Muc lye Contents Chuong 7. x Cac phuong phap ti 7.1.0N TAP VE PHEP DOI BIEN VA BANG TICH PHAN 3 7.1.1. On tap vé phép déi bin. 7.1.2. Str dung bang tich PRAM wnnrennnoninsnnnininenenenenennnn tich phan... BAI TAP MUC 7.1 10 72. TICH PHAN TUNG PHAN 2 7.2.1. Cong thu tich phan timg phi 7.2.2. Sir dung nhiu fan tich phan timg phan... 7 13 7.2.3. Tich phan timg pln cho tich phan xac dinh... BAI TAP MUC 7.2 16 7.3. PHUONG PHAP LUQNG GIAC 18 73.1. Lily thita ciia Sin va Cos. 73.2. Lity thita cia Sec V8 TAR cecum : - se 20 7.3.3. Déi bign long gid. 73.4. Tich phan dang b§C Maine : - se 26 BAL TAP MUC73 7 7.4. PHUONG PHAP PHAN TICH HOUTY 28 7.4.1. Phan tich thanh phan thitc ti gian. i DB 7.4.2. Tich phan ham phan thtic hitu ty. 7.43. Phan thitc hiu ty ciia sin va cos... ce, BAI TAP MUC74 38.75 TOM TAT CAC KY THUAT TINH TICH PHAN... : : snes 40, BALTAP MUC?. 7.6 PHUONG TRINH VI PHAN BAC NHAT. Phuong trinh vi phan tuyén tinh bac nhit. MOt ting dung ciia phurong trinh bée nhat. BAL TAP MUC7.6..nonew - = 7.7 TICH PHAN SUY RONG... Tich phan sny ring véi ich phan suy rong cua ham khéng bj chan. Tiéu chudin so sénh sy hdi tu va phan ky. BAL TAP MUC7. 7.8 CAC HAM HYPERBOLIC VA CAC KAM NGUQC CUA CHUNG. 70 Ham Hyperbolic nnn — : 70 Bao him va tich phan cic ham hyperbolic : : = snae 72 Cc ham hyperbolic nguyc.... BAI TAP MUC738........ ON TAP CHUONG 7... PHU LUC Do. ao : —— eeeChuong 7. Cac phuong phap tinh tich phan 71. ON TAP VE PHEP DOI BIEN VA BANG TiCH PHAN ‘Trong muc nay, ching ta 6n tap lai cac cng thttc tich phan va phuong php déi bién trong tich phan. in ta chon u, tinh du, va sau dé d6i bign dé dang ta dang tinh tich phan giéng V6i cng thite tinh phan di biét. Ta sé én tap phép déi bigh bing cach xem xét cic trudng hgp khic nhau va céc phép d Vidu 1. Tich phan bing phép déi bién aw de ‘Tit ey Gidi, Dat u = * — 2. Khi dé du = 32°dr, vi vay (sir dung 46i big) Nhu véi tét ca cac tich phan bat dinh, ban cé thé kiém tra két qua bing cach tim dao ham cita két qua vira tinh dé xem c6 bing v6i him dudi du tich phan khong. Ching han,iu 2, Dura vé dang cita mot tich phan da biét bang phép déi bién bat Tim J vi-t Gta. Ta chu y ve sy cuong ty gita tich phan dang tinh va tich phan cho ham nguge cua * Khidé du = 2tdt va ham sin, néu ta dat u = du lat 2 _1p_du Sy dere aS Tne = sint xO 2 =pain' +0 . Phuong phap déi bién (myc 5.5) rat quan trong, vi nhiéu ky thudt duge trinh bay trong chuong nay sé duge sir dung két hop véi phép déi bign. Vi du 3 va 4 minh hoa thém céc céch di bign c6 thé sit dung trong bai toan tich phan. Vidu 3. Nhan véi 1 dé duge mot cong thite tich phan Tim J seer de. Gidi. Nhan ham dudi déu tich phan see véi sec.x + tan « va chia cho cling dai lugng nay: fowzde = preezleocz + tana), seca + tana =fJ% — eebiu = vece + tans, thd 1 ec! a + seca tanz) dz) ju+¢ = Infsece + tana] +c" . Ban c6 thé thie mac tai sao lai nghi dén nhan va chia ham duéi dau tich phan secx trong vi dy 3 voi secx + tan a. N6i rang ta lam nhu thé vi “nd higu qua” c6 thé khéng 1d ciu tra 10i théa ding, Tuy nhién, nhding ky thugt nhu thé nay da cé tr Lau, va 4nhan véi 1 1a mét phuong phap quan trong trong toan hoc dé déi dang biéu dién c6 sin sang dang biéu dién mdi, nhim giai quyét bai ton dé dang hon. Vidu 4. Déi bién sau mét bién déi dai sé de Tm [—— Gidi. D6i bién truc tigp u = 1+e* khéng gai quyét duge bai tosn: Eo Day khéng la dang thich hgp vix van chua bi khw hét. +1, thi du =e *de) =aIn(e* + 1)+C (eo +1>0, Ver, vi ody I | = +] In(ew +1) = Khi ham dui dau tich phan chita cac s6 hang voi lay thiva phan sé, thuéng cach t6t ld chon déi bign x = u", véi n 1a s6 nguyén duong bé nhat ma chia hét cho tat ca cdc mau sé ca cdc s8 mii (dé 1a béi chung nhé nit cua cdc mau s6). Ching han, néu ham durdi dain tich phan chita cae sé hang vbr a! 2°, a!” thi Adi bid a» = u®, vi12 la sf nguyén duong bé nhit chia hét cho tat ca cic mau sé cia cic 88 mii 4, 3, 6. Loi thé cua cach gidi quyét nay 1a né dam bdo ldy thi phan s6 cia x tré thanh Idy thira nguyén cua u. Nhu vay,Gidi. Vi 6 la s6 nguyén bé nhat chia hét cho cic mau sé 2 va 3, nén ta dat x = u", vi vay da = 6u'du. Ta déi bigh: ii dev fi Guida GuPdu Joo J Ta JS eae +2 (w')? +(u4) wtu 2 eee (Chin 84 — 64? -6u46+—2y lyu Tu l+u 6u® -6u+6+—|u lt+u 2u = Su! +6u-6lnfi+u]+C (thay w= =f = 20"? — 30!" +62" ~sin(t+2"")+e (i 1+a" > 0). . 