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PELAJARAN Bootsrap Lengkap AMIK IMELDA PDF
PELAJARAN Bootsrap Lengkap AMIK IMELDA PDF
Husein Alatas
CV. LOKOMEDIA
Proyek Membangun Responsive Web Design dengan
Bootstrap 3 dan 4
Perpustakaan Nasional : Katalog Dalam Terbitan (KDT)
Penulis : Husein Alatas
Proyek Membangun Responsive Web Design dengan Bootstrap 3 & 4
- Cet. I. - Yogyakarta : Penerbit Lokomedia, 2015
350 halaman; 14 x 21 cm
ISBN : 978-602-71905-6-6
Penerbit Lokomedia,
Cetakan Pertama : Oktober 2015
email : redaksi@bukulokomedia.com
website : www.bukulokomedia.com
ii
UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH
Dan juga,
Muhammad Ridho,
Fatimah Azzahra, dan
Ahmad Faqih
Sumber Inspirasi
dan Pendorong Semangat
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Halaman ini Sengaja Dikosongkan
www.bukulokomedia.com
iv
KATA PENGANTAR
Pada tahun 2008, Mary Meeker, seorang analis dari kantor Konsultan Kleiner
Perkins Caufield Byers (KPCB) membuat sebuah ramalan yang menghebohkan
di media masa, yaitu bahwa akses internet dari mobil devices (handphone, tablet,
phablet, dan sejenisnya) akan mengalahkan akses dari PC pada tahun 2014.
Sejak saat itu, berbagai riset meunjukkan akses internet menggunakan mobile
device semakin bertambah seperti riset yang dilakukan oleh GSMA Inteligent
membuktikan bahwa di tahun 2012 saja akses dari mobile device per populasi
penduduk di seluruh bagian dunia telah meninggalkan jauh persentase jumlah
akses internet via PC (https://gsmaintelligence.com/research/2014/02/gauging-
the-relationship-between-fixed-and-mobile-penetration/414/).
Semakin banyaknya mobile device yang digunakan ditambah dengan semakin
mudah, semakin cepat dan semakin murahnya akses internet telah membuat
perubahan dalam gaya hidup manusia. Sebuah riset di USA menunjukkan pada
tahun 2015 ini, akses dari mobile device ke digital media sudah mencapai 60%.
Meningkatknya akses internet dari mobile phone dan tablet ini, menimbulkan
budaya baru dan juga kebutuhan baru, antara lain adalah tersedianya website
yang tetap tampil elegan walau dibuka dengan mobile phone tersebut. Atau
dengan perkataan lain, tersedianya website yang responsive terhadap ukuran
layar mobile phone, bahkan Google sendiri menyatakan bahwa responsive web
merupakan cara terbaik untuk membuat website bagi mobil device (http://www.
developers.google.com/webmasters/smartphone-sites/).
Buku ini membahas tentang salah satu Framework yang paling populer untuk
pembuatan responsive website tersebut, yaitu Bootstrap. Dengan Bootstrap,
Anda akan mampu membangun responsive website dalam waktu yang singkat,
tidak perlu pusing kepala dengan segala macam teknik CSS untuk merespon
ukuran layar dari mobile device yang digunakan untuk mengakses web tersebut.
Akhir kata, semoga buku ini bermanfaat bagi kita semua.
