‘is CS ep Ss BN Pas al” ame a stat tai he en ‘eps wo wa sa sea aS ne in bee om om RUG inn ot ytd wn Uli ora a St eh fe ‘em thoy e oe eoe O {3 Mate oe pd tn ed a et indice soo ee ow pease aoa a Si tn ene cate ‘Grsconpy, 58 tn Al Co, Bb Ca aa a, eres tessa al a gy: ark you pte shingle pean Se Fri sores 5 unde eb as ing aig ronars, ing sag ow euch you mst ti ots 2 ‘soe prem ag eau ese! tc oat jg we you a fo ‘singh mck how may nor pea runes tom 1029 ” cm nga rg way sig wy addon des se propane fr, nm ey te wes abe, aver D9, Asaiodiz amegetogmatsioiie 3 hte cas wa ete? Ie dito pes cet, aes atom 10 rg he i pat ot tecopss ” rept eee 2 in amet at fname 7 ‘ee Rene teaig pple vt snc sje, saber $}U9}U09/ 5" laa ita pain aad he te lo of ‘tay oto wat nd te ren renga at « ce-antapat wt hp? eps re cts dry ps ng ote no eos ros, rd pech " senate Pie thom fr an at sg bi, 2 sande: cere ctibeare 84 eran ae scrg yn dg we ag, sya ome oo oh her nat no go vy 1 kay cl nol em a i yo say, oe sag nating ee, rer recapture on 8 tie persona pp tts Row wae een ot ng me, yar, tra ws ag wom mcs, tows a w ecg cael 9a og pe re ects sega beter ay st the bee, sj aie art ry um camara at atte ten joe donde are hast on, ca ch 162 ‘tm namin psy Som ete er eens ting rt wan ee; om west nr oang p, sae, x m " reat ets els et aos gy hat 2 ch a an rg, a, rg * ents pt pton $5) sun, had po: sya nig gra Inga gon: speg ist arin te tka a recapture osan tag ter heyto teens weber ios amt! em Remana-Engh etary lh Reman ably reminder ‘0 1 a9 20 mm m j‘This courte is for those with no previous knowledge of Romanian I hasbeen designed fr sel-utio, bur maY also be used for stady witha teacher Romanian, because of is Latin origin and the fae chat it has borrowed. words from other Romance languages; will be recogalzable to anyone who knows French or lallas. In ‘working through this course you wil find many familiar ‘words, eapscally those conveying more abstract concepts, Serme identical in spelling with simular words used in English. ‘This mabes it relately easy to ead txts in Romanian of non iteary nature, in parocular, newspapes The course introduces both colloquial and wren forms of Romanian. The emphasis i on learning to sxe Romanian in a varesy of sitstions and each of the 20 units has been Srucured 0 this end, as you will se from the lit at the beginning of each one. No knowledge of grammatical serminology is presupposed; each term is defined ait it Invoduced although Wwe have also. added the traditional frammatical tera for those familie wich them. Tis these Ete terms that we have sometimes usd inthe index for ease of reference where thee no sraightforwaed alternative (One point of comfort. Romanians are extremely tolerant of those who make the effort lean their language, do 0%, therefore, be overcautions aboot sng the language for feat fof making. grammatical error. Romanians. themeclves ‘ccasionaly sip up and for that reason are sympathetic to the ‘Sificalies faced by non-Romanians. ‘Most ofthe 2,000 words introduced in the cours ae those ‘requenty used in daly conversational stations. Many of the vocabulary tems relisted inthe Romanian-Eagih and uononpowui)English-Romanian Vocabulary a¢ the end of the book, Each ‘unit contains is own words of iems introduced and i more explicit abour the relevant grammatical forms, How to use this course Each uni contains a ist wih ies contens Ie wil outline which gtk ae rpc "and, whic atatons you wl be linguistically able to cope with, The unit opens with Key words which will rable you to understand the words introdoced in ‘the Grammar section and the dialogue. Pay cael stenion to the Key words, learning them inthe may suggested in Unt. {Grammar