A.

Penurunan Formula Interpolasi Bessel

Formula interpolasi bessel diturunkan dari formula interpolasi gauss maju. Karena data
yang dicari sama-sama berada di 𝑥−[𝑛] hingga 𝑥[𝑛+1] .
2 2

 Formula Interpolasi Gauss Maju

𝑃𝑛(𝑥) = 𝑓0 + (1𝑠 )∆𝑓0 + (2𝑠 )∆2 𝑓−1 + (𝑠+1

3
)∆3 𝑓−1 + (𝑠+1
4
)∆4 𝑓−2 + ⋯
𝑥−𝑥0
Dengan 𝑠 = ; ℎ = 𝑥𝑖+1 − 𝑥𝑖
ℎ

Dengan tabel beda untuk interpolasi sebagai berikut:

𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) ∆𝑓(𝑥) ∆2 𝑓(𝑥) ∆3 𝑓(𝑥) ∆4 𝑓(𝑥) ∆5 𝑓(𝑥) ∆6 𝑓(𝑥)

𝑥−3 𝑓−3
∆𝑓−3
𝑥−2 𝑓−2 ∆2 𝑓−3
∆𝑓−2 ∆3 𝑓−3
𝑥−1 𝑓−1 ∆2 𝑓−2 ∆4 𝑓−3
∆𝑓−1 ∆ 𝑓−23 ∆5 𝑓−3
𝑥0 𝑓0 ∆2 𝑓−1 ∆4 𝑓−2 ∆6 𝑓−3
3 5
∆𝑓0 ∆ 𝑓−1 ∆ 𝑓−2
2 4
𝑥1 𝑓1 ∆ 𝑓0 ∆ 𝑓−1
∆𝑓1 ∆3 𝑓0
𝑥2 𝑓2 ∆2 𝑓1
∆𝑓2
𝑥3 𝑓3

Dari tabel diperoleh:

 ∆𝑓0 = 𝑓1 − 𝑓0
𝑓0 = 𝑓1 − ∆𝑓0

 ∆3 𝑓−1 = ∆2 𝑓0 − ∆2 𝑓−1
∆2 𝑓−1 = ∆2 𝑓0 − ∆3 𝑓−1

 ∆5 𝑓−2 = ∆4 𝑓−1 − ∆4 𝑓−2

∆4 𝑓−2 = ∆4 𝑓−1 − ∆5 𝑓−2

𝑃𝑛(𝑥) = 𝑓0 + (1𝑠 )∆𝑓0 + (2𝑠 )∆2 𝑓−1 + (𝑠+1

3
)∆3 𝑓−1 + (𝑠+1
4
)∆4 𝑓−2 + ⋯

𝑓 𝑓 (2𝑠 )∆2 𝑓−1 (2𝑠 )∆2 𝑓−1 (𝑠+1 4

4 )∆ 𝑓−2
𝑃𝑛(𝑥) = ( 20 + 20 ) + (1𝑠 )∆𝑓0 + ( + ) + (𝑠+1
3
)∆3 𝑓−1 + ( +
2 2 2
(𝑠+1 4
4 )∆ 𝑓−2
)+⋯
2
 𝑓 𝑓1 −∆𝑓0 (2𝑠 )∆2 𝑓−1 (2𝑠 )∆2 𝑓0 −(2𝑠 )∆3 𝑓−1
𝑃𝑛(𝑥) = ( 20 + ( )) + (1𝑠 )∆𝑓0 + ( +( )) + (𝑠+1
3
)∆3 𝑓−1 +
2 2 2

(𝑠+1 4
4 )∆ 𝑓−2 (𝑠+1 4 𝑠+1 5
4 )∆ 𝑓−1 +( 4 )∆ 𝑓−2
( +( )) + ⋯
2 2

𝑓0 +𝑓1 1 (2𝑠 )∆2 𝑓−1 (2𝑠 )∆2 𝑓0 −(2𝑠 )

𝑃𝑛(𝑥) = ( ) + (− 2 + (1𝑠 )) ∆𝑓0 + ( + )+( + (𝑠+1
3
)) ∆3 𝑓−1 +
2 2 2 3
(𝑠+1 4
4 )∆ 𝑓−2 (𝑠+1 4
4 )∆ 𝑓−1
( + )+⋯
2 2

𝑓0 +𝑓1 −1+(1𝑠 )+(1𝑠 ) ∆2 𝑓0 +∆2 𝑓−1 −(2𝑠 )+(𝑠+1 𝑠+1

3 )+( 3 )
𝑃𝑛(𝑥) = ( )+( ) ∆𝑓0 + (2𝑠 ) ( )+( ) ∆3 𝑓−1 +
2 2 2 2
∆4 𝑓−1 +∆4 𝑓−2
(𝑠+1
4
)( )+⋯
2

𝑓0 +𝑓1 (𝑠−1 𝑠
1 )+(1) ∆2 𝑓0 +∆2 𝑓−1 (3𝑠 )+(𝑠+1
3 )
𝑃𝑛(𝑥) = ( )+( ) ∆𝑓0 + (2𝑠 ) ( )+( ) ∆3 𝑓−1 +
2 2 2 2
∆4 𝑓−1 +∆4 𝑓−2
(𝑠+1
4
)( )+⋯
2

