SULIT (ENT142) UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS Peperiksaan Semester Kedua Sidang Akademik 2010/2011 9 Mei 2011 ENT 142 ~ Engineering Dynamics [Dinamik Kejuruteraan] Masa: 3 jam OT Please make sure that this question paper has THIRTEEN (13) printed pages including this front page before you start the examination. {Sila pastikan kertas soalan ini mengandungi TIGA BELAS (13) muka surat yang bercetak termasuk muka ‘hadapan sebelum anda memulakan peperiksaan int.] This question paper has two parts, PART A and PART B, Answer ALL questions from PART A and TWO questions from PART B. Each question contributes 20 marks. [Kertas soalan ini mengandungi dua bahagian, BAHAGIAN A dan BAHAGIAN B. Jawab SEMUA soalan daripada BAHAGIAN A dan DUA soalan daripada BAHAGIAN B. Markah bagi tiap-tiap soalan adalah 20 markah,] SULITSULIT (ENTI42) PART A [BAHAGIAN A] Question 1 {Soatan 1] A motorcyclist plans to participate in a motorcycle race. Therefore he wishes to test his ability to ride a motorcycle on a different type of track and ability to stop the motoreycle in case of emergency. At the rest position, = 0 and s = 0. {[Seorang penunggang motorsikal merancang untuk menyertal satu perlumbaan motorskal. Oleh itu, ia bercadang untuk mengyii kemampuannya menunggang motorsikal di atas trek yang berbeca sorta kemampuan memberhentikan motorsikal sekiranya terdapat kecemasan. Pada kedudikan rehet, ¢ = 0 dan s=0} (@) Im his exercise, firstly, he starts from rest and travel in a straight track, such that its speed increase by a = 0.5e' m/s”. Secondly, he starts from rest and travel along a circular track with radius 30 m, with the same increasing speed. For both cases, determine its velocity and acceleration after the motorcycle traveled 18 m. Compare the results above and justify which type of track is better for him to overtake others racer during the race. (Dalam latihannya, pertama, ia bermula daripada keadaan rehat dan bergerak dalam trek lurus, sehingga kelajuannya bertambah dengan a = 0.5e m¢. Kedua, a bermuta daripada keadaan rehat dan bergerak sepanjang trek melengkung dengan jajari 30 m, dengan penambahan kelajuan yang sama. Bagi kedua-dua kes, dapathan kelajuan dan cepatan selepas motorsikal lersebut bergerak 18 1m. Bandingkan keputusan di atas dan kenalpastijenis trek yang baik baginya untuk memotong ‘pelumba lain semasa perlumbaan.J (8 Marks / Markah) (®) Then to test his ability to stop the motorcycle, from rest, the motorcycle accelerates at 10 m/s? for 10s then decelerates at 2 m/s? until its stop. By using an integration method, determine the time ¢ to stop the motorcycle and calculate how far the motorcycle has traveled. [Daripada keadaan rehat, sekiranya motorsikal memecut pada 10 m/s! untuk 10s, kemudian menyahpecut pada 2 m/s’sehingga berhenti. Dengan menggunakan kaedah pengkamilan, tentukan ‘masa untuk motorsikal berhenti dan krakan sejauh mana ia telah bergerak.} (4 Marks / Markah) (©) During his practice, suddenly a cat crossing the road at 1500 m from the start Position and the motorcycle has to stop just before hitting the cat. After the motorcycle reaches 10 s, the motorcyclist has to decide to slowdown his motorcycle with deceleration either 4 m/s? or 5 m/s’. (Semasa latihan tersebul, tiba-tiba seekor kucing melintas jalan pada 1500m daripada tempat ermulaan dan motorsikal tersebut mesti Berhenti sebelum melanggar kucing tersebut. Selepas ‘motorsikal mencapai masa 10s, penunggang mesti membuat keputusan untuk memperlahankan tmotorsikalnya dengan menyahpecul samada 4 m/s atau 5 m/s] 3 SULITSULIT ‘ (ENT142) (@_ For the both decelerations, sketch a-t graph and use the method of area under graph in your calculation to sketch »¢ graph. [Bagi kedua-dua lambatan, lakarkan graf act dan gunakan kaedah luas di bawah graf dalam ‘pengiraan anda untuk melakarkan graft] (2 Marks / Markah) Gi) By calculating and analyzing the results of both decelerations, justify which decision of the motorcyclist will save the cat. [Dengan menghitung dan menganalisis Keputusan bagi kedua-dua lambatan, kenalpasti skeputusan pemunggang yang mana akan menyelamatkan kucing tersebut] (6 