and pronunciation Following the Key words in he intl unts there are weal ips shout pronunciation and grammar In later unity this section tray inroduces she srcrres of Romanian, fis wl ip You to understand. how the Tangeage works. Such ah Understanding will give you the ably to woe the language cffectvely. Mastering Romanian grammar i ial bur ts ‘ection attempts to make t more atcemble by providing ple ‘planatonsilusrated by aumerows examples, The points ‘then the Gaminar scion ae expe ia edge snd Eseries Dialogue ‘The dilogue shouldbe rea in conjunction with the Key words ‘Make a detailed study of i noving all the new vocabulary od language forms. The fee question ofthe Exercises sways Fler: {0 the dialogue andis designed to test your understanding of & ‘The aowwer ae to Be founda the back ofthe book 0 Page 13. ‘A good tip for familiarizing youself with the conversstional ‘ambi inthe dialogues ofead i aloud, Memorzing it wil oo Sas you in your own ue ofthe language in relevant uiuations. Remember that understanding Romanian will not by itself cnable you to create Romanian fluent and seeuretely” Mach practice is needed before you can make the leap from ‘cognition tp creation, Exercises ‘Since tht selfnstration course, a key provided o all the ‘Beercies. This is tobe found in the Key to the exereses wating on page 319, The nature ofthe course requires you to complet: the exercises inti Yo cena do eo he ray ode evlop our spoken exportet Ar you would expec, the fxerits are dominated’ by texts on the vocabulary” and ‘Stctres introduced inthe test wit Tce ae tre Revision {rs (6,13, 20) which cover materia rom al preceding uni You should regad your progress with 6 and 12 a sig sto ‘whether you should go nto the following unite. There i a [Beat dal of grammatical marenal troduced in Units 70 12 Std you should nor artempr there before you have familiarized ous withthe as ve ie A few words about the recording Aktongh hice ook seed be loti, you Sr il carey teal 1 wok wth the acing Froduced to sconpany the couse The patie apnket Emly soe ol nd hg Konantn tno" epedice ponuncaton, onto a ‘ec ht wl ake yo nigh w Roman pain The ‘Sotdng conaie the logs sn sme oft Key words {Soman sve web dito, cae one fe {Sics rc bok Alte saat ck of he Soak inthe ey tote cece nen tothe alee several sie paying pair cae so che Ponuacaton ed een Seb h oe dilaps You ca Eiinand witout contig ee Copying tthe dloge i+ afl way of checking your Sep apt th Pronunciation You will nd a guide 10 pronunciation in Unit 3, on pages 1052, Symbols CTs indicates that che recording is needed for the following section. BD Tis section contains information on Romanian culture, history and everyday Me and intoduces extra vocab.LO ol}ey q eniz eun {nth unit you wl earn$ i Before you start ‘Read the introduction to the course rating of page 1. This ‘ies some useful advice on studying by yourself aad how to ‘make the most of che couse, ‘As you probably know, people Iceni diferent ways: some ‘need to know rules fr everything, others ike o fel this way incatvely In his unt yu'l be given the opportunity to Hind ‘ut what works best for you ‘Make sure you've got your eases recorder next to you a you'll ned olsen to Key words snd the seein on Romanian Sounds. if you don't have the recording use the section on Romanian sounds on pages 10-12 help wit proauaciation Exercise Can you think of any Romanian word you know suchas the words for hello and thank you? Say them aloud sid look at the Key words section below 20 check the answers QKey words and phrases Before you liten tothe recording, look back atthe section A few words about the recording on page 310 find out how to listen to the Key words and