1.

0 Introduction

Cement factories can emits a lot of pollutants which include particulate matter, gases and heavy
metals that are hazardous to the biotic environment. Cement factories emissions can affect
terrestrial, aquatic flora and fauna and alter the food quality and human health. Potential
groundwater contamination due to the operation activities such as potential leaks, improper
management of solid wastes and liquid effluents, thus affecting the soil and river nearby.

Therefore, ecological risk assessment (ECORA) can be done to analyse the likehood of
undesirable ecological effects from human activities. ECORA starts with planning and research
process.
2.0 Conceptual Model

Figure 1.1 below shows the process involved in ECORA.

Problem
• Defining the problem clearly.
Formulation

• Characterizing the potential exposure to

Analysis the stressors and their ecological effects.

• Integrating and evaluating exposure and

Risk
Characterization
effects information

Figure 1.1: Process involved in ECORA