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ome tn te Is Gratitude a Moral Affect? Michael E. McCullough ‘National Institut for Healtheare Research and Southem Methodist University Robert A. Emmons University of California, Davis Shelley D. Kilpatrick National Institute for Healthcare Research David B. Larson National Institute for Healthcare Research Gratitude is conceptualized ase moral affect that is analogous to other moral emotions such as empathy sand uit Gratitude has 3 funetons that ean be conceplized 3 moclly eleva: (a) amoral baromete anctio (ie, tsa esponse to the perception tat one has been the beneficiary of another persons mora action) (b) amoral motive function (eit maivates the grateful pesca to behave prosoclally toward the benefactor and other people}; and (c) a moral reinforcer fonction (ie, when expressed, it encourages benefactors to bebe morally inthe fut). The personality and social factors ha are asscited with ratte are also consistent with a conceptuliation of graitde as an alfet tat is relevant wo people's ‘cognitions and behaviors in the moral domain, Grate is ot only the grstest of vines, but the parent of all he cots. —Cicero Ingrattude.. tam abomination Seneca ‘Across nearly all cultures and through most of human history, ‘gratitude has been treated as both @ normal and normative aspect ‘of personality and social life. Gratitude is a highly prized human

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