Marks / Markah) SULITSULIT (ENT142) Question 2 (Soalan 2] (a) As a consultant, you have an assignment to design an energy-free roller-coaster where it will release from top of a man-made hill. Due to constraint of budget, you have to propose a most suitable height (#) of a man-made hill; therefore the car is able to travel around inside the loop/s without leaving the track. Based on data in Table 1, you have to do analyses on which track (whether one-loop or two- loop track) is save for the roller-coaster. {[Sebagai seorang perunding, anda diberi tugasan untuk merekabentuk roller-coaster bebas- tenaga di mana ia akan di lepaskan daripada puncak bukit buatan mamusia. Disebabkan skekangan bajet, anda perlu mencadangkan ketinggian bukit buatan (h) yang paling sesuat: oleh itu Kereta tersebut mampu bergerak mengelilingi dalam kitaran tanpa meninggalkan trek Berdasarkan data dalam Jadual 1, anda perlu melakukan analisis trek yang mana (samada trek ‘satu kitaran atau dua kitaran) yang selamat bagi roller-coaster tersebut,} Table 1 [Jadwal 1] Design of track | One-loop track ‘Two-loop track Radius of curvature (p) 13m ‘TO mand 7 m, respectively _| ‘Mass of the car (m) B00 kg | 800 kg Highest point of track Point A | Point B and C, respectively | (i) Mlustrate the both designs of roller-coaster track. Show clearly the radius of curvature (p), height of the man-made hill (h) and highest point in each tracks loop/s. {[lustrasikan rekabentuk kedua-dua trek roller-coaster. Tunjukkan dengan jelas jejari Tengkung (p), ketinggian puncak bukit buatan (h) dan tik tertinggi bagi setiap kitaran trek.) (4 Marks / Markah) (ii) For the two-loop track, justify the minimum height (4) of the hill so that the car travels around inside loop without leaving the track. Analyze on what is the normal reaction on the car when the car at B and C? (Bagi trek dua kitaran, justitkasikan ketinggian minimum bukit (h), supaya kereta tersebut ‘mengelilingi dalam kitaran tanpa meninggatkan trek. Analisiss apakah tindakbalas normal ke atas kereta bila kereta berada pada ttik B dan C?] (4 Marks / Markah) (ii) For the minimum height, h of the hill in (ii) above, calculate the normal reaction when the car at A of the one-loop tracks? By comparing the normal reaction for both cases, propose the best design of roller-coaster track and justify your answer. [Bagi ketinggian minimum, h bagi bukit dalam (i) datas, Kirakan tindakbalas normal bagi kereta pada titik A trek satu kitaran? Secara membandingkan keputusan dalam (ii) dan (iii), rekabentuk yang mana cadangan anda. Komen jawapan tersebut.] (6 Marks / Markah)SULIT (ENT142) + (b) The ball of mass m is given a speed of v4 = /3gF at position A as shown in Figure 1. When it reaches B, the cord hits the small peg P, after which the ball describes a smaller circular path. If x = %r, calculate the speed of the ball and the tension in the cord when it is at the highest point C. Propose and justify the change of x-parameter that can be made if the tension need to be reduced. [Bebola berjsim m diberikan kelaluan v4 = [397 pada Kedudukan A sebagaimana Gambarajah 1. Apabila ia mencapai B, tali penggantung melanggar penyokong P, selepas itu ebola tersebut membentuk laluam bergarispusat kecll. Sekiranya x = Jr, kirakan kelajuan bebola dan tegangan dalam tali penggantung bila ia berada di titik tertinggi C. Cadang. dan Jjustfkasikan perubahan bagi parameter-x yang boleh dilakukan sekiranya tegangan perlu dikuranghan } (6 Marks / Markah) Figure 1 [Gambarajah 1] SULITSULIT (ENT142) Question 3 (Soalan 3] (a) A rigid pile with mass 800 kg as shown in Figure 2 is driven into the ground using a hammer with mass 300 kg. The hammer falls from rest at a height y= 0.5 m and strikes the top of the pile, {[Sebatang pile tegar dengan jisim my sebagaimana ditunjukkan dalam Gambarajah 2, dikentak ‘masuk kedalam tanah menggunakan penukul berjsim my. Penukul tersebut jatuh' daripada sedudukan rehat pada ketinggian y dan menghentam permukaan atas pile) (® Determine the impulse which the pile exerts on the hammer if the pile is surrounded entirely by loose sand so that after striking, the hammer does not