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Halaman ini Sengaja Dikosongkan
www.bukulokomedia.com
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DAFTAR ISI
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BAB 3. Tipografi, Kode, Tabel dan Form.....................................................33
3.1. Tipografi (Seni Huruf)................................................................................34
3.1.1. Heading (Judul)................................................................................34
3.1.2. Body Copy.......................................................................................35
3.1.3. Lead Body Copy..............................................................................36
3.1.4. Inline Text Element..........................................................................36
3.1.5. Text Alignment (Meratakan Teks)...................................................39
3.1.6. Singkatan..........................................................................................39
3.1.7. Mengubah Bentuk Teks...................................................................40
3.1.8. Addresses (Menampilkan Alamat)..................................................41
3.1.9. Blockquotes (Kutipan Teks)............................................................41
3.1.10. List (Daftar)....................................................................................43
3.2. Beragam Tag Penampil Kode.....................................................................47
3.3. Table............................................................................................................50
3.3.1. Markup Table yang Didukung Bootstrap........................................50
3.3.2. Style Dasar Markup Table...............................................................51
3.3.3. Class Tambahan untuk Markup Table.............................................52
3.4. Form (Formulir)..........................................................................................54
3.4.1. Style Dasar Form.............................................................................54
3.4.2. Pilihan Layout untuk Form..............................................................55
3.4.3. Elemen Form Control yang Didukung Bootstrap...........................58
3.4.4. Form Control States.........................................................................63
3.4.5. Mengatur Ukuran Elemen Form.....................................................68
3.4.6. Help Text..........................................................................................72
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4.1.1. Tombol Standar (Default Button)....................................................74
4.1.2. Pilihan Tampilan Tombol.................................................................74
4.1.3. Ukuran Tombol................................................................................75
4.1.4. Status Tombol Aktif.........................................................................77
4.1.5. Tombol Tidak Aktif (Disabled).......................................................78
4.2. Gambar (Image)..........................................................................................79
4.2.1. Responsive Image............................................................................79
4.2.2. Bentuk Tampilan Gambar................................................................81
4.3. Class Bantu (Helper Class).........................................................................81
4.3.1. Contextual Colors............................................................................81
4.3.2. Contextual Backgrounds..................................................................83
4.3.3. Close Icon.........................................................................................83
4.3.4. Caret Icon.........................................................................................85
4.3.5. Quick Floats.....................................................................................85
4.3.6. Center Content Blocks.....................................................................86
4.3.7. Clearfix.............................................................................................86
4.3.8. Menampilkan dan Menyembunyikan Konten................................86
4.3.9. Screen Reader and Keyboard Navigation Content.........................87
4.3.10. Menyembunyikan Teks (Image Replacement).............................88
4.4. Class Bantu Responsive (Responsive Utilities).........................................88
4.4.1. Class-Class Tampilan.......................................................................88
4.4.2. Class-Class untuk Pencetakan (Print Classes)................................90
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5.2. Dropdown Menu.........................................................................................96
5.2.1. Dropdown Menu Dasar...................................................................96
5.2.2. Dropdown Menu Rata Kanan..........................................................98
5.2.3. Membuat Header Menu...................................................................99
5.2.4. Pemisah Menu (Divider).................................................................99
5.2.5. Menu Tidak Aktif (Disabled Menu)..............................................100
5.3. Button Group (Kelompok Tombol)..........................................................101
5.3.1. Single Button Group......................................................................101
5.3.2. Multiple Button Group (Button Toolbar)......................................102
5.3.3. Vertical Button Group....................................................................102
5.3.4. Justified Button Group...................................................................103
5.3.5. Ukuran Tombol dalam Button Group...........................................105
5.3.6. Percabangan (Nesting) Button Group...........................................107
5.4. Menampilkan Dropdown Menu dengan Tombol....................................108
5.4.1. Dropdown Menu dengan Tombol Tunggal...................................108
5.4.2. Dropdown Menu dengan Tombol Terpisah..................................109
5.4.3. Ukuran Tombol Dropdown............................................................110
5.4.4. Dropup Menus...............................................................................110
5.5. Kelompok Input (Input Group)................................................................112
5.5.1. Menambahkan Simbol ke dalam Elemen Input............................112
5.5.2. Menambahkan Elemen Radio dan Checkbox...............................113
5.5.3. Menambahkan Tombol..................................................................113
5.5.4. Ukuran Kelompok Input................................................................114
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6.1.2. Pill Dasar........................................................................................119
6.1.3. Justified Tab dan Pill......................................................................119
6.1.4. Membuat Link Tampak Tidak Aktif (Disabled)...........................120
6.1.5. Tab dan Pill dengan Dropdown Menu..........................................121
