D - 29-B

ENGINE.,0frERATING PRINCIPLE7
UNIT I

NAME
. TEST--

1. Match the termson the right to the correct definitions.

- '4
a. Total space between the piston at its 1,4-- Piston crown
lowest position in the cylinder and the ,,

# bottom of the' cylirider head 2. Power control

, t
b. Total space between the piston at its 3. E i-igine speed
... highest position in the cylinder and the
cylinder head 4. Stroke

c. The .reduction in volume of gases 5. 'BDC

, trapped in the cylinder by the upward
,'- motion of the piston , (Bottom Dead
Center)
%'

d. Ratio of whole cylinder volume to least 6. TDC

cylinder volume (Top Dead Center)

e. !ignition' of the fuel by the heat from 7. Combustion

compression
. . . 8. Pre-combustion
,f, Measure 6f heat intensity chamber
,....:, .

g. Action or operation of burning 9. ?Compression 4

-,
h. Cavity iii the cylinder 1-kai:1 of some 10. Temperature
diesels where some bailing of fuel first .
takes place 11. Compression
. a 0 ignition
i. Piston, at highest point of travel .
12. Compression
.?
i. Pi ton at lowest point of travel ratio
...,
......
, ..,
, k. Distance the Ipiston moves when ..13. Volume
Traveling from TDC to BDC
'1 14. Cycle
4. CrAnkshaft revolutions per minute
i 4'15. Clearance
m. ContrctIling the engiriepSwer lay-varying volume
or governing the amount of fuel injected 2
.
into th combustidi chamber
4.
s tt -
n. SuPface shape of the top 6,f the ....
piston
. t 4..

o. Series off events tl-eat repeat themselves

a ,regular sequence
t
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k. q.

r.

s.

n. t.

0.

P.

3. Match the basic parts on the right to their correct fanctions. (The answers for
"a" thrOugh "I" are on this page.) -

a. Solid casting which includes the 1. Valve lifter

cylinders and water jackets
2. Connecting, rod
b. Holes ir) the cylinder bloCk containing
the piston's 3. Crankshaft.

c. Mocjable plugs open at one end which 4.. Push rods ,

transfer force of explosion to the

connecting rod . 5.- Rocker arm

d. Connecting link between the piston and 6. Timing gear

crankshaft
7. . .4 Cylinders
,
e. Mainshaft of an engine which, turned by .
the connecting rods, changes the 8. Cylinder block
recipiocating Mellon, of the pliston to The
rotary motion in, the power train 9. Cam lobes-

Drives the camshaft or idler_ger 10. Pistons

haft with cam lobes used to Operate the .- 11. Crankshaft. gear
valhs
12. Camsliaft
h. Gear 6y which the camshaft is drivep by
the crankshaft

i. Eccentrics on the camshaft that operate

, the valyees

Rod links that transfer motion from the

lifter to- the rocker arm

k. Transfers motion from push rod to valve

to opec....ye valve

Rides on the camshaft so that the cam

lcibe raises it to operate -the valve

z
L
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32-B

(The 'answers for "m" through "u" are, on. this pegd,)

. Opens avid ellOws ,exhaust gases to be 13. Valves

_

0..
forced from engiqe cylinder -
14. Oil pan.
n. Metal section bolted to the block. to
.close ,orte end of the cylinder, which 15. Flywheel*
usually contains the valves
16. Oil piimp
a
o. Provides pressure that circulates oil ,to
, rotating or reciprocating engine parts
to .minimize friction ,
17. \' Intake
valve

p. Serves as floatirig connecting piece for 18. Cylinder

. ,piston and connecting rod,
head

q. Hollow space in block through which 19. Exhaust '

coolant circulates valve '
r. Reservoir for engine oil ..
20. Cooling
4,4ra'ssageway
s. Permits air to enter the cylinder ';''''''.
21. Wrist pin
-t. Open and close the cylinder to allow air .
to enter or gases to leave the cylinder

p. Attaches to the end of the crankshaft

and provides ,inertiao to carry the
crankshaft around from one firing
impulse to the other

4. Discuss theoperation of the diesel engine.

...

44,

24
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D - 33-B

5. Explain what happens during each stroke of a four stroke cycle engine.

6. Explai basic difference betweenr stroke and four str e engines.

Discuss the; characteristics of two-cycle and four-cyCle engines.

44

240

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34:B

8. Distihguish between the differences in 'diesel engines and /gasoline engines by

placing .an "X" -next to the descriptions of diesel engines.

a. Lgnitiort -by compressi6n_

b. Burns ga;oline

c, Lighter construction

High compression ratio

e. Heavier construction

f. Takes fresh ,air directly to combustion' chamber

",
g. Ignition by electrical spark

h. Low compression ratio'

i. Burns low grade fuel oil

j. Fuel and air mixiore drawn th-Fough carburetor, and intake manifold--
into combustion chamber

k. Takes fresh, air and fu through carburetor then to combustion

-
'chamber 4

I. Fuel injected directly into combustion chamber

sp

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