Riley Amp Sturges Statics 2nd ch01 06 PDF

Solutions Manual]Volume 1€ 2 hapters 1-6 to Accompany + cH4PEeRS F-AL ENGINEERING MECHANICS: STATI CS SECOND EDITION William F. Professor Emeritus Iowa State University Leroy D. Sturges Towa State University JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. NewYork Chichester Brisbane Toronto SingaporeCopyright © 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ‘This material may be reproduced for testing or instructional purposes by people using the text. ISBN 0.471-16148-9 Printed in the United States of America 10987654321INTRODUCTION This manual was written with the same care and precision with which the book was written. Included is a complete solution for every problem in the book. Each solution appears with the original problem statement and, where appropriate, the problem figure. This is done for the convenience of the instructor, who no longer will have to refer to both the book and the solutions manual in preparing for class. ‘Asa guide to the problem material, problems with answers that are included in the back of the book are marked with an asterisk (*], and problems intended to be solved with the aid of a programmable calculator or a computer are marked with a [C].Solutions Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS General Principles Concurrent Force Systems Statics of Particles Rigid Bodies: Equivalent Force/Moment Systems Distributed Forces: Centroids and Center of Gravity Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies Trusses, Frames, and Machines Internal Forces in Structural Members Friction Second Moments of Area and Moments of Inertia Method of Virtual Work 37 16 154 290 396 690 816 958 1097ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. Fs RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-1# Calculate the mass m of a body that weighs 600 1b at the surface of the earth. SOLUTION W800. | Br dey 7 18-65 slug 1-2* Calculate the weight W of a body at the surface of the earth if it has a mass m of 675 kg. SOLUTION 675(9.807) = 6.62(10°) N= 6.62 kN [22 calculate the gravitational constant g, in U.S, Customary units, for a location on the surface of the moon. SOLUTION -9. 24 83.489(10 )(5.037)110") 5,398 ft/s” # 5.33 ft/s° Ane. (8-702(10°)1 1-4 Calculate the gravitational constant ¢, in SI units, for a location on the surface of the sun. SOLUTION Ga, ae 20 St = $:67810 —Y11-890)10) 5 9,2741(10%) w/s* w 274 w/e? Ans. F [6.960(10°)} 1-58 The planet Venus has a dianeter of 7700 mi and a mass of 3.34(10*) slug. Determine the gravitational acceleration at the surface of the| planet. SOLUTION “0 2a 3.430(10"°)(8.94100"") _ 97.9 ges ans. (7700(5280)/21ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-6* The gravitational acceleration gf the surface of Nars is 3.73 a/s” and the mass of Mars is 6.39(10°) kg. Determine the radius of Mars. SOLUTION From Eq. (1-3): * / = 2 ay ha 6.673(10_*")(6.39)(10"*) ye ay = 3.981(10°) » & 3.38(10°) m Ans. B73 1-7 Determine the gravitational force, in kips, exerted by the sun on the earth. SOLUTION pz SheBe _ 3.499(10°* (4.095) (10°*)(1.364)(10°") (4.908(10"*)]? = 0.7974(10"*) 1b = 7,97(10"") kip Ans. 1-8 Determine the gravitational force, in kilonewtons, exerted by the earth on the moon. SOLUTION 6.673(10" **) (5.976) (10°*)(7.350)(107*) (3.844(10°)]* = 1,984(10°°) N= 1,984(10"7) kN Ans. 1-9* The equatorial radiys of the earth is 2.0925(10") ft and the polar radius is 2.0856(10') ft. Determine the gravitational acceleration @ at the two locations. SOLUTION -6 23 : = $g901071(4.095)49°) 39.16 rye? ee (2,0925(107)1 -8 23 _ 3.439(107") (4.095) 107"). 39 36 pt yg ? fae : (2.0856(107)17 Ane 2ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. — W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-10# Two spherical bodies have masses of 60 kg and 80 kg, respectively. Determine the gravitational force of attraction between the spheres if the distance from center to center is 600 am. SOLUTION aa = $:679(19""°)(601(80) < g,99(10°7) w (0,600) 1-11 Two solid spherical bodies have 12 in. and,l0 in. diameters and are nade of a material that weighs 0.284 lb/in. Determine the gravitational force of attraction between the two spheres when they are touching each other. SOLUTION evs Ly = $24 G « ®) = 0.03698 R° = 0,09698(6)° = 7,988 slug 0,03698(5)° = 4,623 slug 18 = Sdgocu07)(7.988)4.629) 5 4, 531(10°%) 1b qa1/i2) I-12 A satellite is placed in orbit 1.6(10°) m aboye the surface of the noon. If the mass of the satellite is 3.0(10') kg, determine the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by the moon. SOLUTION h + rl = 1,6(10%) + 1.738(10°) = 9.398(10°) 6.673(107'")(3.0) (10*) (7.350) (10°) (3-338(10°)1? 13-21(107) N a 13.21 kN‘STURGES STATIC F. RILEY AND L. ENGINEERING MECHANICS 1-13* Determine the weight W of a satellite when it is in orbit 8500 niles above the surface of the earth if the satellite weighs 7600 lb at the| surface. SOLUTION 2 2 From Bq. (1-3): W Worg = Wr, = Gaye From Table 1-1: ry = 2.090(10") ft + h = 2,090(10") + 8500(5280) = 6.578(10") ft 2 Kor 752 w= 262 = Mote 0900107" 67 ay ane r (6,578(10")1 1-14 Determine the weight W of a satellite when it is in orbit 20.2(10°) m above the surface of the earth if the satellite weighs 8450 N at the surface. SOLUTION From Eq. (1-3): From Table 1-1: 6.371(10°) o + h = 6.371(10°) + 20,2(10°) = 26.571(10°) w 0 2 Wr 692 = 22 , 8450/6. 371110 = 485.8 N& 486. N Ans. re (26.571(10°)]7 1-15 If a woman weighs 135 1b when standing on the surface of the earth, how much would she weigh when standing on the surface of the moon? SOLUTION -2 24 Jt _ 3.439107") (5.037) (10! = 5.328 ft/s? (5.702(10°)]7 135 is Fpy(5.328) = 22.96 1b # 22.4 IbENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-16 Determine the weight W of a body that has a mass of 1000 kg (a) At the surface of the earth. (b) At the top of Nt. McKinley (6193 m above sea level). (c) In a satellite at an altitude of 250 km. SOLUTION gic iae From Bas (1-3): W Wore = yee = Gaye Fron Table 1-1: 6.371(10°) a (a) ®, = mg = 1000(9.807) = 9807 Nw 9.81 kN ans. (b) ry = rg # ry = 6-371(10°) + 6193 = 6.377(10°) @ 2 foe 652 Hy = 22 = BOUL SIIUO UT - o7g9 ww 9.79 Kw ans. n (6.37(10)} (eo) r= tg + h = 6.371(10") + 250(10") = 6.621(10") 2 Wor 6 w= 28 = SBOUE.BTIOO HE . 9080 ww 9.08 kN Ans. Ed (6.621(10°)) 1-174 Tf a man weighs 210 1b at sea level, determine the weight W of the aan (a) At the top of Mt. Everest (29,028 ft above sea level). (b) In a satellite at an altitude of 200 mi. ‘SOLUTION From Bq. (1-3): We From Table 1-1: = 2.090(107) ft. = (ar, = = 2,090(10") + 29028 = 2.0929028(10") ft 72 = 210(2.090010 11 = 299.4 1b & 209 Ib . ans. [2,0928028(107)]* h = 2.090(10") + 200(5280) = 2.1956(10") ft ae Yofo , z1012.090110" 1" _ 99,29 1» w 190.3 Ib ise (2,1956(10°)]ENGINEERING MECHANICS. 1-18 W. FP. RILEY AND STATICS, 2n A spgge traveler weighs 800 N on egrth. A planet having a mass (10°) kg and a diameter of 30(10°) m orbits a distant star. D, STURGES of Determine the weight of the traveler on the surface of this planet. SOLUTION 1-19* = Att, = 81.57 alug io 3.807 wiz s 14 2 §:679(10°"7) (61.8715) 10") 1999,6 yw 1210 (18(10")1 The planet Jupiter has a mass of 1.302(10°°) slug and a visible diameter (top of the cloud layers) of 88,700 mi. Determine the gravitational acceleration g (a) At a point 100,000 niles above the top of the clouds. (b) At the top of the cloud layers. Ans. SOLUTION a: dg 2H : ° ry = 3 d, = 7(88,700)(5280) = 2.342(10°) fe 26 = 3,499(107°) 4802110) - 81.63 ft/e” « 81.6 ft/s” G (2.342(10°)17 Onl Ans. 1-208 The planet Saturn has a masg of 5.67(10°°) kg and a visible dianeter (top of clouds) of 12.00(10') m. The weight W of a planetary probe on earth is 4.50 kN. Determine (a) The weight of the probe when it is 6(10°) m above the top of the clouds. (b) The weight of the probe as it begins its penetration of cloud layers. the SOLUTION (a) r {b) W ¥ 3 i 4.5110") _ a= go = Apgar = 158.9 ke r, +h = 6,00(107) + 6(10°) = 66.0(107) = Gn 14 26 pe _ 6.673(10""*)(458.9)(5.67)(10"°) _ 7 95 y fa [66.0(10°)]7 cas, a1 26 2 SeBe , s.07acso™*yas8.9965.67000") «gy y r (6,00(10°)} ans. Ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F, RILEY AND L. D. STURGES ‘The first U.S, satellite, Explorer I, had a mass of approximately 1 slug, Determine the force exerted on the satellite by the earth at the low and high points of its orbit which were 175 mi and 2200 mi, respectively, above the surface of the earth. SOLUTION 2,090(107) + 175(5280) = 2.182(10") ft. 2,090(10") + 2200(5280) = 3,251(10") ft. 7 742 32.17 ((2,090)(10" 1)" 5 95,51 1b w 25.5 1b (2. 182(107)] ne = SBAT(12-090)00 1)" 13,296 1b & 13.30 1b (3.251007) 1-22 A neutron star has a mass of 2(10°°) kg and a diameter of 10(10°) a. Determine the gravitational force of attraction on a 10-ke space probe iz (a) When it is 10° m from the center of the star. (b) At the instant of impact with the surface of the star. 2 44 20 (by p = $6780 012110) = 5, 338(107) N & 53.4(10"7) N Anse (61107)ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. F. RILEY AND L. 1-23* At what distance from the surface of the earth, in miles, is the weight of a body equal to one-half of its weight on the earth’s surface? SOLUTION 2,090(10") ft Bee ry = (ry +h)? = are 1)(2,090)(10") = 8.657(10°) ft 1639.6 mi @ 1640 mi 1-24 At what distance, in kilometers, from the surface of the earth on a line from center to center would the gravitational force of the earth on a body be exactly balanced by the gravitational force of the moon on the body? SOLUTION we a ve | [essusip 10 + = 9.017 +350(10°7) From Table 1-1: a+ b= 9.017) + b = 3.844(10°) » Therefore: b= 0.3837(10°) » a = 3,4603(10°) m h = a- r= 3.4603(10°) - 6.371(10°) = 339.7(10°) m # 340(10") km Ans. Customary units, of an 85-kg steel a level at a latitude of 45 degrees) SOLUTION W = mg = (85 kg)(9.807 2/s*) = 833.6 BE™ = 939.6 6 8 = 833.6 N ( Lib 7.448 W, } = 187.4 1bENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. — W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-26% Determine the mass m, in SI units, for a 600-1b steel beam under standard conditions (sea level at a latitude of 45 degrees). SOLUTION 4. 800 Ib = ig.e51 » $32.17 ters = 18.651 slug. ft = 18.651 slug (4s) one] = 272 ke ans. 1-27 The velocity of light in space is approximately 186,000 ai/s. velocity of light in units of kilometers per hour is? SOLUTION ’ (186, ‘000 mi) (ceo 5} (1-802 8) 1,077(10) ke/h Ans. 1-28 Using the fact that 1 m= 39.37 in., convert § m of concrete units of cubic yards of concrete. ve (50) 5) ( SOLUTION h to 29% Using the fact that 1 in. units of meters per secon SOLUTION 75 #2) (5280_f£t) (12 in.) (25.40 he) C1 mi 1 ft 33.5 m/s Ans. 1+30* The fuel consumption of an automobile is 14 km/L. The fuel consumption, in miles per gallon, is? SOLUTION Fe = (3 # | (2578 4) (hth) 32,93 mi/gal # 32.9 ai/gal T gal } (7-609 ka)ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2n F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-31 An automobile has a 350-in: engine displacement. The engine displacenent, in liters, is? SOLUTION E ) [as 25,736 La 5.74 L 1-32 How many barrels of oil are contained in 100 kL of oil? One barrel (petroleum) equals 42.0 gal. ‘SOLUTION v {100.107 4} js pearcet| = 629 barrels 1-334 Express a speed of 20 nm/h (1 nautical mile = 6076 ft) in units of kilometers per minute. SOLUTION na) (6076 ft)(_1h_)(0.3048 a) (20 #2) OS) farts) CHE O-627 bain 1-34% One acre equals 43,560 ft: One hectare equals 10° a, Determine the number of acres in 500 hectares. SOLUTION “2 : A (600 hectare] (ot) fase 1 acre hectare, 2 a 43,560 ft’ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-35 Verify the conversion factors listed in Table 1-6 for converting the following quantities from U.S. Customary units to SI units by using the values listed for length as defined values: (a) Velocity (b) Acceleration SOLUTION (a) Velocity: = 0.0254 a/s Ans. | 0.3048 m/s Ans. } = 1.609 km/h Ans. : i ae). 5 2 (b) Acceleration: {i 4) (ek =) = 0.0254 a/s ans. = 0.3038 n/s* 1-36 Verify the conversion factors listed in Table 1-6 for converting the following quantities from SI units to U.S. Customary units by using the values listed for length as defined values: (a) Area (b) Volume use 1 gal = 231 ins and 1 L = 0.001 a. SOLUTION = 1950 ins ans. (a) Area: = 10.76 ee Ans. (b) Volume: = 61.02(10°°) ins Ans. = 35.31 ft Ans. = 0,2642 gal ans. ff 0,001 (1 4} gorENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed, F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-37% Verify the conversion factors listed in Table 1-6 for converting the following quantities from U.S. Customary units to SI units by using the values listed for length and force as defined values: (a) Mass (b) Distributed load SOLUTION (a) Nass: . 1 lb-s*/ft 1 ft 4.448 N 1k (an) 2 ast) (sta 8] «a0 a (b) Distributed load: 1b) (4.448 N)(_1 et (: aes T 1b | (atit a) ee 38% Verify the conversion factors listed in Table 1-6 for converting the following quantities from SI units to U.S. Customary units by using the values listed for length and mass as defined values: (a) Pressure or stress (b) Bending moment or torque SOLUTION (a) Pressure or stress: T Pa 3.281 Ft, + a) ei a] 4.59 kg, slug - 2 3 : = 0,1450(107°) b/in? 10° Pa = 0.1450 psi 145.0 psi (b) Bending moment or torque: en} (-22b 1 ft : (1 5} (BI GanINGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed, W. F, RILEY AND L. D, STURGES 1-39 One acre equals 43,560 ft? One gallon equals 231 in; Determine the number of liters of water in 2500 acre-ft of water. SOLUTION cpr) (432560_£t) (12 in.]