6.2. Navigation Bar (NavBar)..........................................................................123
6.2.1. NavBar Dasar.................................................................................124
6.2.2. Elemen-Elemen didalam NavBar..................................................125
6.2.3. Memposisikan Elemen didalam NavBar......................................130
6.2.4. Posisi NavBar.................................................................................132
6.2.5. Inverted NavBar.............................................................................134
6.3. Breadcrumbs.............................................................................................135
6.4. Pagination..................................................................................................136
6.4.1. Pagination Standar.........................................................................136
6.4.2. Variasi pada Pagination Standar....................................................137
6.5. Pager..........................................................................................................139
6.5.1. Pager Standar.................................................................................139
6.5.2. Posisi Elemen Pager.......................................................................139
6.5.3. Elemen Pager Tidak Aktif (Disabled)...........................................140
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7.6.2. Alert dengan Link..........................................................................148
7.7. Progress Bar..............................................................................................149
7.7.1. Progress Bar Dasar.........................................................................149
7.7.2. Progress Bar dengan Label............................................................150
7.7.3. Progress Bar Bergaris (Striped).....................................................151
7.7.4. Progress Bar Bergerak (Animated)...............................................152
7.7.5. Progress Bar Bertumpuk (Stacked)...............................................152
7.7.6. Variasi Penggunaan Warna pada Progress Bar.............................153
7.8. Media Object.............................................................................................155
7.8.1. Media Object Standar....................................................................156
7.8.2. Variasi Posisi Media.......................................................................157
7.8.3. Media List......................................................................................158
7.9. List Group.................................................................................................159
7.9.1. List Group Dasar............................................................................160
7.9.2. List Group dengan Badge..............................................................160
7.9.3. List Group Berisi Anchor Link......................................................161
7.9.4. List Group Berisi Elemen Tombol................................................162
7.9.5. Membuat Elemen List Group Tidak Aktif (Disabled)..................163
7.9.6. Menambahkan Elemen Lainnya....................................................164
7.9.7. Variasi Warna Tampilan Elemen didalam List Group..................164
7.10. Panel........................................................................................................166
7.10.1. Panel Dasar...................................................................................166
7.10.2. Panel dengan Header...................................................................167
7.10.3. Panel dengan Footer....................................................................167
7.10.4. Panel Berisi Tabel........................................................................168
7.10.5. Panel Berisi List Group...............................................................169
7.10.6. Variasi Warna Panel.....................................................................170
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7.11. Responsive Embed..................................................................................171
7.12. Well..........................................................................................................172
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8.7.2. Efek Tab Memudar (Fade).............................................................194
8.7.3. Tab Methods...................................................................................194
8.7.4. Tab Events......................................................................................194
8.8. Plugin Tooltip............................................................................................195
8.8.1. Cara Menggunakan Tooltip...........................................................196
8.8.2. Tooltip Options...............................................................................196
8.8.3. Tooltip Methods.............................................................................198
8.8.4. Tooltip Events................................................................................198
8.9. Plugin Popover..........................................................................................199
8.9.1. Cara Menggunakan Popover.........................................................199
8.9.2. Efek Popover Menghilang (Dismissable Popover)......................200
8.9.3. Popover Options.............................................................................200
8.9.4. Popover Methods...........................................................................202
8.9.5. Popover Events..............................................................................202
8.10. Plugin Alert.............................................................................................203
8.10.1. Cara Menggunakan Alert.............................................................204
8.10.2. Alert Methods...............................................................................204
8.10.3. Alert Event...................................................................................204
8.11. Plugin Button...........................................................................................205
8.11.1. Loading State Button...................................................................205
8.11.2. Single Toggle Button...................................................................206
8.11.3. Checkbox Style Button (Tombol Bergaya Checkbox)...............206
8.11.4. Radio Style Button (Tombol Bergaya Radio).............................207
8.11.5. Cara Menggunakan Button..........................................................208
8.11.6. Button Methods............................................................................208
8.12. Plugin Collapse.......................................................................................209
8.12.1. Beberapa Contoh Penggunaan Collapse.....................................209
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8.12.2. Cara Menggunakan Collapse......................................................211
8.12.3. Collapse Options..........................................................................212
8.12.4. Collapse Methods........................................................................213
