7SA511 Numerical Line Protection Relay: Operator Manual

7SA511 V2.
2
Numerical Line Protection Relay
Operator Manual
Power 7
Blocked 8
1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
Manual No. SG-8108-01

7SA511 Line Protection Relay Table of Contents
Table of Contents
User Guide
Chapter 1 Introduction .......................................................................................... 1-1
Chapter 2 Product Description .............................................................................. 2-1
Chapter 3 Acceptance Tests .................................................................................. 3-1
Chapter 4 Installation ............................................................................................ 4-1
Chapter 5 Programming the Relay ......................................................................... 5-1
Chapter 6 Displaying System and Relay Information.............................................. 6-1
Chapter 7 Commissioning the Relay ...................................................................... 7-1
Chapter 8 Maintenance.......................................................................................... 8-1
Reference Guide
Reference A. Method of Operation............................................................................ A-1
Reference B. Hardware and Software........................................................................ B-1
Reference C. Communications................................................................................... C-1
Reference D. Specifications....................................................................................... D-1
Reference E. Settings Calculations .............................................................................E-1
Reference F. Setting Worksheets ...............................................................................F-1
Reference G. Input/Output Functions ........................................................................ G-1
July 27, 1995 i

7SA511 Line Protection Relay Table of Contents
The information contained herein is general in nature and not intended for specific application purposes. It does not relieve the user of
responsibility to use sound practices in application, installation, operation, and maintenance of the equipment purchased. Siemens reserves
the right to make changes in the specifications shown herein or to make improvements at any time without notice or obligation. Should a
conflict arise between the general information contained in this publication and the contents of drawings or supplementary material or both,
the latter shall take precedence.
Should further information be desired or should particular problems arise which are not covered sufficiently for the purchaser’s purposes,
the matter should be referred to your local sales office.
The contents of this manual should not become part of or modify any prior or existing agreement, commitment or relationship. The sales
contract contains the entire obligation of Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Any statements contained herein do not create new
warranties or modify an existing warranty.
ii July 27, 1995

7SA511 Line Protection Relay Chapter 1
Introduction
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1-3

1.1 Using This Manual................................................................................................. 1-3
1.2 Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations..................................................................... 1-4
1.3 Relay Model Number............................................................................................. 1-6
List of Figures
Figure 1-1. Reading the 7SA511 Relay Model Number. ..........................................................1-7
July 27, 1995 1-1

7SA511 Line Protection Relay Introduction
This page intentionally blank
1-2 July 27, 1995

1. Introduction
1.1 Using This Manual
This operator’s manual is intended to provide you with all the information you need to install and
operate the Siemens 7SA511 Numerical Line Protection Relay. In addition to describing the
various tasks of operation, the manual offers general information about the functions and features
of the relay.
Several of the relay’s functions and features are optional, depending on the model ordering
number. This manual identifies all of the relay’s options and frequently refers you to section 1.3,
“Relay Model Number,” so you can determine which options your relay has.
This manual is divided into two parts:
• The User Guide describes how to install, program, operate and maintain the relay, so you
will need to read this part if you are to perform any of these tasks. General information
about the relay’s features and functions is also in this part of the manual.
• The Reference Guide includes the relay specifications, method of operation, relay setting
calculations and worksheets, and information on the relay’s hardware, software, and
communications capabilities. If you are responsible for the application and setting
calculation of the relay, you will need to read this part of the manual.
Refer to Table 1-1 for help in finding the information you need in this manual.
Table 1-1. Using This Manual.

If you want to . . . Then read . . .
learn more about the relay · Chapter 2, Product Description
· Reference A, Method of Operation
· Reference B, Hardware & Software
· Reference C, Communications
determine the optional function(s) · Section 1.3, Relay Model Number
available in your relay
install the relay · Chapter 4, Installation
perform acceptance tests · Chapter 3, Acceptance Tests
program the relay · Chapter 5, Programming the Relay
· Reference E, Setting Calculations
· Reference F, Setting Worksheets
· Reference G, Input/Output Functions
check relay status, target history · Chapter 6, Displaying System and Relay Information
logs, and the event log
place the relay in service or · Chapter 7, Commissioning the Relay
perform maintenance · Chapter 8, Maintenance
review relay specifications · Reference D, Specifications
July 27, 1995 1-3