°|_1 gat | (3.785 1! ‘2500 acre- tt) (432560 ft ) (3.785 acre rte} (Gar and} eal = 3.083(10°) L a 3.08(10°) 1. The viscosity of crude oj1 under,conditions of standard temperature and pressure is 7.13(10°,) N+s/a. The viscosity of crude oil in U.S. Customary units (1b:s/ft’) is? SOLUTION lbes b= 7.13007) 1 ) (2 go4e-s) = $ fe sea (eee) = 24890 1-41 The air pressure in an automobile tire is 35 psi. Express the pressure in appropriate SI units (kPa) by using the values listed in Table 1-6 for length and force as defined values. SOLUTION 35_1b ase 3] feast in. 1 Pa Fe &P: pe = 241 kPa in? Llib 1 1 w/a | Li000 1-42 The stress in a steel bar is 150 MPa. Express the stress in appropriate U.S. Customary units (ksi) by using the values listed in Table 1-6 for length and force as defined values. SOLUTION 2 0 = 160 MPa = 150(10°) Pa ours (222828) tt = 21,75(10°) lb/in? & 21.8 ksiENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-43% Express the density, in SI units (kg/n’),,0f a specimen of material that has a specific weight of 0.284 Ib/in. SOLUTION i : 0.284 1b/i 798.7(107%) 188 32.17(12) in. /s int 2 4 2 - 448 N) (39.37 in.) “(1 kg-m/s 3 Freed O ies Tb f t ) f a 7860 kg/m Ans. 1-44% Express the specific weight, in U.S. Customary units,(1b/in:), of a specimen of material that has a density of 4500 kg/m: SOLUTION = 4500 Mf |o,807 #5}|—1% | = 45,13(10°) 4 . 3 39,37 in. 2 3) XL (1th in ie 3 Mie te aa0 de (eat al | = 01626 1b/in: By definition, 1 hp = 33,000 ft+lb/min and 1 W = 1.N-m/s. Verify the| conversion factors listed in Table 1-6 for converting power from U.S. Customary units to SI units by using the values listed for length and| force as defined values. SOLUTION ; ftclb . , ft-lb f0.3048 a] sue Ny sts bre Sr IN = 33,000 a: (0.3048 a [4 448 NJ [2 sin} 1.3558 W a 1.356 W at] = me. 1-46 ‘The specific heat of air under standard atmospheric pressure, in SI units, is 1003 Nem/kg-K. The specific heat of air under standard atmospheric pressure, in U.S. Customary units (ft>lb/slug-°R), is? SOLUTION 1003 B® f 1b f 281 ft) ( kg kek (ew Te T slugENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS RILRY AND L. D, STURGES If F is a force, m, and m, are masses, and r is a distance, determine! the dimensions of G. SOLUTION 1-48* The elongation of a bar of uniform cross section subjected to an axial force is given by the equation 52 is What are the dimensions of £ if 6 and L are lengths, P is a force, and Ais an area? SOLUTION 2 e =. Wee a, ae (L")(b) LT 1-49 An important parameter in certain types of fluid flow problems when a free surface is present is the Froude number (Fr) which can be expressed in equation form as aye Fr = ee] where p is the density of the fluid, v is a velocity, L is a length, and w is the specific weight of the fluid. Show that the Froude nunber is dimensionless. SOLUTION ave [ow Lt. ve re) = 1 (Dimensionless) (L)(M/L°T") IsENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. —W. F. RILEY AND L. D, STURGES 1-50 An important parameter in fluid flow problems involving thin films is the Weber number (We) which can be expressed in equation form as. : where P is the density of the fluid, v is a velocity, L is a length, dimensionless, what are the dimensions of the surface tension 9? SOLUTION Ans. 2 um? o = Bek - nyu?) We 1) ee —_—_—_— 1-61* The period of oscillation of a simple pendulum is given by the equation a T = kb/s) where T is in seconds, L is in feet, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and k is a constant. What are the dimensions of k for dimensional homogeneity? SOLUTION = ——1— = 1 (inensioniess) Ans. oe Wie Yunus) 1-52* In the equation 12 + vt + Jat Hanae: y and y, are distances, v is a velocity, a is an acceleration, and t is time. Is the equation dimensionally homogeneous? SOLUTION yee vt = (L/THT) = b gat? = aut? )(ny? = ALL terms have the dimension L; therefore, the equation is dimensionally homogeneous. Ans. “ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F, RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-63 The modulus k of a coil spring (force required to stretch the spring a unit distance} can be expressed in equation form as ‘ ke ot akon in which r and R are lengths and n is a dimensionless number. Determine the dimensions of G (a property of the spring material). SOLUTION MCULU VAM ATU Me! ay 1-54 In the dimensiomally homogeneous equation 2 Wy’ usa - 3 F is a force, W is a force, d is a length, and v is a linear velocity Determine the dimensions of U and g. SOLUTION Fd = (ML/T*)(L) = ML?/T* All terms have the dimension ML°/T*: v= MLyT* Ans. ame cme ys? = yn? ans, CA(MLY/T") @ is @ stress, A is an area, M is moment of a force, and c is a length. Determine the dimensions of P and I. SOLUTION ALL terms have the dimension M/LT*: (usury?) = ML/T? ML?/T?)(L) 2 yt oir)ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ei RILEY AND STURGES 1-56* In the dimensionally homogeneous equation = tev? + tye? pa = dav? + du dis a length, m is a mass, v is a linear velocity, and is an angular velocity. Determine the dimensions of P and I. SOLUTION Cron)? = mi? ALL terms have the dimension ML*/T°: wi? /7? 2p tay ye Hes yy? ust? 3 aust 1-57 In the dimensiomally homogeneous equation Tr, ve st 1b t is a stress, T is a torque, V is a force, r and b are Lengths, and I is @ second moment of an area. Determine the dimensions of J and a SOLUTION ALL terms have the dimension M/LT*: (wir? (U4) Ly _ ye E/T) (uur) (ML/T*) ut ae 1-58 In the dimensiomally homogeneous equation 2 arr t is a stress, A is an area, T is a torque, and r is a length. Determine the dimensions of P and J. SOLUTION ALL terms have the dimension M/LT*: 2 in? cme? /t? P= (M/LT)(L*) = ML/T® 4 (M/LT")ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. —W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-594 The equation x = Ae”‘’” sin (at + &) is dimensionally homogeneous. If A is a length and t is tine, determine the dimensions of x, a, by and o. SOLUTION i therefore bet Ans at=a(T)=1 therefore act a = 1 (Dimensionless) Ans. x= AQ) = LQ) = Lb Ans. DR 1-60 In the dimensionally homogeneous equation w = x° + ax” + bx + a'b/x, if x is.a length, what are the dimensions of a, b, and w? SOLUTION If x = L, each term has the dimension L*: ax’ = a(L*) 6 7 5 B b(L) 1-61 Determine the dimensions of a, b, c, and y in the dimensionally homogeneous equation ye ie oe [me wo] in which A is a length and t is time. SOLUTION bt = b(7) = 1 bet ans. A-a? bt =A - a ed a ¢ = 1 (dimensionless) 1 (dimensionless) AC) = B)G)ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-82 Determine the dizensions of , 6, ks and P in the differential austen : dt’ in which m is nase. x is Length, and ¢ ts tine, SOLUTION 2, a SE = wr) = mT? at All terms have the dimension ML/T 2 x ML/T’ kx must? ot 1 (dimensioniess) P cos wt ML/T* 1-63% Round off the following numbers to two significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. (a) 0.0153 (b) 0.0347 (ec) 0.0566 SOLUTIONENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-64% Round off the following numbers to two significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. (a) 0.8374 (b) 0.4729 (ce) 0.6644 SOLUTION (a) For 0.84: +0,310 % Ans. (b) For 0.47: 1-65 Round off the following numbers to two significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. (a) 1.8394 {b) 3.4629 (co) 8.7523 SOLUTION (100) i 1.8 = 1.8394 oe (a) For 1.8: Shier (100) = -2.14 x ans. (b) For 8.5: BB = 8.4829 (199) = +1071 a Ans. (c) For 6 = 40.706 % ans.F, RILEY AND STURGES ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nc 1-66 Round off the following numbers to two significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. (a) 3.6544 (b) 7.5638 fe) 8.9223 SOLUTION (a) For 3.7: (100) = +1.248 x ans. (b) For 7.6: (400) = 40.479 x Ans. (c) For 8.9: 8:9 — 8.9223 (199) = -0.250 x ana, 8.9223, 1-67* Round off the following numbers to three significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. (a) 26.394 (b) 74.829 (ce) 58.336 SOLUTION % Diff = (a) For 26.4: 36-394 (100) = +0.0227 % ‘Ans. (b) For 74.8: 14.8 — 74-822 (100) = -0.0388 * Ans. (ce) For 85.3: 58.5 $5:888 (100) = -0.0651 x Ang.ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-68* Round off the following numbers to three significant figures. the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. (a) 374.93 (b) 826.48 fc) 349.33 Find SOLUTION 375 = 374.93 (a) For 375: Fieay (100) = +0.01867 « ans. i 826 - 826.48 ae (b) For 826: Fete (100) = -0.0881 % ans. 349 - 349.33 349.33 (c) For 349: (100) = -0.0945 % Ans. 1-69 Round off the following numbers to three significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. (a) 6471.9 (b) 3628.7 (ce) 1738.2 SOLUTION % Diff = 6470 - 6471.9 STLa (100) (a) For 6470: 0.0294 % Ans. For 3630: 40.0358 X {b) 40,0233 % For 1740: te)RILEY AND ‘STURGES Ed, ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2ni 1-70 Round off the following numbers to three significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. (a) 8521.4 (b) 6748.3 (c) 9378.7 SOLUTION ‘ 8520 - 8521.4 eG (a) For 8520: Tea (100) = -0.01643 x ans. . 6150 - 6748.3 . (b) For 6750: $780 BUAB-3 (100) = 40.0252 % ans. ; 9380 - 9378.7 : {c) For 9380: Sa7e To (100) = +0.01386 % Ans. 1-71* Round off the following numbers to four significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. (a) 63,746.2 (b) 27,382.6 (c) 58,129.9 SOLUTION % Diff = (100) (a) For 63,750: $3,750 — 63,746-2 (199) = +0.00596 x Ans. 63, 746.2 27,380 - 27,382.6 ‘| =~ (b) For 27,380: 27, 382-6 (100) = -0.00950% Ans. ; 55,130 - 55,129.9 (c) For 55,130: 3571399 (100) +0,0001814 % Ans.fa) 937,284 tb) ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 1-72% Round off the following numbers to four significant figures. the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. 274,918 W. P. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES Find (ce) 339,872 ‘SOLUTION x Dif! (a) For 937,300: (b) For 274,900: 7 {c) For 339,900: 389,900 = $89,872 (100) = (a) 918,273 (b) f 987,300 - 997,284 987,300 ~ 937,284 937,284 (100) 274,900 - 274,918 74,918 139,872 1-73 Round off the following numbers to four significant figures. the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. 284,739 (100) +0,001707 x Ans, (100) = -0.00655 % Ans. +0.00824 x Ans. Find (oc) 342,691 SOLUTION (a) For 918,300: 284,700 ~ 284,739 (499) 284,739 {b) For 284,700: (c) For 342,700: 918,300 - 918,273 918,273 a 342,700 - 342,691 342,691 2s = 40.0294 % Ans. = -0.01370 % Ans. (100) = 0,00263 % Ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. F. RILEY AND L, D. STURGES 1-74 Round off the following numbers to four significant figures. Find the percent difference between each rounded-off number and the original number by using the original number as the reference. (a) 624,373 (b) 785,239 (c) 936,491 SOLUTION a : 624,400 - 624,373 (a) For 624,400: $24,373 (100) = +0,00432 Ans. 785,200 - 785,239 i 185,200 - 785,239 7 (b) For 785,200: an (100) = -0.00497 x Ang. 936,500 - 956,491 ‘| (c) For 936,500: 336,081 (100) = +0.000961 % Ans. 26ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES C1-75 A common practice in rounding answers is to report numbers whose leading digit is 1 to an accuracy of 4 significant figures and all other numbers to an accuracy of 3 significant figures, Although this practice probably started with the accuracy with which slide rules could be read, it also reflects the fact that an accuracy of greater than 0.2 percent is seldom possible. This project will examine the error introduced by this and some other rounding schemes. For each of the rounding schemes below, 1. Generate 20,000 random numbers between 1 and 10 2. Round each number to the specified number of significant Figures. (Note that 3 significant figures is equivalent to 2 decimal places, 4 significant figures is equivalent to 3 decimal places, etc., since all numbers are between 1 and 10.) 3. Calculate the percent relative error for each number. Number - RoundNumber PercentRelBrror = |—Susber —RovndNunber_|+100 4, Plot PercentRelError versus Number. 5. Comment on the maximum round-off error and the distribution of round-off error. a, Round all numbers to an accuracy of 3 significant figures. b. Round numbers less than 2 to an accuracy of 4 significant figures and numbers greater than 2 to an accuracy of 3 significant figures. c. Round numbers less than 3 to an accuracy of 4 significant figures and numbers greater than 3 to an accuracy of 3 significant figures. d. Round numbers less than 5 to an accuracy of 4 significant figures and numbers greater than 5 to an accuracy of 3 significant figures. SOLUTION 27ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Bd. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURG C1-75 (Continued)ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. F. RILEY AND L, D. STURGES (1-76 When engineers deal with angles, they are usually more interested in the sine or cosine of the angle than they arg with the angle itself. Since sin 5 = cos 85 sin 175 sin 1085 = .... = 0.08716 the rounding of angles requires a different scheme than that described in Problem C1-75. That is, angles should be rounded to a specified number of decimal places rather than a specified number of significant figures. This project will examine the error introduced by rounding angles to various numbers of decimal places. For each of the cases below, z : 1. Generate 20,000 random angles between 1 and 89 . (Use a random number generator that produces decimal numbers and not just integers.) Calculate the sine and cosine of each angle. 2. Round each angle to the specified number of decimal places and calculate the sine and cosine of the rounded angle. 3. Calculate the percent relative error for each angle. | sintanade) — sin(Roundanste) [4109 PercentRelError ‘sin(Angle} or PercentRelError Ssatingte} 4, Plot PercentRelrror versus Angle. 5. Comment on the maximum round-off error and the distribution of round-off error. |-sostantel = costteundngtel |sio9 Round all angles to an accuracy of 1 decimal place. ; Round all angles to an accuracy of 2 decimal places. Round angles less than 10 to an accuracy of 3 decimal places and angles greater than 10° to an accuracy of 2 decimal places. SOLUTION # (a) sin xBRING MECHANICS 1-76 (Continued) STATICS, 2nd. Ed. We Fe RILEY AND 0 (a) CosxENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. —¥. FP. RILEY AND (1-77 When two numbers are added or multiplied together, the result is always less accurate than the original numbers. This project will examine the error introduced by rounding two numbers before they are nultiplied together. a. Generate 80 random numbers between 4.51 and 5.49 (that is, 5 £0.14RND). If any pair of these numbers are rounded to the nearest integer (5) and then multiplied together, the result Will be 25. How does this result compare with the correct product obtained by multiplying the original two numbers together? Is the result accurate to the nearest integer? Is ‘the result accurate to less than 10 percent? Repeat part a for numbers between 49.51 and 50.49 (50 £ 0,01*RND). Is the result accurate to the nearest integer? Is the result accurate to less than 1 percent? es Generate 20,000 random integers between 1 and 49. For each integer N, generate two random numbers which will round to that integer = Nt 0.5#RND N2 = N + 0.54#RND Plot the percent relative difference in the products | Ni#N2 — NEN NaN versus N, Compare this with the percent relative difference in the original numbers ProdDiff *100 Ni - Numbiff = [e100 SOLUTION Prov. DIFF 3)ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATI RILEY AND L. D. STU C1-77 (Continued) ° 10 20 30 0 50 Num DiFF OD 8 eo Nom Dirr (2) seF. RILEY AND L. ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2n¢ 1-78* The planet Neptune has a mass of 1.03(10°°) kg and a visible diameter (top of the cloud layers) of 4.86(10°) m. Determine th gravitational acceleration g at the top of the cloud layers. STURGES SOLUTION 6 aan 2 = $:673(10"°7}1.03) 10") = 416398 n/s? @ 11.64 0/5? (2.43(107)1 1-79 The weight of the first Russian satellite, Sputnik I, on the sur: of the earth was 184 lb. Determine the force exerted on the satellite by the earth at the low and high points of its orbit w! were 149 mi and 597 mi, respectively, above the surface of the e ans. face hich arth. SOLUTION w From Ba. (1-2): P= 3 n= He Bh = 5.720 slug From Table 1-1: r= 2.090(10") ft = 2,090(107) + 149(5280) = 2.169(10) ft = 8, 23 3.439(10"°) (4.095) (107°1(5.720) © yay 9 yy F Ans. - [2.169(107))? fy = fo t By = 2-090(10") + 597(5280) = 2.405(10") fe 8 23 pes = 3:439(107*) (4.095) (10%*)(5.720) © 1595 1p aoa (2.408 (107)]” The plapet Jupiter has a mass of 1.90(10°") kg and a radius of and jypiter when the minimum distance between the two planets is 6(10) a. 7.14(10°) m, Determine the force of attraction between the earth SOLUTION Gas oo 24 27 p= SteMs _ 8.673(10"'*)(5.976)(10°*)(1.90)(107") _ 9 r9¢10'%) w (6(10"*)1? Ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Bd. — W. F, RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-81 On the surface of the earth the weight of a body is 200 1b. distance from the center of the earth would the weight of the At what body be (a) 100 1b? (b) 50 1b? SOLUTION Fron Eqs. (1-2): Fs Fr? = wr? Therefor v= SWee/E (a) For F 9 (2+090)(10") = 2.96107) Ft ans. (b) For F £08 (2.090107) = 4.18(107) ft 1-82 At what distance from the center of the earth would the force of attraction between two spheres 1m in diameter in contact equal the force of attraction of the earth on one of the spheres? The mass of each sphere is 250 kg. SOLUTION Fron Eq. (1-2): Pe? st : (Qr,) aren z a pe fees f MOST UENO 5 0,1546(10"7) Ans. 1-83% The weight of a satellite on the surface of the earth prior to launch is 250 1b. then the satellite is in orbit 59U0 miles from the surface of the earth, determine the force of attraction between the earth and the satellite. SOLUTION From Bq. (1-2): F ae be ys TTT slug From Table 1-1: 2.090(10") ft r=ory +h = 2.090(10") + 5000(5280) = 4.730(10") ft ° Gan -8 23 Bp = eth = 24991077) (4.095) U0" )17.771) © 48.9 a ae r {4.730(107)} 34sTatic: ENGINEERING MECHANICS F. RILEY AND 1-84 A fluid has a dynamic viscosity of 1.2(107°) N-s/m,. Express its dynamic viscosity in U.S. Customary units (1b-s/ft"}. SOLUTION 8 Ibes rt? = 2.5110 Ans. 2 : -3) Neg (0.2248 1b) (0.3048 o} we rz) £8 f TON } (2-3088-8} 1-85 The stress equation for eccentric loading of a short colum is BL Pey a A T If P is a force, A is an area, and e and y are lengths, what are the dimensions of stress ¢ and second moment of area I? SOLUTION 2 Be MTS war® a2 ALL terms have the dimension M/LT* =ut ans. 2. oe wir? y = Wer yu) tL) (a/b?) 1-86* Determine the dimension of c in the dimensionally homogeneous equation in which v is a velocity, » is amass, t is time, and g is the gravitational acceleration. SOLUTION ate nt = 1 (Dimensionless) c= N/T {: - eet!ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 1-87* In the dimensionally homogeneous equation R = cv + ag, R is a force, v is a velocity, and g is an acceleration. Determine the dimensions of a and c. SOLUTION ALL terms have the dimension ML/T ev = c(L/T) = ML/T* ag = a(L/t*) = ML/T* When a body moves through a fluid it experiences a rgsistgnce to its motion which can be represented by the equation F = 3C,pV'A where F is a force, P is the density of the fluid, V is the velocity of the body relative to the fluid, and A is the cross-sectional area of the body. Show that the drag coefficient C, is dimensionless. SOLUTION 2 cy = 2B 2 WT ___ ss (ainensiontess) eva (ML? )(L/T) UL") 1-89 Develop an expression for the change in gravitational acceleration 4g between the surface of the earth and a height h when h << R.. SOLUTION From Eq. (1-3): Therefore: Gnh(2r, +h) rir, # hyMECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed, W. F, RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-14 Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the x axis and the Line of action of the resultant for the to forces shown in Fig. P2-1. SOLUTION From Eq. 2-1: meee = FS + Fo + BFF, cos > 120° + 90° + 2(120)(90) cos 90° 130.0 1b R= 150.0 lb 2 36.9° ans. 2-28 Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the x axis and the line aN of action of the resultant for the txo forces shown in Fig. P2-2 SOLUTION From Eq. 2-1: ere Re? Ro = Fi + FS + 2FLP, cos ® 60° + 54° + 2(601(54) cos 60° » 98.77 & 98.8.N From Eq. 2-2: -1 F, sino g ° isin 60°. 28.26° R= 98.8N 228.3" ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS ~ STATICS, 2nd. Ed, Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle 0 between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-3. SOLUTION go° + 29° - 21° = 98° Aso \b Bqs. 2-1 and 2-2: FE 4 FS + 2F,F, cos & 4807 + 4007 + 2(480)(400) cos 98° 580.48 # 580 1b ay Fp sin ® sin ; Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the x axis and the Line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-4. 580 1b 2 64,0° Ans, ‘SOLUTION @ = 90° - 14° - 26° = 50° Eqs. 2-1 and 2-2: 2 + FE + 28, cos & 1 250° + 2007 + 2(2501(200) cos 50° 408.39 & 408 N -1 Fz ein @ -1 200 sin 50° fa RSP 408.39 B+ 14° = 22,03° + 14° = 36,03° @ 36.0° 22,03° R= 408 N 2 36.0° Ans.F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Bd. Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle between the x axis and the Line of action of the resultant ror the txo forces shown in Fig. P2-3. SOLUTION From Eqs. 2-1 and 2-2: ware B+ OFF, cos = 250° + 6007 + 2(250)(600) cos 30° R = 826.02 lb & 826 lb uF, sino i B= sin a 2 sin) B + 40° = 21.90" + 30° R = 826 ib 251.3" ans. 2-6% Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle 9 between the x axis and the Line aan of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-6. 4 SOLUTION = 36° + 24 from Eqs. 2-1 and etiaa: a? FL + PS + 2F.P, cos ® = 1o® + 25° + 2(10)(25) cos 60° R= 31.22 KN & 31.2 kN F, sin ® ° = sin”? 25-sin 60! ae R a 31.22 B- 24 = 43,91 - 24 = 19.91° = 43,91° R= 31.2 kN 2 19.91ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2ni F. RILEY AND STURGES Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle 6 between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-7. SOLUTION 45° + 60° = 105 2 1 6007 + 8007 + 2(600}(800) cos 105° 2 + Fl + 2\F, cos > 866.91 1b & 867 1b sino : = gin’? $00-sin 105) o a ain rah 63.046 B + 30 = 63.046 + 30 = 93.046° & 93.0° R = 867 1b & 87.0" Ans. Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle & between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-8. SOLUTION = 48° + 59° = 107° 2 tap a? = Fo 4 Fl + 2F,F, cos ® 780° + 650° + 2(780)(650) cos 107° 856.99 Nw 857 N F, sin ® ° 2 = ein? $50. sin 107° | yy ane sin z= sin Be = 16.50 59° - B = 59 - 46.50 = 12.50° R = 857 N & 12.50"ENGINEERING MECHANICS 2-9* Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the x axis and the line of action of the resuitant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-9. STATICS, 2nd. Ed. F, RILEY AND L, D. STURGES SOLUTION = 180° - 62° - 52° = 66) 2 pry pe R= Pl + Fe + 2F,F, cos & 450° + 600° + 2(450)(600) R = 884.39 lb @ 884 1b F, sin ® B= sin’? 22 = sin B - 38° = 38,300" - 38 2-10* Deter between the x axis and tl the two forces shown in SOLUTION @ = 60° + 45° = 105° - ae Ros Fl + Fo + 2P,F, cos & = 4007 + 350° + 2(400)(350) R= 458.29 N @ 458 N sine yt = 45° ne the magnitude of the resultant Rand the angle @ ie of action of the resultant for sin 105° cos 66° R = uB4 lb 20.300" Ans, he Line Fig. P2-10. or as 400 Fig, P2410 cos 105° 158.29 2.59° 4ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed, RILEY AND 2-11 Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle & between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the to forces shown in Fig. P2-11, SOLUTION 15 3 From Eqs. 2-1 and 2-2: = 180° - tan 120.96" 2, = Fi + FS + 2F\F, cos & 110° + 907 + 2(1101(90) cos 120.96° ==% Nob 100.07 Ib # 100.1 1b a1 Fy sin ~1 90 sin 120.96? ain”' 2——— » sin”? S0.8in 120.96" z 100.07 = 30-46 100.1 1b 2 50.5° Ans. 2-12% Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-12. sO Nuz0n Fig. P2412. SOLUTION = 190° + tan”' 53 - tan"? From Eqs. 2-1 and 2-22 22 2 gt R= Fo + Fo + ORF, cos # 210° + 1707 + 2(210)(170) cos 134.42° 151.74 N @ 151.7 N B - 22,62 = 53.15 - 22.62 = 30.53 & 30.5° BR = 151.7 N 230.5"ENGINEER MECHANICS - STATICS, znd. Ed. F. RILEY AND L, D. STURGES 2-13 Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle 0 between the x axis and the Line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-13. SOLUTION #2 tan ' d= tan? 2 = 54.16" 3 From Eqs. 2-1 and 2-2: 2 mad Fi + FS + 2F,F, cos + = 600° + 500° + 2(600)(500) cos 54.16” R = 980.47 1b & 980 1b 1 Fp sin @ 1 300 sin 54.16° 8 = sin’' + >— = sin ct @ = B + 21.80 = 24.42 + 21.80 = 16.22 46.2 R = 980 1b 2 46.2" Ans. 4 Determine the magnitude of the resuitant R and the angle ® between the x axis and the Line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. PZ 14. SOLUTION = 180° — cant $+ tant Be 19,709 From Eqs. 2-1 and 2-2: acu ee Fi + Fp + 25,F, cos & ®. 240? + 1807 + 2(240)(180) cos 79.70° R = 924,73 Nw 325 N F, sin ® See see eee a -1 180 sin 79.70° _ ° B= sin z sin Sag = 33.05 B + 36.87 = 33.05 + 36.87 = 69.92" # 69.9" R= 325 N269.9° Ans. 43ENGINEERING MECHANICS ~ STATICS, 2nd. Rd. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-15 Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown a in Pig. P2-15. SOLUTION From Eq. 2-1: pte a? 2 P+ Fo 4 2FLR, cos # = 8007 + 10007 + 2(8001(1000) cos 127.14° R = 820.96 lb & 821 1b From Bq. 2-2: F, sin ® 1 ° cee = pint? 1000 sin 127.14" _ 3g 70 8 = sin” 2 — « sin sin TM 76.17) © = B + 20.85° = 76.17 + 20.85 = 97.02° » 97.0° R = 821 1b S 83.0° Ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. RILEY AND L. D, STURGES 2-16 Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-16. ‘SOLUTION e 88 og. a4? 8, = tan jz0 = 28.44 = tan”? 29 = 30,267 a, = tan Jz0 * (30,26 = 180° - 28.44° - 30.26" = 121.30° . T40N From Bq. 2-1: ester Re = Fo + F) + 2F,F, cos > 8257 + 7407 + 2(825)(740) cos 121.30° > 770.64 N @ 771.N From Eq. 2-2: F, sin e wt Fe = sin’? 