Es) «| BS 4164: 1987 (x ; Beat Nee © biiksh Standordststnton. No pat ofthis publication maybe photocopied or otherwise reproduced without he prior permission in writing of BST eee British Standard Specification for Coal-tar-based hot-applied coating materials for protecting iron and steel, including a suitable primer —_— Matériaux de revétements & base de goudron de houille appliqués & chaud pour protéger le fer et I'acier méme revétus d’une couche primaire appropriée — Spécifications HeiBaufgebrachte Beschichtungsstoffe auf Steinkohlenteerbasis und Grundierung zum Schutz von Eisen und Stahl British Standards Institution| "BS'4164 : 1987 Foreword y ‘This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Elements and Components (of Diverso Materials) for Buildings Standards Committee and it supersedes 8S 4164: 1980, which is withdawn, Since publication of the 1980 edition it has become clear that there is little demand for the type A primer and the type 1 coating materials and so they have been omitted from this revision, The procedures and limits for the impact test, when carried out at 0°C, and the cathodic disbonding test, which were introduced in the 1980 revision, have been amended in the light of subsequent experience. The opportunity has been taken to make some minor changes, in particular the raising of upper penetration limits at 45 °C, bringing them in line with the corresponding widely used stendard of the American Water Works Association, Cognizance has also been taken of the greatly increased use of coating materials on off-shore pipelines y Protection by coal-tar-based materials is the most exten- sively used method of protecting buried and submerged steel pipes. Materials used in coating have to be properly chosen for performance end compatibility; thete and many other requirements that apply are specified in ISO 5258 published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It is evident that materials and practices vary widely in the countries represented on the 180 committee, and a common standard has to sllow for the well established practices of the various countries. In this British Standard the aim has been to produce @ document that is compatible with the international standard but that also prescribes closer limits for many Properties, which experience in the UK has shown to, be advantageous, It should be emphasized that the protective system can be inoffectual if the coating materials ae not correctly applied, or if they are applied to an unsatisfactory surface. BS 8010 : Section 2.1" and Section 2.2* give guidance on application to steel and iron pipelines. ‘The use of hot-applied coal-tar-besed coating materials is mentioned in a number of British Standards; BS 534 refers to steel pipes, fittings and specials, while BS 4508 : Part 1 and 8S 5834: Parts 2 and 3 also specify these coating materials for specialized iron and steel articles. Hot-epplied bitumen-based coating materials for protecting iron and steel are specified in BS 4147, an amendment to which is published simultaneously with this British Standard. Warning. The coatings specified in this British Standard are not to be used where they will come into contact with water for human consumption, Compliance with a British Standard does not of itsstf confar immunity from legal obligations. “Revision of CP 2010: Pat 3. ‘In preparation, Revision of CP 2010 : Part 2.8S 4164 : 1987 Contents Foreword Cooperating organizations Spocitication 1 Scope 2 Definitions 3 Synthetic primer for cold application 4 Modified coating materials with inert rnon-fibrous fillers 5 Packaging 6 Marking 7 Sampling Appendices A Determination of voletite matter 8 Determination of filler content by ignition © Determination of density at 25°C. D Determination of softening point (ring and ball test) Determination of penetration Determination of flow time Sag test Low temperature test for eracking and disbonding Bend tests Impact test Peel tests Cathodic disbonding test Preparation of steel surfaces for the tests described in appendices G to M Priming of steel surfaces for the tests described in appendices G to M Application of coating material for the tests escribed in appendices G to M R_ Recommendations on the use of coating materials S- Guidance on the appiication and service temperatures of coating materials ZErRe zomm Tables 1 Characteristics of synthetic primer for cold pplication 2 Characteristics of coating materials 3 Tests for coating materials on primed metal 4 Application temperatures for coating materials Figures 1 Mould for sample for density determination 2 Apparatus for softening point determination 3 Dimensions of needle for penetration test 4 Cathodic disbonding test rig 5 Voltage adjustment circuit Poge Inside front cover Back cover 13 18 15(8 ‘asateasto87 | I Specification 1 Scope ‘This British Standard specifies requirements for hot-applied || coaltarcbesed materials, reinforced with inert nén-tibrous “fillers, which are used t0 protect iron and steel against $ corrosion, Requirements for a primer are included because the performance of hat-applied coating materials depends on its use, | Different grades of material are used for different substrates, conditions of application and service. This standard indicates factors that need to be taken into account in 1} litlecting the grade for a particular use. Methods of test are given in appendices A to Q, recommendations on the use of coating materisis are given |i appendix R and guidance on the application and service temperatures of coating materials is given in appendix S. NOTE. The tities of tho publications referrd to inthis standard salted on the Inside back cover, 22 