This manual assumes you are using the relay’s operator panel to program, maintain, and operate
the relay. If you are using DIGSI® software or some other application to control the relay, refer
to the appropriate user guide when instructions in this manual are insufficient.
1.2 Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations

Following are definitions and descriptions of terms and abbreviations used in this manual that are
unique to power systems and to Siemens relay technology in particular.
Abbreviations and Acronyms

A/D analog-to-digital
AR automatic reclose
CB circuit breaker
C/O changeover
CT current transformer
CW codeword
DAR delayed automatic reclose
E earth or ground
EEPROM electrically erasable, programmable read only memory
E/F earth (ground) fault
EPROM erasable, programmable read only memory
FD fault detection; fault detector
FNo function number
I.T. inverse time
LCD liquid crystal display (on the relay operator panel)
LED light emitting diode (on the relay operator panel)
LSA a substation (Siemens’ Localized Substation Automation system)
m memorized
M/C manual close
mcb or m.c.b. miniature circuit breaker
NC normally closed
nm not memorized
NO normally open
O/C overcurrent
PC personal computer
pcb printed circuit board
PCO parameter changeover
PLC power line carrier
POTT permissive overreach transfer trip (pilot protection scheme)
PUTT permissive underreach transfer trip (pilot protection scheme)
RAM random access memory
RAR rapid automatic reclose
ROM read only memory
TT transmit time
VT voltage transformer
1-4 July 27, 1995

Terms
annunciation 1. Activating the various relay outputs (LCD, LEDs, output relays)
when events occurs.
2. Messages that appear on the operator panel LCD in the event log or
target logs are also called annunciations.
binary input A relay input terminal that responds to the presence or absence of voltage
on the terminal in a digital (on/off) manner.
block 1. Prevent normal operation or function.

2. Group of memory addresses.
compensated The neutral system point is inductively grounded to compensate for the
(system) distributed phase-to-ground system capacitance.
dead time Time allowed following fault clearance before attempting an automatic
reclose.
drop-off Drop-out (used in the LCD text).
drop-out Return to a normal or no-fault state.
earth Electrical ground.
fault loop In phase-selective fault detection systems, this term describes the current
path for phase-to-phase or phase-to-ground faults. For example, if a short
circuit occurs between phase 1 (L1) and phase 2 (L2), the fault loop is
L1-L2. The currents and voltages of the fault loop are decisive when
calculating the distance to fault.
forward Direction—normally downstream towards the line or load (i.e., toward the
protected component).
high-set An overcurrent protection element that operates independently of the

definite time or inverse time elements and typically has a high pickup value
and a small or zero (instantaneous) time delay.
isolated (system) The neutral system point is purposely not connected to ground
(ungrounded).
marshalling Configuring the I/O units (LEDs, trip relays, etc.)
July 27, 1995 1-5

Terms
pickup Activation of a protection function either through detection of a fault or as
a result of a binary input. The current and voltage levels or ratios that
cause a protection element to pick up are called pickup values.
reclaim time The no-fault time period following automatic reclose that defines a
successful reclose
reverse Direction—normally upstream towards the bus or source (i.e. away from
the protected object).
stage A protection element; a group of protection parameters that, at a

minimum, include pickup and time delay values.
starpoint Common connection point in wye-connected electrical equipment; the

neutral connection.
target System device to which a command or signal is directed.
trip Activate a trip relay or open a circuit breaker.
1.3 Relay Model Number

The model number for your 7SA511 relay is printed on the relay’s nameplate, which is located on
the operator panel (see Figure 2-1 in Chapter 2, “Product Description”). As illustrated in Figure
1-1, you can read your relay’s model number and determine the rated current, DC supply voltage,
type of mounting (flush or surface), type of fault detection, and which optional functions your
relay has. Using the model number allows you to verify that you have the correct relay for the
application.
This manual frequently refers you to the relay model number so you can determine whether or not
a particular section is applicable to your relay and protected system. When the model number is
used, the character(s) significant to the discussion is bold, and asterisks (*) are used to indicate
that the character is irrelevant to the discussion. For example, model number 7SA511*-**A5*-
**A/E* means the relay does not have the automatic reclose feature, so you can skip the sections
on automatic reclose.
1-6 July 27, 1995