8.13. Plugin Carousel.......................................................................................214
8.13.1. Cara Menggunakan Carousel......................................................215
8.13.2. Carousel Options..........................................................................217
8.13.3. Carousel Methods........................................................................217
8.13.4. Carousel Events...........................................................................218
8.14. Plugin Affix.............................................................................................218
8.14.1. Cara Menggunakan Affix............................................................220
8.14.2. Affix Options................................................................................220
8.14.3. Affix Methods..............................................................................221
8.14.4. Affix Events..................................................................................221
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9.4.1. Menyiapkan Elemen-Elemen HTML5.........................................246
9.4.2. Menyisipkan Grid System Bootstrap............................................249
9.4.3. Menyisipkan Komponen Bootstrap dan Teks...............................252
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11.1.3. Perubahan pada Tipografi............................................................281
11.1.4. Perubahan pada Elemen Table.....................................................281
11.1.5. Perubahan pada Elemen Form.....................................................282
11.1.6. Perubahan pada Komponen CSS Non-Javascript.......................282
11.1.7. Perubahan pada Komponen Javascript Plugin............................283
11.2. Perubahan pada Template Dasar.............................................................283
11.3. Perubahan pada Satuan Ukuran Px ke Rem dan Em.............................284
11.4. Grid System pada Bootstrap 4................................................................286
11.5. Class Bantu Responsive (Responsive Utilities).....................................286
11.6. Styling pada Elemen-Elemen HTML5..................................................287
11.6.1. Styling Elemen HTML5 yang dihapus Bootstrap 4...................287
11.6.2. Styling Elemen HTML5 di Bootstrap 3.3.5 yang Masih Digunakan
di Bootstrap 4..............................................................................287
11.6.3. Styling Elemen HTML5 yang Berubah di Bootstrap 4..............289
11.6.3.1. Elemen List.....................................................................280
11.6.3.2. Elemen Table...................................................................290
11.6.4. Elemen Form...............................................................................295
11.6.4.1. Klasifikasi Elemen Pembentuk Form.............................296
11.6.4.2. Layout (Tata Letak) Elemen Form.................................297
11.6.4.3. Menyembunyikan Label.................................................300
11.6.4.4. Variasi Tampilan Elemen Checkbox dan Radio............301
11.6.4.5. Menon-Aktifkan (Disabled) Elemen form-control........304
11.6.4.6. Readonly Input................................................................305
11.6.4.7. Mengatur Ukuran Elemen Form....................................306
11.6.4.8. Status Hasil Validasi........................................................308
11.6.4.9. Custom Form...................................................................309
11.6.5. Styling Elemen HTML5 yang Baru di Bootstrap 4....................313
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BAB 12. Bonus: Komponen Bootstrap 4....................................................315
12.1. Komponen Bootstrap 3.3.5 yang Dihapus.............................................316
12.2. Komponen Bootstrap 3.3.5 yang Tidak Berubah..................................316
12.3. Komponen Bootstrap 3.3.5 yang Berubah.............................................318
12.3.1. Dropdown Menu..........................................................................318
12.3.2. Komponen Navigasi....................................................................319
12.3.3. Pewarnaan Navigation Bar (NavBar).........................................325
12.3.4. Komponen Pager.........................................................................327
12.3.5. Komponen Label.........................................................................328
12.3.6. Komponen Jumbotron.................................................................328
12.3.7. Progress Bar.................................................................................329
12.4. Komponen Card......................................................................................332
12.4.1. Markup Dasar Card......................................................................332
12.4.2. Header dan Footer Card...............................................................333
12.4.3. Berbagai Ragam Isi Komponen Card.........................................335
12.4.4. Mengatur Lebar Komponen Card...............................................339
12.4.5. Meratakan Teks pada Komponen Card.......................................342
12.4.6. Image Caps...................................................................................343
12.4.7. Image Overlays............................................................................343
12.4.8. Inverted Text................................................................................345
12.4.9. Variasi Warna Latar Belakang.....................................................345
12.4.10.Card Groups................................................................................346
12.4.11. Card Deck...................................................................................347
12.4.12. Card Column..............................................................................348
Daftar Pustaka................................................................................................351
Lampiran.........................................................................................................355
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BAB I
Mengenal Bootstrap
BAB 1
Mengenal Bootstrap
<h1>Hello, world!</h1>
</body>
</html>
Penjelasan Skrip:
<htmllang=”en”>, menunjukan bahwa Bahasa yang digunakan oleh situs ini
adalah Bahasa Inggris, jika kita menggunakan Bahasa Indonesia maka kita
<title>Bootstrap Template</title>
Apabila skripnya dijalankan di browser, maka akan tampil seperti gambar 1.4.
Jadi, ada tiga hal utama untuk mengubah template dasar HTML5 menjadi
template dasar Bootstrap, yaitu:
1. Tambahkan link ke file bootstrap dan file bootstrap theme:
<link href=”css/bootstrap.min.css” rel=”stylesheet”>
<link href=”css/bootstrap-theme.min.css” rel=”stylesheet”>
Elemen html ini kita gunakan untuk me-link ke file css bootstrap. Dan kita
letakkan diatas baris atau elemen yang memanggil skrip dalam file html5shiv.
min.js dan respond.min.js.
Sedangkan link ke file css bootstrap theme merupakan option (tambahan),
jadi boleh digunakan atau tidak.
2. Tambahkan link ke file jquery:
<script src=”https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/
jquery/1.11.2/jquery.min.js”></script>