7.1.2. Sir dung bang tich phan ‘Dé sit dung bang tich phan, dau tién phan ‘ogi dang tich phan. Dé dé dang d6i bién, ta str dung w nhw la bign cua téch phan, va dita, b, cm, m bidu din cic hing s6. Cae dang ligt ké trong phy luc D nhu sau: Dang co ban (cong thiic 1-29) Dang bic nhit va bac hai (cng thie 30-76) au? + bute Cac dang bao gém au +b; Dang cin (céng thre 77-121) Cae dang bao gdm Yau +b; Yue +a? vu! sve Dang lurgng gic (cong thite 122-167) Cac dang bao gdm cosau;sinau; cd sinau va cosau; tanau; cotau; secau; escau Dang luong giac nguge (cong thtic 168-182) Dang mii va logarit (cong thitc 183-200) Cac dang bao gdm &"; In}u}.C6 mét quan niém sai thudng thay, dé Ia tinh tich phan s€ dé néu cd mot bang sin, nhung thim chi véi mét bing 06 sin c6 thé van cin mot s6 lugng 1én cOng vide. Sau khi quyét dinh dang ép dung, phai lam khép bai toin dang gidi quyét véi dang dp dung bing viéc Iya chon thich hgp cac hang sé. Ta cé thé 4p dung nhiéu dang, nhung khi ly cic két qua dé dao ham thi sé giéng nhau. Trong bang tich phan khéng ghi hing 6 C, nhung ban phai nhé thém chting vao két qua khi sir dung bang dé tinh tich phan. Chui ¥ trong bang 6 phy lye D 6 hai loai céng thiie. Logi ther nhat cho ra cong thiie la nguyén ham. loai thit hai (goi la céng thiic rit gon (reduction formula)) chi don gian 1a viét lai tich phan 6 mét dang khac. Vi du 6, Tich phan sir dung bang tich phan tim f'2*(3— Gidi. Ta c6 thé tinh tich phan nay bing sir dung di bin: 5 = f(B-u) wd) Nei w= 3-2 thi du =—de) =f (-e + 6u’ - ow wae == 3 (8-2) +S(-2 e Mac dit vi du trén khéng qué khé, nhung né nham chédn, vi thé ta nghi céch tim tich phan nay bing viéc sir dung bang tich phan. Day 1a tich phan chtia dang au + duge cong thite 32 véi u =x, a= —1, 3,n=5. (=) _2(8) 8-2)" ! aap (6425-3) Vidu 7. Tich phan sir dung céng thite rit gon tir bing tich phin. Tim f (Inz)' deGidi, Ham duéi dau tich phan e6 dang logarit; tr bang tich phan ta thay rng 4p dung cong thire 198, phy luc D, voi u=:r,n=4. Céng thie nay la céng thie nit gon (reduction formula) vi ta c6 thé tinh tich phan cho truée qua mot tich phan cing dang nhung véi lay thira thp hon, (ma) ae = o( ix(Inz) —3f (nz) ‘de af (in) de (cong thive 198) =a(Inz) 4 (cing thite 198) = 2(inz) —42(in2) +12 f (Inz) de = 2(in2)' —42(Ina)’ +12[2 (m2) -2rme +20 +C (cong tite 197) = a(Inz)' —4e(Inx) +120(In2) —24rn2 +242 +0 . Cha y tw vi dy trén rang ta ghi hang sé C chi sau khi tinh tich phan cudi cing (thay vi ghi cdc hing sO), O,,... 6 mai tich phan tich duge, vi C, +0, +... =0 cling la mét hing sé bat ky). ‘Thong thug ta cin déi biéh trude khi str dung mét trong nhiing céng thiie tich phan, diéu nay duge chi ra 6 vi dy sau. Vidu 8, Sir dung bang tich phan sau déi bién ads Se Gidi. Tich phan nay cb dang Va" — u* , nhumg né khong thyc sw khép hoan toin véi céng thie nao trong bing, Tuy nhién, ngoai trir hé s6 5, thi né giéng céng thie 111. Bat u= V0, khi dé du = V5 ae uw du dv __ pee 1 p_udu Vhow Sa od ow [a s—w)+e (cong thitc 111 v6i a = 8)852° +C . DGi véi vi dy 8, ban c6 thé dit w= 8— 5x", khi dé du = —10rde: du =a (2u"*) +0 = -2N8—52? +0 da — L ~y2 Ket qua nay giding voi ket qua da tinh G wen. Tinh toan nay de nan manh rang ban nén thir nhimg phuong phap tich phan don gian truéc khi dimng bang tich phan. Vidu 9, Tich phan bing bang Tim 52° N30" +1 de Gidii, Tich phan nay tuong ty cOng thitc 87. [oNir rides [Sri (Néit w= V3r thi du = Bde) =e fue +1du (cng thite 87 v6i a =1) +0 .7.2. TICH PHAN TUNG PHAN 7.2.1, Cong thitc tich phan tig phan Nhs lai céng thtre vi phan cua tich. Néu u va v 1a cdc ham kha vi thi (ws) = ut + ode Tich phan hai vé cia phuong trinh trén 4@ t'm cong thuic cho tich phan timg phan: felue) = fudet fodu we fudo+ f vdu Vit lai phuong trinh cudi, ta duge céng thu téng quét sau CONG THUC TiCH PHAN TUNG PHAN ‘Vidu 1, Tich phan tig phan Gidi. Dé six dung tich phan timg phiin, ta chon w va dv sao cho tich phan méi dé tinh hon tich phan ban dau. usa du = de Dat thi v= fetde= [eide-ve- j@m tra Iai két qua bing cich dao ham két qua, hoge sir dyng phan mém, =1). . Khi dé dv = e%dx e dr =e" —e +0 Ban cé th hode sir dung bang tich phan 6 phy lye D (cong thttc 184, véi Tich phan tig phan thudng khé khi fan du ban thir lam, vi khOng o6 sw Iya chon tuy6t d6i cho u va do. Trong vi dy 1, ban cling c6 thé’ chon 12Khi dé 2 Tuy nhién, chon « va dv nhw trén dan dén mét dang phic tap hon dang ban dau. Néi chung, khi ban tich phan timg phn, néu chon u va do ma dan dén mot dang phic tap hon ban dau, thi ban xem xét quay lai chon w va do theo mét céich Khac. M6t cach téng quat, ban chon dv khé nhat c6 thé ma van cé thé tinh duge tich phan, va phiin con lai trong tich phan chinh 18 u. Vidu 2. Khi vi phan tig phan 1a toan b@ ham dui dau tich phan Tim fInz dz, voix > 0. us Ine = im | Kigm tra v6i céng thie 196 (phy luc D). . 