dialogues 4, matumese Pott? “Tere are several way of leaning vosbulry Find ou the way that works bet for you, Here are» fw soggestons. ‘Say the word alo as you read them Wie he words over and over again, §, Eieaieite recording seer ince 4 Seay te Is rom Being to end thea backw Associate the Romanian words with sma sounding words in Engi [Rote the word wh pow or semion (c4-bak ‘om, bund sara ith shal hands). Grammar and pronunciation 1 Silent/ ‘Asa general rule don't pronounce i at the end of a word ic orbit cuz fce 2 simple questions sepa et om Tanai ne aa 3 ‘No, thank you" Ifyou want ro refase something in Romanian you say mu, mule DDialogue Dompul Porter Bund zu, Dos Enesc ‘Doamna Enescu Bund sus Domne Porter Domnul Porter Co maifaca? wenaDoamna Enescu Bie, mumesc, Dar dumnesvoasha? Domnul Porter Foarte be. ‘Doarna Enescu Vor ine romtnest! Domnul Porter Pater? Mal ar, oy DDoamna Enescu Scuza Veri tinermtnese Domnul Porter” Aga saga ‘ey to learn the dialogue by heat by repeating i several ines, Greeting Romanians and attracting attention In Romania people shake hands wed tends end ecqusinaroes very time they meet each che or say goodbye le custrnary ft ‘man isthe nando lay when is voduced a er (to you want atract wales stanton to order a dnko snack you shoul raise your handin his decten snd ey, og, domme Exercises 1. Hlow would you greet: "Mr Pores, in the morning? 5 Mrs Enescu, inthe afternoon? (© Miss Enesct, in the evening? 2 What would you say to each of them when taking your 9 Spon ng ron ein yo do dead Which ofthese would you use in rep Ses Vorb mai ca, vi og [Noape bn. 4 You sre inthe hall ofa hotel and you meet someone you know. What do you say wien: ouch. Fee speaks too fast lth ofers you a cigarete and you do not smoke. helhe says goodbye. ‘Aman at the bus-stop is auking you a question that you do not hear peopediy. Which do you say: 6 4 a vi rog. ©, mulpumese © poli? You are saying the night with some fends. 1's late and ou decide to go to bed Which do you sy Cem fact La seeder Noapte band ‘se the clues to complete the grid. When you've finshed, the vertical word wl be what you sy to someone t0 expres thank, 1 Grating someon in the morning & Reretng used when going to bed. € The opposite of doamns. 4 Howare your = Hall, i ‘ § Sorry) ‘What you say when you take your leave of someone. Good evening, Excuse me,Remember tock yor amen he Key othe eee I ‘you ave foo many wrong snrwers go back fo page Yast pvt {seul ip to lara key word and porate the ote cxeears con DRomanian sounds How to sound Romanian Nov that you've lar fe Romanian phrase, concette ‘nsoanding Romanian ght eo being se ses oe ‘Sistine peu + In Romanin roomy il wg igen tech prof Be word cg tala, yal eee wlcioe i * Alt Romaian word ta re pe ike Engh words re | Poni ae npr conus, Romanian vowel sounds | Here isa list of the Romanian vowels with a rough English | equiva sound. Some of them have an accent (41) which 3 their pronunciation and distinguishes words with the seri nh ond yoo: = Shea : a Be | Fanta = 1 of a word) me | 2° almost silent at the end of pom | Sree, 3 yard (arthe beginning of | iar the word) : Fook = 4 and represent the same sound. has no close equivalent in Englh ra cross berween the sounds in Engl cade ad Ting. pie mai yp day yeu (old English) TP no close equivalent 2. no close equivalent youn yow! = Yorke : 10 close equivalent ho close equivalent no close equivalent wonder Tow Influence Romanian consonant sounds Many consonants, such as bed fghk1 ma petvwxs, are Smile to English: Below are the exceptions: ough English sound eibefor ize) che esi a ite ‘Solace lbs ise) geowraphy sean # Be Bia ; ose Shnge t felled a in Scorish x ae : shop ‘ i oe ft Acguiring a good accent i desirable, bu the principal im i 0 Imake yourelf understood. Here are a nunber of ‘ipe for ‘sadying pronunciation 4 Listen carefully to the econding of & native speaker of teacher 'b Tape record yourself and compare your pronunciation with that ofa native speaker, «¢ Adka nacive speaker to listen to your pronunciation and tel you how to impor. 