240-sim 121.30" © 55 44° an ® 770.64 » @ B+ 28.44 = 55,14 + 28,44 = 83.58" & 83,6" R= 771.N 2 83.6° Ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Bd. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-17* Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle © between the y x axis and the line of action of the resultant on for the three forces : 750 shown in Fig, P2-17. Ere Sor 900 Fig. P2417, SOLUTION 60° + 45 From Eq. 2-1: 2 2 = 750° + 8007 + 2(750)(800) cos 105° Ria = FL + FS + 2k F, cos Ry, = 944.41 lb # 944 Ib From Eq. 2-2: aa Fy sin dy Rye -1 800 sin 1 944,01 = 54,91" Similarly: o, = 30° + B, = 30° + 54,91° = 84.91" 2. pe, pe RP = Fo + RY, + 2P,R,, cos $, = 9007 + 944.417 + 2(9001(944.41) cos 84.91% R= 1361.15 1b © 1361 1b R,, sin 4, : a2 2 B, = sin z = gin7? 244-41 sin 84.91" © 44 799 cae 1361.15 pti R= 1361 lb 243.7" ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ee D, STURGES 2-18* Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-18. SOLUTION eae FE + FE + 2F,F, cos 6, 78? + 507 + 2(751(30) cos 70° 103.39 KN @ 103.4 iW -1 30 sin 70° Tos.39 * 27-08 sin Similarly: , = 40° + (70° ~ By) 40° + (70° - 27.03°) = 82.97° 2 + IRF, cos #, 103.397 + 407 + 2(103.39)(40) cos 115.33 KN a 115.3 KN F, sin z +1 40 sin 82.97° 115-33, sin = 20,13° 20° + B, + B, = 20 + 27.03" + 20,13° = 67.16 & 67.2" R= 115.3 kN 2 67.2°ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS. + F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-19 Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the x axis and the Line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-19, SOLUTION + 2(25)(60) cos 155° = 2 Ry, = 38.81 kip © 38.8 kip 12 wart ae = gin’? 82-8in 133° © 139,99? = sin’) OS = 139.20 Similariy: 250° - 139,20° = 110.80° + 2FR,, cos o, R = 51.27 kip # 51.3 kip So kt F, sin %, P re ae = si 48 3 kip S ans,ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2n¢ F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Pig. P2-20. SOLUTION From Eq. 2-1: Biaur a Fi + FO + 2F,F, cos 4, 3007 + 750° + 2(500)(750) cos 105° 786.38 N & 786 N 290° - 67,11" = 172.89° 2 Re + 786.38" + 2(100)(786.38) cos 172.89° + 2F,R,, cos o, 171.86° = 81.86° @ 81.97 R = 687 NB 81.9"ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. —W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-21® Determine the magnitude y of the resultant R and the angle between the x axis and the Line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-21. skip SOLUTION 40° + 10 From Eq. 2-1: Re = FL + FS + 2F\F, cos = 10° + 18° + 2(10)(15) cos 50° Ry, = 22-76 kip # +B kip From Eq. 2-2: -1 Fp sin Ay = 145° ~ 30.32" = 1de8” @ 1nd.7 242 o RP = Ro, + FS + 2RyF, cos = 22,76 + 20° + 2(22.76)(20) cos 114.68" R = 23,19 kip # 23.2 kip a1 Fy sino, ® -1 20 sin 114.68° 25.19 @ = B, + B, - 10° = 30.32" + 51.60° ~ 10 sin = sin 31,60° = 71.929 @ 71.9" R= 23.2 kip 271.9" 59F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. E 2-224 Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant o for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-22. SOLUTION , = 30° + 60° + 30° = 120 From Eq. 2-1: 2 2 ty gt Bothy t Fr + 2F\F, cos % = 3607 + 600% + 2(350)(600) cos 120° R,, = 522.02 N@ 522 N > @ Similarly: @, = 180° - (B, -30°) = 180° - (84,50° - 30°) = 125.50° aati tee ait R® = Rt + FS + AR, F, cos = 522.027 + 500° + 2(522.02)(500) cos 125.50° R = 468.37 Nw 468 e omtt 2 o, . ® -1 500 sin 125.50" _ 69 95° aaa 468.37 84.50° + 60.35° = 144.85° & 144.9° a, +P, R= 468.N'5 35.1° SIENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L, D, STURGES 2-23 Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-23. SOLUTION From Eq. 2-1: gute tet Fi +P) + 2P,F, cos , 700” + 500° + 2(7001(500) cos 95° R yp = 824.01 Ib & 824 Ib From Eq. 2-2: was 98008 -1 300 sin 95° 824.01 = sin Similarly: s 0 180° - (B, - 35°) = 180° - (37.19° - 35°) = 177.81° # 177.8" 2. pe 2 = Ri, + Fy + 2B, F, cos = " 824.017 + 950° + 2(824.01)(350) cos 177.81" Re 474,45 Ib & 474 1b uy Fa sin $, reece -1 350 sin 177.81" 7445 sin = sin = 1,615° ° = B, + B, -10° = 37,19° - 35° + 1,615° = 3.805° & 3,81° 474 Ib 2 3,81° Ans.su ENGINEERING MECHANICS Determine the magnit the angle @ between x axis and the Line action of the result: for the three forces shown in Fig, P2-24. of the resultant R and IATICS, AND L. D. STURGES ude the of ant SOLUTION , = 90° - 45° = 45 From Bq. 2-12 Paine rr ave Ria = Fy + RE + QE, cos = 20° + 507 + 2(20)(50 Ry, = 65-68 KN & 65.7 KN From Eq. 2-2: B, = sin” = saint? 30sin 45°. y Similarly: o, = 78° - By = 2, 2 Ri, + FE + 2B, LF, co: = 65.68° + 40" + 2(65. R = 98.96 KN & 99.0 kN sin 6, a o 1 40 sin 42.43) 98.96 = sin = 45° +B, +B, = 45 i ) cos 45° so, 68)(40) cos 42.43° = 15.83" + 32,57° + 15.83° = 93.40 R= 99.0 kN S 86.6 Ans. 53ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 21 RILEY AND L. STURGES 25% Determine the ude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the 20w 300 x axis and the line of action of the resultant 001 for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-25. SOLUTION 2 = 63.43° 2 = 63.43° f= 26.57" , = 180° - 63.43° - 63.43" = 53.14° From Eq. 2-1: 2 ey gt 2 2 ae RE, = Fi + FS + 2F,F, cos #, = 300° + 200° + 2(300)(200) cos 53.14 Ry, = 449.43 Ib & 449 Ib From Eq. 2-2: F, sin @ a Fe 1 8, = sin’? 2>—* Rye = gin7? 200 sin 53.14° ° 6, = sin) Os 20-86 \ Similarly: 84.297, @, = 90° - B, = 90° - 20.86° = 69.14° 2 a? 4 a? =? + Fo + OR, AF, cos = 449.437 + 5007 + 2(449.43)(500) cos 69.14” R = 782.3 lb # 782 1b Fy sin ¢, 1 500 gin 69.14° sin”? 500 sin 69.14" aaa Rea 782.3 copecet es 8, +B, +B, = 63.43° + 20.86° + 36.67° = 120.96? & 121.0° R = 782 1b & 59.0°D. STURGES W. F. RILEY AND L. ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 2-26* Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the 4s0n x axis and the line of action of the resultant 130" for the three forces shown ‘TOON 4 in Fig. P2-26. ate . 3s ; Fig F226 SOLUTION Rye 6, = tan™* 2 = 36,87° s ap Z = 3.43" . 750 N 2. ea.as : : 450N ” 2s a1.so? = 180° - 36.87° = 63.43° = 79. 70° 0 fae From Eqs. 2-1 and 2-2: Saar Ri, = FE + FE + P,P, cos, = 750° + 450° + 2(750)(450) cos 79.70° Ry, = 94.11 N@ 941 N ae win? 22S Rye +1 450 sin 79.70" _ 99 gg° an 941,11 s Similarly: -- £4.53 -% , = 180° - @, - = 180° - 36,87° ~ 21.80 - 28.06° = 93.27° eieeatcea a? = Re, + FS + 2R,4F, cos 6, 941.117 + 700° + 2(941.11)(700) cos 93.27° R = 1140.4 Nw 1140 N F, sin 4, ean GeaE sin 93.27° 1140 a = 37.79° 0, +B, + B, = 36.87° + 28.06 + 37.79° = 102.72° & 102.7° R= 1140 N 8 77,3° SSENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. F, RILEY AND L. Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-27. 45.00° 18.43° ole ele ae 53.13" 45.00° + 18.43° = 63.43° From Eq. 2-1: 2 R Fe 4 £2 + 2P,R, cos #, = 500° + 350° + 2(5001(350) cos 63.43" Ry, = 727.36 1b & 727 Ib From Eq. 2-2: F, sin , Rye : -1 950 sin 63.43 727,36 = sin Similarly: , = 0, + 45° — B, = 53.13? + 45° ~ 25.49° = 2 2 =n, + Fo + RAF, cos o a2Fa 727.36" + 250° + 2(727.36)(250) cos 72.64” 836.70 1b & 837 1b F, sin ®. ° sins? 2A" «sin sin 72.68" 16,970 = B, + B, - 45° = 25.49° + 16,57° - 45.00° = -2.94° R = 837 Ib ¥ 2.94°ENGINEERING MECHANICS 2-28 Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle @ between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-28. STATICS, 2nd. Ed, F. RILEY AND L, D. STURGES SOLUTION es a, = 8,5 , = 93,199 + 11.91% = 64.44" From Eq. 2-1: 2 eee - Ri, = Fy + Fy + 2F,F, cos, = Ry, = 887.02 N #887 N From Eq. 2-2: F, sin 8, = sin z 12 a = sin7? 250_-sin 64.44) 7s 887.02 Similarly: 4,28, Cai yan see a? = Re + Fe + 2R,AF, cos = 887.027 + 500° + 2(887.02)(500) cos 106.60° R = 885.10 N @ 885 N F, sin ®, sienna 6, = sin z sin @ = 8, +B, - @ = 14.730 + = 14,730° +0, - B, = 68.20° + 53.13° - 14.73° = -1 300_sin 106.60° Zi Ri oN 750° + 250° + 2(750)(250) cos 64.41° ‘ 3848>,, 106.60) eas710 = 32.78 32.78° - 53.19° = -5.62° R= 885 NS 5.62° Ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-29% Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle © between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the four forces shown in Fig. P2-29. coo Fig. P2-29 SOLUTION , = 30° + 20° = 50° From Eq. 2-1: 7 eee al : 30> 5. a = Fe + RE + ORF, cos >, a = 250" + 350° + 2(250)(350) cos 50° Ry 545.42 lb @ 545 1b From Eq, 2-2: Similarly: , = 180° - 20° - 30° = 130° eee Re, = FS + Fe + 2FF, cos = 300° + 6007 + 2(300)(600) cos 130° R,, = 467.54 lb * 468 1b na F, sin $, Raa p= ein 2 , = sin 7 ‘aa -1 600 sin 130° 467 BT 100.56 = sin2-298 (Continued) 360° - 80° - B, - B, = 360° ~ 80° - 29,44° - 100.56° = 150.00° io * Raq * 2Ry2R,, C08 o, = 545.427 + 467.547 + 2(545.421(467.54) cos 150° R = 272.75 Ib @ 273 Ib Fy, sin . -1 467.54 sin 150° i" 272.75 58.99° 0 = 8, +B, - 30° = 29.44° + 58.99° - 30 = 58.49° & 58,4° 273 lb 2 58.4° Ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-30 Determine the magnitude of the resultant R and the angle 0 between the x axis and the line of action of the resultant for the four forces shown in Fig. P2-30. SOLUTION , = 90° + 30° - 35° = 86) From Eq. 2-1: 2 2, pt ae = eo + Fe + OFF, 008 %, = 6007 + 750° + 2(600)(750) cos 85° R,, = 1000.47 N # 1000 N From Eq. 2-2: -1 750 sin 85° To00.47 — = 48-31 = sin Similarly: , = By + 35° + 30° = 48.31 + 95° + 30° = 113.91° ei tea st Riog = Rig + Fa t 2RygPy cos o, = 1000.47” + 5007 + 2(1000.47)(500) cos 113.31° Ry og = 924-69 N & 925 N 1 Fy sin % = 500 ein 119.31" sin 32169 = 29,77 123 6oENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2ni W. F. RILEY AND 2-30 (Continued) 90° + 30° + 35° + B, - B. 2 158° + 48,31° - 29,77° = 173.54° 2 2 Riog * Py + OR, s2aF4 008 by = 924.69" + 400° + 2(924.691(400) cos 173.54° 529.15 N @ 529.N 4ooWN - 8, > By 755° + 48,31° - 29.77° - 4.88" 2-41.34" & 41.3" 529 NG 41.3° a) STURGESENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-31* Determine the magnitudes of the u and v components of the 750-1b force shown in Fig, P2-31, SOLUTION From the law of sines: F By 750 sin 35° sin 45° sin 100° 437 Ib le the magnitudes of the u and v components . 1000 8 of the 1000-N force shown \ in Fig. P2-32. SOLUTION From the law of sines: F. ¥ 1000 sin 80° sin 50° sin 50° F, = 1000— cin 80° = 1286 N sin 50) p, = 2000— sin 50° = 1000 6ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2n 2-33 Determine the magnitudes of the u and v components of the 850-1b force shown in Fig, P2-33. P. RILEY AND L. SOLUTION From the law of sines: 850 sin 75° sin 30° sin 75° = —850— sin 75° = 850 1b sin 75° 850 sin 75 sin 30° = 440 1b Determine the magnitudes of the u and v components of the 1500-N force shown in Pig. P2-34. SOLUTION From the law of sines: F sin 75° sin 45° 1500 sin 60° 1500 sin 60° sin 75° sin 45° = 1500 Fin. P2346ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. E F. RILEY AND ‘STURGES 2-35% Two forces F, and F, are applied to a bracket as shown_in Fig. 2-35. The resultant R of the two forces has a magnitude of 600 1b, and the angle between the line of action of the ° resultant and the y-axis is 28°. Determine the magnitudes of forces F, and F,. SOLUTION From the law of sines: sin 65 600, sin 86° sin 3 292 ib 2-364 Two forces F, and F, are applied to a circular plate as shown in Fig. P2-36. The resultant R of the two forces has a magnitude of 900 N, and the angle between the line of action of the resultant and the x-axis is 30°. Determine the magnitudes of forces F. and FY. SOLUTION From the law of sines: F. sin 30' sin 75° = 900 N sin 30° = 466 NENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. W. F. RILEY AND L, D. STURGES ‘Two ropes are used to tow @ boat upstream a shown in Fig. P2-37. The resultant R of the rope forces FP and F has a magnitude of 400 Tb and its line of action is directed along the axis of the boat. Determine the magnitudes of forces Fy and F. SOLUTION mn 400 sin 40° sin 30° sin 110° Fr, = #0 sin 40° = 274 Ib sin 110 400 F, = —#2— sin 30° = 213 ib KR sin 110 Two cables are used to support a stoplight as shown in Fig. P2-38. The resultant R of the cable forces F, and F, has a magnitude of 1350 N and its line of action is vertical. Determine the magnitudes of forces F, and Fy 1350 sin 36.87° sin 45° sin 98.13° 1350 Fe 5 sin 36.87° = 818 N sin 98.13 r, = —1350_— gin 45° = 964.8 sin 98.13" ésENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W, F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-994 Two forces P. and F, are 7 applied to a bracket as shown in Fig. P2-39. If the resultant R of the two forces has a magnitude of 725 1b and a direction as shown on the figure, determine the magnitudes of forces F. and FY. SOLUTION sin 47,73° sin 82.88° sin 49.39° 1 sin 47,73° = 707 1 sin 49.39 #, = —128__ sin a2.88° = 948 Ib sin 49.39 K 2-40% Two forces F, and F, are applied to a bracket as shown in Fig. P2-40. If the resultant R of the tko forces has a magnitude of 375 N and a direction as shown on the figure, determine the magnitudes of forces F. and F. SOLUTION Ln F 375, sin 70.35° sin 42.27° sin 67.38° 378 sin 70.35° = 383 NENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 5 RILEY AND L. D, STURGES 41 A 2000-1b force is resisted by two pipe struts as shown in Fig. P2-41. Determine the component F of the force along the axis of strut AB and the component F, of the force along the axis of strut BC. SOLUTION Froa the law of sines: F F. passes ese = ~2000_ sin 45° sin 60° sin 75° 2000 Fr, = sin 45° = 1464 1b sin 75 F, = 1464 1b 2 60° Ans. 2000 — = 1793 1b sin 75 P= 1793 1b 3 45° ans. “7ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ei 2-42 A 750-N force is resisted by two pipe struts as shown in Fig. P2-42, Determine the component PF. of the force along the xis of atrut AC and the component Fy of the force along the axis of strut BC, W. F. RILEY AND D. STURGES SOLUTION From the law of sines: F F 750 sin 63.43° sin 45° sin 71.57° 750 sin 71.57° Fr sin 63.43° = 707 = 107 N 245° sin 71.57 FL = 559 Ny 63.4°ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2n¢ F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-43* Three forces are applied to a bracket as shown in Fig, P2-43. The magnitude of the resultant R of the three forces is 5000 1b. If the force F, has a magnitude of 3000 1b, determine the magnitudes of forces F, and F, . SOLUTION For the system of forces R-PL+P, +P, =F, +R, From the parallelogram of forces constructed using R and Fy 5122 1b + 3001 5000}(3000) cos 7! = B22 sin 75° For the second parallelogram: B= a@~- 24° = 34.45 - 24 = 10,45° Y= 74° - w= 74 - 34,45 = 39.55" Bateciing 5122 sin ¥ sin B sin 130° 5, = 22 sin y 2 S122 gin a0.55° = 4257.5 1h 4260 1) nw. sin 130) sin 130 5122 sin B Ib © 1213 1b Ans.ENGINERRING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. F, RILEY AND 2-44 A gusset plate is used to transfer forces from three bars to a beam as shown in Fig. P2-44. The magnitude of the resultant R of the three forces is 5000 N. If the force F, has a magnitude of 1000 N, determine the magnitudes of forces F, and F.. SOLUTION So00N For the aysten of forces: é . e \ “ry R-F, +P, +P, =F, +R, \ ig Reg From the parallelogram of forces constructed using R and F,: R,, = ¥1000" + 50007 - 2(1000)(5000) cos 5 2a roo , Fea _ _saz4 4424.N sina sin 5 ac sin”? 