7.2.2. Siz dung nhiéu Ian tich phan timg phan ‘DOI khi phai dp dung tich phan timg phan vai fan d@ tinh tinh phan da cho. Vidu 3. Tich phan timg phan nhiéu Tan 13Petde=—Pe 4 2fo(-e)- f [cette Kigm tra céng thie 185, véi a = Vi du sau day, ta can 4p dung tich phan timg phn nhiéu fan, nhung ban sé thay ring, khi ta tich phan tig phan dén fan thi 2 thi ta quay lai tich phan ban dau. Chui ¥ can than trudng hop nay dugc giai quyét nhu thé nao. Vidu 4, Tich phan timg phan nhiéu lan véi bién d6i dai so cose + 2e™ sina — wdc Tuc la I = -e** cosa + 2c’ sine — 4 hay 5] = —e* cos.x+2e™ sina +C 12 (2sinx—eos) +0. vay I= ay T== 1.2 (asin —cosz)-+C. Ki tra véi cong thu 192, phy Nhu vay fe sin ede = luc D, khi a — 2, b — 1, hoe bing cach Idy dao ham. . 47.2.3. Tich phan timg ph’n cho tich phan xdc dinh TiCH PHAN TUNG PHAN CHO TICH PHAN XAC DINH 2 2 fudo=u, = fodu Vidu 5. Tich phan timg phiin cho tich phan xéc dink Gidi. Dat | dy =e Kiem tra trong phu luc D cong thie 184, véi a = 2 . Vidu 6, Tich phan timg phan cho tich phan xc dinh roi déi bién Tinh f tan tr de ° ua tants Gidi. Dat dy = de fat rde= (tan abo — fA po de = leiten: ‘e—Fn(1+ 2") (siedung d6ibith t= 1422, dt =2ede) 15a 1(eo) —Zin(.+9)- 0 Kiém tra trong phu luc D céng thitc 180, véi a = 1.7.3. PHUONG PHAP LUONG GIAC 7.3.1. Lay thira cua Sin va Cos Ta xét tich clia cc ldy thira cua sin va cos, 6 dang [osin? x cos" odeCé hai trudng hop chi: yéu can xét, phy thuse vao cic s6 mii m va m cing la s6 chin hay khong. Ta s@ néu cach gidi quyét tng quét cho méi trudng hop va sau 46 minh hoa théng qua vi du. ‘Truong hop 1: m hodc 1 1a 6 1é (hod ca hai ciing 1a s6 18) Catch lint tong quét: Néu m 1a s6 16 thi téch mot thita s6 sin tir ham duéi dau tich phan. Khi d6 56 ma con lai cia sinx 1a s6 chan, sir dung sin’ x = 1 —cos’ x dé biéu dién hét thea ens:r, triv sf hang (si © ar) PAi hién w= ensx, du = —sin-r dr A’ chuyén tich phan thanh da thiic theo u va tinh tich phan str dung quy téc lay thir, Néu truéng hop na s6 le thi thye hign tuong ty nhu trén nhung thay vai trd ciia sir va cos Vidu 1, Lay thira cita cos 1a $6 16 Gidi. Vin = 3 14 86 18, nén téch mot thite sO cose va str dung cos? biéu dién tich phn nhu mét da thitc theo sin’. sin’ de = f sin‘ x cos? 2} (cos.r dz) nr thi du = cos de Dee lee gone zsin’ 2 +O Truong hop 2: m va n déu 1a sé chan Céich lim t6ing quét: Chuyén thanh trung hop 1 bing cach str dung, site = 30 — 0821) vi cos? x = = (140082) ‘Vidu 2, Tat ca s6 mai déu 1a sé chin 19(1+cos20)' dr sin? 2 cos! 2 de = S50 1 cout =F f (14 cose con? 20 ~ cow? 2) de <1 flip omae—2(14 ome) —(1-s"22)oo20 de =2 [ercosde— Blt toms) coe sin? rom dx =ES[pgome]art daw 2x cos 2x de Dt u = sin 2x thi du =2cos2rdx. Khi dd en 1 [sine cos! 2 de =a 16 . Lp sind +35 fwd Asin de +4sin?2n+0 . 4 48 7.3.2. Lity thira cia Sec va Tan Tich phan don gin nhdt cua dang nay 1a = Injsecw + tan a]+C fitsne de =Inpecal+C va f seer d Véi trudng hop téng quat hon, ta viét dudi dang, J tan” asec’ 2 de. C63 trudng hop chit yéu durgc xét. ‘Truong hop 1: 1a s6 chin Céich lim téng quét; Tach mét tha s6 sec’ x tir ham dudi déu tich phan va sir dung sec’ r= tan’r+1 dé biéu dién ham dwéi dau tich phan theo tanc, ngoai trir ae); d6i bién uw = tans, du = sec’ dr, va tinh tich phan str dung quy tic lity ‘Vidu 3, Lily thira ciia sec 1a s6 chin Tim ff tan? 2 see! x de 20Gidi. fonts ede = f 1 ds) = f ta o(t Dit u = tanz thi du = sec’ ¢ dr. Khi dé x tl)sec? « dr fav’ x seca de = fw (u? +1)du= ton! 2+ Rta 24 C ‘Truong hop 2: m 1a s6 16 Ciich lan téng quit: Tach mét thia s6 secr tans tir ham duéi dau tich phan va sit dung tan’ = dién ham dudi dau tich phan theo sec, ngoai trv (seew tansr de) ; d6i bién w= seer, du = seer tan.x de, va tinh tich phan str dung quy tac liiy thira. ‘Vidu 4, Lily thira ciia tan 1a 96 1é Tim f tancesec! x de. Gidi. [tanz sec! ede = f sec! 2(secatane de). Bt u = secs thi du = secwtansr dx. Khidd ich lam tong quat: Six dung tan’ x = sec? r—1 dé bigu dién ham duéi dau tich phan theo seer; khi dé sit dung cing thite nit gon 161 (phy lye D) sec" au tanau 2 a(n—]) ne foc au du = [sce au du Vi du 5, Lay thira cia tan la s6 chin va lay thira cia sec la s61é Tim ff tan? wsec! x de aGidi. [ tan? asec! x de = f (sec tan 4 3 + ff seco ae taney seer tan 4 4 2 tanz secrtanz 1 = - sec + tan] +o . 4 8 8 7.3.3. D6i bién lugng gidc Déi bién lwong gidc cé thé hiéu qua. Chang han, gia str mét ham di chiia sé hang Va" — u’, vi @, va sit dung cos? @=1 va? =u? = Va? — a? sin’ = avi —sin?