Line Protection Relay 7SA511 A5

Rated current at 60/50 Hz AC
1A 1
5A 5
Rated power supply voltage VDC
24, 48 VDC 2
60, 110, 125 VDC 4
220, 250 VDC 5
Mounting construction
Surface mounting B
Flush mounting C
Fault detection options
Overcurrent fault detection 1

Overcurrent, Voltage-controlled Overcurrent, and Polygonal Impedance
fault detection 2
Overcurrent and Voltage-controlled Overcurrent fault detection 3
Ground fault detection input
For grounded systems, ground current input for protected line only 0
For ungrounded systems, without parallel line compensation 1
For grounded systems, ground current input for parallel line compensation 2
Communications interface (rear port)
None A
Isolated, hard-wired B
Integrated fiber optic C
Automatic reclose (AR)/Parameter changeover (PCO)
without AR without PCO A

with AR 3-pole without PCO B
with AR 1/3-pole without PCO C
without AR with PCO E
with AR 3-pole with PCO F
with AR 1/3-pole with PCO G
Power swing (PS)/High-resistance ground fault protection (GF) *
without PS without GF 0
with PS without GF 1
without PS with GF 2
with PS with GF 3
* The Power swing (PS) option is only applicable when the fault detection system selected is the polygonal impedance detector (code = 2).
The High-resistance ground fault (GF) protection is only applicable for grounded systems, i.e., the ground fault detection Input code must be
0 or 2.
Figure 1-1. Reading the 7SA511 Relay Model Number.
July 27, 1995 1-7

1-8 July 27, 1995

Product Description
Table of Contents
2. Product Description ............................................................................................................ 2-3

2.1 About the Relay..................................................................................................... 2-3
2.2 Relay Features ....................................................................................................... 2-3
2.3 Relay Setting Types............................................................................................... 2-4
2.3.1 Relay Setting Descriptions (by Address Block)........................................ 2-5
2.4 Overview of Protection Functions.......................................................................... 2-8
2.4.1 Distance Protection ................................................................................. 2-8
2.4.2 Emergency Overcurrent Protection.......................................................... 2-10
2.4.3 Power Swing Protection (optional).......................................................... 2-10
2.4.4 Pilot Protection ....................................................................................... 2-10
2.4.5 High-Sensitivity Ground Fault Protection for Ungrounded Systems
(optional)......................................................................................................... 2-10
2.4.6 High-Resistance Ground Fault Protection (optional)................................ 2-11
2.4.7 Automatic Reclose (optional).................................................................. 2-12
2.4.8 Distance-to-Fault Location...................................................................... 2-12
2.5 Additional Functions and Features of the Relay...................................................... 2-13
2.5.1 Secured Data Storage.............................................................................. 2-13
2.5.2 Serial Data Ports ..................................................................................... 2-13
2.5.3 Multiple Parameter Sets (optional) .......................................................... 2-14
July 27, 1995 2-1

7SA511 Line Protection Relay Product Description
2-2 July 27, 1995

2. Product Description
2.1 About the Relay
The 7SA511 line protection relay is a microprocessor-based relay designed to provide fast,
reliable, and selective clearance of all kinds of ground and phase faults on overhead lines and
cables being fed from one point or multiple points. The system can be radial, ring, or meshed
topography. The system starpoint can be solidly grounded, compensated (resonant grounded), or
isolated (ungrounded). This relay has 10 binary inputs, 5 trip relays, 11 signal relays, and 16 LED
indicators.
The relay can be flush or surface mounted and is easily programmed and operated using the
controls and keypad on the operator panel. The LEDs on the operator panel continuously display
relay status and target indication. When prompted, the LCD shows the system settings,
configuration settings, protection settings, measured values, calculated values, setting options,
event messages, and other operational information.
The relay can be connected to a PC or to a substation control system, enabling the user to analyze
data stored in the relay’s memory and to monitor the relay’s alarms and status signals.
July 27, 1995 2-3