Definitions s For the purposes of this Brith Standard the following " definitions apply. | 2.1 coal-tarsbased. Derived from crude coal-tsr, produced “only by the high-temperature carbonization of coal in coke ovens. + 2.2 hotappliod, OF such a consistency at ambient tempera tre that heating is required befoie application, {23 inert flfar, Finely divided mineral powder which is not substantially hygroscopic, not electrically condilesing and © does not react with other ingrediunts of the coating ‘material or with the environment in which it will be used, 24 modified coal-tar. Material manufactured by the hot dispersion of powdered coal in eoal-tar or in suitable ar oils. ' 5 primar. A material applied asa thin film to meta in ‘order to ensure maximum adhesion of the subsequent & protective coating. I Ie | "3 Synthetic primer for cold aplication | 1 NOTE. A synthetic primer for cold application is used with costing tari. The guickaryng and wleaiono a siaeeeany contig ipo tins ie i rim 83.1. Gone | The prime shall be applied in actordance with iia ‘manufacturer's instructions. 32 Compotition | ‘The synthetic primer for cold application shall consist of chlorinated rubber and plasticizer and, when required, | colouring matter, together with solvents needed to give a | consistency suitable for application by spray, brush or ‘other approved method.» 3.3. Charactoristios ‘The synthetic primer shall comply with the requirements siven in table 1 |n addition, the primer shall provide a bond between the ‘metal and the coating material that will enable the requi Tents given in table 3 to be complied with if all the ualities of the coating material are adequate. Tabla 1. Charactaristics of synthetic primer for cold application | Charsctristc Limits | Method of tet Flow time (4 mm flow cup) 323°C 35 st0.60s Flash point (Abel closed cup), minimum 23°C | 2000 : part 170 Volatile matter (105°C 10 110°C), | 75% loss maximum by mass | Appendix A 4 Modified coating materials with inert non-fibrous fillers 4.1 Composition ‘The coating materials shall consist of a uniform mixture of ‘modified coal-tar and inert non-fibrous filler The fineness of the inert non-fibrous filler shall be as follows when tested by the method described in clause 6 of BS 1796 : 1976: passing 90 um test sieve complying with the appropriate Fequirements of BS 410 : not less than 33%; Passing 250 jum test sieve complying with the appro- priate requirements of 85 410 : not less than 99 %, 42 Characteristics ‘Thé coating materials shail comply with the requirements for the appropriate grade given in table 2. NOTE, Guidance on the application and service temperstures of 0aging materials it given in appendix 8 4.3 Tests 4.3.1 General. The coating materials, in conjunction with the appropriate primer, shall also comply with the require ‘ments for the appropriate grade given in table 3. 4.3.2 Impact tests. If the tost specimen fails the Impact test (see table 3} at 0°C, two further test specimens shall ‘be prepared from the seme sample as the failed test specimen and both shall be tested at 0 °C. The material shall be deemed to comply with the requirements of the impact test provided both the test specimens pass the test,. i 85 4164 ; 1987 | Table 2. Characteristics of coating materais Bomscteiie Grade 105/15 | Grade 10578 | Grade 12078 Filler content by ignition, % by mass [251035 | 25035 | 251035 | Appendix + Density at 25 °C, g/em? 1.4 101.6, 1.4 10 1.6 1.410 1.6 Appendix C '¥ Softening point (ring and bell), °C 105to 116 | 105 t0 116 | 120 to 130" | Appendix D j Panetration (total moving mass), 107! FY 28%, 1009 }10%020 |sio12 [1m 9 | Appendix € 45°C, 60g 18 10 55 8t0 30 3016 |\Flow time, s. . {Her 930°C 8t0 16 9t0 16 - Appendix F thn 2a0°e - - 91024 The softening point range for this grads may be exceeded by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchevar> | Table 2. Texts for coating materials on primed metal "reat [erwin 08/15 | crace105/0 | Grade 12075 | Method of ot | Sag, maximurn, mm if 70°C, 24h 18 1 - Appendix G 80°C, 24h - - 1.5 Low temperature eracking and disbonding 130°. None = - Appendix H -25°C : - None = 20°C i 7 - None {Bend at 0°C: ' } 1 Flrst rack, minimuim, mm Appendix J i Initial 5 |) |20 5 |- i Aftar heating | [ts 10 j= a Disbonded aces, maximum, mm? i | Ania 2000 3000 = ‘After heating |} 3000 5000 : ant Impact i i 1 [:| Disbonded area, maximum, mm? the vote 15000 | - - Appendix K i i 25°C , |- 10.000 - fA Peel, initial and delayed, maximum, min de] Pore Joo | - oped | (aoe 30 30 - ya |,.50°C i 3.0 3.0 > | {60° = 30 30 in 70°C - - 3.0 i [| eats atoning m2 ane Maximum, mm - 5 5 5 ‘Appendix M vebebaa2 i t TER eeBS 4164 1987 || 5 Packaging ‘The coating material shall be supplied in one of the follow: J tng formas" {a in paper bags, with easily strippable lining, containing approximately 50 kg: {b) in stl drums containing not more then 200 L; (c) in bulk as hot liquid, Primers shall be packed in steel drums containing not more than 210 L: The supplier shall provide instructions for storing and handling the material Pons PS 6 Marking ‘ontainers of coal-tar-based hot-applied coating ~aterials ‘hall be legibly and permanently marked with the following (2) the number and date of this British Standard, BS 4164 : 1987°, | {) the grade number of the material (e.9. grade 120/8), r {e) the manufacturer's identi of the manufscturer that the product me |: Fof the peeson making the claim, Such | amunabie, | q i Hf t i | sMarkiog 8S 4164 : 1987 bn or in relation to » product represents a manu 7 Sampling NOTE. When samales of costing ms testing, the purchaser and the suppl {of packages to be sampied an the procecure to be scosed The samples