@ = Nhu vay, déi bién u = asin@, du =acos@ d0 loai bé duge cin bac hai va cé thé Jdu tich phan > 0. Khi dé bang viéc dat u = asin @ véi mét géc nhon in? 8, ta duge 088 chuyén tich phan da cho thinh mét tich phan mdi chi chita sin va cos. Sy déi bién nay 6 thé ghi nhé bang céch thiét lap mot tam gidc trong tg. Qua trinh nay duge minh hoa trong vi dy sau. Vidu 6, B61 bién Iwgng giac vol dang Tim f V4—adz Diu tién, sit dung bang tich phan, 4p dung cdng thite 117 véi « [ite = A asin J+ Muc dich cia ching ta trong vi du nay 1a chi ra ta c6 duge céng thite nay nhu thé nao khi str dung déi bién lung gidc. Xem tam gide 6 hinh 7.1 2Hinh 7.1. Tam gie tuong tg véi dang Va" Dat x —QsinB, thi dx — 2cos dB. Khi dd [vie ede = [ V4—asin® # (20080 d0) = f cost a Lit cos 26 , =4f ao = 20 + sin29 +0 = 20 +2sinGcos8+C Buse cudi ciing la chuyén dap s6 thanh cic 36 hang theo x. Sir dung tam giéc 6 hinh 7.1, ta tim duge sind == va cos = 3 Nhu vay, ta c6 6 = sin” AI tease = 2sin-! (2) 4-912) [a= Par = 28in els =2sin Eee 40. : Phuong phap tuong ty c6 thé duge ding dé chuyéh tich phan chita céc s6 hang dang Va? +u? hay Vu? —a? sang tich phan lwong gidc, duge chi ra 6 bang 7.1. Déi voi bang nay, ta yéuciu 0< 6 0, vi gid thiét digu kién ban dau la y=2 khi =O (hay uf Gidi. M6t ldi gidi dS hoa (sir dung cdng nghé) duge tim ra bing cich nhin vao trubng huréng trong I finh 7.5. 46eau aa Thr AT ATE yrarare a. Truong hudng ctia phuong trinh b. Nghiém riéng di qua (0,2) Hinh 75. Nghiém dé hoa sir dung trudng hudng ‘Dé tim mét nghiém giai tich, ching ta sir dyng Dinh ly 7.1. Phuong trinh vi phan cé thé duge biéu dién 6 dang tuyén tinh bac nhit bing cach cng ca hai vé vi 2y: 48 4 ay = 0" véi 2 20. de. *.Ca P(z) va Q(x) déu lién tue trén miéns > 0. Ching ta c6 P(x) =2 va Q(z) M6t thita sé tich phan durge cho bei T(z) =e = el = 6 voi 2 0. Bay gid ching ta sir dung dinh ly phuong trinh vi phan tuyén tinh bac nat, voi * va Q(z) din téi v6i x > 0. Dé tim C, chi ¥ ring vi y=2 khi 2 yaet +e" 220 Ban c6 thé muGn so sanh nghiém giai tich va nghigm d6 hoa v6i chi ¥ ring d6 thi cua phuong trinh tring véi nghiém duge chi ra trong [inh 7.5), 47Tich phan timg phn thuong duge str dung trong giai phuong trinh vi phan tuyGn tinh cp mot. Day 1a mot vi du. Vidu 2, Phuong trinh vi phan tuyén tinh bac nhat ‘Tim nghiém téng quat cia phuong trinh vi phan dy ae abt yar 2>0 a Gidi. Nhu buéc thir nhat, chia méi thanh phn trong phuong trinh da cho béi x ching ta cé thé sir dung mét thira sé tich phan nhv tron Vi dy 7.1. ty te dea V6i phuong trinh nay, nghiém téng quat la {fara} Whe Leese xL2 4 CNHAT MOT UNG DUNG CUA PHU'ONG TRINH BA! M6 hinh tang truéng Logistic Khi dan s6 Q(t) cita mot bay dan cae sinh vat s6ng (ngudi, vi khudin,v.v..) nhé, ta ¢6 thé ky vong ty sé thay ddi dan s6 tuong déi la hing 6. Néi cach khac, aQ dtp pay £2 = py Gina: bad v6i k la mét hing sé (ty Ié ting treréng khéng han ché). Diéu nay duge goi 1a sy ting trudng mii (exponential growth). Mi luc Iuong cla né sé tudn theo céng thite vé ty 16 ting truéng khéng han ché nay va 1a bay dan e6 nhidu thie An va khdng gian séing,, Q(t) 8@ ting theo quy luat mii. Tuy nhién, trong thyc t6, thudng thi t6i m@: lic nao dé cae nhan té moi trudng bat dau han ché sur mo rong thém néia cia bay dan, va tai thoi diém nay, sy ting trudng khéng 48con hoan toan 1 mi nifa. Dé xay dung mgt mé hinh dan sé ¢6 tinh dén sw anh huéng cca vide gidm nguén séng va khéng gian séng, ching ta gia str ring dan so mOt “dinh” B, duge goi la dung long mang (carrying capacity) ctia loai — tite las lugng sinh vat t6i da c6 thé sng trong mot khu vue. Ching ta gia thiét thém ring tc d@ thay déi dan sé 1A cing ty 1é véi dan s§ hign tai Q(t) va lugng dan sé tiém ning ia Lodi c6 chua duge sinh ra BQ. Nghia li, 4Q dt Q K(B- Q) hay £2 2 - 69(B-0) Diy duge goi la phuong trinh logistic (logistic equation), va né khong chi xudt hign trong sy két ndi v6i mo hinh dan s6, ma c6n trong mot logt cac tinh hudng khac. Vi dy sau day minh hoa cho mét céch ma mét phuong trinh nhu thé cé thé xudt hién, Vi du 3, Phuong trinh logistic cho sy bing phat ciia mot bénh dich ‘Tée a} ma mot bénh dich bing phat trong mot céng dng la ty 1é-véi tich eta 56 ee cw dan bj nhiém bénh va s6 cdc cu dan dé bj nhiém bénh. Hay mé ta sé cu dan bi nhiém bénh nhu mot ham cia thoi gian. Gidi. Ky higu Q(2) 18 86 cur dan bi nhiém bénh theo # va B la t6ng s6 cur dan. Khi dé sé cde cur dan dé bj nhiém bénh nhung chua >i bénh 1a 8 —Q, va phuong trinh vi phan mé ta sy lay lan cia dich bénh la dQ | =KQ(B—Q) kis the constant of proportionality It Use separation of variables. Partial fraction decomposition 1[B-0+0 ~ [ 08-0) 1 ~ OB —0) 49Integrate each term. Division property of logarithms Multiply both sides by B (note that B > Q > 0). or Definition of logarithm OQ = (B- Qyet et Because e*© is a constant, let Ay Q =AiBe™ — A, Qe™ Q+A:Qe% = Ay Be™ Ai Bebtt T+ Ajem Dé don gin phurong trinh nay, ching ta thyre hién mot phép Adi bign; djt_ A = re sau mot s6 bude don gin ta cé Dé thi cua Q(t) dugc thé hién trong Hinh 7.6. Chai y ring during cong nay c6 mdt dim adi xting ma tai dé Qtt)= a Figure 7.6 Interactive A logistic curve aw Trae Diu nay tuong ting voi sy kign la bénh dich lay Jan nhanh nhét khi mot nia nhiing cur dan dé bi nhiém bénh da bi bénh (dQ / dt dat cue dai 6 day). 