1000; 8in 50° 2 9,97 For the second parallelogram: B= 28° - @ = 25 - 9.97 = 15.03° 20 + 9.97 = 29.977 a = 4424 sinf sin y sin 135 4424 sin gp = $424STATICS, 2nd. Ed. ENGINEERING MECHANICS We Fe RIDEY AND STURGES 2-45% Determine the x and y scalar components of the force shown in Fig. P2-45. Fes a0 Fig. F245 SOLUTION F, = F cos @, = 800 cos 30° = 692.8 Ib & 693 1b Ans. F sin @, = 800 sin 30° = 400 lb Ans. 2-46* Determine the x and y scalar components of the force shown in Fig. P2-46. Fa 16508 ase Fig. P2-46, SOLUTION F, = F cos ®, = 1650 cos (90° - 25°) = 1650 cos 65° = 697.3 N * 697 N Ans. F, = F sin @, = 1650 sin (90° - 25°) 1650 sin 65° = 1495.4 N a 1495 N WENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS F, RILEY AND STURGES 2-47 Determine the x and y scalar components of the force shown in Fig. P2-47, ‘SOLUTION F cos @, = 275 cos 57° = 149,98 1b & 150.0 1b P sin @ = 275 sin 57° = 230.6 1b # 231 Ib Determine the x and y scalar components of the force shown in Fig. P2-48. SOLUTION F cos 8, = 325 cos (90 + 48°) -325 cos 42° = 241.5 N @ 242 N F, = F sin @, = 325 sin (90 + 48°) 325 sin 42° = 217.4. N @ 217 NENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATIC: W. PF. RILEY AND STURGES 2-49% Determine the x and y scalar components of the force shown in Fig. P2-49. SOLUTION F cos @, = 475 cos (180° + 22°) 475 cos 22° = -440.4 Ib & -440 1b F) = F sin 0, = 475 sin (180° + 22°) +475 sin 22° = -177.94 1b & -177.9 1b 2-50# Determine the x and y scalar components of the force shown in Fig, P2-50. SOLUTION = F cos 8, = 200 cos (-33°) 200 cos 33° = 167.73 N © 167.7 N 200 sin (-33°) 200 sin 33° = -108.93 N & -108.9 NENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ec F. RILEY AND 2-51 Determine the x and y scalar components of the force shown in Fig. P2-51. SOLUTION F, = F cos @, = 280(4/5) F, = F sin @ = 250(3/5) 2-52 Determine the x and y scalar components of the force shown in Fig. P2-52. SOLUTION F, = F cos @, = 10(-1//5) = -4.472 KN & 4.47 kN FY = F sin @, = 10(2//5) = 8.944 KN © 8.94 kW 2-534 Determine the x and y scalar components of the force shown in Fig. P2-53. SOLUTION F, = F cos @, = 300(2//5) = 268.3 lb & 268 Lb Fy = F sin @, = 300(-1//5) = -134.16 1b @ -134.2 1bENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. —W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-54% Determine the x and y scalar components of the force shown in Fig. P2-54. Fosw Fig, P54 SOLUTION |, = F cos 0, = 675(-5//29) = -626.7 N & -627 N Ans. FY =F sin 8, = 675(-2//29) = -250.7 N & -251 N Ans. Sian SEE ee 2-55% For the force shown in Fig. P2-55 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. (b) Express the force in Cartesian vector form. SOLUTION (a) Fy = F cos # = 1000 cos 25° = 906.3 1b F, = F sin © = 1000 sin 25° = 422.6 1b & 423 Ib ans. F, = F,, cos @ = 906.3 cos 130° = -582.6 1b & -583 1b Ans. F, = B,, sin @ = 906.3 sin 190° = 694.2 Ib @ 694 1b Ans. (b) P= -583 7 + 694 5 + 423 & Ans. 1SENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed, F. RILEY AND 2-56* For the force shown in Fig. P2-56 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force, (b) Express the force in Cartesian vector form. SOLUTION (a) FL, = F cos # = 900 cos 35° = 737.2 N F, = F sin ® = 900 sin 35° = 516.2 N &@ 516 N Ans. 737.2 cos 60° = 368.6 N © 369 N Ans. FL, cos @ “y FOF ein @ vo Bay 737.2 sin 60° = 638.4 Nw 638 N Ans. 369 T+ 638 J + 516 BN 2-57 For the force shown in Fig. P2-57 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. (b) Express the force in Cartesian vector form. Fig. P2-57 SOLUTION (a) PF, = F cos ® = 750 cos (~42") = 557.36 1b F, = F sin @ = 750 sin (-42°) = -501.8 lb # -502 1b ans. 557.36 cos (180° - 53°) FL =F, cos -335.4 1b @ -335 1b Ans. e x = Bay 6 557.36 sin (180° - 53°) = 445.1 1b % 445 1b Ans, FL =F, sin y > Pay -335 T+ 445 J - 502 & lb Ans. 76ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ei F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-58 For the force shown in Fig. P2-58 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. (b) Express the force in Cartesian vector fora. SOLUTION (a) Fy = F cos @ = 475 cos 60° = 237.5 N F sin @ = 475 sin 60° = 411.4 N@ 411 N xy 208 237.8 cos (-127°) = -142.93 N & -142.9 N fey #in 0 = 237.5 sin (-127°) = 189.68 N @ 189.7 N 142.9 T - 189.7 7+ 41 EN 2-598 For the force shown in Fig. P2-59 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. (b) Express the force in Cartesian vector form. F cos 6, = 254.6 Ib & 255 Ib F cos 8, 424.3 1b & 424 1b F cos @, = 6 = 339.4 1b & 339 Ib 255 2 + 4247 + 339ENGINEERING MECHANICS F. RILEY AND STATICS, 2n STURGES 2-604 For the force shown in Fig. P2-60 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. {b) Express the force in Cartesian vector fora. 3.742 o = 75,612 KN & -5,61 kN Ans. -11,224 KN & -11,22 kN ans. = 16.836 KN & 16.84 kN Ans. 16.84 R kN 2-61 For the force shown in Fig. P2-61 (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. (b) Express the force in Cartesian vector fora. SOLUTION (ay d = 4)? + C12)? + (7)? = 7208 = 14.457 2, = F cos 8 = 1500(-4/7209) = -415.03 1b # ~415 1b ane. F cos %, = 1500(12/7209) = 1245.09 1b # 1245 1b Ans. F cos 8, = 1500(7/Y208) = 726.30 1b & 726 Ib Ans. 415 T + 1245 7 + 726 & ib 78Fig. P2-62 ENGINEERING MECHANICS 2-62 For the force shown in ‘a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of the force. (b) Express the force in Cartesian vector form. STATICS, 2nd. Ei RILEY AND SOLUTION (a) d= ¥(-1)" + F, = F cos 8, F = F cos 0 Y y F cos 8, (1.5)? + ( 3.2882 625(~1/3,2882) = -190.07 N & -190.1 N Ans. 625(1.5/3.2882) = 285.1 N & 285 N Ans. 625(-2.75/3.2882) = -192.82 N & -192.8 N Ans. -190.1 7 + 285 J - 192.8 BN 77ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-634 Two forces are applied to an eyebolt as shown in Pig. P2-63. (a) Determine the x, y, and z scalar components of force Fy. (b) Express force F, in Cartesian vector form, (c) Determine the angle « between forces F, and F,. Fig. P2-63 SOLUTION (wo ang. ans. Ans. tb) Fy Ter J+ F,, R= -557 7 + 278 7 + 650 & Ib Ans. 7,2,2 z z 3 (co) dy = x5 + 9% + 25 = V6)" + (617 + (3)" = 9,00 Ft « = 30.73 # 30.7° ans. 80ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ei F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-64% Two forces are applied to an eyebolt as shown in Fig. 72-64, (a) Determine the x, y, and £ scalar components of force F,. () Expre carte force F, in n vector form. (c) Determine the angle « between forces F, and F,. Fig F264 SOLUTION =o [xi t vet af = 105)" + (-3)? + U1)? = 5.916 Fy, =P, cos 8, = sof5-553) = 25.35 KN a 25.4 kN Ans. Fy =F, cos 0, = 715.213 KN -15.21 kN ans. Fy, =F, cos 0, = ep = 5.071 kN & 5.07 KN Ans. ) Pps e ft Tt ey, Be 264 7 - 15.21 9+ 5.07 B iw ans. te), K2)? + (-3)? + (2)? = 4,123 nin 1+ Tim ® i+ itsine ir) fis) + (oe) (Gta) + (Fe fc) = 0,8609 & = 30.58 & 30.6" Ans. 8)ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. D. STURGES 2-65 Two forces are applied to an eyebolt as shown in Fig. P2-65. {a) Deter 2 scalar components of ne the x, y, and force F.. (b) Express force F, in Cartesian vector form, {c) Determine the magnitude of the rectangular component of force F, along the line of action of force F,. fe taee: + 22 = ¥(-6)" + (6)7 + (3)* = 8,00 Ft = 466.7 1b © -467 Ib ans. ) = 466.7 lb & 467 lb Ans. ) = 233.3 Ib & 233 Ib Ans. (b) FL =F, T+, 74+ F,, & = 466.7 T+ 466.7 7 + 233.3 & lb 27 Fox zy 2: & -467 T + 467 J + 299 & Ib ans. (ed 4, = 1-6)" + (3)? + (7)? = 9.695 tt 1 1 95 3 + acens ® -6 i -aseafgcg] +4081 = 601.7 Ib © 602 Ib Ans. {US et ea eee eee eee ee 82sERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ei W. F. RILEY AND 2-66 ‘Two forces are applied to an eyebolt as shown in Fig. P2-66. (a) (b) ) Determine the x, y, and 2 scalar components of force F,. Determine the magnitude of the rectangular component of force F, along the line of action of force Fy. aon Yay 7+ (3)? + 2)" = 4.123 = 50/2.) = = 50(23.) = -: - F, cos 8, = so( 355] 36.38 kN @ -36.4 kN = 2 F, cos 0, = so(z255] = 24.25 KN & 24,3 kN FL T+P, J+F,, & = 24.25 T - 36.38 J + 24.25 & kN 2 @ 24.3 T - 36.4 J + 24.3 EB kN = 43.04 KN & 43.0 kN 83 Ans. Ans. be2-67* Determine the magnitude R y of the resultant and the y= 30010 angle ®, between the line of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the two Fp=75 forces shown in Fig. P2-67. 2-67 SOLUTION R= F, cos 9, + F, cos @, = 500 cos 60° + 375 cos 30° = 574.8 Ib F, sin ©, + F, sin @, = 500 sin 60° + 375 sin 30° = 620.5 Ib ee we = feara.a)® + (620.5) = 845.8 1b # 846 1b -1 620.5 nS tat = 47,19° & 47,2° 2-68* Determine the magnitude R y of the resultant and the angle @, between the Line Fi aon of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-68. F,=30N Fig. P68. Ans. Ans. SOLUTION R, = F, cos 8, + F, cos @, = 400 cos 60° + 300 cos 45° = 412.1 N F, sin ©, + F, sin @, = 400 sin 60° + 300 sin 45° = 134.28 N we /r? + Re = M(412.1)7 + (134.28) = 439.4 Nw 433 8 a <1 134.28 412.1 18.048° & 18.05° 84 = tan Ans. Ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. —W. F. RILEY AND L. D, STURGES 2-69 Determine the magnitude R y of the resultant and the angle , between the Line of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-69. Fyeeno1 Fy 245000 Fig. F269, SOLUTION 2 2 2-70 Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angle @, between the line of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-70. F, cos 8, R= F, sin 6, + F, cos @, = 450(-4/5) + 680(1//5) = -55.89 Ib F, sin 6, = 450(3/5) + 680(2//5) = 878.21 Ib a ¥(-55.89)° + (878.21)° = 879.99 1b & 880 1b Ans. 1 878.21 | ° ° tan”! S25 + 93.64" & 99.6 Ans. R = 880 1b 4 86.4° Ans. SOLUTION R, = F, cos @, 160(-1//8) + 180(4/5) = 72.45 N F, sin @, = 160(2//5) + 180(3/5) = 251.11 N (72.45)? + (261.11)* = 261,35 Na 261 N Ans. 73.91° @ 73.9° ans. F, cos @, R= 261 N 273. Ans. 8sENGINEERING MECHANICS 2-T1¢ Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angle @, between the line of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-71. STATICS, 2nd. Ed. SOLUTION -1 300.8 | 1669.0 ~ 1 By 0. = tan a= ten F, cos @, + F, cos 6, + F, cos 0, = 600 cos 60° + 700 cos 15° + 800 cos F, sin @, + F, sin 0, + F, sin 0, = 600 sin 60° + 700 sin 15° - 800 sin 30° ne Jno +? = /(1669.0)7 + (300.8)" = 1695.9 Be 10.217° & 10,22° Rg 1669.0 1b 300.8 Ib 1b & 1696 1b 1696 Ib 2 10.22°ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L, D. STURGES 2-728 Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angle ®, between the line of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-72. Fig. P2-72. SOLUTION F, cos 6, + F, cos 0, + F, cos 0, 11 cos 75° + 14 cos 30° + 12 cos 45° = 23.46 kN F, sin 0, +F, sin 0, + F, sin 0, 11 sin 75° + 14 sin 30° - 12 sin 45° = 9.140 kW w= Jae + Re = f123.46)" + (9,140)" = 25.18 KN & 25.2 kw Ans. 21,29° & 21,3° Ans. R= 25.2 kN 2 21.3” 87ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. —W. F. RILEY AND Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angle ®, between the line of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-73. SOLUTION Ry = F, cos 0, + F, cos 8, + F, cos 8, 300(-1) + 800 cos 60° + 750 cos 33° = 729.00 1b F, sin 0, + F, sin 0, + F, sin 8, 300(0) + 800 sin 60° - 750 sin 33° = 284.34 1b /'a2 + Re = 1729.00)" + (284.34) = 782.49 1b © 782 1b tan = 21,31° & 21.3° 729.00 Le eae! BSE R = 782 lb 2 21.3"|. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2-74% Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angle ®, between the line of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-74. SOLUTION F, cos 8, + F, cos @, + F, cos 0, 5(-5//106) + 6(1//2) + 7(-8/YTA) = ~2.254 kN F, sin 0, + F, sin ®, + F, sin @, B(9/7TO6) + 61/72) + 7(-7/YTA) = 2.917 KN 2 R= JR + Ry = /(-2.254)" + (2,917)" = 3.686 KN & 9.69 kN ans. 2.917 = 127,69° @ 127, af tan’? 2 = tan sna. 2.254 R= 3.69 kN & 52.3° ans. 87ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. RILEY AND L. D, STURGES Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angle ©, between the line of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-75. Fy =400 Fig. P2-75, SOLUTION F, cos @, + F, cos @, + F, cos @, -200 cos 30° + 500(4/5) + 400(0) = 226.79 1b F, sin 0, + F, sin 0, + F, sin @, 1 200 sin 30° + 500(3/5) + 400(-1) = 0 = R, = 226.79 lb « 227 lb qoENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2n F. RILEY AND L, D. STURGES 2-76% Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angle @, between the line of action of the resultant and the x axis for the four forces shown in Fig. P2-76. SOLUTION F, cos 6, + F, cos @, + F, cos 0, + F, cos 0, = S(-1) + 6(-1//2 + 8(5/13) + 10(12/13) = 3.065 kN F, sin 0, + F, sin ®,+F, sin®, + F, sin @, = 5(0) + 6(1/72) + B(12/13) + 10(5/13) = 15.473 kN Re Jae + Ry = 1(3,065)" + (15.473) = 15.774 KN & 15,77 kW ans. 2 5 10.798" « 1.0° ans. R= 15.77 kN 2 78.8° WENGINEERING MECHANICS STATIC: Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angle ®, between the line of action of the resultant and the x-axis for the four forces shown in Fig. P2-77, F. RILEY AND SOLUTION g, F, cos 6, + F, cos 0, + F, cos 0, + F, cos 8, 1200(-4/5) - 900 cos 70° + 750 cos 30° + 520(12/13) = ~412.82 1b F, sin 6, + F, sin 0, + F, sin 0, + F, sin 6, 1200(3/5) + 900 sin 70° + 750 sin 60° + 520(5/13) [x2 + w® = f-412.82)" + (2418.24)" = 2450.27 Lb & 2450 1b ang. 1 2415.24 tan 99,699° w 99,7° Ans. * 2415.24 1b R = 2450 1b & 60.3" 92ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. E 2-78 Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angles 6,, ,, and ©, between the line of action of the resultant and the positive x-, y-, and z- coordinate axes for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-78. Fig. F278, SOLUTION F, cos @,, + F, cos 8, Ry =F, cos ,, + F, cos 8, R, =F, cos 0,, + F, cos 8,, = (3.907)? + (10.000) + (26.526)* Re = 28.62 KN & 28.6 kW e = 82.15° & 82.2° 0, = cos = 69.55° & 69.6" @ = cos 22.03° & 22.0° 93 10 cos 67° + 20 cos 90° = 3.907 kN 10 cos 90° + 20 cos 60° = 10,000 kN 10 cos 23° + 20 cos 30° = 26,526 kN Ans. Ans. Ans. Ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-79% Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angles ©,, Oy and @, between the Line of action of the resultant and the positive x-, y-, and z- coordinate axes for the two forces shown in Fig. P2-79. SOLUTION F, cos ®,, + F, cos ¢, cos 0, 100 cos 44° + 200 cos 53° cos 70° = 113.10 lb F, cos @,, + F, cos @, sin 0, 100 cos 90° + 200 cos 53° sin 70° = 113.10 Lb F, cos 8,, + F, sin @, 100 cos 46° + 200 sin 53° = 229.19 Ib pe [nee Reo RE = (113.1017 + (113.10)* + (229.19)* R 279.48 1b & 279 1b 66.13° w 66.1° 66.13° & 66.1° 34.91° a 34.9°W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES ENGINEERING MECHANICS Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angles ©,, ©,, and 0, between the Line of action of the resultant and the positive x-, y-, and 2~ coordinate axes for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-80. L SOLUTION a, = fay? + (-207 + (3)? = ATF Hay? + (3)? + (4) = 78 d, = 12(2/7TT) + 10(2/¥28) = 9.535 KN F, cos 6,, + F, cos 9,, R= F, cos 6,, + F, cos @,, = 12(-2/¥I7) + 10(3//29) = -0.250 kw R, = F, cos 8,, + F, cos @,, = 12(3/V17) + 10(4/729) = 16.159 kN ae Jae + ee +R? = /i9,595)7 + (-0.250)" + (16.159)? = 18.764 kN & 18.76 kN ans. 7o:588 = 59,46 w 59.4° ans. 70-250 = 90.76° w 90.8" Ane. 48-458 = 90.55° w 30.6° Ans. qs——— sa ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. F. RILEY AND Le Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angles 6, 9,, and @, between the line of action of the resultant and the positive x-, y-, and 2- coordinate axes for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-81. D. STURGES 1 7 0 = SOLUTION V(-2)? + (-3)° + (317 = 122 11-3)? + (2)? + (4)? = 188 350(-2/722) + 450(-3//29) = -399.93 1b F, cos ®,, + F, cos 0, ae F, cos 6, + F, cos 8,, = 950(-3/722) + 450(2/729) = -56.73 Ib 380(3/722) + 450(-4//25) = -110.39 Ib F, cos 0, + F, cos 6, [re + Ro + R2 = 7-39.93)" + (56.73) + (-110.39)" = 418.75 lb # 419 Lb cos”! = cos cos 96 ans. Ans, Ans. Ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS ~ STATIC! F. RILEY AND STURGES 2-82 Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angles @,, 6, and 0, between the line of action of the resultant and the positive x-, y-, and 2- coordinate axes for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-82. SOLUTION is 47,29° iS st 63.43° Is 8 63.43° 8 F, cos 0, + Fy cos 9, + F, cos 8, 80 cos 47.29° + 100 cos 63.43" + 75 cos 90° = 98.99 N F, con 0, + Fy cos 9, + F, cos 8, -80 cos 42.71° + 100 cos 26.57° + 75 cos 63.43° = 64.20 N F, cos O,, + Fy cos 9, + F, cos 8, 80 cos 90° + 100 cos 90° + 78 cos 26.57° = 67.08 N [a2 + 2 +n? = /(98.99)* + (64.20)" + (67.08)° = 195.72 Nw 135.7 N = 43.17° @ 43.2° 61,77° & 61.8° = 60,38° # 60.4°——— Ee ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. 2-834 Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angles 9, 8, and @, between the line of action of the resultant and the positive x-, y-, and 2- coordinate axes for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-83. W. F. RILEY AND Ly em D. STURGES ttn len ex Fig. P2-83, 717.54 + 0.7071 & 71 j+o k + 0.7071 & = 424,26 J + 424,26 & lb = 565.68 T + 565.68 J lb = 494.97 T + 494.97 & lb 919.23 & 1b 9° SOLUTION a, = —Cbt2it2k oo t+o.n i (oy? + (2)? + (217 a,- AE te 08-1071 340.70 Yar? + ay? + (0r® a, = PE oit 2k. oro t+ 09 (0)? + (297 + (2)? F, = F,@, = 600(0 7 + 0.7071 J + 0.7071 &) F, = F,8, = 800(0.7071 2 + 0.7071 3 + 0 &) F, = #8, = 700(0.7071 7 + 0 J + 0.7071 &) R=F,+F, +8, = 1060.65 ¢ + 989.98 7 + R= /R2 +R? + RF = /(1060.65)" + (989.94) + (919.23) = 1717.54 Ib © 1718 1b 1060.65 _ ° 4060-85 = 51.86° 51 989.94 . 54 ao? = TriT.54 * 54-80" = 54 $1923 = 57,64° & 57 Ans. Ans. Ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS STATIC’ 2-84 Determine the magnitude R of the resultant and the angles ©, 0, and ©, between the SEp 3m 4 line of action of the resultant and the positive x-, y-, and z- coordinate axes for the three forces shown in Fig. P2-84. Ans. 85.2 Ibs Ans. Ry = -85.15 Ib @ -85.2 1b F JosENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L, D. STURGES 2-92 Four forces act on a small airplane in flight, as shown in Fig. P2-92; its weight, the thrust provided by the engine, the lift provided by the wings, and the drag resulting from its motion through the air. Determine the resultant of the four forces and its , roes Wo 2seN line of action with respect to the axis of the plane. eae SOLUTION R,, = -10 + 25 sin 10° + 3 cos 10° = -2,7044 KN R,, = 24 - 25 cos 10° + 3 sin 10° = -0,0992 kN Re = o(-2.7044)" + (-0,0992)" = 2.7062 KN & 2.71 KN Ans. 1 0.0992 ° ° tan”* 9-002 = -177.901° & -177.9) ans. R= 2,71 KN P 2,10° Ans. 2-93 Three forces are applied to a stalled automobile as. shown in Fig. P2-93. Determine the magnitude of the force F and the magnitude of the resultant, R if the line of action of the resultant is along the x-axis. SOLUTION RY =F, sin 0, +F, sin @, + F, sin 0, 75 sin 48° + 45 sin 23° - F, sin 37° = 0 F, = 121,83 lb @ 121.8 1b Ans. R=R, =F, cos 0,+F, sin 0, + F, sin 0, = 75 cos 48° + 45 cos 23° + 121.83 cos 37° 188.91 1b & 188.9 1b Ans. JoeW. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. E -94% Four forces are applied at a : point in a body as shown in Fig. P2-94, Determine the gnitude of the resultant R of the four forces and the angle @ between the x-axis and the Line of action of the resultant. Fy 65000 Fy= 750% Fig. P2.94 SOLUTION R, = F, cos ®, + F, cos @, + F, cos 0, + F, cos , = -300 cos 20° - 650 cos 28° + 750 cos 35° + 275 cos 60° = -103.96 1b & -104.0 Ib R, =F, sin @, + F, sin @, + F, sin 0, + F, sin 0, = 300 sin 20° - 650 sin 28° - 750 sin 35° + 275 sin 60° = -394,58 Ib # -395 1b a= Jn? + ne = /-103.96)" + (-394.58)" = 408,04 1b & 408 1b Ans. = -104.76° & -104.8° ans, R= 408 lb 7 75.2° Ans. 107ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS STURGES 2-95 Four forces are applied at a point in a body as shown in Fig. P2-95. Determine the magnitude and direction (angles ©,, 9, and ®,) of the resultant R of the four forces. Fig. P295, SOLUTION R, =F, cos 0, + F, cos 9,, + F, cos O,, + F, cos 9, = 200(0) + 250(1/710) + 150(0) + 300 cos 60° = 229.06 1b R= F, cos 0,, + F, cos 0, + F, cos 8, + F, cos 8, = 200(0) + 250(3//10) + 150 cos 60° + 300(0) = 312.17 1b RL =F, cos @,, + F, cos ,, + F, cos O,, + F, cos 0, 189.71 1b = 200(-1) + 250(0) + 150 cos 30° + 300 cos 30° p= /p? + Re + Ro = /(229,06)" + (912.17) + (189.71)" = 431.37 ab #431 1b ane. 228.08 « 57.01° w 57.9" ase. 1217 6 gg.e1° w 43.6" aaa. 189.71 5 3.50" « 60.9" ans. 108Ww. F. RILEY AND ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2n¢ ‘STURGES 2-96% Four forces are applied at a point in a body as shown in Fig. P2-96. Determine the magnitude and direction (angles ©,, ,, and @,) of the resultant R of the four forces. [ sourron F,, = 5 cos 40° cos 50° = 2,462 KN a) F,, = 5 cos 40° sin 50° = 2,994 kN F,, = 0 F,, = 5 sin 40° = 3.214 kN Fy, = 73-000 kN F,, = 6 cos 40° = 4.596 kN F,, 20 F = 0 ‘ay 7 74 sin 30° = -2,000 kN F,, = 6 sin 40° = 3.857 kN F,, = 4 cos 30° = 3.464 kN R, = 2.462 + 4,596 = 7.058 kN R, = 2.994 - 2,000 = 0.934 kN R, = 3.214 + 3.857 - 3.000 + 3.464 = 7.535 KN ae Jee + a + a = 47.058)" + (0.934)* + (7.538)" = 10,366 KN & 10.37 KN ans. 8, = cos’ = 47,09 w 47.1° Ans. @. = cos = 84,83° & 84.8" Ans. cos = 43.379 w 43.4 Ans. J07ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. RILEY AND L. D, STURGES 2-97 Two forces are applied at a point in a body as shown in Fig. P2-97. Determine (a) The magnitude and direction (angles 9, 8, and 8) of the resultant R of the two forces. (b) The magnitude of the rectangular component of force F, along the line of action of force P,. (c) The angle « between forces F, and F,. SOLUTION (a) 6, = RS E+6 +45 © 9.1961 2 + 0.7045 9 + 0.5003 £ (1.5)* # (6)? + (4.517 g,-—Si-2i+sse 0.3000 f - 0.4000 7 + 0.8660 & 2 (1.5)? + (-2)7 + (4.33)" 300(0.1961 7 + 0.7845 J + 0.5883 &) = 58.83 7 + 235.95 7 + 176.49 £ lb ™ ‘® 240(0.3000 7 - 0.4000 7 + 0.8660 &) = 72,00 f - 96.00 j + 207.84 & 1b R=F,+F, = 130.83 7 + 139.35 J + 384.33 & lb R = /(180.83)* + (139.35)* + (384.33)* = 429.23 & 429 1b ans. 6, = cos” = = cos”? 30-83 = 72.25° w 72.3° Ans. = cos? 438:38 = 71.06" & 71.1° Ans. = cos’? M435 2 26.43° w 26.4° Ans. (bo) PL = FL. (29.42 7 + 117.68 j + 88.25 &1- {0.3000 T - 0.4000 j + 0.8660 &} = 38.2 1b Ans. (c) a = cos”! (8,-8,) = cos”* (0.1961 7 + 0.7845 9 + 0.5883 B)- (0.3000 T - 0.4000 Fj + 0.8660 &)1 cos! (0.2545) = 75.3° Ans. NoF, RILEY AND L. D. STURGES ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Et 2-98 Three forces are applied with cables to the anchor block shown in Pig. P2-98. Determine (a) The magnitude and direction (angles 6, @,, and ®,) of the resultant R of the three forces. (b) The magnitude of the rectangular component of force F, along the line of action of force F- {c) The angle « betyeen forces F, and F,. SOLUTION (ay 8, = Ether i+ sb £_ . 