7.

Trends of using resources can you predict in the near future

in Vietnam?
Mainly: Renewable and Clean Energy that are environmental-
friendly.
Vietnam has the potential to develop its available renewable sources. Renewable and
renewable sources of renewable energy include: small hydropower, wind energy,
biomass energy, biogas energy, biofuels, energy from domestic waste, solar power,
and geothermal energy.
Small hydropower is considered to be the most economically feasible form of
renewable energy. Based on the assessment reports, the most recent currently has
over 1,000 places have been identified with potential for small hydro power, 100kW
to 30MW scale from the total capacity put on 7.000MW, positions This is mainly
concentrated in the Northern Mountains, the South Central Coast and the Central
Highlands.
Wind energy: is considered as a potential country for wind power development but
current data on wind power potential of Vietnam has not been fully quantified
because of lack of survey and measurement. Evaluations of wind energy potential are
quite large, ranging from 1,800MW to over 9,000MW, even over 100,000MW.
According to reports, the wind potential of Vietnam is most concentrated in the
Central Coast, South, Central Highlands and islands.
Biomass energy: As an agricultural country, Vietnam has great potential for biomass
energy. The main biomass types are: energy wood, waste - crop residues, livestock
waste, municipal waste and other organic wastes. The ability to sustainably exploit
biomass for energy production in Vietnam is about 150 million tons per year. Some
types of biomass can be exploited even technically to produce electricity or applied
cogeneration energy (producing both electricity and heat) were: Husk in Mekong
Delta, Bagasse surplus excess of sugar mills, domestic waste in big cities, livestock
waste from cattle farms, households and other organic wastes from agro-forestry-
seafood processing.
Solar: Vietnam has the potential for solar energy, which can be exploited for: (i) hot
water, (ii) electricity generation and (iii) cooking ... With a total sunshine hours of up
to 2,500 hours a year, the average annual radiation volume of about 230-250 kcal /
cm2 in the direction of increasing to the south is a good basis for the development of
solar technology.
Geothermal energy: Although geothermal resources have not been investigated and
calculated. However, the latest survey and assessment data show that the geothermal
potential in Vietnam can be exploited to over 300MW. The area that can be effectively
exploited is the Central. At present, the use of renewable energy in Vietnam is mainly
biomass energy in raw form for household cooking. In 2010, consumption reached
nearly 13 million tons of oil. In addition to the use of biomass for heat demand, there
is another amount of renewable energy being exploited for power generation.
According to the latest data up to 2010, the total electricity generated from the forms
of renewable energy supplied to the national grid is nearly 2,000 million kWh,
accounting for about 2% of total electricity output to the grid system.

Attracting Sustainable FDI sources:

CLEAN FDI RECOVERY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAMESE
ECONOMIC SITUATION

Complete the policy mechanism on clean FDI management.

- To perfect the legal system on environmental protection. A consistent vertical
management system should be in place to better manage environmental protection
in each facility, inside and outside the industrial park. Apart from concretizing the law
provisions and considering the rationality of some environmental norms, it is
necessary to improve the effectiveness of the Law on Environmental Protection.
Regulators should provide legal information to FDI enterprises, and advise
enterprises on environmental law enforcement.
- Have policies and incentives for clean FDI. Based on some basic criteria to
evaluate a company to implement the best environmental solutions such as:
- Operate with high global environmental standards.
- Actively engage with local partners.
- Transfer of environmentally friendly skills and technologies to partners in the
host country.
- Ensure that the host country receives reasonable benefits in FDI, especially in
the areas of natural resources.
- The management of FDI as well as environmental management should be
consulted on a list of guidelines developed by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) in
order to identify the best environmental practices of the FDI businesses.

Enhance the role of state management and social participation.

In the area of environmentally sustainable FDI, the role of the government is often
expressed in two aspects, namely, policy and arbitration in environmental conflicts
between industry and people to control environmental pollution. schools and
protection of human living conditions.

Promote and encourage the participation of the whole society.