50(Caing chi y tir Vi du 3 ring y = Q(¢) tigm can véi dubng y = B khi t+ oc. Do a6, sau mét thoi gian dai thi sO ngudi bj bénh tiém cin véi sé ngudi dé bj nhiém bénh. Mot bang tong két vé cdc mé hinh tang trudng dugc cho bei Bing 72. “eole 7.2 eummary of Grown Models uation and oation Sample appleations (0 the population ie 2, Gy ital poplin an ke a mae of property Tae) hn ang ae eth nob 8 ied oth sour Exon va fa pope tg 2 ox Incest comune enunnsy ‘be amc present ae titan Solon Price sup canes = an" Cand dy rae a ae repro u B19 Pree demand cures =e tated gon = Lampe rin tae a soir Stowe, OF Cr ce Sees | EL al | Lied growth coun Leming cane eo) Dis of rs meta Fas proprio wo Inman of men ‘ase a Bang 7.2 Mét sé mo hinh ting trudng 51Phan tich timg phan: Mé hinh héa tan Mét thing chita 20 Ib mudi dugc héa tan vao 50 gal (4.54 lit Anh = 3.58 lit Mi) nudc. Gia str ring méi phuit c6 3 gal nude mudi, méi gallon chifa 2 Ib (pound=454 gam) mudi hoa tan, chay vao trong thing va hén hop nay (da dugc khudy déu) chay ra ngoai thiing véi tc d6 2 gal/phuit. Tim s6 mudi trong thiing tai thoi diém + bat ky. Luong mudi trong thing 14 bao nhieu sau thoi gian 1 gig? Gidi, Goi § (0) 1a lugng musi trong thung fai thoi diém ¢ phit. Vi 3 gal nude bién chay vao thing méi phut va méi gallon chtia 2 In mudi nén dan dén cé 3.2 = 6 Ib mudi chay vao thiing méi phiit (xem Hinh 7.7). Day la :6¢ d6 chay vao. Voi te dG Chay ra, chi ¥ rang tai thoi diéin t, ¢6 $ (0) Ib mudi va 50+(3-2)t gallon. dung dich (vi dung dich chiy vao 3 gal/phiit va chay ra 2 gal/phiit), Do dé, ndng 46 mudi trong dung dich tai thoi diém # 1a S(t) 5041 Ib/gal va t6e d6 chay ra cua mudi la oO Ib/min t tea! [2 galimin] Két néi cac quan sat nay, ta thay rang téc d6 thay déi lugng mudi thye chit dS / dt cho boi ds 6 2s dt 504 Inflow Outflow as dt cdi ma chiing ta da biét Ia mt phuong trinh vi phan tuyéh tinh véi P= W 50 va Q(t) =6. MGt thira sé tich phan la 52Pind 1) ef Qdn (S04) — g2ins0reh — (59 4 va nghiém téng quat la i f 2, EDF [/ 6(50 + 1) axe] [260+°+c] Sw) = (30+ 17 Cc = 2650 ee? pose Dé tinh C, ta nhac lai ring c6 20 Ib mudi ban dau trong dung dich. Diéu nay c6 nghia 8 (0) = 20, do dé 0) =2 ee S(O) (50+ 0) + STOR iG pe 20 = 100+ < 00+ se —80(507) = C Thus, the solution to the given differential equation, subject to the initial condition $(0) = 20, is 80(50?) SQ) = 250+) — OS te ory Specifically, at the end of | hour (60 min), the tank contains 80(50) 5 (60) ~ 2(50 + 60) — S00 (60) = 250+ 6) — BT Gore = 203.4710744 The tank contains about 200 Ib of salt. Vay, nghiém cia phuong trinh vi phan tuyén tinh da cho img véi diéu kién dau s(0)=20 la 80(50° S(t) = 250+2) — ) = 250+) - Dac biét, sau 1 gid (60 phit), thing chita 80(50) 0) = 2(50 0) — ———, © 203.4710744 5 (60) = 2150+ 60) — Go gays * 208.471074 53Thing chia xaip xi 200 Ib mudi, M6 hinh mach RL Mt img dung khac ctia phuong trinh vi pxan tuyéh tinh cp mot lién quan dén dang dign trong mt mach dign RL. Mét mach RL la mot mach dign véi dign tro Khong adi R, va mét cugn chm khdng di L. Hinh 7.8 mat mét mach dign v6i mot stie dign dong (EMF), mét dign tré va mot phn cm duge mac néi tiép. Ngudn EME, thudng 1a mt dc qui hoc mt may phat ign, cung cp mét dign 4p gay ra mot dong din trong mach. Theo dinh luat thr hai cuia Kirchhoff, néu mach dugc déng tai thdi diém 1 = 0, thi suat dién déng duoc sir dung bing ee {ng dign ap mat di trong phan con lai cua mach. N6 c6 th Figure 7.8 An AL crcut duge mé ta la diéu nay dan ti dong dién 1(é) chay trong 9°" mach tai thoi digin ¢ phai théa man phuong trinh vi phan tuyéh tinh cp mot al L=+RI=E at trong 6 L (cuén cam) va R (dign trd) la cdc 56 khGng am. Viét al a 8 thay ring P £ (hing sé) va Q(0) 2 (hing 56)’. Khi dé "ge st dng kt I cho ding gn tame thet pb bid trong vty hee v8 og hoe ng dung. BH i vige my khong in quan 11 Ra nin tua sie phan 88 dupe gi thieu ube 6 wong chung ny. 54E Lanny LR E =a Ce7 lle Hop ly Khi ta cho ring khéng oé ding dign chay qua khi f= 0, Nghia la I= 0 khi #=0, do 46 tacd 0= B/ R+C hode C = —E / R. Nghiém v6i diégu kign dau nay 1a rE (em) (a2) Chai ¥ ring vie — 0 khi t — 0 nén tacé E lim 1(¢) = lim = (1 — e7Ri/t slim 1 = Jim & (1 ) Digu ny c6 nghia 1a, trong mét thoi gian dai, dong dign I phai dn t6i 4 Nghiém cua phuong trinh vi