a0 taken should be icenttieg by the sopoiog ‘one-half retained by the purcheser forthe purpose of mekine such tests os he may reaie During the cooling period after manufacture, some setting of the filer in the coating materials will occur. In order to ensure that test semples are representative, they shell be ‘made up of equal amounts taken from the top, middle and bottom of the container. A sample of primer shall be obtained in the following Procedure, Draw not less than 1 L either at the filling stage €r from one or more previously unopened containers, Filla suitable clean, dry, airtight container with the sample 30 as to leave an ullage of approximately 5 %. Seal and ‘mark each sample container with full details and the date of sampling. ers declaration of conformity, i,» claim by oF on bebalt # the standard. The accuracy of the claim is therefore solely the rewporality aration is not to be confused with third party certification of conformity, which mo nee teata mi. Appendices i" Appendix A. Determination a? voisiiie i matter ai A Apparatus AAA Tared flat-bottorned circular dish. A12 Oven, A43 Desiccator, A2' Procedure Welgh to,the nearest mili the primer into the tared # ‘about 75 mm in diemet lin the oven (A.1.2) at the 3! Allow the dish to cool desidthtor (A.1.3) and re Yih i igtam between 1.0 g and 2.0 9 of flat bottomed circular dish (2.3.1), Heat the dish and its contents ‘temperature given in table 1 for | to room temperature in the weigh to the nearest milligram, AZ Calculation ‘is : } Calelce th vost m etter, V, a5 a percentage by mass of j the primer as follows: ; My ithe mass of ample before hesting | Mid temas of sample after resing Appendix B, Determination of filler content by ignition | | | 8.1.1 |Taredpreionited sls crucible, 40-mim in diameter and 30 min deep, 8.1.2 Cold mutte furnace, B13 Desiccator, non pPraximateiy B2. Procedure | Weigh to the nearest milligram between 1 9 and 1.59 of coating material into the crucible (B.1.2), Place the recible in the Gold muffle furnace (8.1.2) with good ventlstion and Ingreaie the temperature to 700 °C to 750 °C over sbout 2h. Maintain that temperature for not less thon 1h, Then rémove the crucible from the mute furnace and || tlw 1 t0 cool in the desiccator (8.1.3). Weigh the crucible 1) and ash to the nearst miligram, 8S 4164 : 1987 Report the filler content by ignition 9 the percentage by ‘mass of the original sample of coating materia, 33 Calculation Calculate the filler content, F, as a percentage by mass of ‘the coating material as follows: Me Fe 100 where ‘M, is the mass of sample before heati ‘Ma isthe mass of sample after heating. Appendix C, Determination of ciensity at 25°C Ci Apparatus C.1.1 ould, of polished brass, 28 shown in figure 1, ‘ssembled and placed on a polished brass C-1.2 Melting pot, of steel, of approximately 80 mm lameter and 100 mm height, with a loose fitting fd €.1.3 Bolance with hook. C2 Procedure Break 260 go to 300 g of coatin: '9 material into pieces not greater than 18 mm in siz 2. Heat them slowly in the melting Pat (C..2), keeping the lid on when not stirring, Untl the Pleces have melted, stir continually to avoid focel ov heating and excessive loss of vapour. Thereafter stir occasionally | ~Dowel pins Figure 1. Mould for sample for density determinationBS.4164 : 1987 i When the temparature/of the fluid material has reached 60°C to 70°C above the expected softening point, pour the fluid material carefully into the mould {C.1.1), avoiding the Inclusion of el bubbles, until the mould Is almost ful NOTE. te convenient fl the ringt forthe softening point texts, the cylinder forthe penetration test and the mould for the Sarnty tet at the sre time. ‘Allow the material and the mould to cool to ambient temperature and then part the mould. ‘Suspend thé moulded specimen from the hook én the balance (C.13) using a suitable length of nylon thread, and welgh it to the nearest milligram. ‘Add a few drops of wetting agent to a small beaker of water ft 26 °C. Place the beaker on a bridge across the balance ‘pan, Suspend the moulded specimen from the hook on the balance #0 that Iti fully immersed in the water and not ‘touching any part of the beaker. Carefully remove all ir bubbles aifiering to the specimen and zo the thread. Weigh thd dpacimen to the nearest milligram wt (| suspended 19 the water. I 3] Me | ©3 Caloulation : rh Calculate the density of the coating material at 25 °C, D, (in g/cm? )'a8 fotlows: where ‘My Is the mass of sample in ait; i ‘My, Is the mass of semple in water at 25 °C. a Appendix D. Determination of soften “point (ririg and ball test) | D1 Apparatus D.1.1. General. The apparatus shall be as descrtied in to D.1.10 and as shown in figure 2. DA.2 Two tapered rings, of bras, ofthe dimensions shown In figure 2(b). 1 | 1.1. Ritg suppor, consisting of swo brass plete, 4 the upper'one of the form and dimensions showh in ‘figure 2(c) and designed to carry two rings. The support is | attached toa eteular bras late or rectangular tip which {rests on the top of the beaker (D.1.6) end is provided with * shole to iupport the thermometer (0.7.0) in the vertical axis ofthe Beaker, es shown in figure 2a). ++ The depth of the rings (D.1.2) below the shoulder isthe { sameasthe thickness of the ring supporting plate. The lower plat is about 25 mm wide and about 75 mm long, and is i fixed so that its upper surface is 25 £ 0.5 mm below tt | lower surface of the ring-supporting plate. j D.1.4 Two steel balls, each having amass of 3.50 + 0.05 9 and a diameter of 9.53 mm. D.A.5 Thermometer, Institute of Petroleum Standard ‘Thermometer Schedule no. 1 P. 61e. STPTC TSd, 1.1.6 Beaker, 800 mL. of tall form, D.1.7 