rebound off the pile. If the coefficient of restitution between the hammer and the pile is e = 0./, calculate the initial speed of the pile just after it is struck by the hammer. [Pastikan denyutan dimana cerucuk dihentam oleh penukul sekiranya cerucuk dikelilingi sepenuhnya oleh pasir lerai supaya selepas hentaman, penukul tidak memantul daripada ‘erucuk tersebut. Sekiranya anghali restitution di antara penukul dan cerucuk adalah e = 0.1, Airakan kelajuan awal cerucuk selepas sahaja fa dikentam oleh penuul.] (6 Marks / Markah) ii) Analyze the distance the pile is driven into the sand after one blow if the sand offers a frictional resistance again the pile of 18 KN. If the contractor wishes to finish the piling job sooner than usual by increasing the distance the pile driven into the sand for each blow, propose the changes of pile or hammer parameter and justify the answer. Analisis jarak cerucuk tertanam ke dalam pasir selepas satu hentakan sekiranya pasir tersebut memberikan rintangan geseran terhadap cerucuk 18 KN. Sekiranya kontraltor bercadang untuk menghabiskan kerja menanam cerucuk lebih awal daripada blasa secara ‘menambah jarak cerucuk tertanam ke dalam pasir bagi setiap hentakan, cadanghan perubahan parameter cerucuk atau penukul dan justifikasikan jawapan anda} (6 Marks / Markah) Figure 2 [Gambarajah 2] wT SULITSULIT (ENT142) (b) The girl as shown in Figure 3 throws a 0.5 kg ball toward the wall with an initial velocity vy = 10 m/s. [Seorang budak perempuan sebagaimana ditunjutkan dalam Gambarajah 3 membeling bola ke dinding dengan kelafuan awl v, = 10 m/s.) (i) Calculate the velocity at which it strikes the wall at B and the velocity at which it rebounds from the wall if the coefficient of restitution e = 0.5. {[Kirakan kelajuan di anna ia menghentam dinding pada B dan kelajuan di mana ta memantul daripada dinding sekiranya angkali restitution e = 0.5.) (4 Marks / Markah) ii) Analyze the distance s from the wall to where it strikes the ground at C. If the parameter of angle changed to 45°, proposed a new parameter of v to get the same distance s from the wall. [Analisis jarak s daripada dinding ke mana ia jatuh ke bumi pada C. Sekiranya parameter sudut berubah ke pada 45°, cadangkan parameter baru bagi V4 untuk mendapatkan jarak s ‘yang sama daripada dinding.) (4 Marks / Markah) Figure 3 [Gambarajah 3} SULITSULIT (ENT142) PARTB ([BAHAGIAN B} Question 4 [Soalan 4] (@) Referring to Figure 4, the handcart has a mass of 200 kg and center of mass at G. By neglecting the mass of the wheels, [Berdasarkan gambarajah 4, gerobak sorong mempunyai jisim 200 kg dan pusatjisim pada G. Dengan mengabaikan jisim roda,] (Calculate the normal reactions at each of the two wheels at A and at B if'a force of P = 100 Nis applied to the handle. [Kira reaksi normal pada setiap dua roda pada A dan Bjika daya P = 100 N dikenakan pada pemegang.] (4 Marks / Markah) (ii) If force P is keep increasing, analyze the normal reactions change at A and B while the cart initially at rest. Justify your answer. Lika daya P terus meningkat, anaisis perubahan reaksi normal pada A dan B sedang gerobak bermula dalam keadaan rehat. Kenalpastijawapan anda.) (6 Marks / Markah) (ii) Determine the largest magnitude of force P that can be applied to the handle just before the wheels (4 or B) loose contact with the ground, {[Tentukan magnitud terbesar daya P yang boleh dikenakan pada pemegang hanya sebelum ‘oda (A atau B) tidak bersentuh dengan tanah,] (2 Marks / Markah) bo3m—-0.2 m4 o4m—4 Figure 4 [Gambarajah 4} oD SULITSULIT (ENT142) 9. (b) At the instant as shown in Figure 5, the 25 kg bar rotates clockwise at 2 rad/s. The spring attached to its end always remains vertical due to the roller guide at C. The spring has an unstretched length of 0.6 m and a stiffness of k = 100 N/m. If the length of the bar is changed either longer or shorter, explain the relation between the length and the angular velocity of the bar the instant it has rotated 30° clockwise. [Pada masa seperti yang ditunjubkan dalam gambarajah 5, 25 kg palang berputar mengikut arah Jam pada 2 rad/s. Pegas yang diletakkan pada hyjung palang sentiasa