44 Make alist of words that cause you pronunciation problems snd practise them.© Try this tongue-wister gas sai, ase saci, ase sai Sse scans ae and sacl mean sac, Un mic test Amin teat ‘You have reached the end of Unit 1, Now you know how to say, hello, thank you and exchange greetings. You've also learnt & Te shout Romanian sounds: How would you f mzbele? tek someone if hetheepeake English? Say thank you? ‘You'll ind the anawere at the back of the book. If you have answered all the questions correctly, go 10 Une 2 fo, revise Ua qeujul pueund Buryse we74] Before you start ‘The simples way to atk for something in shop io point a it F) meer pesse Novena ay oe Roan ou ot know it followed by virog, such a cafe, og cafes plese, i Domaule/Doamnd/Domnjoars, vi og’ to cal Ge weird Exercie You are in a restaurant. How would you ancact the waiter’s steention? How would you ak for a eup of cofec? Dey words and phrases / Leaning anew language involves emembetng new vocabulary | snd rales and pronunciation and grammar Akbongh aoe resents his information ina certain way fis ae ro denne Tour own system for refering t what you have alcady lene elt cont ata? ‘uth de oul sue deat ‘i aaton ‘un hotel une un east tn iat unetine pine ‘bere estes cui © tld cu sph mineral © sta de autobur 2 sta de metro ‘When organinng the study of vocabulary you can group the eer uch a shopping. i Eitatong such at ordering fod n'a restora. To remind yourself of pronunciation rules, reserve a section of your noes for them fr esry referees Grammar and pronunciation 1 Negation lo «va negative particle mu is placed before a vecb 10 indicate opin: We fan ln iy fan fal king a simp Hlrmative statement such os sun oma T am Romanian. To fey Tam not Romanian we place mu before ant. m0 ust 20site teksts musta tere nai nnat swat? coyounave? —muavel? dontyeo nee? wrens fant ‘nu veou cont wane 2 Intonation ‘There are basally three pattern ofitonation, If you hae the recording lien tthe folowing examples Theres Rae os simple uesions where the voks i uted to's gk eae Uade ete? Whereis itt ‘The second occurs in questions to which we can expect the answer yes of mo K 3004 hae co Neneibeet Denton enh ete he igh ich ven to can and Bere. The hil is men anormal sateen Na yen bere 1 don sont) bey Here therein lig lin pach bre 3 ‘A, ‘an’ ‘The word 4 or amin English becomes un or 0: Unis in tgs, Romanian noua zs ced by gn sich mean that they ar eher msc ee, mde, Sie, ie esl ot ot Note eat, hw, Sie or one anc ge ean eee ison Spee on eg cei Sang ft ad wi age? Sey ng he Sr ae ely Sass" ar © fs ©. um hot is neuter and wn om is masculine. Nous ha nin owe ke cans and sc ae pred SrEsing ts detanlins gon Sa ee maker soa ah oe te ovis be gee het ser non edn ht eng Smaak ce nia eu tne hong teas exceptions when at pod bib co art he acini te acoso i wil feet ca em a a Toad Roncta wi m adeaad a fee a cos mt ‘weeel niet otamacie opine osdoarins simple uid to remembering the group or gender ofa noun i fotearin mind tat non cas nal es flong the ‘masculine gender and females belong tothe feminine. Animals that are male or female are respectively of the masculine and feminine gender. Untoranarcy for the leame, objects and strat notions are ls repula in hee gender. * ike the Degg mat al mann um hae Pao my ytahgs is ravine See (feminine) ‘bere 