Tripod and draught screen, The apparatus when assembled is supported on the tripod on a square of wire gauze. The tripod alzo carries a flame screen of wire geuze and the whole assembly is protected from draughts by a draught screen which consists of a sernicylindrical sheet of ‘metal, 300 mm in diameter and sufficiently high for the purpose of the test, D.1.8 Gas burner, with a governor if required. D.1.9 Moulding plate, of the dimensions shown in figure 2(4), D.1.10 Melting pot, of stee, of approximately 3 mm wall thickness, 80 mm diameter and 100 mm height, with a loose fitting lid. D.A11 Sharp kaite, D.1.12 Tongs. D.2 Procedure Break 250 g to 300 9 of sample into pieces not greater than, 15 mmin size. Heat them slowly in the melting pot (D.1.10), keeping the lid on when not stirring. Until the pieces have melted, stir continuously to avoid local overheating and excessive loss of vapour. Thereafter stir occasionally Warm the two rings (D.1.2) to about the temperature of the melted coating material and place them inverted, ‘one within each of the sets of guide pans, on the polished moulding plate (D.1.9). Then fill the rings with the coating material heated to 2 temperature of 60 °C t0 79 °C above ‘the expected softening point. Take care when filling the rings to avoid inclusion of air bubbles. Use sufficient coating material for each ring so that, after cooling for 20 min, a slight excess of coating material remains above ‘the level of the ring, NOTE. ti convanient to fill the ring for the softening point tet, ‘the cylinder for the penateation test and tha mould forthe deeaty Allow the filled rings to coo! to room temperature. Then, romove excess coating material with the sharp knife {D.1.11) which has been warmed slightly but not so much as to cause the coating material to fume. The face of the coating ‘material shall then be plane and level with the top of the ring. Pour into the beaker (D.1.6) 600 mL of neutral glycerol. Fit the filled rings into the support (D.1.3) and place the latter concentrically in the beaker. Insert the thermometer (D.4.5) and adjust itso that it lies along the vertical axis of the beaker, ensuring that the bottom of the thermometer bulb is level with the bottom of the rings and that the bulb is central with the central hole of the ring-supporting plaBS 4164 : 1987 BD pigamtale —smssarpe ‘ cok J! 497.46 20.1 4 to1—t t etl (1 Tapered ring Lover plate WW +) 28 wide ie (6) Pate for moulding Ail dimensions ar in illite. Figure 2. Apparatus for softening point determinationt ( ; ‘BS 4164 :1987 | Place the steal balls (D.1.4) in the beaker but not at first Cn the coating material in the rings. The level of the slycerol in the beaker should then be at least 50mm above ‘the top of the coating material in the rings, | Set the apparatus so that the ring-supporting plate is horizontal. Bring the apparatus to, and maintain it for 16 min at, « temperatura at least 45 °C below the expected softening point, and then place the balls by means of tongs, = {0.1.12} in the central indentations on the upper surface of the coating materiatiin the rings. Place the gas burnér (0.1.8) under the beaker, midway between the ceritre and the edge of the latter and on @ diameter at right angles to that which includes the rincs and the thermometer. Apply hest in such a manner that “the temperature ig raised 5 °C each minute; maintain this te within # 0.6 °C over each 1 rin period after the first three, not merely averaging over the period of test, Rigidly ~’sdhere to this heeting rate and reject all tests in which the fate in any 4.min period, after the first three, is outside hese limits.” Note the temperature at which the coating mate/ial surrounding each stee! ball first touches the lower plate of ‘the support, snd report the result as the mean of the two figures. If thé two steel balls fall at temperatures differing {by more than 1 °C, discard the result and repeat the test. |W for any Fadtion tha test has to be repeated, clean the melting pot, heat afresh portion of the coating material and fill the tings 2s described above. ape D3 Reporting | | Report the mean temperature obtained by the above ‘procedure as the softening point (ring and ball). Appendix E, Determination of penetration £1 General ‘This method is based on the penetration test for bitumen specified in BS 2000 : Part 49, but is modified for the following reason. Coal dispersion pitches have a tendency to form s hard thin skin while hot, and penetration values determined by the above method tend to show a wide variation, dependent on the preparation of the sample, Which is not easy to control, and on the point chosen on the surface for the test, The behaviour and performance of ‘those coal dispersion pitches isa function of the body of ‘the material an¢ not of any surface skin. £.2 -pparatus £.2.1 Penetration needle, of the dimensions given in figure 3 and, if itis to be submitted to the National Physical Laboratory for certification, bearing an identifi ‘cation number on the shank, E.2.2 Penetrometer, which permits the needle-holder to ‘move in the guide without appreciable friction and which is capable of indicating the depth of penetration to the nearest 0.1 mm, The total inoving mass (needle, needle holder, and superimposed weight) is 50 # 0.26 g or 100 # 0.25 g a given in table 2. £.2.3 Constant temperature water-bath, having a capacity of not less then 10 L and regulated at the temperature of test # 0.1 °C. The bath has 2 perforated shelf supported in ' position not fess than 60 mm from the bottom and not Jess than 100 mm below the top of the bath, i aj 1.00 fo 1.02; i f Brass a rs are in milimetres. 