phdn gém hai phin duge cho boi nhimg cai tén dic zg 1a dong dign én djah va — 7 hiding tiga nhtbthed: Powe Te ecient nan Hinh 7.9 cho thay dong dién J (¢) bién thién theo thdi gian fnhu thé nao. 557.7 TICH PHAN SUY RONG TRONG MUC NAY: Tich phin suy rng 063 cin v8 han, tich phan suy rong ctw hima Khong bi chatn. Ching ta da dinh nghia tich phan. filejer trén mét doan ding, bi chan |o 4, trong, 6 ham kha tich #(2) 1a bi chan. Trong myc nay, chting ta mé rong khai niem tich phan cho trong hop khoang lay tich phan la vé han va cing cho trudng hgp f la khong bi chin tai m6t s6 hétu han diém tren khoang lay tich phan. Cac tich phan nay goi chung 1a tich phan suy rong. Tich phan suy rong vei can vé han Trong vat ly, kinh té; xdc suat va thong ké va mot so linh vuc xing dung khic, vige cd mot khai niém tich phan ma duoc dinh nghia trén duong thing thyc hoge mot nia duong Figure 7.11 Area of an unbounded regionthang cé dang x > a hodc x 0, tich phan cia ftrén khoang # > w e6 thé’ xem nhur dign tich phia dudi dudng cong y = f(x) ten khodng khong bi chan nay, nhu duge mé ta trong Hinh 7.11. M6t ly do chign luge cho vige tim dign tich nay la trudc hét sir dung tich phan xc dinh dé tim phan dign tich tir «=a dén dén mot s6 hiru han 2 = NV va sau a6 cho N din t6i v6 han trong bigu thite két qua. Seu day la dinh nghia. TICH PHAN SUY RONG LOAI I Cho a 1a mét 86 c6 dinh va gid sir Jt(eac tn tai v6i moi N > e. Khi dé néu gidi han fim f f(r) fn tai, ta dinh nghia tich phan suy rong I J (c)de boi J rtejar= pm f rea Tich phan suy rong duge goi la hdi tu néu gidi han nay 1a méts6 hiu han va phan ky trong trudng hop ngugc lai. Figure 7.12 Graph ot y= Vidu1 Tich phan suy rong hi 9 ” Lan =10,4=2 Let =100, 4= io i00 Vidu2 Tich phan suy rong phan ky Tinh fe Figure 7.18 An unbounded region may have either a trite fran lina arn on‘Vidu 3 Xéc dinh su héi ty ciia tich phan suy rong fe ngitu chi khi hing s6 p > 1. ? Hay chiing t6 tich phan suy rong Vi vay ta 06 két ud la: Tich phan suy réng Pde 7 p>l p/P} 1 mo psi Vid 5 Ta va ca Gabriel: mgt vat thé 6 thé ti han nfung dign tich DE anit vo Tit vi ctia Gabriel (hay chiét kén trumpet ciia Torricenlli) ta tén duoc dat cho mét vat thé xée dinh bi xoay tron quanh try Ox mién khéng bi chin phia dudi dung thing > 1. Hay chiimg t6 rang vat thé nay c6 thé tich héu han nhung dién tich b8 mat thi v6 han. “ponte (reo) ae Figure 7.17 Interactive Gabriel's hom tu [ ie of Ban 6 thé d6 day chiée tir va cua Gabriel véi mot lugng son hiu han nhung lugng son can | \ dé t6 mau mat trong ciia né la v6 han. rT) Ching ta cing dinh nghia tich phan suy rong trén mt khoaing khéng bi chin vé én trai hoac trén toan bo dung thang thuc. 62TCH PHAN SUY RONG LOAI I (M6 réng) Cho b la mét sé c8 dinh va gid sir J t(e)ae ton tai voi moi t<. Khi dé néu gidi han lim f f(2)de tn tai, ta dinh nghia tich phan suy rong S J (x) dr boi Tich phan suy réng, I J (x)de duoc goi la héi tu néu gidi han nay la mét sé hitu han va phan ky trong truéng hop ngugc Néu ca tich phan Jtleae va J sleac cling hGi tu véi mét sa ndo dé, tich phan suy rong cita f(z) trén todn bé truc Ox duge dinh nghia béi ‘Ching ta goi tich phan phia trdi hoi ty néu ed hai tich phan phia phai hdi tu, va.né phan yj trong trudng hop ngugc lai. Vi du 6 Cic tich phan ouy rng Tinh céc tich phan suy rong sau: [re a fe [acta Vidu7 Tich phan suy rong toi am v6 eye dz. a. Tinh b. Ban dy-dosn gid ti cia f > 4 sequan hé nhur thé ndo véi tich phan suy rong +2 6 cu a. Hay chiing to phong dodn céa ban bing cach tinh tich phan nay. 63‘Vidu 8 Tich phan cue suy rong Tinh Sie “a0 Tich phan suy réng cia ham khéng bi chan Mot ham fla khong bj chan tat c neu no od gid tri Lon ty y gan c. Mot cach hinh hoc, diéu nay xuat hién khi duong thing x = la tiém cn ding cua dé thi ham sé f tai nhu mé ta trong Hinh 7.18. C Figure 7.18 Two functions that are unbounded at ¢ Néu f khong bi chin tai c va a 0, nhur duge chi ra trong Hinh 7.19, Voi mdi doan [¢,1] nhu thé ta c6 Cho 1 + 0 theo cic gid tri durong ta thay ring 4"dx tim f 4 = ima OJ, Je rt 21) = Day duge goi la mt tich phan suy rng hGi ty véi gid tri 2, va dudng nhw cé ly khi cho ring | dx ‘ad a a Trong vi dy nay fla khng bi chn 6 miit bén tréi cla doan lay tich phan, nhung néu n6 khéng bi chin tai mut bén phai hay mt diém gidia doan thi mét lip ludn tuong ty cing duye ép dung. TICH PHAN SUY RONG LOAI II Néu f khéng bi chin tai @ va I J (x)dx ton tai voi moi f théa man a< (<6, thi Jilelie= tin sto) Néu gidi han tn tai (1a m@t s6 hitu han), ta néi rang tich phan suy rong hi gue lai, tich phan suy rong phan ky. Tuong ty, néu f khéng bi chin tai b va al L(z)ax tn tai véi moi fthéa