drive or ride away or down remove
;
(from a house).
ci>- -en to come together, assemble, meet.
y- to drive, ride, go or come away; set
out; depart.
BILLING AND SONS LTD., PRINTERS, GUILDFORD, ENGLAND

14 DAY USE
RETURN TO DESK FROM WHICH BORROWED
LOAN DEPT.
This book due on the last date stamped below, or
is
on the date to which renewed.
Renewed books are subject to immediate recall.
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1,000 OF THEIR COMPOUND FORMS

Page 13, line 14, for c read a.

Page 29, line 5-6, insert c before 'TopaTb."

Page 125, line 4, for "TaMHTb " read "Tanprrb."

SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON

BILLING AND SONS, LTD., PRINTERS, GUILDFORD, ENGLAND

Having ascertained its meaning, the student applies it

A more intelligent method is to break up a compound

the rest, pieces them together, and then fondly imagines

glance. Thus, in more ways than one, by using this

As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

b- to beat or drive in ; inculcate.

Ha- to beat, knock or drive on fill in or into;

fill up, cram; print (calico); put up

c- to knock, strike or drive off; knock to-

Kna ^s ^ n ^n ^ ve denotes uncompleted action.

b- c to take, soak or suck up, absorb.

flO- -ca to arrive at ultimately.

seize; get hold of.

npn- to arrange, put in order; set; adorn.

CO- to gather; collect (dues); gather in

y- to take off put away or by remove

house (crops); arrange, trim,

p, , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

b- b c to throw, cast or dart in.

^ S ^ n ^in ^^ ve denotes uncompleted action.

c Bhb&tb In all forms denotes uncompleted action.

Bi>i- to go out, retire; leave (regiment, school, etc.).

flo- to get, obtain, acquire.

npe- c to remain (e.g. in health); " remain" (at end

npn- to come, arrive; increase,

y- to decrease, abate; be on the wane (moon).

pv , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

AO- to run up to, reach.

3a- a (BnepeAi>) run ahead.

noA- to run up to.

npo- a to run through.

R , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

(The Prefixes may be used with each form of this Infinitive.)

b- to drive or bring in (in a vehicle) ; import.

3a- to leave in passing; call in with; convey to a

ot- to drive or convey away or back (e.g. home),

no a- to drive or convey under or up to.

npn- to convey, bring.

pa3- to convey or hawk about; convey several

_> ± As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

nepe- b c to turn over,

no- b c to turn round, veer, tack (ship).

R , As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

derive, prove; hatch; make some-

nepe- lead or conduct over one after

no- a to lead about.

trace; construct (road or railway);

npo- a to escort; cheat.

gate, breed; dilute (a powder, etc.);

c- to lead or bring off or down; bring

As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

a BnA^Tb \ With Prefixes, as a rule, denotes completed

t p> - As Infinitive denotes uncompleted action.

B3- a to perceive, see from afar; (cB^Ta He)

no- -en a to visit, have an interview.

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