6.35 approx. / Too. t0 0.1 Steel,hardened and highly polished 90.1% to 0.16i \ 1 E.2. Transfer dish, for the sample container, ie. Gish or tray of a capacity thet will ensure complete immersion of the container during the test. It is provided with some ‘means that will ensure a firm oearing and arevant zocking of the container. E.2.5 Semple containers, of steel or brass, open cylinders ‘of approximately 3 mm wal thickness, 40 mm internal diameter and 40 mm depth. The two ends are machine: finished perfectly smooth and perpendicular to the axis. A suitable flat brass plate is provided, NOTE. The container can reusy be prepered from a section of E.2.6 Bath thermometer, complying with the appropriate requirements of BS 2000 : Part 49, E.2.7 Timing device, of sufficient accuracy te meet the requirements of the repeatability of the method. E.2.8 Melting pot, of steal, of approximetely 3 mm wall thickness, 80 mm diameter and 100 mm sight, with @ loose fitting fi, E3 Procedure Break 250 g to 300 g of coating material into pieces not ‘greater than 15 mm in size. Heat them slowiy in the malt- ing pot (2.2.81, keeping the lid on when nt stirring, Until the pieces have melted, stir continually to avoid local ‘overheating and excessive loss of vapour, Thereatter stir ‘occasionally. ‘The brass plate (see £.2.5) shall be well polished. Place the sample container (E,2.8) on the plate so that close contact, is maintained between rim and plate. When of the coating material is about €0 °C to 70°C above the expected softening point, give ita final stir anc reject the first two or thiee grams, Fill the sample container about three-quarters full and allow it to cool to embient temperature | NOTE. It is convenient to fill the cylinder forthe panei the rings for tha softening point tats and the mould for ‘test atthe same th f Place the container, inverted, in a transfer dish in the ‘constant temperature water-bath (2.2.3), which is kept at ‘the temperature given in table 2 (8. Clean the penetrometer needle ( solvent, dry it and insert it into 1 Load the needle-holder to bring the *~::! moving mass to ‘that given in table 2, Placa the transfer dish (2.2.4) contain: ing the sample contsiner and filld with Water from the constant temperature water-bath on the'saole of the penetrometer. Slowly lower the needle us ‘makes contact with its image on the surface of the sample. Position the needle at least 10 mm from the edge of the dish and 10 mm from any previous hole. NOTE. A suitably placed fight ie» help in obtaining precise adjustment ofthe needle tothe sample surface. BS 4184 : 1987 Depending on the type of penetrometer used, either note the dial reading or return it to zero. Then quickly release the needle-holder. Leave it free for $ # 0.1 (E.2.7) and ‘then look it, Read the depth of penetration in tenths of a millimetre irom the seale and record it. Repeat the procedure so as to obtain five readings within the limits of repeatability given in table 1 of 8S 2000 Part 48 : 1983, It is important to ensure that the sample container dots ‘not move or rock during the test If it does move in any way, discar¢ the reading NOTE, When not in use the nese shouldbe remaved from the penetrometer and protected from eorretion and demoge. Frequent ‘xamination of the needa profite should be made to ensure hat itieae catered in £22.41. E4 Reporting Report the mean value obtained as the penetration at the siven temperature and loading. Appendix F. Determination of fiow time F.4 Apparetus FAA Zaha no. 4 viscometer, F.4.2 Partial immersion Celsius thermometer, complying with BS 593, 1.5 Stopwatch, 2 Procedure Maintain the coating material, melted as described in Q.1, 2t 230 £2°C or 240 £ 2°C (F.1.2), avoiding prolonged exposure in an open vessel. Immerse the cup of the visco meter (F.1.1) in the coating material and move it around for at least § s. Empty by holding the cup horizontally and refill. Repeat the operation. the cup above the liquid level quickly, keeping it vertical and free from draughts, and start the stop-watch {F.1.3) simultaneously. Stop the stop-watch when the stream of sample first breaks, F.3 Reporting Report the interval in seconds recorded by the stop-watch as the viscosity of the sample.{| BS 4164: 1987 a { Appendix G. Sag test “G1 Apparatus G.1.1 Oven, 6.1.2 Rule, graduated in millimetres. G2 Preperation of test specimens [5 Prepare one test plate, measuring at least 300 mmx 300 mm x 3mm, by the method described in appendix N, prime it by'the method described in appendix P end cost [with coating material prepared by tha method described in appendix G. Leave a 15 mm uncoated border around | |, four edges of the plate and draw three lines parallel wi ho [Cte edge at 75 mm intervals across the surface of the ‘eating material and continued on the uncoated surface of the plate to the edges. Draw the lines in such way that the prepared surface is not damaged. ' G3 Procedure ‘Store the plate vertically in an‘oven (G.1.1). Maintain the ‘oven at the temperature and for the period given for the appropriate grades in table 3. At the end of this period || temove the plate and allow it to cool to room temperature Measure the maximum sag of each line on the piste with ‘the rule (@.7.2), {In cases of disagreement, the manufecturer and the Purchaser shall each repeat the test on two fresh specimens. GA Reporting ort the sag of the coating mater ‘the maximum sags of the three lines as the average of | Appendix H, Lows temperature test f i. cracking and disbonding H.1 Apparatus i | | HA14 Flaw dotector, fitted with a soft metallic bristled | straight brush approximately 75 mm long and 6 m’r wide ‘with bristles 6 mm long, adjusted to provide a volvage of | ORV so