In the investment environment protection. Experience has shown that the role
of communities and civil society organizations is important in harmonizing economic,
social and environmental benefits. According to current trends in the world,
consumers can pressure FDI enterprises to pay more attention to their environmental
performance. The communities where FDI enterprises operate may put pressure on
businesses to improve their environmental performance.
Charges or taxes on businesses that pollute the environment.
In order to develop a sustainable development mechanism, many studies have
suggested the need to integrate environmental costs into the national accounts
system, ie monetary valuations for environmental degradation such as pollution
contaminate and deplete natural resources. In the face of air, water or land pollution,
the government has a number of options for balancing the need for a cleaner
environment with the economic costs of cleaning up the environment. .

Regulation of pollution limits.

In the coming time, it is necessary to implement market-based pollution
control measures by issuing pollution quotas and regulating the amount of waste
discharged into the environment for enterprises. To do this requires Vietnam to have
a team of environmental experts to be able to determine which emissions and how
much volume is allowed to be discharged into the environment. Besides, it is a truly
transparent organization so that there is no negative impact on the issue of quota
trading.

Solutions in the FDI investment process.

In choosing the investment partner. Priority should be given to FDI business
partners from developed countries with high environmental standards, where strict
regulations on environmental work are in place. These enterprises, in addition to
their ability to use clean technologies, often adopt better environmental management
practices, can be closely linked to FDI and host economies, especially through the
transfer of knowledge and clean technology to local subcontractors.
Institutionalization of economic instruments should be institutionalized to encourage
FDI enterprises to be more environmentally friendly, otherwise the enterprise would
not have violated the environmental standards, without trying to find a way.

Reduce total waste and apply effective preventive measures.

In the field of investment licensing, attention should be paid only to projects
that exploit natural resources of high technology, good management and prestige,
minimizing the licensing of projects. There are serious risks of causing serious
environmental pollution to invest in Vietnam such as paper production, steel projects
... which are not suitable with Vietnam's development planning, creating too big
surplus capacity. prospects for exploitation and use. In the investment planning stage,
it is necessary to plan according to the growth of domestic incomes, the development
of FDI to calculate the market capacity for the products, and to make a reasonable
number of projects.

Investment promotion measures.

 It is necessary to organize investment promotion conferences for foreign
investors in order to provide information on the investment environment and to
provide opportunities for direct exchanges with investors operating in Vietnam.
investment environment of Vietnam.

Climate Change policies in Vietnam:

On December 2, 2008, the Prime Minister signed the Decision No. 158 establishing
the National Target Program to respond to climate change with the total budget of
nearly 2 trillion VND to implement 7 task groups, including: climate change; develop
scenarios on climate change and sea level rise; Develop and implement a scientific
and technological program on climate change; strengthening organizational capacity,
institutions and policies on climate change; raise awareness and train human
resources; strengthening international cooperation capacity; Develop a standard
framework to integrate climate change issues into the development and
implementation of socio-economic development projects and projects; Develop and
implement an action plan to cope with climate change. All these tasks are carried out
in a coordinated way at both central and local levels.

On August 30, 2012, Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung signed Decision No. 1138
approving the National Target Program to respond to climate change in the period
2012-2015. At the same time, the Prime Minister approved the list of 22 projects
implementing this program, divided into 3 groups: assessment of the level of climate
change and sea level rise; develop action plans to respond to climate change; capacity
building, communication, and monitoring of program implementation. The above-
mentioned program is assigned to the Ministry of Natural Resources and
Environment.

During this period, develop a national action plan to cope with climate change, action
plans of ministries, sectors and localities in responding to climate change. To build a
sea level rise monitoring system to serve the socio-economic development planning
in the context of sea level rise. Developing map of flood, natural disaster and climate
according to the scenario associated with geographic information system. Focus on
key areas frequently hit by natural disasters, which are highly influenced by sea level
rise. Climate change scenarios are regularly updated to suit reality and predict the
future to take measures to reduce the damage to the lowest level. In the period 2012-
2015, the budget for implementation of the climate change response program is over
VND 1,770 billion.