2 beerExercises whee iI ‘You wil find more plurals in Uni 3. Late in the book (fom Unit §) the Key words sections list, Cheer Ce dori?) ous with bork et ngular an plac oem flowed oy Fee oddone Venn once inlet (no oe the pede ake ce page 33) pom _— Bera forer Yano 3) GDialogue Doma Porter Aono cafe | & oo Saneal —_— 8 Let's accompany Mr Porter and sce if he ges what he wane. Read the following dialogue oi you have the recording listen Domne! Porter Nu, mulpunese one 4 You ar hin Tyan nd you need bow Siento Pose letied britain Caples ern Porter Vion 0 clea oo scl 0 op minal Unde este un Where is there restaurant? aaa ne or cr ramp Uncreun Who th ronan Se ey Domnul Porter Nu, mullumesc, nu vreau oeal DBs Give the answers, in the negative, to the following Ce utter St Serr toner uniectansge fo FI cle f Reto! ow me exe note ee Pee eee ¢ Acolo exe o sai de eaxiuri? {6 The items you want are hidden in the string of leters below. Bmineral water Find them me Romanian cnk apt minerait ‘dead oop nt een Paap ne cbanpitincvtaraibabrnai later is safe to arnk There are more than 100° mineral water spnge in Romar which ave been ovaopod and have btn plants Ts ‘mineral water ls almost (fezy ane dink at tale, Some mineral water ls taken for medina ppuposes d's pry recommended (© pine cosh gave ste dell for" vor and_‘kdrey "complaints, ‘Unbilet de autobuz cost patra sute de le cczsonaly Romanians ite wn ‘Aza cost tel sue de le th mineral water o make eeshng ‘nk caled un epeh 7. Rewrite the following answers into suitable questions Example: Un ceai cost cing ste dele ‘Queton: Cit con un cei? ( cafes cont gpte ste de le (Ose ex Bee costh nowt eae de eiBO) & Te ak ot many gueios tou can a Romanian, | 1° Booms Eee sate detent ostatie vin ost hotel wiejuezeid au es {nth unit you wil earn tote yous!Before you start Mab mames my name ist ithe way you introduce you | ‘when asked cum wl oui cha yor nara a Bxamples (Cum va nami ‘Mi namese George Porter Dumaeavossta cum vi mamii? En mi mumese Vitor Contec, oxmcavoasr you is sed when you adress anther person, gy] eles you are cise ends, or you speak ton cals Exercise Inxoduce youself a in the example above and ask your new sequainaace hs orhername nO 404 EY GQKey words and phrases ‘Sunt romined? Mu, sunt engezoaic. De unde sunt? ‘Sunt an Romania? Nu, sunt ain Angie ‘Sune esetont? Suntan? | At copit? No tan Enotsh (wom). Where do you come far from? vo ‘Do you come fr you) trom Romania? Na Jam om Engond (ri. ‘re you mod? (esresaing]@ man) ‘re you marred? {eatessng# woman) bo you havo caren? {neve oe ch ag Hew may cen do you have? Wo rave wo chtte, sandbox How many gts and how many boys? ‘Am un cop 9 ft Ci copl aver? spol Arm dcop oa ie. (Cotte 9 ot ban? ‘Aver dou tte ore ila. Wo hve two ots and dwn 8 Unde tat? stim is ota Ct tmp statin Rom? Read the questions and answers several ines. Grammar 1 More plurals In Unit2, you were introduced to some plural forms of nouns: ‘un romie, doi romani, un bl, dou bt, o stil, dou stile. “ire are some more forms 4 Inmasculine nouns the adation of in he plural sometimes Causes the final consonant ro change er Racsion cop hildren = rusi_—‘Rusions 1b Those ha nd ina vowel seplace the vowel with Bee mene lew Tom (ants of mat menes det Tons eurreney) pene fib pet fbi «Feminine nouns ending in form their plural by substiuing iherane ‘asi howe camer room Sse hes Gamere—_Fooms caglrosicdEnglibwomon nglezosice —Englshwomenwet saon geht garden Som BRR den 4 The nig ing ee wih en i ee ook Fei kee Soak Thon cing in rt pact pw Patios Ma ugteiby tee, 1 Tho edn in rege by cay 6 eet cocud — Sfefome, 5 Thowendiagiacrpiee afeg 7 est bye ie SO te 4 Nate oun cig a fr thi lr by dng et git form