arranged thet the maximum short circuit eureant isnot greeter than 8 mA. ; HAD Refrigerator, & ‘ion of test specimei For the low temperature test use the test plate thet has ‘boen used in the sag test described in appendix G. Check the coating materia! with the flaw detector (H.1.1) before refrigeration 4.3 Procedure Place the plate in the refrigerator (H.1,2) at room tempers: ture, Reduce the temperature of the refrigerator to the test ‘temperature given in table 3 in not less than 30 min and maintain that temperature for 6 h. At the end of this period remove the plate and allow it to reach room temperature, ’ 14 Examination H4.1 Cracking Examine the plate for evidence of cracking by means of the flaw detector (H.1.1). Ifthe flaw detector is not equipped ‘with voltage indication, set it to give @ 12 mm spark in air to a steel plate. Pass the flaw detector over the coated specimen at approximately 6 mm distance from the coated steel surfoce. Ignore edge effects and flaws detected before refrigerstion 8.8.2 Disbonding $.6.2.1. Examine the plate for evidence of complete loss of bond between the panel and the coating material by inserting @ knife blade uncer an exge of the coating material and levering gently. In cases of complete disbonding, ‘the complete unbroken layer of coating material becomes detached, 1.4.2.2 Examine the plate for evidence of partial loss of bond beneath the unbroken coating material by allowing the end of a wooden pencil to fal freely from 30 mm on to the coated side of the plate. Pierce hollow-sounding areas With @ knife to determine the area of detachment, Appencix J. Bend tests Apparatus JAA Warer/ice bath or refrigerator. 10v2. Preparation of specimens fo: test 2 initial i Prepare four test plates, measuring 250 mm x 100 mm x 1.5 mm, by the method described in appendix N, prime ‘them by the method described in appendix P and eoat them with coating material prepared by the method described in appendix . i 3 Procedure for the intial test 43.4 Store the plates at 0+ 1 °C in the water/ice bath (F refrigerator (J.1.1) for a minimum of 6 h. Than remove them and test them immediately. 42.2 Test the plates for deflection by supporting them (on 2 mm radils knife edges which are spsced on 249 mm cantres. Apply the deflecting load centrally across the plate by means of a 12 mm radius mandrel at the rate of 1 mm/s (%0 produce tension in the coating) until erecking ‘occurs, as indicated by an electrical flew detector operated ‘continuously as described in #.4.1, Continue the deflection t0 8 maximum distance of $8.0 mm and note the dei‘ection producing the first crack. Remove the specimen from the machine fer examination, Remove ail disbonded costing from the plate and measure the area of metal exposed on the four places, J.& Reporting for the inal test Report the following average results: | fa) the detloction producing the first crack + Gin millimetres) 1 (the disbonded are (in square millimetres). J.5 Preparation of specimens for the ‘ai‘ier sting: sir i Propare four text plates; measuring 250 nm x $9 mm x 41.5 mm, by the method describe in appendix N, prime them by the method deseribed in appendix P and coat them with coating material, which has been maintained ot the pplication temperature recommenced by the manufacturer for 2h, by the method described in @.2 to | 3S. Procedure for the ‘e221 nes vcg! test ele , Use the procedure déseribed in J.2. 2S 4164 : 1987 J.7 Rozorting for the ‘after naating’ test Report the following average results: (c) the deflection producing the first crack (in millimetres); (b) the disbonded area (in square millimetres). Appendix K. K4 Apparatus K.A4 Refrigerator K.1.2 Water bath, K.1.3 Lint-free paper towel, K.14 Stock of wood, Ks1.6 Stee! ball, weighing 630 9 to 650 9, 11.8 Rute, graduated in mitimetres. K.2 Preparation of test specimen K.2.1 Generat Prepare a test plete, measuring approximately 300 mm x 300 mm x 12.5 mm, by the method given in appendix N, prime it by the method given in appendix P and cost it with coating material prepared by the method given in ‘appendix Q) K.22 For test at 0°C Allow the plate to reach room semperature and then maintain it at a temperature of 0 £1 °C in the ‘refrigerator (K.1.4) for at least 6 h before testing, Remove the plate quickly from the refrigerator, dry it with a lint. free 2aper towel (K.1.3) if necessary and subject it to the impact test. K.23 For test at 25°C Allow the plate to reach room temperature and then maintain it at a temperature of 25 £ 1 °C in the water bath {':.1.2) for at least 30 min before testing. Remove the plate ‘uickly from the oven and subject it to the impact test,| KE Assess K3 Procedure 1.3.1 For test at 0°C ‘Support the plate on a flat horizontals of wood {.1.4), with the coated face uppermos?. Drop a {620 g to 850 q stee! ball (X.1.5) with a well polished spherical surface from a height of 2.45 m above the of the plate, so as 10 strike the coating meterial at the ‘centre of tne plate. K.3.2 For test at 25°C Proceed as in K.3.1 but drop the steel ball so as to strike ‘the coating materis! ata point approximately 100 mm ‘along the diagonal from one corner of the piste. Repeat ‘the test in each of the cther three quarters. nent and recordir. Examine the plate for evidence of disbonding by the ‘method described in H.4.2, Remove all disbonded costing, make a trace of the area disbonded and measure its area in square millimetras using the rule (K.1.8). Record the ‘area of disbonced coating for impact tests at °C and the average of the four areas of disbonded coating for impact tests at 25 °C, LA2 Watar bith, ' 1.3 Stiff scraper, with sharpened square-ended. blade of ‘proximately 20 mm wi