Maka diperoleh formula umum untuk interpolasi bessel:

𝑓0 + 𝑓1 (𝑠−1
1
) + (1𝑠 ) 𝑠 ∆2 𝑓0 + ∆2 𝑓−1 (3𝑠 ) + (𝑠+1
3
) 3
𝑃𝑛(𝑥) = ( )+( ) ∆𝑓0 + ( ) ( )+( ) ∆ 𝑓−1
2 2 2 2 2
𝑠 + 1 ∆4 𝑓−1 + ∆4 𝑓−2
+( )( )+⋯
4 2
𝑛−2 ∆𝑛 𝑓 𝑛−2 +∆𝑛 𝑓 𝑛
−⌈ ⌉ −⌈ ⌉
(𝑠+⌈𝑛 2 ⌉) 2 2
; 𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑝
2
𝑛−2 𝑛
𝑠+⌊ 2 ⌋ 𝑠+⌊ ⌋
( 𝑛
)+( 𝑛2 )
∆𝑛 𝑓−⌊𝑛⌋ ; 𝑛 𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑗𝑖𝑙
{ 2 2

Perhatikan bahwa:
𝑠+𝑗 (𝑠 + 𝑗)(𝑠 + 𝑗 − 1)(𝑠 + 𝑗 − 2) … (𝑠 + 𝑗 − 𝑘 + 1)
( )=
𝑘 𝑘!
B. Contoh Soal
 Metode Interpolasi Bessel
𝑓0 +𝑓1 (𝑠−1 𝑠
1 )+(1) ∆2 𝑓0 +∆2 𝑓−1 (3𝑠 )+(𝑠+1
3 )
𝑃5 (𝑥) = ( )+( ) ∆𝑓0 + (2𝑠 ) ( )+( ) ∆3 𝑓−1 +
2 2 2 2
∆4 𝑓−1 +∆4 𝑓−2 (𝑠+1 𝑠+2
5 )+( 5 )
(𝑠+1
4
)( )+( ) ∆5 𝑓−2
2 2

3704+3571 (0,4−1 0,4

1 )+( 1 ) 10+9 (0,4 0,4+1
3 )+( 3 )
𝑃5 (𝑥) = ( )+( ) (−133) + (0,4
2
)( )+( ) (1) +
2 2 2 2
−3+4 (0,4+1 0,4+2
5 )+( 5 )
(0,4+1
4
)( )+( ) (−7)
2 2

𝑃5 (𝑥) = 3637,5 + 13,3 − 1,14 + 0,004 + 0,0112 + 0,003136

𝑃5 (𝑥) = 3649,678336

C. Pembanding
 Metode Interpolasi Newton Gregory Maju

𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) ∆𝑓(𝑥) ∆2 𝑓(𝑥) ∆3 𝑓(𝑥)

27 3704
-133
28 3571 10
-123 -2
29 3448 8
-115
30 3333

ℎ = 𝑥𝑖+1 − 𝑥𝑖 = 28 − 27 = 1
𝑥−𝑥0 27,4−27
𝑠= = = 0,4
ℎ 1

∆𝑖 𝑓(𝑥0 )
𝑃𝑛(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥0 ) + ∑𝑛𝑖=1 ( ) ∏𝑖=1
𝑗=0(𝑠 − 𝑗)
𝑖!

∆2 𝑓(𝑥0 ) ∆3 𝑓(𝑥0 )
𝑃3 (𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥0 ) + ∆𝑓(𝑥0 )𝑠 + 𝑠(𝑠 − 1) + 𝑠(𝑠 − 1)(𝑠 − 2)
2! 3!
10 −2
𝑃3 (𝑥) = 3704 + (−133)(0,4) + (0,4)(0,4 − 1) + (0,4)(0,4 − 1)(0,4 − 2)
2 3!

𝑃3 (𝑥) = 3704 − 53,2 − 1,2 − 0,128

𝑃3 (𝑥) = 3649,472
  Metode Interpolasi Newton Gregory Maju

𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) ∆𝑓(𝑥) ∆2 𝑓(𝑥) ∆3 𝑓(𝑥)

25 4000
-154
26 3846 12
-142 -3
27 3704 9
-133
28 3571

ℎ = 𝑥𝑖+1 − 𝑥𝑖 = 28 − 27 = 1
𝑥−𝑥𝑛 27,4−28
𝑠= = = −0,6
ℎ 1

∇𝑖 𝑓(𝑥𝑛 )
𝑃𝑛(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥𝑛 ) + ∑𝑛𝑖=1 ( ) ∏𝑖=1
𝑗=0(𝑠 + 𝑗)
𝑖!

∇2 𝑓(𝑥𝑛 ) ∇3 𝑓(𝑥𝑛 )
𝑃3 (𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥𝑛 ) + ∇𝑓(𝑥𝑛 )𝑠 + 𝑠(𝑠 + 1) + 𝑠(𝑠 + 1)(𝑠 + 2)
2! 3!
9 −3
𝑃3 (𝑥) = 3571 + (−133)(−0,6) + 2 (−0,6)(−0,6 + 1) + (−0,6)(−0,6 +
3!
1)(−0,6 + 2)
𝑃3 (𝑥) = 3571 + 79,8 − 1,08 + 0,168
𝑃3 (𝑥) = 3649,888