hl by dig Brome pea 1 Tho edn in iar formed sh lara wi fotolia ‘amebar He Parl with foot Seer 2 Nouns of nationality and of occupation alti hie wit you me he phe ete, st sort a oa, Ta dt oe ‘ie wit tm and oe ciao ith eat sage. Similcly ‘hey arenot requiced: when wade ‘atonliy: sunt roma, sant roman! Ts Renewed Eeminine nouns denoting occupation or ravonaty are ‘ually dred ine one a rom mas oS oe sae student, o students a female student “ = ‘ {profesor a teacher © profesor unenges "an Engittmanteoman © okra Sn amercan Sn American ° smerioned undocor” — Subcer 2° doceni ning, Senter 2 gine Note how the feminine fem is often radically diferent 3 ‘How much?" ‘How many?” ‘To sk how much, bow many, Romanians se the word et. In Unie 2 you ten he phrase ct cond? ow mach docs cot? ‘When one with «noun, it changes orn fo ace 4 according to whether the noun it mascling, feminine o¢ i etoring ro wheter the noun singular or plural, “Thus in chine the forme bi how many boys and ete fete how many girl ae sed a ‘ 4 singular cit cath cd plural oi ate site 14 Numbers from 11 t0 20 n unsprezece it doispreaece (m),douisprezce (fn) B eedspreece i aisprezece iB Sncipreece ie faisprenece it fprespreece 18 ‘opaprezece » smowasprerce 20 ‘Soaizecs From 20 upwards the nouns are linked to the number by de, so: Aoisprenet ani (12 years) ‘Soodeprezece fete (22 gre) paisrezece ile (14 bots) ‘bute doninec deli (20 one) [Note that in colloquial speech the spremce ending is reduced to spe une, doigpe, doulppe, wipe, Daly, cngpe, saipe, PRPS, Ope, owe BDialogue ‘The Romanian tourist office is conducting a survey about tourism in Romania and one of their employees (angst) approaches George Porter ‘Angalatul Curva rum? ‘George Porter Mi numose George Pot, rr el oon B £0ana box Ur, aun, wa mo Ye, at In tiny actos Romania is he woth gest county in E | siohy Sater an Great Bash opus jst ve 23 mln mlonn). ope by are (spree) (areata) ends te cisco. Sho ila Tiigoara, fe rel baie St la Bucurey 2 sa doo. 2 Using the dialogue as 2 model try to unscamble the following jumbled conversation ‘De ce nu seal mai mul (more) fn Romina? No, sunt englez ‘Sune estore? Sneiromin? Say whether the ollowis ing statements based onthe dialogueror} G35 Ack questions in onde to get the following answers ‘opi 6 © Darontenglz, 4 Sede Ia hotel © Aici sau dou i f Sunes. fei ia Bocuet ese La Timioara sti paisprezece zl, 4 Use the appropriate indefinite article wn oo: cop b lath Bat, d hotel, telefon faraci pital, ‘4 ice i dnt, oso tin ce Canyon inthe en word ia Romain in she yl? yee’ [NAT K] vi Ayo] op s[i [1 b wter [ol elel2{stalvielts ¢ telephone $ = 1 4 entd™ [FL s[ elt [t[nfaleli fa isoee [€]t]1 [alo] ol tl of ely becr™*cli Tole] w[Alelr[u i female c] (eteaie E| Cl e[1 [ultl1 [efole i foale“ t[e fel slel yf thi vpo s/Al el rlAl ul Al nl alo [2[ 0] T] A] | Pl e| of nf ul t[ Pl Al ull ol slels|v, How do you say the fllowing in Romanian: a Ave you Romanian (won)? & Tam'maried (man). € Whereis restaurant? 4 My name ie Vietor Ene, © Jama student (man) © How mach isa cker? Lwanta bore of mineral water How much sa eup of coffe? i Whereis pharmacy? eh flowing Poot cond a pi a. Bont! avon par co of Mr Porter ‘Which column would you uso ask questions nd which tak quetons of Ma Poe Sunreizarst? sunt iar? =a, sae =e" Sans =o eee, so Shae =, See Sc Suen the abore Toy ing ter male ad female prions with she ah forms, such as George ete englen or Ana ete englexoaica. Frill che equares in the pusle with the correct Romanian bo © Romanian die evening {tain 6 Thee he where i Romania j here eight ' telephone10 Complete the blanks or cite and write the ‘numerals in full: sng ot le ayn Romania? Sta 17 ie opi veg? Am 