L2 Preparation of test specimens Prepare two test plats, measuring approximately) 300 mm x 360 mm x 12.5 mm, by the method described 5; Im appendix N, prime them by the method descr in appendix P and coat them with costing material prepared by the mettiod described in appendix O. After applying the coating material, alow the plates to cool to rdom | temperature, zi |:L3 Procedure 1 Use one test plata, without further treatment, fr, the init peel test. Store the second test plate horizontally with the | costed side up, in the oven (L.4.1} at 70 +2 °C far 72h. ‘At the end of this period remove the plate, allow jt to coo! to room temperature and use it for the delayed peel test. Carry out the peel test by immersing the plate in the water bath (L.1.2) for approximately 30 min at the lowest smperature given for tie particular grade of costing ‘material in table 3. At the end of this period remove the plate from the beth ead immediately test for peel as follows. Lay the plate horizontal. Make two parallel cuts through the coating material approximately 20 mm apart end 100 mm long toward the éentre of the plate, Using the scraper (1.1.3), make a cut through the coating for the full width between the parallel eute, Wich a gentle levering action separate an approximately 15 mm long strip Of coating from the steel plate. Carefully turn the blade of the secaper and the separated coating in an upward direction until they are vertical Gripping the coating and blade between finger and thumb, ull upwards until the coating breaks. Measure the amount of peeling from the point where the separation through leverage end cutting had ceased to the line of breakage of the coating Carry out at least two tosts at each temperature. NOTE. In cate of fallures, more tests can be carried out, extending {he parae eus if nacessry and reporting the average results obtained, Repeat this procedure, making new parallel cuts, separated by at least 15 mm from the cuts for the preceding test, for each of the successive temperatures given in table 3. Appendix M. Cathodie disvondi Wi Apparatus M.A.1 Stabilized ole. power unit, having a controlled voltage output between O Vand 10 V and a current capacity sufficient to supply 20 mA simultaneously to each test site in circuit. MA.2 Digital voitmecer, range 1.999 V (3% digit, input impedance 10° MQ, accuracy 0.1 % t digit at 23+ 1 °C, Maximum offset input current not greater than 10 A, ro11A, MA.3 Voriable resistor, range 5 KS & 10%, 1 W for each test site, MAA Fixed resistor, 10 2 1%, 1W for each test site, W1.8 Fixed resistor, 510 2.2 %, 1 W for each test site 1.6 Flow detector {as décribed in H.4.1) M.A.7 Reference electrode, saturated calomel type, constructed from glass or plastics with porous piug, of diameter less than 10 mm, {4.1.8 Platinum wire, of 0.8 mm diameter, one 75 mm length for each test ste M.1.9 Rigid plastics tube, of 50 mm nominal bore, ‘one GO mm length for each test site, oO ©M.1.109 Elastomeric adhesive, for fixing the plas solution-containers to the test surface NOTE. Suitable materials ore two-part polysulphide rubber end sleone rubber. s tube S441 Twist dill, of 6 mm diameter 24.4.2 Lint-free paper towel. M2 Reegents 14.2.1. Sodium chloride solution (3 % m/V} N.2.2: Phenolphthslein acid/saze indicator. M2 Procedure Prepare one test plate, measuring at least 200 mm x 100 mm x 15 mm, by the method described !> appendix N, prime it by the method described in appendix P and coat it with coating mazerial prepared by the method dascribed in appencix Q. ‘o ensure freedom from accidental damage, test the prepared piate wich the flaw detector (1...) By the method deseribed in F estics tubes (4.1.2) perpenciicular to the 192 using asultadle elarcomecieadhecive (3. sm at @ minimum distance of 23 mm from the pana! ends and from each other with their centres on ti Centreline of the panel width. Leave overnight to aliow the achesive to cure fully, Drill a 6 mam hole through the coating meterist {3.1.71} 10 the metal surface in the centre of each test site, 28 pre: | Fal each piastics tube (0.1.9) to a depth of approximately 460 mm with sodium chloride solution (9.2.1) and com ‘the apparatuses shown in figure | Cos:vect the voltmeter (M.1.2) as shown in figure 8 and, | wih the porous tip ofthe reference electrode (2.1.7) | placed within 10 mm of the hole in the coating material, adjust the variable resistor (M.1.2) until the voltmeter reads ~1.500 V with respect to the calomel eletiode At intervals of 24 h record the voltmeter readings the variable rsistor to earrect any drift from | sett | Continue the test for 28 days, maintaining th j 20 £5 °C. After this period asessdisbonei {tos sites by the method described in | the bonding by the method deseribed i adjust OV ‘temperature at beth BAA Assessment Tat Remove the plastics tube from each test site anc! wipe along the surface of the coating using 2 lint-ree paper towel 4.12) and cathode area material. 13 BS 4164 : 1987 ‘Make ‘wo parallel incisions throuigh the coating and 12.5 mm apart across the panel so as to Include the pre- amage area, The cuts should extend £0 mm on each side of the predamage eres. Using a square ended pallet knife insert it into the centre portion of the predamage area, be~.