2.2 Relay Features

· Microprocessor-Based Technology · Close-Onto-Fault Protection
· Fully Numerical Design · Isolated Ground Fault Detection
· Five Distance Zones, Phase and Ground · Directional High Resistance Ground
· Polygonal Impedance Characteristic Fault Protection
· Selectable Forward, Reverse or · Nonvolatile Memory for Settings and
Nondirectional Targets
· Separate R-Setting for Phase and · Programmable Binary Inputs, LEDs,
Ground Signal and Trip Relays
· Seven Independent Time Delays · Four Independent Setting Groups
· Fault Detector Options · Fault Locating
- Overcurrent · Parallel Line Compensation Option
- Voltage-Controlled Overcurrent · Fault Target Data
- Impedance · Fault Waveform Capture (0.83 ms
· Pilot Logic Schemes resolution for 60 Hz frequency)
- Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip · Operations Event Log
(POTT) · Circuit Breaker Operations Counter
- Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip · Accumulated Circuit Breaker
(PUTT) Interrupted Current (per pole)
- Blocking · Real-Time Clock
- Unblocking · Circuit Breaker Trip Test Function
- Directional Comparison · Circuit Breaker Reclose Test
- Directional Pilot Wire (requires · Metering Functions (On-line)
7PA5210) - Voltage
· Weak Feed Echo Keying Logic - Current
· Transient Blocking - Real Power (Watts)
· Zone Extension Scheme - Reactive Power (Vars)
· Reverse Interlock Bus Protection - Frequency
· Single/Three-Pole Trip - Impedances
· Single/Three-Pole Multi-Shot Reclosing · Two Serial Ports (one standard, one
· Loss of Potential Block optional)
· Overcurrent Protection as Backup for · IEC 870-5 Communication Standard
Distance Protection · Self-Monitoring
· Power Swing Block/Trip · Draw Out Construction
2.3 Relay Setting Types

The relay requires four types of settings. The settings, described below, determine how the relay
recognizes and responds to operating conditions to protect your power apparatus equipment.
Each relay is delivered with a set of parameters that are preprogrammed at the factory. All of the
presettings are identified in Chapter 5, “Programming the Relay.”
· Operating settings define the conditions under which the relay will function. These
include the setting of the real-time clock (time and date), choice of display language, and
2-4 July 27, 1995

choice of the data transmission rate for the front port. The operating settings also identify
what information is to be displayed in each of the two lines of the LCD for operational
messages and for fault messages.
The relay’s “Scope of Functions” settings are also considered part of the operating
settings. These settings indicate which functions are activated (EXIST) and deactivated
(NON-EXIST). Operating settings also indicate how the optional functions automatic
reclose and parameter changeover will operate.
· System settings identify the protected power system and switchgear. Information such as
the system starpoint direction and condition, voltage transformer voltages, and current
transformer rated current is required. The relay’s distance protection and ground fault
protection functions use this information to compute the system’s protection requirements.
When the parameter changeover feature is available (see section 2.5.3), system settings
can vary between the parameter sets.
· Protection settings such as for distance protection, pilot protection, and overcurrent
protection, specify the values that are used to identify fault conditions and are the majority
of settings the 7SA511 relay requires. Depending on your relay model (see section 1.3.3),
you may also need to indicate settings for power swing blocking protection or high-
resistance ground fault protection. When the parameter changeover feature is available
(see section 2.5.3), protection settings can vary between the parameter sets.
· Relay configuration settings tell the relay how to process the input information and
logically associate it with the output devices. If desired, you can reassign the binary inputs,
annunciations, and the function of the relay’s output signals, trip relays, and LEDs.
Configuration is also referred to in this manual as programming or marshalling the relay.
2.3.1 Relay Setting Descriptions (by Address Block)

Each relay input and output setting is assigned to a four-digit address number that you must
access to display or change the setting. Address numbers are typically grouped in blocks
according to their function. Table 2-1 describes all of the primary address blocks used in this
relay. Your relay’s configuration determines which addresses you will be able to access.
Table 2-1. 7SA511 Relay Primary Address Blocks.