menegak kerana panduan ;penagolek pada C. Pegas mempunyai panjang asal 0.6 m dan kekukuhan k = 100 N/m. Jika panjang ‘palang diubah samada lebih panjang atau pendek, jelaskan hubungan diantara panjang dan kelajuan sudut bagi palang pada ketika ianya berputar 30° arah jam.) (8 Marks / Markah) Figure 5 [Gambarajah 5} SULITSULIT (ENT142) -10- Question 5 BSoalan 5} (@) Referring to Figure 6, the cable is pulled to the right with a velocity of v and the spool rolls without slipping. ([Berdasarkan gambarajah 6, kabel ditarik ke kanan dengan halaju v dan kili berputar tanpa tergelincir.] (Determine the velocity of the center O and point A on the outer rim of the spool. [Tentukan halaju pusat O dan tik A pada bahagian tuar rim kilt} (6 Marks / Markah) (ii) For this design, predict the requirement of velocity at point A, v4 as a function of v. [Untuk rekabentuk ini, ramalkan keperluan halaju pada ttk A, vq sebagai furgsiv.] (6 Marks / Markah) A Figure 6 [Ganbarajah 6] Postla SULITSULIT (ENT142) oie (b) The 25 kg circular disk is attached to the yoke by means of a smooth axle 4 as shown in Figure 7. Screw C is used to lock the disk to the yoke. The yoke is subjected to a torque of M = (57) Nm, where ¢ is in seconds. By neglecting the mass of the yoke, 25 kg cakera bulatdilekatkan pada kuk melalui paksi halus A seperti dalam gambarajah 7. Skru C digunakan untuk mengunci cakera pada kuk Kuk dikenakan daya kilas M = (SC) Nm, dimana t adalah dalam saat. Dengan mengabaikai sim kuk,] (i) Determine the angular velocity of the yoke when = 3s, starting from rest if the yoke is unlocked. ([Tentukan halaju sudut kuk bila t= 3s, bermula dari rehatjika kuk tidak dikunci,} (4 Marks / Markah) Gi) If the disk is locked, what will happen to the angular velocity of the yoke ‘compared to situation (i). Justify your answer. Lika cakera dikunci, apa yang akan terjadi kepada halaju sudut kuk berbanding di stuasi (i) Kenalpasti jawapan anda} (4 Marks / Markah) Figure 7 [Gambarajah 7) SULITSULIT (ENT142) “2 Question 6 Boalan 6] (a) The 50 kg rectangular door panel is held in the vertical position by rod CB as shown in Figure 8. When the rod is removed, the panel closes due to its own weight. The motion of the panel is controlled by a spring attached to a cable that wraps around the half pulley. To reduce excessive slamming, the door panel’s angular velocity must be set between 0.5 rad/s to 0.7 rad/s at the instant of closure. Propose one suitable stiffness value k of the spring if the spring is unstretched when the panel is in the vertical position. Neglect the half pulley’s mass. [Panel pintu segiempat tepat 50 kg diletakkan dalam keadaan menegak oleh rod CB seperti dalam gambarajah 8. Bila rod itu dibuang, panel itu akan menutup berdasarkan beratnye sendiri Pergerakan panel dikawal oleh pegas yang diletakkan pada kabel yang menyeliput skeliling kapl setengah, Untuk mengurangkan hentaman melampau, halaju sudia panel pinta mest) ditetapkan diantara 0.5 rad!s hingga 0.7 rad’s pada ketka ianya ditutup, Cadangkan satu nilai kekukuhan k egas yang sesuai jika pegas tidak teregang kettha panel berada dalam kedudukan menegak. Abaikanjisim kapi setengah } (10 Marks / Markah) Figure 8 [Gambarajah 8] wee 3/- SULITSULIT (ENT142) 3. (b) The hoop is cast on the rough surface such that it has an angular velocity @ = 4 rad/s and an angular acceleration @ = 5 rad/s’. Also, its center has a velocity vo = 5 m/s and a deceleration ap = 2 m/s’ as shown in Figure 9. {[Gegelang digoethan pada permukaan haar supaya mempunya hala sudo = 4 rads dan pecutan sudut a= 5 rad/s. Juga, pusatnya mempunyal halaju vy = 5 ms dan nyahpecuian {= 2 m/s2 seperti dalam gambarajah 9.) (® Determine the acceleration of point A and point B at this instant. [Tentukan pecutanttikA dan tk B pada keika int} (4 Marks / Markah) Gi) If the radius of the hoop is changed, estimate the relation between radius and acceleration at point A and B. Justify your answer. Lika jejari gegelang itu berubah, anggarkan hubungan diantarajejari dan pecutan pada ttk A dan B. Kenalpastijawapan anda ] (6Marks / Markah) 4 rad/s « = S rad/s? Figure 9 (Ganbarajah 9} -0000000- SULIT