VEKTOR

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑖 + 3𝑗 + 𝑘, 𝑂𝐵
1. Diketahui 𝑂𝐴 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 2𝑖 + 2𝑗 − 𝑘, 𝑂𝐶
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑗 + 𝑐𝑘, dan ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 600 . Nilai 𝑐 =
⋯
3
A. 5
3
B. 3 5
3
C. − 5
3
D. −3 5
E. 0
2. Diketahui |𝑎| = 2, |𝑎 + 𝑏⃗| = √3, dan |𝑎 − 𝑏⃗| = √7. Panjang proyeksi vektor 𝑎 pada 𝑏⃗
adalah ...
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5
3. Vektor 𝑢⃗ = (𝑥, 𝑦, 1) sejajar 𝑣 = (−1,3, 𝑧). Jika 𝑢
⃗ tegak lurus (3, -2, 3), maka 𝑦 = ⋯
A. 3
B. 1
1
C. 3
1
D. − 3
E. -1
Pembahasan
1. Kunci Jawaban : D

Diketahi : ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 2𝑖 + 2𝑗 − 𝑘, 𝑂𝐶

𝑂𝐴 = 𝑖 + 3𝑗 + 𝑘, 𝑂𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑗 + 𝑐𝑘, dan ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 600

Ditanya : Nilai 𝑐
Selesaian :
1 2 −1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑂𝐴
𝐵𝐴 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ − 𝑂𝐵
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (3) − ( 2 ) = ( 1 )
1 −1 2
0 2 −2
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑂𝐶
𝐵𝐶 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ − 𝑂𝐵
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (1) − ( 2 ) = ( −1 )
𝑐 −1 𝑐+1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐵𝐴 . ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐵𝐶
cos 600 = |𝐵𝐴
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | .|𝐵𝐶
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ |

1 2−1+2𝑐+2
=
2 √6 √4+1+(𝑐+1)2

2
(√6 √5 + (𝑐 + 1)2 ) = (4𝑐 + 6)2

6(𝑐 2 + 2𝑐 + 6) = 16𝑐 2 + 48𝑐 + 36

 10𝑐 2 + 36𝑐 = 0
10𝑐 2 = −36𝑐
𝑐 = −3,6
3
𝑐 = −3 5

2. Kunci Jawaban : A

Diketahui : |𝑎| = 2, |𝑎 + 𝑏⃗| = √3, dan |𝑎 − 𝑏⃗ | = √7

Ditanya : Panjang proyeksi vektor 𝑎 pada 𝑏⃗

Selesaian :
2 2
(|𝑎 + 𝑏⃗|) = (√3)
2
 |𝑎|2 + 2𝑎 𝑏⃗ + |𝑏⃗| = 3
2
 4 + 2𝑎𝑏⃗ + |𝑏⃗| = 3
2
 2𝑎𝑏⃗ + |𝑏⃗| = −1 ......................................... persamaan (1)
2 2
(|𝑎 − 𝑏⃗|) = (√7)
2
 |𝑎|2 − 2𝑎 𝑏⃗ + |𝑏⃗| = 7
2
 4 − 2𝑎𝑏⃗ + |𝑏⃗| = 7
2
 −2𝑎 𝑏⃗ + |𝑏⃗| = 3 ......................................... persamaan (2)
Dari persamaan (1) dan persamaan (2), diperoleh:
2
2𝑎𝑏⃗ + |𝑏⃗| = −1
2
−2𝑎 𝑏⃗ + |𝑏⃗| = 3

4𝑎 𝑏⃗ = −4

𝑎𝑏⃗ = −1
2 2
Jelas bahwa 2𝑎𝑏⃗ + |𝑏⃗| = −1  2(−1) + |𝑏⃗| = −1
2
 |𝑏⃗| = 1

 |𝑏⃗| = 1

Panjang proyeksi 𝑎 pada 𝑏⃗:

⃗
𝑎⃗ .𝑏 −1
| |𝑏⃗| | = | 1 | = 1
3. Kunci Jawaban : B
Diketahui : 𝑢
⃗ = (𝑥, 𝑦, 1) sejajar 𝑣 = (−1,3, 𝑧). 𝑢
⃗ tegak lurus (3, -2, 3)
Ditanya : 𝑦 =?
Selesaian :
Vektor 𝑢
⃗ = (𝑥, 𝑦, 1) sejajar 𝑣 = (−1,3, 𝑧), maka:
𝑥 = 𝑘. (−1) = −𝑘
𝑦 = 𝑘. 3 = 3𝑘
1
1 = 𝑘. 𝑧  𝑧 = 𝑘

Vektor 𝑢
⃗ = (𝑥, 𝑦, 1) tegak lurus (3, −2, 3), maka:
(𝑥, 𝑦, 1). (3, −2,3) = 0  3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 3 = 0
Demikian juga vektor 𝑣 = (−1,3, 𝑧) tegak lurus (3, −2, 3), maka:
(−1, 3, 𝑧). (3, −2, 3) = 0
 −3 − 6 + 3𝑧 = 0
 3𝑧 = 9
𝑧=3
Berarti :
1 1 1
𝑧=𝑘𝑘=𝑧=3
1
𝑥 = −𝑘 = − 3
1
𝑦 = 3𝑘 = 3 . 3 = 1

Jadi 𝑦 = 1