4 cop tlc bere re Wiens 14 ace, ret ea a i East nant acolo Sune 16 engl tots san ai Sen som bine ort Vrs 5 ble pains dor? Vest 1 spin {agin son ai? Alt stinger ery ‘Rem otf, BuDISE fe es wino tn the unt you wl earn + task to wy and vert rectors + to uso ome propostons and the ndtiate form of anon + veo tho forms for, you, hoy ao, wo, hoy totes the verbs ato be, ‘evento have, tat aay, famorgo ogo, ah toate e; Bun{0 repeat the deans you have tet Coarced you hae nen Exercise ‘Ask a passerby how you can get on foot othe. B chemi © hotel Qkey words and phrases ow do gto te stator, Please? 201P © He cessed (20 oho ati os 20 up he covet, up re bouovad ‘Are yon foot? ‘How ae you gating tare? {am goin by bs by underground bycar am taking us. Yu quove ip for dct, You wal ae sop, You mood feet book of kts Where do got het tom? You ga ott mt oak eed sag A enter? Hew ang wil oo me gt {0 he stator? ‘nabot 20 minutos Tmalnte de befor Ie that 307 thats rit ‘empl smote imal simpla sper ingd beats, netto inte betwen 5 clasity the nous sed in hs unit hey ae Bisbee act pve at sip flan ae ny ‘ord boxes fom bee eawards aliments saeare food shop.1 "Ty "you, ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it, ‘we’ and ‘they’ tombe he, we and they are clled subject pronouns h. Here are thr equate Romanians Pome | ow 1 = em fair on d he (or) it ” 5S selon e = 3 (coltve ony 3 ey mal a they ema) bb The subject pronoun it placed in font of fphsse the der ofthe act avem us hav ane SaedBe stbet pronouns le, le may be used to take the ‘sof nou, eter pen, place oan {ough in proce they are monty aed ts ines ona Here isan example with an sbese ese oe Un camet are zece bite. A book of tickets bas ten ickete Bare nse baw. eterno ke ent 4 The subject pronoun lis used to take ihe i masculine singulatnou gare Cometh dt [Pmlne singular nous suchas aoe are Geoae ae cgd | sew ORS oon dw ake pace of | Feminine singe on ahha eo bs Se 1 Te mies pomp we wleth ps ateap mais Sme nah plas lr ial orm. he fein ee a a ois Gog nd fates ae eeiitgfiet pronoun ees wed to take the place of two i hla Romanian there are four subject pronouns that mean your umnesta domneavoastrs ‘Tas wed when you ae speaking fo a member of your fan, 4 lose fen, oF Someone young then your ey Jou ares ‘Gorge Porte Bona nua, Ana, Tu ot sodent? DDumneata (usualy abbreviated to da of sometimes mata is she ed we addening one non wie hat psn 8 fesonal colleague or 8 sabordnat. I inay by wed in a Ey ov olde nase: usualy re Geowge Porer Bund tua, domnvle Popeca: Dumesta ei Tegner? Voi ig used to adress two o more pertons and usally shows ¢hac th peer on fama ters with he person ade tel ant pou hve ‘George Forer Bond rua, Ana yi Nico. Voi avei bite de rewou? Irn doubt as ro which ro use, choose damnesvoastr. Dumneavoassa (usualy abbreviated 10 dv) is used when fddresing one or mote persons and when that person Superior age or rank tothe ses, Inca alo be wed to Adress a'sranger ‘or someone you do not know wel It ‘especial and coursousdamnesvoas stmt! yow se ‘Kos Bund ss, donna Porter Dv: sunt proces? Nore shat wand dumeata are used with singular form ofthe ‘verb (66. et) and damecsvoutrt and voi wh plural form Vat ve) 2 Verbs Avett a word that expresses an action (eg. #0 go) oa tate of being (tobe, 0 shin). Tense mesas tne, Remenian and Egish verbs are divided into shree phases of time past, resent, ad future. A verb tense shows Han action f00k place (past taking lace (pest), or wl take place (utr) In chi unit you will ook at the present tense ofthe verbs af fo aya ave 0 have, a stata sty orf reside, a merge Togo, la toake. a font Lam suntem we are ot yeu are Suntey jou are See esha ite sme Theyare ont rare (ro