man a <1 (x) >0 véi moi x>a. Néw Jile)ae hdi ty, thi tich phan Jole)ae hi tu, khi a6 Jale)ae hdi ty dén mét gia tri nhé hon hode bing J tleae -Néw Jalelec phan ky thi J t(e)arccing phan ky. Vidu 12 Tiéu chuan so sinh Hay ching t6 tich phan f'e~"de hdi tu. 677.8 CAC HAM HYPERBOLIC VA CAC HAM NGUOC CUA CHUNG TRONG MUC NAY: Céc him hyperbotic, dao him va tich phan lién quan dén cic him hyperbolic, cfc him hyperbolic nguoc. “ac Cac ham hyperbolic va cac ham hyperbolic nguge da durge gidi thigu va nghién cru; cong thiic tich phan duge sit dung trong phan con lai cia tai lieu nay dusge suy ra tir dé. Ham hyperbolic Trong vat ly, mot day cap nang, déo (ching han ah day dign) duoc treo gitta hai diém cé cing dé cao dutoc cho 1 6 hinh dang cia mét dedng cong duoc goi 1 mot xich (xem Hinh 7.21), véi phuzong trinh dang, gure 7.21 The hanging cable problem Day 1 mét trong $6 nhang ting dung quan trong lign quan déh téng cia cac him ma. ‘Miuc dich ciia muc nay 1A nghign otra nhang téng nhur vay va cachim nguge oiia cing.Theo nhiing cach nao dé, nhimg ham ma ching ta sé nghién ctfu 1A tuong ty nhur cae ham lugng gidc, va ve co bin ching cé méi quan hé twong ty nhw cic dang hyperbol ma cic him Iugng gise ¢6 v6i duong tron. Vi ly do dé, nhing ham nay duge g9i ld cic ham hyperbolic. Ba ham hyperbolic la sin hyperbolic (ky higu la sinhy va doc 18 “sin h’), cosin hyperbolic (ky higu Ia coshx va doc la “cos i”) va tang hyperbolic (ky higu 1a tanhy va doc la “tan h”). Ching duge dinh nghia nhu sau day. HYPERROLIC FUNCTIONS, sinhx = ca for all x cosh x = & = torallx tanhx = for all x coshx. a. The hyperbolic sine 1b. The hyperbolic cosine __¢. The hyperbolic tangent y = sinhx. y =coshx y = tanhx Figure 7.22 Graphs of the three hasic hyperbolic functions, Danh séch céc tinh chat trong dinh ly sau day ggi rng cdc ham hyperbolic co ban 1a tuong ty nhu cc ham lugng gidc. Dinh ly 7.3 Tinh chat cia cdc ham hyperbolic 7cosh?.x — sinh?.x = 1 sinh(—x) = — sinh sinh.x is odd cosh(—x) = cosh.x coshx is even tanh(—x) = —tanhx tanh x is add sinh(x + y) = sinhx cosh y + cosh.x sinh y cosh(x + y) = coshx cosh y + sinhx sinh y Cé thém ba ham hyperbolic: co-tang hyperbolic (ky higu 14 cothx), sec hyperbolic (ky higu 1a sechr) va co-sec hyperbolic (ky higu 1a eschx). Nhiing ham nay duge dinh nghta nhu sau: ete 1 : ‘ sech.x= ianhx ~ ee cosh sinhx ~ e* —e coth.x eschx = CHU Y KY THUAT: M6t sé gi phan mén +1 =i coth.x Hai dng nhdt thite quan trong lién quan dén cic ham nay la: sech? —tanh* x va esch® = coth? 2-1. Dao ham va tich phan cdc ham hyperbolic Dinh 1f 7.4 Quy tde dau ham cdc ham hyperbolte Cho wl m6t ham kha vi cia x. Khi dé: 4 nny = cosh ul 4 cosh) = sinh Fbsinh wy = cosh (oshu) = sinha a di d > du (tanh u) = sech? <(eothu) = ~eschu aw a ae a d dud du £ (ech) = —sech uw tanh w “ (eschu) = ~cschu cothu a a dk as ‘Vi du 1 Dao ham lién quan dén cc ham hyperbolic Tim 24 vi mdi ham sau diy: ae a. y = cosh Ax, A la mot hang so b. y= tanh (2? +1) © y=In(sinhz) 72Dinh ly 7.5 Quy tic tich phan céc him hyperbolic J sionx dx =coshx +C [cone dx = sinhx +C [ scot? x de = tanh +6 [ cser? x de = —coths + [ secnx tanhx dx = —sechx +C [sen xcoth x dx = —eschx +C Vidu2 Tich phan lign quan dén cic dang hyperbolic Tim mdi tich phan sau day: a J cosn x sinh de b. [os 2 ef tanh a Cac ham hyperbolic ngugc Cac ham hyperbolic nguge cling duge quan tam trudc hét boi vi chiing cho ta bidu dién mot s6 tich phan 6 dang don gin. Vi sinkx 1a lién tuc va don digu ngat (tang), né la mOt-mét va od ham ngugc, va ham ngugc nay duge dinh nghia boi y = sinh”! 2 néu va chinéu # = sinh y véi moi x va y. Bay duge goi la him sin hyperbolic ngugc, va dO thi ciia né nhan duge bing cach lay d6i xing 46 thi cha ham y—sinhie qua duéng thing y —.0, nh duge chi ra trong Hinh 7.23. Cac ham hyperbolic khéc duge dinh nghia theo cic him mi, ching ta c6 thé nghi téi vide biéu din céc ham hyperbolic ngurge theo céc ham logarit. Nhang méi quan hé nay duge téng két trong dinh If sau day, Figure 7.23. The graph of y=sintx Dinh ly 7.6 Cong thiic dang logarit cho céc ham hyperbolic nguoc 73aT, 1 vi¢e sinh”! x = In(x + vx? +1), all x =n(L+ * aa “ily 1+ V1—x? cosh’ In + ¥x?