Address LCD Text Description
1000 PARAMETERS
1100 POWER Program the protected system settings such as the system starpoint
SYSTEM DATA condition, voltage transformer data, and current transformer data.
Also set the parameters for general line data.
1200 DIST. PROT. Indicate whether distance protection is on or off, program the
GENERAL SETTINGS direction of the distance protection directional elements, and set the
trip delays for the fault detection zones (T4 or T5).
1300 DIST. PROT. Set the parameters for independent distance zones.
INDEPEND. ZONES Zone Z1 delay T1
Zone Z2 delay T2
Zone Z3 delay T3
July 27, 1995 2-5


1400 DIST. PROT. Set the parameters for controlled (overreach) zones.
CONTROLLED ZONES Zone Z1B delay T1B
Zone Z1L delay T1L
1500 DIST. PROT. Select the measurement control parameters for voltage-controlled
FAULT DETECTION overcurrent fault detection or impedance fault detection.
1600 DIST. PROT. Set the parameters for the fault detection program selected in
FAULT DETECTION address 1500. Also used to set all parameters for overcurrent
detection only.
1700 FAULT LOOP Set the parameters for determination of a fault loop in a grounded
EARTHED NETWORK system
1800 FAULT LOOP Set the parameters for determination of a fault loop in isolated or
NON-EARTHED NET compensated systems.
2000 POWER SWING Select the type of power swing blocking protection (three options),
and set the power swing polygon and vector values.
2100 TELEPROTEC Program the settings for pilot protection, permissive underreach
PERM. UNDERREACH transfer scheme.
2200 TELEPROTEC Program the settings for pilot protection, permissive overreach
PER. OVERREACH transfer scheme. This includes setting the echo keying function on or
off, the echo delay time, signal duration, and transient blocking
time.
2600 EMERGENCY Program the settings for emergency overcurrent protection,
OVERCURRENT PROT. including turning the function on or off.
2800 FAULT Turn the waveform capture function on or off, select whether
RECORDINGS waveform capture is initiated by fault detection or by trip command,
and indicate whether waveform records will be sent to a
communications device connected to the front or to the rear port.
2900 MEAS. VALUE Control the sensitivity of the measured values monitoring functions.
SUPERVISION Also program the settings for the fuse failure monitor, if used.
3000 EARTH FAULT Configure the relay for ground fault detection in systems with an
NON-EARTHED NET isolated or compensated starpoint.
3100 EARTH FAULT Configure the relay for high-resistance ground fault protection in a
DIREC/NON-DIREC grounded system.
3200 EARTH FAULT Configure directional comparison ground fault protection settings.
DIREC. COMPARISON
3300 EARTH FAULT Configure the relay for nondirectional ground fault protection.
NON-DIRECTIONAL
3400 AUTO-RECLOS. Program how the auto-reclose function interacts with the protection
FUNCTIONS functions, and set reclose cycle times.
3800 FAULT Configure the fault location function.
LOCATION
4000 TESTS
4200 DIRECTIONAL TEST Run the preprogrammed directional test of the individual
measurement loops. All six measurement loops should indicate the
correct direction of the load flow.
4300 CB-TEST Run the preprogrammed trip-close test using the internal auto-
TRIP-CLOSE CYCLE reclose function.
4400 CB TEST Check the operation of the circuit breaker tripping function and the
LIVE TRIP operation of the circuit breaker. This test is independent of the
automatic reclose function.
2-6 July 27, 1995