0.4706 7 + 0.5204 J + 0.7059 (2.4)? + (2.7)7 + (3.6)" Q.6 i= 18 [+278 _ _ 9 1919 7 - 0.5455 7 + 0.8182 (0.6)? + (-1.8)° # (2.7)° 361-12 7+ 09 _ ~ 9.9251 7 - 0.9077 5 + 0.2308 & (3.6)? + (-1.2)7 + (0.9)* = F\6, = 272(0.4706 f + 0.5294 J + 0.7059 ) = 128.00 T + 144,00 J + 192.00 & N = 500(0.1818 T - 0.5455 J + 0.8182 £) = 90,90 T - 272.75 J + 409.10 EN 650(0.9231 7 - 0.3077 J + 0.2308 &) = 600.00 7 - 200.00 J + 150.00 EN Foe +P, 818.90 T - 328.75 J + 751.10 RN 1158.80 * 1159 N Ans. Tigergo = 43-03? # 45.0 Ans. 328.75 Fei ap = 108.48° & 106.5 Ans. = 49,596 & 49.6° Ans. VWENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-98 (Continued) (b) PB, = F,+8, = (68.00 2 + 72.00 9 + 96.00 8) (0.1618 7 - 0.5455 J + 0.8182 &) = 50.9. N ans. te) cos’ [(0.4706 7 + 0.5294 3 + 0.7059 &)- (0.9231 T - 0.3077 J + 0.2308 &)] 64.3° Ans. = cos™* (0.4344) neENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 2-99 Two forces A and B are applied to an eye bolt as shown in Fig. P2-99. If the magnitudes of the two forces are A= 50 Ib and B= 100 1b, calculate and plot the,magnitude of the resultant R as a function of the angle ®, (0° < ©, < 180). Also calculate and plot the angle @, that the resultant makes with the force B as a function of the angle ®,. When is the resultant When is the resultant When is the angle 6, a maximum? Repeat for A = 100 1b and B= 50 Ib. SOLUTION From the law of cosines: = 7A” + BY ~ 2AB cos (180° - 6.) = Va” + B? + 2AB cos 8, From the law of sines: sin ®, sin (180 - 8,) a ® ® For A= 50 1b and B = 100 Ib: (50)? + (100)? + 2(50)(100) cos 0, 100 71.25 + cos 8, Ans. Re : 50 sin @ sin 6, = sin”! A = sin’? ———_—_*_ ans. 100 71.25 + cos 8, 271.25 + cos eu For A = 100 1b and B = 50 1b: 100)" + (50)7 + 2(100)(50) cos @, = 100 71.25 + cos 8, ans. . A R= 100 sin @ sin 0 6, = sin”! A = sin”? ——__4_ ans> 100 ¥1.25 + cos 0, 11.05 + cos 8, * s R,,, = 150 1b when 8 = 0° Ry = 50 1b when @ = 180° nz2-99 (Continued) Resuttant,F (ib) “ThetaR (deg) Magnitude of Resultant 160.00 14000 12000 100.00 80.00 60.00 4000 2000 000, 35.00 30.00 25.00 0.00 18.00 10.00 500 0.00 0 0 sm © 120 ‘ThetaA (dea) Angle of Resultant 0 3 6 90 120 200.00 Thetaa (deg) Angle of Resultant 150 180 150 180 aa 14ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. — W- F. RILEY AND STURGES Two forces A and B are applied to an eye bolt using ropes as shown in Fig. P2-100, The resultant of the,two forces has a magnitude R = 4 kN and makes an angle of 30° with the force A as shown. If both of the forces pull on the eye bolt as shown (ropes cannot push on the eye bolt), what is the range of angles (6, < 0, <6.) for which this problem has a solution? Calculate and plot the required magnitudes A and B as functions of the angle 9% (nin 6 Om < Sung) Why is = the magnitude of B a minimua Fig. P2-100 when @, = 90°27 SOLUTION From the law of sines: B R - A - B om”! sin (6, - 30°) sin 6, = 30°) 4 sin (8, - 30°) R —1—_—_- Ans. sin (180° - 9) sin % B sin 8, ae i: ed sin 30° | 2 ae sin (180° - 8,) sin 6, sin 6, When @, = 90°, B= 2 When A= 0, sin (8, - 30°) When B <0, sin @, < 0 6, > 180° = 0 Force Components 20.000 [ A nSENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATIC! F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES Block A of Fig. P3-i rests on a smooth (frictionless) surface. If the block weighs 25 1b, determine the force exerted on the block by the surface and the force PB required to prevent motion of the block. SOLUTION 1 ° @ = tan’ 2 = 20,56 From a free-body diagram for the block: +7 te, = P- W sin = P~ 25 sin 20.58" = 0 P= 8.78 tb + \BE, 2 NW cos @ = N- 25 cos 20.56 = 0 N= 23.4 lb Block A of Fig. P3-2 rests on a smooth (frictionless) surface. If the mass of the block is 100 kg, determine the force exerted on the block by the surface and the force B required to prevent aotion of the block. ‘SOLUTION os tan’ 2 = 20.56" W = mg = 100(9.807) = 980.7 N From a free-body diagram for the block: +7 Ee, = P cos 30° - W sin @ P cos 30° - 980.7 sin 20.56° = 0 397.7 N @ 398 N P sin 30° +N - W cos @ 397.7 sin 30° + N - 980.7 cos 20.56° = 0 719.4 No 719 N useENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES A homogeneous cylinder weighing 300 1b rests against two smooth planes that form a trough as shown in Fig, P3-3. Determine the forces exerted on the cylinder by the planes at contact points 4 and B. Fig. 73-3 SOLUTION From a free-body diagram 4 for the cylinder: ‘ ' +1 DP, = Fy cos 30° - ja iia = F, cos 30° - 500 = 0 F, = 577.35 Ib @ 577 Ib 3 et ee VY \e F, - 517.35 sin 30° = 0 288.68 1b # 289 1b FP, = 289 lb Ans. NzENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 3-4 A homogeneous cylinder with mass of 250 kg is supported against a smooth surface by a cable as shown in Fig. P3-4. Determine the forces exerted on the cylinder by the cable and by the smooth surface at contact point C. 100 me. P34 SOLUTION fat os A W = mg = 250(9.807) = 2452 N F From a free-body diagram Fk for the cylinder: c j----% +7 DF =F, sin @-W aca F, sin 75.96" - 2452 = 0 WwW F, = 2627.5 N & 2530 N F, = 2530 N& 76.0° Ans. 7 Fy cos 8 = Fe ~ 2627.5 cos 75.96 613.17 N & 613 N F, = 613 N— ans. NsENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 3-6* A 1000-1b block is supported by @ strut and two cables as ehown in Fig. P3-5. Determine the forces exerted on the pin at C by the strut and by the two cables. SOLUTION From a free-body diagram Feo for block D: +7 DF = Poy W Fog > 1000 = 0 co Fop = 1000 1b T WwW P., = 1000 1b + (on pin ©) Ans. Yao, From a tree-body diagram 1 for pin C: 1 1 + ER, = Fy, cos 30° ~ Fy, Pye # 2.089 Fy. Foe Jooo \b +7 Bp, = Fy, sin 30° + F,- sin 65° ~ 1000 Fy Sin 30° + 2.049 Fy. sin 65° - 1000 = 0 Fy, = 424.3 lb & 424 1b Fy_ = 424 Ub 2 30.0" ans. Fac = 2:049 Fa. = 2.049(424.3) = 869.4 lb & 869 lb F,_ = 869 1b % 65.0" ans. nySNGINEI 3-68 RING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. E We F. RILEY AND A body with a mass of 750 kg is supported by the flexible cable system shown in Fig. P3-6. Determine the tensions in cables AC, BC, and CD. SOLUTT W ON mg = 750(9.807) = 7355 N From a free-body diagram for block D: cD +7 ER SB OW y Feo Pop From a free-body diagram for ri + EF, = Fyq cos 60° - F,, cos 30° = 0 g, = Foy - 7355 = 0 1355 N @ 7.36 KN T = 7.36 kN + (on ring C) ng C: Bc ac 1.7321 Fy + TER, = Fy sin 60° - F,- sin 30° - 7355 BC AC = 1.7321 Fy, sin 60° - F,. sin 30° - 7355 = 0 Fyo = 7355 N & 7.36 kN e 7 7:36 KN % 30.0 Fao = 17321 Faq = 1,7321(7355) = 12,740 N & 12.74 kN By. = 12.74 kN 2 60.0° ac Ans. }2oENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. — W. F, RILEY AND L. D. STURGES The collar A shown in Fig. P3-7 is free to slide on the smooth rod BC. Determine the forces exerted on the collar by the cable and by the rod when the force F = 900 lb is applied to the collar. ‘SOLUTION From a free-body diagram for the collar: +7 TE, ° ° goo T cos 50° - 900 cos 60° = 0 Ye 700 1b ¥ 20.0° Ans. T = 700.08 1b & 700 1b T + NUP, F, - 900 sin 60° - T sin 50°. = F, - 900 sin 60° - 700.08 sin 50° = 0 A 1315.71 1b @ 1316 1b F, = 1316 lb % 60.0” Ans. An automobile stuck in a muddy field is being moved by using a cable fastened to a tree as shown in Fig. P3-8. When the cable is in the position shown and force B = 500 N, 7 determine the x- and_y-components of the cable force being applied to the automobile. ‘SOLUTION From a free-body diagram of a point on the cable where load P is applied: * +1 Ep, = P- 27 sin 5° = 2T sin 5° = 0 T = 2868 .N = 2868 cos 5° = 2857 N & 2.86 KN Ans. 2868 sin 5° = 249.96 N & 250 N Ans. v2)ENGINEERING MECHANICS STATICS, 2nd. Ed. F. RILEY AND STURGES 3-9 Determine the magnitudes of forces F, and F, so that the particle shown in Fig. P3-9 is in equilibrium. SOLUTION From the free-body diagram for the particle: +7 BR, =F, sin 60° - F, sin 45 2 = 0.8165 F, + EF, = F, cos 60° + F, cos 45° - 500 = 0.8165 F, cos 60° + F, cos 45° - 500 ' = 448.29 1b & 448 1b FP, = 448 Lbs 45.0° ans. F, = 0.8165 F, = 0.8165(448.29) = 366.03 1b © 366 1b F, = 366 1b 2 60.0° Ans. 122ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed RILEY AND L. D, STURGES 3-10* Determine the magnitude and direction angle ® of force F, so that the particle shown in Fig. P3-10 is in equilibrium SOLUTION From the free-body diagram for the particle: + IP = F, cos @ - 650 cos 70° = 700 cos 26° + 300 cos 35° = 0 F, cos = 605.72 N +T Ef =F, sin @ + 650 sin 70° yo Fe - 700 sin 26° - 300 sin 35° = 0 F, sin 6 = -131,87 N Solving for force F, and angle @ yields: 1 7131.87 BOR TE = 712-282" & -12.28' Ans. @ = tan 2.544 . 181.87 —_ . 619, 91N & 620 N Ans. sin @ sin (-12. 620 NY 12.28" Ans. 123a1 ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. Determine the forces in cables Aand B if block W of Fig. P3-11 weighs 350 1b. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES SOLUTION for the block W: +R = ¥ for the ring: +— EF, = Fy cos Fa 0.8165 +7 BR = Fy sin = 0.8165 4 = 813-80 FB, = 314 lb F, = 0.8165 [ F, = 256 1b From a free-body diagram KR 360 Ib T Ww F, = 350 1b 4 (on the ring) Ans. From a free-body diagram 30° - F, cos 45° = 0 KR 30° + Fy sin 45° ~ 350 F, sin 30° + F, sin 45° - 350 = 0 lb = 314 1b B45. Ans. F, = 0.8165(313.80) = 256.22 ib & 256 1b 230. Ans. 124ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F, RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 3-12 A body with a mass of 300 kg is supported by the flexible cable system shown in Fig. P3-12, Determine the tensions in cables A, B, C, D, and E. ‘SOLUTION Te From a free-body diagram for the body: +7 ER = 1, - mgs 0 T, = mg = 300(9.807) = 2942 N & 2940 N Weng Ans. From a free-body diagram for ‘ the lover cable joint: tos tgke +7 ER 21, sin 60° - 2092-0 WL Wao? y= Fe pee 3397 N ® 3400 N ans. Je=2942N T, cos 60° - © ¥ = 3397 cos 60° - T, = 0 TR Je ANB 1, = 1698.5 8 a 1699 N 10% ans. From a free-body diagram for Yee 3397 N the upper cable joint: + T Ep, = Ty sin 30° +7, sin 40° - 3397 sin 60° = 0 + IF, = 7, cos 30° - T, cos 40° - 3397 cos 60° = 0 Solving yields: 1807.53 N @ 1808 N Ans. 3860.03 N & 3560 N ans. 8 desCee nn nn nnn eee UU Inn nnENI TENSEI IEEE EIEENEEENEEERE EERE EERE W. F, RILEY AND L. D. STURGES ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Bd. 3-13% Two flower pots are supported with cables as shown in Fig. 3-13, If pot A weighs 10 lb and pot B weighs 8 1b, determine the tension in each of the cables and the slope of cable BC. ‘SOLUTION From a free-body diagram for joint (1) + EF, = 1), cos 45° + Ty, cos @ = 0 (+t oR, sin 45° + T,, sin a - 1020 8 From a free-body diagram for joint (3) + EF, = Ty, cos 46° - (4) + TER, = 7, sin 45° - 7, From (1) and (3): Prom (2), and (4): T,, sin 45° + 7,, sin 45° = 18 Tyg 2 Top = 12-728 Lb & 12.73 1b Ans. From (1): Tye CoS & = 12,728 cos 45° = 9.000 From (2): Ty, sin « = 10 - 12,728 sin 45° = 1.000 a= tan”? 3 = 6.9402" « 6,34° ang. Tye = —2:000_— = -9.055 1b a 9.08 1b ans. 126ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. Wi. F. RILEY AND L. 3-14* Three smooth homogeneous cylinders A, B, and C are stacked in a V-shaped trough as shown in Fig. P3-14. Bach cylinder has a diameter of 500 ma and a mass of 100 kg. Determine the forces exerted on cylinder A by the inclined surfaces. Fig. P34 D. STURGES SOLUTION W = mg = 100(9.807) = 980.7 N From a free-body diagram for cylinder B: ng +\, DF, = -N, + W sin 30° “Ny + 980.7 sin 30 ig = 490.35 N From a free-body diagram for cylinder C: +7 te, - Wosin 45° lc N, - 980.7 sin 45° = 0 ic = 893.46 N From a free-body diagram for cylinder A: +7 oF, N, cos 15° + 490.35 sin 15° - 980.7 cos 45° - 693.46 §, 1304.46 N @ 1304 N L +\ ER, = Np - 980.7 gin 45° + 1904.46 sin 15° - 490.35 cos 15° Ng = 829.48 Nw 829 N )27 Ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2né 3-15 Three sooth homogeneous cylinders A, B, and C are stacked in a V-shaped trough as shown in Fig. P3-15, Cylinder A weighs 100 1b; cylinders B and C each weigh 200 ib. All cylinders have a 5-in. diameter. Determine the miniaum angle © for equilibrium. SOLUTION From a free-body diagram for cylinder A: + ER, sin 30° - F, sin 30 = F, cos 30° + F, cos 30 F, cos 30° + F, cos 30 FR, = 87.74 1b From a free-body diagral for cylinder B: +— EF, = F sin @ - Fy cos 60° - = F sin @ - 87.74 cos 60° At the minigum angle @: Therefore: F sin © = 28.87 1b + TIF, = F cos @ - Wy - Fy sin 60° = 0 F cos ® - 200 - 57.74 sin 60° = 0 F cos ® = 250.00 1bENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed, F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 3-16* The masses of cylinders A and B of Fig. P3-16 are 40 kg and 75 kg, respectively. Determine the forces exerted on the cylinders by the inclined surfaces and the nagnitude and direction of the force exerted by cylinder A on cylinder B when the cylinders are in equilibrium. Assume that all surfaces are snooth. SOLUTION From a free-body diagram for cylinder Az (a) + EF, = F, sin 30° - F,, cos @ = 0 (b) +7 ER, = 8, com 30° - Fy, sin @ - W, We 40(9.807) = 392.28 N From a free-body diagram for cylinder Be J“ -% (c) + ER, = Fy, cos @ - Fy sin 15° = 0 Fas (d) +7 BF ee, sin @ + F, cos 18° - U8) 5 Wi, = mys = 75(9.807) = 735.53 N Hite From Eqs. (a) and (c): F, sin 30° - F, ein 15° = 0 Fy = 1.9319 F, From Eqs. (b) and (d): F, cos 30° + F, cos 18° = W, + Wy = 1127.81 Solving yields: 4 = 412.80 N& 413 N Ans. F, = 797.49 N@ 797 N Ans. With P, = 412.80 N and Fy = 797.49 Nz Eqs. (c) and (d) yield: F,g Sin @ = 34.78 N F,, cos O = 206.41 N Therefore: = tan? SEE = -9,567° & -9.57° Ans. Fyg = 208-4 = 209.32 Ww 209 N Ans. cos (-9.567°) 1297ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 3-17 A continuous cable is used to support blocks A and Bas shown in Fig. P3-17, Block A is supported by small wheel that is free to roll on the cable. Determine the displacement y of block A for equilibrium if the weights of blocks A and B are 50 1b and 75 1b, respectively. Fig. P3-17 SOLUTION From a free-body diagram for block B: The cable is continuous; therefore, the tension is constant. From a free-body diagram for block A: 73 cos @ - 15 cos ® ° + Er, . cos@= cos 8 6 + TER = 75 sin @ + 75 sine - 50 = 2(75) sin ® s "ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ei W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 3-18 Two bodies A and B weighing 800 N and 200 N, respectively, are held in equilibrium on perpendicular surfaces by a connecting flexible cable that makes an angle @ with the horizontal as shown in Fig. P3-18. Find the reactions of the surfaces on the bodies, the tension in the cable, and the angle 8. Assume all surfaces to be smooth. SOLUTION From a free-body diagram for body A: (a) + ER, = T cos @ - F, sin 30° = 0 (by) +f EF, y From a free-body diagram for body B lo) + > ER, (d) +7 Dp, = -T ain @ + Fy cos 60° - 200 = 0 T sin @ + F, cos 30° - 800 = 0 ~T cos @ + F, sin 60° = 0 From Eqs. (a) and (c): 0.8660F, - 0.5000F, = 0 From Eqs. (b) and (d): 0,5000F, + 0.8660F, = 1000 Solving yields: F, = 866 .N Ans. F, = 500 N Ans. With P, = 866 N and Fy = 500 WN: Eqs. (a) and (b) yield: T sin @ = 50.N T cos 0 = 433. N Therefore: 50:0 . 