—1), 221 sech™'x = In , oe 1, z+ tanh! x = 5 In Ix] <1 coh”! x = 5 In, |x| > 1 271=x 221 Dinh ly 7.7 Dao ham va tich phan ciia cdc ham hyperbolic nguge d a asin! wy f a = sinh ‘ute vite qe cost) = aS =cosh!u + C we d i du tanh a a Stan tanh“! uw + | teach!) e es ho! |u| +C fe ut) =e f B= ~csch-! Ju] + dx |u| VT + 0? de uvT Fut sech™! |u| +C coth' w+C Vidu 3 Dgo him lidn quan dén cic him hyperbolic ngurge ar # a acy=sink"(ar+b) bd. y=eosh"(seex),0<2< wis ‘Vidu 4 Tich phan lién quan dén cic ham hyperbolic nguoc 744174 Appendices APPENDIX D: SHORT TABLE OF INTEGRALS Elementary forms ‘ave: MEA a nd SEER ~ asic RULES scam rt fote=05¢ 2 roerle ft nat w'du= lola; == ng-l 43 Natural exponent cule fetdr =e" 4 Logarithic rate fn dv = Ini TRIGONOMETRIC RULES os fos alu 8. f sinua 1 fonna Jn feosu| = Injsecw 8 «fon 2. facndr=inie tine 10. ccna = Inport ui [ots a focady com 1 facade msce 14 Pocncnt bxroNevTat Rutt 8 ferret, onoaet uveeRpouic nutes 16 feo she 1 f itn ce 18 f oahu de = tacos 1. 20. fsohw dtu = tan" (sinh w) or 2tan~" 6 a. IsvERse RULES NVERSE mi uf * [ate ” laa Nae ara rash th don of cnet, Whig an neg leo chy te cnsat ssl aly tthe shown, 50 inporsa th you ener to eet the estat af inert ach ite You alte a inter ves when ging fo 9 le re xy1175 (OT) a f= tu eee = sin Linear and quadratieforms INTEGRALS INVOLVING au +5 Wt Da (out by? _ bla + by Cra? Ge ha (aut oy" _ (au + by"? Bau + byt! (n+ 3a* (a +2) (n+ 1a wu + byt nb ™ aI wi (au + bye m / : zy (ment Da (ment Da Se aurHau $y! ment arb Cre Inlau +61 wae + BY de aw * Sates ude wb asf BE Rint tor wide _ (au bP _ 2bau a a ee wehdu (usb) 30a +b y. [ae os ee nlc +b INTEGRALS INVOLVING 1? 4.92 » [a8 a [fe at-£ 8 fate bet & fonts we +a) INTEGRALS INVOLVING w Luca 3a |ara| “es eg is iene acter nepal he do ned he cost wl te fom ogres span,1176 uta vu 8 fata ae INTEGRALS INVOLVING «? 52. 33. 54, 35. 56. 37. 38. 39, wd 0. [Yeas =F = Tama 2 «4 6. | Goan ae «” a. du Vac — 6 Pee oe ara Pd wb 2 2 = ac du of eeiree aT agiinlew th lt J ating wd wt ef 3 de a wd ae tbuse Gn-ba ad atbuse a) ae tbureAppendices 1177 au 1 bf ® fgartmra 72" larewrel el ae eo ee exons = hilt 2 ae fe Fens) 2 a 7 du o du a e - waren 2) aratrmgs ef ds GEE FO! > Gara FOO) i; wa fmt 3c eater = atthe tol Tae) Pe b re - wd dew te yf * (au? + bu +e alae = b*)(au? + bu +c) © dae = b? J au? + bu be ode mut! 18 pater eee aT (=m ba J Ga Fhe ey ow 2d tore | atm Tr Raa Sori 05 ARTE ANETTA INTEGRALS INVOLVING Jai +B _ Wath ra » [a a 1, |[Yaczo - ve vo ae = (Tas fare * (Pea sata aa 82, | variau ager 8. f « aT = ee 2b INTEGRALS INVOLVING Vat Fa? pecams a pat a [rea = +$in(u+ Vere) Tah = aye 6 fav eatin = +a 8. errant + Vitra)1178 Appendices. (tay? a 5 du = 3 = in (w+ Vit Fa?) oF sinbt Inu + vi? +2) a+ Vea 1 =-th vere Mere Batu 1 lasvitra + yf at it Fat 96, | Oe y= eee an Vie gf EP y= EE n(n MPF) INTEGRALS INVOLVING Vata, a > 0 | ae sas, [Vara 106, i white or, [eV duAppendices 1179 INTEGRALS INVOLVING Yau, a > 0 lata or — dont |] a 18, [etn 19, [vera san, f olaraa = O! ; wf EEE ay arma — ain VERE ‘Trigonometric forms INTEGRALS INVOLVING casa af cosauan = 2 3. [vcore ae ene 12s, f weosana = Bons(2-3)onm 12s onanan = (22 - 8) omen + (2S) sia 126. fe cosau diy = SO" = 2 fur sina de sm, fatond 18, f ucostau 1, feta a0. f cost ana =1180 Appendices INTEGRALS INVOLVING sinau ish fsinandr= sm vin = Sets wa san, feinands= 2288 8 [yam 136 faa = = > 12 nsin2aw _ cos2au tan fon = S28 aw 129, f sik anda = 3 — Sa Se INTEGRALS INVOLVING snau and cosau 40. uf see 14a. f sat ancosan du = ae 143. [mt awsinandn = — 144 fio arco and = 2 us. [ect = Liao m6 f Spier a lie 2) aaa INTEGRALS INVOLVING tanau 148, tanandy = —= infos oF“ nlseca| 149, fraud = Sona 2a 150, f tar au dn 2 in jos a 0, foarte = 8 | ha . an” au du = - "2 an die 1s, fot ony A fa a! au seo? an du = 1 fn ona ontAppendices 1181 INTEGRALS INVOLVING cotau isa fenonds = Linn cota 154, if ota 18 fon 186 foot nde SE” eee sot ae 15, Poot aves ana = 2 INTEGRALS INVOLVING seeau 158, [scot = Linjccou + anae| = + infin (4 +2)| tana i faced 160, fend = SEE nec tan 1, fon SAINI A Ft INTEGRALS INVOLVING se 1. foconts= 16s, [ cchand ates L lan itseer car i weotau | n—2 at 166, ft ava se"? au de wr. fot avctant INTEGRALS INVOLVING INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS, a > 0 168 foe! Lav anc = alae ( Z) aes ae rm, [Bae Ein f AE aa cos! colt i [tae Ey1182 ‘Appendices 173, I¢ (cos!) a = (ss! A)? — 20 2a Fes wf sin Va = usin pve 9s. f usin Te im. ee ie m {4 179. I¢ (a1 4 190, fran a = eran! 2 — Sin +04) rw frat Bae Se te! qi wa, fan” "ay = Po ee) Exponential and logarithmic forms INTEGRALS INVOLVING e* 183. i dy = m fra E(-t 185. 187. [tae sinus Se p Tat zat aa ifr de 1 w. [ nip ptaqe pap b | tu ws, [Sa ee Ge 190. 191. wi pe ge won fest e(acosbu +b sin bu) ere 9a, fe cosh =Appendices 1183 sea sinbu = beosbu) _ ela? —b2)sinbu ~ 2ad cost] woe fae Sabu ae ary __ wet (a cos bu +B sinbu) _ 8 [(a2 ~ b?) eos bu + 2ab sin bu INTEGRALS INVOLVING tn |u| nse fan ances v9 f cote? 198 fdaiupt du =u nwt —n f do\udy" de v9». futon de= "(Inui 5) ae lu = w (An ul)? — 2u In ul + 2a