-ven the parallel euts, sown to the metal. Using a gentle ievering action, lft the Strip of eoatins, if possible, with a slow reelin; «sion and ‘then grip the coating between the blade and thumb and continue the peeling action until the costing braske. Repeat the peeling test in the opposite direction and then t the procedure at an angle of 90° to the first test. ‘Azaly one spot of phenolphthalein acie/base indicator (34.2.2) to the exposed metal surface at the outside edge and allow it to flow towards the predamaged aret ‘The purple boundary indicates the extent of disbonding. M5 Reporting Report the extent of disbonding as the average distance in millimetres from the edges of the predamaged areas. Aiieznatively, if the coating is strongly adherens to the steel substrate, take the average distance st which the coating breeks as the extent of disbonding. appendices G, IM, a8 follows, First free the surface of the steel plate from ail oil end grease. Then blest it to a uniform steel grey finish, removing rust, scale and ail other foreign matter t0 the second quality standard of BS 4232, and so that the peak to trough profite is 75 + 25 ym. NOTE 1. This quality level is roughly equivalent to the near-hite standard ofthe Stel Struecures Painting Counel! (USA) end the ‘88 2% standard of the Swacish stancard SIS 93 5900. NOTE 2. is important to ensure that bated steel curtaces ae {ee from traces of previous coating materials and do not subae- Pa Appereius PAA Clean flat bristle brush, of 23 men width,ith | 88 4164 1997 ===] DE valtage supaly (platinum), Usteet test panel (cathode) Pt ai Steel test Panel {cathode} node— Voltmeter 14 XY‘After preparing the steel surfaces by the method described in appendix N, prime them using the sppropziate primer specified in clause 3. ‘Apply the primer with the clean flat bristle brush (P.1.1), ‘0 the plates lying horizontally. Apply the primer at rate of coverage recommended by the manssfacturer in such a manner that the surface is uniformly covered with an even filma free from air bubbles. ‘Allow the primer to dry zt an air temperature of not less than 15 °C, in 2 well veniiiated atmosphere heving a relative humidity not greater than 60 %. ‘When the film is hard dry, apply coating plate by the method described in eppend’ Q, not less than ‘Th after applying the primer. poarch Gout Container and lid, of unifarm cross section and of Glameter not ies than 180 mn er more tren SOO mm. ak 2 kg to 18 kg of the coating material, eccording to ‘hummber of tests required, into pieces not greeter than [50 mim in size, Melt the pieces In the container (@.1.1). NOTE 4, Heating may be by any eonveniant method such at fluidized or liquid bath eloetric hozplat o” ga. Hest the container so that the coating material reaches the application temperature recommended by the manufactur ‘within 2 h, If gos is used, intorpose a steel plete of not less than 6 mr thickness between the coniteiner and the ses flame, Stir the materiel frequently until it reaches the application ‘tempersture recommended by the manufacturer, replacing [the lid betwuen stirs. Immecia‘aly it has zeached the | epplicetion temperature, pour the coating material over the ‘primed surface of each plate, held horizontally and et @ temperature between 15 °C and 30°C, in such a manner [that fresh enamel constantly strikes the specimen surface. ‘Apply the coating material x0 a thickness of“ 2.5 mm to each test specimen. [NOTE 2. tis convenient to aclust co this shicknossimmadiatly ‘after coating by swaeping ff the surplus ht enamel with s ‘warmed blade moved along gue als set forthe required thicknes . ren to 8S 4164 ; 1987 For the ‘after heating’ bend tests, maintain a depth of not tess than 100 mm of enamel at the application temperature recommended by the manufacturer. 1f there is insufficient ‘enamel left after coating the remainder of the plates, ‘add further pioces of anarnel and bring the contents of the ‘container back.to the application temperature, During the 2 h heating period, stir the enamel with a metal bar at, intervals of 15 min. Then apply the costing material. 3 onthe use Of coaliag mansiie.e Coating materials are heavy-duty products for application at a minimum thickness of 2.4 mm to provide long term protection undergrours’ and In submarine installations. ‘Thay are applied to iron and steel used over a wide range of service temperatures. They are particularly suitable for flood-coating previously primed products. Agitation of costing materials in the molten state is necessary to prevent settling of the fille When these materials are applied externally to pipes it is usual to incorporate one or more reinzorcing iayers of inert fabric. {Al materials should be applied in accordance with the marisfacturer’s instructions. Care should be exercised ‘to ensure there is no mixing of material from different soutces or of different types. In particular, it should be recognized that the chemical and physical characteristics ff bitumen-based coatings differ from those of coal-tr. bbased coatings and that the two Xinds of coating should not be blended in protective coatings. itis also essential ‘9 clean cut plant shoroughly when the use of coal-tar ‘coating materials follows that of bitumen coating materials, S. Scidance on the eppiication atures of coating For application by flooding or other means, the tempera ture of the coating material should be such that the viscosity is controlled to give the thickness of coating required, and nat so high as to cause excessive fuming. No grade of material should be heated above the maximum application tempe-ature given in table 4. In general, materials of higher softening point or lower penetration are intended for use under higher temperature conditions. Grade 105/15 is suitable at normal and lower than normal ambient temperatures in temperate climates. 15‘tions a degree Of hardening will occur early in uso! The manufecturer of the product sh ‘consulted as to its suitability under particu Table 4. Apoiieation temper Grade of costing materist | Maxienum epuitsatica samperature °c 105/15 250 1085/8 230 120/58 260