6.587° & 6.59° Ans. = 435.9 N & 436 .N Ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES 9-19% The particle shown in Fig. P3-19 is in equilibrium under the action of the four forces shown on the free-body diagram. Determine the magnitude and the coordinate direction angles of the unknown force P,. SOLUTION From the free-body diagram for the particle: RSP T4Er j= EF, &=0 4 i. + 3180) = 0 -144,00 1b y > Fay Fy, = 765.21 1b 27 Bay F,, = 50.00 Lb 44.00 Pree 165.80 5.21 Er, =F, = $(180) + 200 cos 30° 44,00)" + (65.21) + (50,00 IP, = F,, + 200 sin 30° - 150 = 0 165.80 1b = 165.8 1b = 150.29° @ 150.3" 113.16° # 113, Ans. Ans. Ans. Ans.W. F. RILEY AND L, D. STURGES ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 3-208 The particle shown in Fig. P3-20 is in equilibrium under the action of the four forces shown on the free-body diagram. Determine the magnitude and the coordinate direction angles of the FIN unknown force F,, Fig, P3-20 SOLUTION From the free-body diagram Loon for the particle: Reo Teor, J+ er k= 0 acre ER, = F,, + 600 cos 40° cos 50° + 600 cos 40° = 0 Fy, = 7705.83 N In, = F,, + 500 cos 40° sin 50° = 0 = -293.41 N EF, = F,, + 500 sin 40° + 600 sin 40° - 750 = 0 ae 42.93 N F, = of (-105.88)7 + (-293.41)7 + (42.99)" = 765.59 N & 766 N ans. ot Fax ° o o. = cop = cos = 157.21" @ 157.2 Ans. A is 2293.41 _ . ° = cos. cos 765.59 = 112.535 @ 112.5 Ans. 86.79" & 86.8 133a " ‘AB ‘Ac Toe ‘AD Thus: Solving yields: ENGINEERING MECHANICS SOLUTION F. RILEY AND L, STURGES The block shown in Fig. P3-21 weighs 500 1b. Determine the tensions in cables AB, AC, and AD. Tye! sit 2 (6)? + (129% (0.4472 J + 0.8944 RT, nae! | = (0.3077 f - 0.2308 7 + 0.9281 BT, (ay? + (397 # 121% 2, atta si+ £ | = (-0,2673 T - 0.5945 J + 0.8018 £)7,,| (-4y? + (-897 + (2)? -500 & raeruies (0.30777, - 0.2673T,,) T + (0.44727, - 0.29087,, - 0.53457,,) J (0.89447,, + 0.9231T,, + 0.80187, - 500) & = 0 0.30777, - 0.2673T,, = 0 0.44727, , - 0.23087, - 0.5345T,, = 0 0.8944T,, + 0.92317, + 0.8018T,, = 500 267.36 1b # 267 1b Ans. Tet 141.31 1b @ 141.3 1b Ans. Typ = 162.67 Ib © 162.7 1b Ans.‘STURGES ENGINEERING MECHANICS ~ STATIC! 3-22 Struts AB and AC of Fig. P3-22 can transmit only axial tensile or compressive forces. Determine the forces in struts AB and AC and the tension in cable AD when force F = 1250 N. SOLUTION a -sj+akt | _,. . Be = Tal = 5| * (-0.8944 J + 0.4472 RT, (-6)* + (3) Pog = Fyp( £ | = (0.3015 2 - 0.9045 J - 0.3015 £IF,, (2)? + (6)? + (-2)% Pye * Pye] | = (-0,4286 T - 0.8571 J - 0.2867 R)F,, (ay? + (-6)? + (-2)% F-- 125088 REP OPH, +P = (0,3015F,, - 0-4286F,,) T + (-0.8944T,, - 0.9045F,, - 0.8571F,-) J + (0.4472T,, ~ 0.3015F,, - 0.2857F,, - 1250) & = 0 Thus: 0.30157, - 0.4286F,, = 0 -0.8944T,,, - 0.9045F,, - 0.8571F,, = 0 0.4472T,, ~ 0.3015F,, ~ 0-2857F,, = 1250 Solving yields: Ty, = 1667.10 N = 1677 8 (7) ans. F,g = ~995-07 N = 995 N (C) ans. Fyg = ~699-99 N = 700 N (C) Ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS 3-23* Determine the forces in legs AB, AC, and AD of the tripod shown in Fig. P3-23 when force F = 75 db. only axial forces. The legs can transmit SOLUTION F. 252-207 - 4& reece z z 2 (25)* + (-20)7 + (-54) F, [eee i+40j- 51k | + (40)? + (73477 woissi-uk 2 Fo 2 2 2! (-a5y® + (61 + (58) Fe: ReFl+ P+ P+ P (0.39828, + 0.34877, - -78 & lb + (-0.3186F, s602F, 0,3982F, -0.3186F, -0.8602F, Solving yields: STATICS, 2nd. Ei = (0.3982 T - 0.3186 J 0.4180F,) T + 0.5579F, 0.75318, 0.34878, 0.5579F, 0.7531F, = 0.8602 RIF, = (0.3487 T + 0.5579 J - 0.7531 RIF, = (-0.4180 T + 0.1003 J - 0.9029 fF, + 0.1003F,) ~ 0,9029F, 0.4180, 0.1003F, 0.90297, 33.42 1b # 33.4 Ib (C) =11.62 1b = 11,62 1b (Cc) = 741.53 Ib @ 41.5 1b (C)ENGINEERING MECHANICS D. STURGES statics, 3-24¥ Column AB of Fig. P3-24 can support a maximum axial compressive force of 7500 N. Determine the tensions in each of the cables when this level of load exists in the column. SOLUTION = (0.3865 7 - 0.1932 j - 0.9018 RIF, si5 1-8 U-TE | - (9.5769 ¢ - 0.5384 J - 0.7597 BF, R-F+PL+F +P, = (0,3865F, ~ 0.3769F, ~ 0.2540F,) 7 0.53847, + 0.38108.) J + (-0,1932F, + (-0,9018F, - 0.7537F, - 0.8890F, + 7500) & = O Thus: 0.3865F, + 0.3769F, - 0.2540F, = 0 -0.1932F, + 0.5384F, - 0.3810R, = 0 -0.9018F, - 0.7537F, - 0,8890F, = -7500 Solving yields: 9647 N & 3.65 kN (T) 1277.2 N@ 1.277 kN (T) 3654 N a 3.65 kN (TDF. RILEY AND L, D. STURGES ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, nd. Ed. 3-25 The circular disk shown in Fig. P3-25 weighs 750 lb. Determine the tensions in cables A, B, and C. SOLUTION 7 p{4i-27+58 Me z z (ay? + (3)? + Uy = (0.5963 T - 0.2981 J + 0.7454 EyT, =7,j—etaaiisk | = (-0.4082 T - 0.4082 7 + 0.8165 £17, Eee (-3)? + (-31? + (6) 1+, peeeeeee = (-0,6247 £ + 0.4685 5 + 0.6247 Ly, (are are Tet @=-7508 Retet ete (0.59637, - 0.40821, - 0.62471.) T + (-0,29817, - 0.40827, + 0.46857.) J + (0.74547, + 0.81657, + 0.62477, - 750) R= O Thus: 0.59637, - 0.40827, 0.62477, 20 ~0.29817, - 0.40827, + 0.46857, 0.74547, + 0.81657, + 0.62477, Solving yields: 525.61 1b ® 526 1b (7) 109.71 1b & 109.7 1b (T) 430.02 lb @ 430 Lb (T)ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES Two forces are applied in a horizontal plane to a loading ring at the top of ‘a post as shown in Fig. P3-26. The post can transmit only an axial compressive force. Two guy wires AC and BC are used to hold the loading ring in equilibrium. Determine the force transmitted by the post and the forces in the two guy wires. SOLUTION 47-1k Meh 5 (ay? + (-10) = (0.3714 £ - 0.9285 Rit, T=, jot] = (-0.3651 T + 0.1826 J - 0.9129 BT, (ay? + (2)? + (-109% F, = -600 1 - 7509 Thus: R-OP=T + T +P +P, = (0.37147, - 0.36517, - 600) T+ (0.18267, - 750) i + (0.92857, - 0.91297, + 1.0000F,) & = 5 Thus: 0.37147, - 0.36517, = 600 0. 18267, = 750 -0.9285T, - 0.91297, + 1.00008, = 0 Solving yields: 5653 N & 5.65 KN (T) Ans. 7, = 4107 N @ 4.11 KN (T) ans. g999 N & 9,00 kN (T) ans.ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. W. F. RILEY AND L. D. STURGES €3-27 A 75-1b stop light is suspended between two poles as shown in Fig. P3-27. Neglect the weight of the flexible cables and plot the tension in both cables as a function of the sag distance d (05d 58 ft.) Determine the minimum sag d for i won—4],. which both tensions Bee are less than: oe {a) 100 1b, (b) 250 1b, {c) 500 Ib. SOLUTION tan @, = 4/20 tan ®, = 4/10 From a free-body diagram for the cable joint: + EF, = Ty cos 8, - T, cos @ = 0 + OR = 7, ein @, +7, sin 0, -W=0 Solving yields: K cos 6, =e Bin 8, cos O, + cos O, sin O, W cos 6, Zin 8 cos 0. + cos © sin O_ sin 8, cos 0, + cos 6 sin 0, Tension in Wires Bueesas ‘Tension (ib) {0 100 34 8 Sag distance, d () l40ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. RILEY AND 3-28 A 50-kg load is suspended from a pulley as shown in Fig. P3-i The tension in the flexible cable does not change as it passes around the small frictionless pulleys, and the weight of the cable may be neglected. Plot the force P required for equilibrium as a function of the sag distance d (0 Sd 51m). Determine the minimum sag d for which P is less than: (a) Twice the weight of the load. (b) Four times the weight of the load. (c) Bight times the weight of the load. ‘SOLUTION W = mg = 50(9.807) = 490.35 N From a free-body diagran for the 50-kg load: The cable is continuous; therefore, the tension is constant. + EF Therefore: 6, +7 2R = Tsin@+T sin @-W (a) P< 2W, d > 0.38730 m & 387 mm (b) P< 4W, d > 0.18898 m & 189 m (e) P< OW, d> 0.09393 ma 94 mm 00 01 02 03 04 08 06 07 08 09 10 Sag distance, & (mn)3-29 Three identical steel disks are stacked in a box a shown in Fig. 3-29. The weight and diameter of the smooth disks are 50 1b and 12 in., respectively. Plot the three forces exerted on disk C (by disk A, by the side wall, and by the floor) as a function of the distance b between the walls of the box (24 in. Sb S 36 in.) Determine the range of b for which: (a) The force at the floor is larger than the other two forces. (b) None of the three forces exceeds 100 1b. (c) None of the three forces exceeds 200 1b. SOLUTION cos 62 X= db=ai/2 , (b= 121/2 adie ean iz From a free-body diagram for cylinder A: +7 Ep = 2a sin @- Ww = 2A ain 8 - 50=0 A= Sin 6 From a free-body diagram for cylinder C: + EF = A cos 0-8 = 0 S=Acos 6 Ads + oes F- Asin O-W F-Asin®-50=0 = BB BE P= 50 + 35g sin 0 = 75 Ib (a) A < 75 lb, b < 34.6 in, (b) A < 100 1b, b << 35.2 in, (c) A < 200 1b, —b < 35.8 in. 142ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nd. Ed. F, RILEY AND L. D. STURGES C3-30 Two small wheels are connected by a light-weight rigid rod as shown in Fig. P3-30. Plot the angle @ (between the rod and the horizontal) as a function of the weight W, (W, S10 W,). Determine the weight ®, for which: (a) 0 = -50°. (b) @ = 10°. ° Fig. P3-30 lc) @ = Do you think the equilibrium positions of parts a, b, and c are stable? (That is, if the wheels were disturbed slightly, do you think they would return to the equilibrium position or do you think they vould slide off of the triangular surface?) SOLUTION From a free-body diagram for wheel 1: + 7 EF = T cos (30° - @) - W, cos 60° = 0 From a free-body diagram for wheel 2: + NEF = T sin (30° - 6) - W, cos 30° = 0 ae Yee Octet eee cos (30° - 6) sin (30° - 6) i Wi, cos 30° tan (30° - 0) = cree W, cos 60 1 W, cos 30° Angle of Equilibrium tan (30° - @) cos 60° a = a? i (a) For @ = -50°: W, = 14.98 N F-0 < 2 7 4 zat - - (b) For @ = 10°: W, = 233 N 0 pc apaaa 0 Bete bee : (c) For @ = W, = 972N wi ONDENGINEERING MECHANICS 3-31* Determine the magnitude and STATICS, 2n direction angle @ of force F, so that the particle shown in Fig. P3-31 is in equilibrium, RILEY AND L. D. STURGES + EF, = F, cos @ - 6 cos 26° + 4 cos 63° + 2 cos 26° F, cos © - 1.7792 = 0 +7 OP = -F, sin @ + 6 sin 26° orcad +4 sin 63° + 2 sin 26° Solving yields: tan T7792 75.88" @ 75.9 Ans. T0710, 17-0710. 7.291 kip & 7.29 kip Ans. sin @ sin 75.88° -F, sin © + 7.0710 = 0 Fig. P3-31 SOLUTION ¥y 1 From the free-body diagram ' 4 Kip for the particle: ewe 1 4 194ENGINEERING MECHANICS - STATICS, 2nc F. RILEY AND ‘STURGES 3-32* Determine the magnitude and direction angle @ of force F, 0 that the particle shown in Fig. P3-32 is in equilibrium. ‘SOLUTION From the free-body diagram for the particle: F, cos @ - 500 cos 63° +R, 780 cos 30° - 800 cos 60° F, cos © - 1276.5 +1 Bp, =F, sin @ + 500 sin 63° + 750 sin 30° - 800 sin 60° F, sin © + 127.68 0 Solving yields: = -5,712° @ -5.71° Ans. = 1282.9 N & 1283 N Ans. 14s3-33 Two 10-in. diameter pipes and a 6-in, diameter pipe are supported in a pipe rack as shown in Fig. P3-33. The 10-in, diameter pipes each weigh 350 ib and the 6-in. diameter pipe weighs 225 lb, Determine the forces exerted on the pipes by the supports at contact surfaces A, B, and C. Assume all surfaces to be smooth. F, RILEY AND L. D. STURGES SOLUTION sein? &= ° @ = sin’ 3 = 48.59 From a free-body diagran for the upper pipe: +7 DP =F, cos @- W, yy 2 = F, cos 48.59° - 350 = 0 529.15 Lb - F, sin @=0 Fs From a free-body diagram for the middle pipe: +7 EF, =F, cos @ - F, cos 8 - We 869.32 1b + Or =F, sin@4F, sin@- F, 1048.8 1b @ 1049 1b c From a free-body diagram for the lower pipe: + EF =P, - F, sin @ = F, ~ 869.32 sin 48.59" 9 1b & 652 1b 146 F, sin © = 529,15 sin 48.59° = 396.86 1b # 397 1b Ans. F, cos 48.59° - 529.15 cos 48.59° - 225 = 0 529.18 sin 48.59° + 869.32 sin 48.59° - F, = 0 ans. 0 Ans.STURGES STATICS, 2n RILEY AND L. D. ENGINEERING MECHANICS ‘The mass of block A in Fig. P3-34 is 250 kg. Block A is supported by a small wheel that is free to roll on the continuous cable between supports B and C. The length of the cable is 42, Determine the distance x and the tension T in the cable when the system is in equilibrium SOLUTION From a free-body diagram for the wheel: + EF, = T cos @- T cos $= 0 cos 8 = cos ® O20 From the span and length of the cable: L cos $= 42 cos = 40m = cos? 49 $= 17.753 x tan d= (40 - x) tan d+ 6 2x tan >= 40 tan > + 6 x = item > + 6. 40 tan 17.753" + 6 _ 99 97 ww 29.4 w eae 2 tan > 2 tan 17.753" +7 Be) = at sin @ - mg = 0 p= BE = -280(9:807) 5 4020 n= 4,02 kN ans. 2sin@ 2 sin 17.753 147ENGINEERING MECHANICS STATICS, 3+35% Two bodies weighing 150 Ib and 250 1b, respectively, rest on a cylinder and are connected by a rope as shown in Fig. P3-35. Find the reactions of the cylinder on the bodies, the tension in ‘the rope, and the angle 0. Assume all surfaces to be smooth. Fig, P3-35, SOLUTION 4 From a free-body diagram ! for body 1: y ! rer ee (a) + EF, = F, sin @- T cos @ = 0 (bh) +1 ER, =F, cos + T sin @- 200=0 BY 200%b fi 4 2 gd From a free-body diagram 'B for body 2: -- work Fe (c) + > Ef, = T sin @- F, cos @=0 7 150 Ib (4) + TER = 7 cos 0+ F, sin @ - 150 = 0 From Eqs. (a) and (d): (F, + F,) sin @ = 150 Ib From Bqs. (b) and (c): (F, + F,) cos ® = 200 Ib = tan”? 150 5 936,87? ° ‘Therefore: @ = tan”* SRD = 36.87° & 36.9) Ans. With @ = 96.87°: Eqs. (a) and (b) yield: T = 120.0 Ib Ans. 160.0 1b ans. Eqs. (c) and (d) yield: 90.0 1b 148

Riley Amp Sturges Statics 2nd ch01 06 PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Riley Amp Sturges Statics 2nd ch01 06 PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like