5000 ANNUNCIATIONS
5100 OPERATIONAL Display operational and status events in chronological order
ANNUNCIATIONS beginning with the latest event. Operational messages include
pickup and drop-out of enabled protections and alarms, pickup and
drop-out of binary inputs, signal outputs, trips, relay diagnostics, and
other relay operational information.
5200 LAST FAULT Display the target history log for the most recent system fault, from
fault detection until drop-out. The fault number, beginning fault
time and time resolution display first, followed by the applicable
annunciations. Fault annunciations are available for distance
protection, emergency overcurrent protection, fault location, high-
resistance ground fault protection, and the internal auto-reclose
function.
5300 2nd to LAST FAULT Display the target history log for the second to last fault. See address
5200 for available fault messages.
5400 3rd to LAST FAULT Display the target history log for the third to last fault. See address
5200 for available fault messages.
5500 ISOLATED Display the annunciations generated for the last three ground faults
EARTH FLT DATA for ungrounded systems (isolated or compensated).
5600 CB OPERAT. Display the circuit breaker operation statistics.
STATISTICS
5700 OPERATIONAL Display the operational measured values, which are calculated based
MEASURED VALUES on the values entered for the protected system settings and on the
relay rated frequency. The data displays in absolute primary values
and in percent of the rated relay values.
5800 ISOL. E/F For ungrounded systems, this address displays the measured values
MEASURED VALUES that occurred during the last ground fault.
6000 MARSHALLING
6100 MARSHALLING Configure the binary inputs.
BINARY INPUTS
6200 MARSHALLING Configure the signal relays.
SIGNAL RELAYS
6300 MARSHALLING Configure the LEDs, including whether the indication is latched or
LED INDICATORS unlatched.
6400 MARSHALLING Configure the trip relays.
TRIP RELAYS
6900 LSA CONFIGURATION Indicate whether the relay is part of a substation control system via
the rear communications port.
7000 OPERATING Program the language selection, date format, substation
PARAMETERS identification numbers for the relay; select which operational
messages to display, which fault event annunciations to display, etc.
7800 SCOPE OF FUNCTIONS Indicate which protection and operating functions are available in
the relay, e.g., emergency overcurrent protection, fault location
detection, internal auto-reclose, etc. Also identify the rated frequency
for the protected system.
7900 DEVICE Program how the auto-reclose function interacts with the protection
CONFIGURATION functions of the relay.
8000 DEVICE CONTROL
8100 SETTING Set the date and time for the real-time clock. You can also specify a
REAL TIME CLOCK difference time, which is primarily used to synchronize the relay’s
real-time clock with another reference.
July 27, 1995 2-7


8200 RESET Reset stored data including the LEDs, event log, and target log data.
8500 PARAMETER Select which parameter set is to be active, and copy parameter sets.
CHANGE-OVER
2.4 Overview of Protection Functions

This section gives an overview of each of the 7SA511 relay protection functions, as listed below:
· Distance protection
· Emergency overcurrent protection
· Power swing protection (optional)
· Pilot protection
· Ground fault detection for ungrounded systems (optional)
· High-resistance ground fault protection for grounded systems (optional)
· Automatic reclose (optional)
· Distance-to-fault location
You should read the relay’s model number on the front of the operator panel to determine if your
relay has the optional protection functions. section 1.3 in the “Introduction” section of this manual
describes how to read and interpret the relay model number.
2.4.1 Distance Protection

Distance protection is the main function of the 7SA511 relay. It is characterized by high
measuring accuracy and flexible adaptation possibilities for the system characteristics. The
distinguishing distance protection features of the 7SA511 relay are briefly discussed in the rest of
this section.
Feature Description
Fault detection · Overcurrent fault detection (Iph>>). Use of this fault detection
options scheme depends on high short circuit currents.
· Voltage-controlled overcurrent (underimpedance) fault detection

(V</I>). An overcurrent detection scheme in which the pickup
value is voltage-controlled. The measured voltages, depending
on the selected settings, may be the phase-to-ground or the
phase-to-phase voltages.
Polygonal impedance (dogbone) fault detection (Z<). This

detection scheme uses calculated loop impedance values.
2-8 July 27, 1995

Feature Description
Ground fault · Ground faults are detected by ground current ( IE )or displacement
detection voltage ( VE ).
· Either the impedance of the three phase-to-phase loops or three

phase-to-ground loops are calculated depending on the ground
fault detection. The effect of apparent impedance in unfaulted
phases during ground faults is eliminated by a compensation
method.
Tripping · The relay has polygonal tripping characteristics with separate
characteristics and settings for reactance and resistance. Separate settings are
distance zones provided for the resistance for multi-phase and phase-to-ground
faults.
· Five distance zones are provided, and they may be independently

set in the forward direction, reverse direction, or nondirectional.
Two of the zones may also be used for zone extension schemes.
Directional Directional measurement using sound phase voltages or voltage
measurement memory
Trip delays Seven independent trip delays are provided
Phase-selective Phase-selective tripping is available for use with single-pole or single
tripping and three-pole automatic reclosing schemes
Automatic blocking To prevent incorrect distance measurement, automatic blocking of the
of the distance distance protection function is provided following loss of measured
protection function voltages
Fault location and Fault location (distance-to-fault) is provided through calculation of
clearance the fault impedance. The distance-to-fault may be output in distance
units (miles or kilometers), or percentage of line length. An optional
parallel line compensation function is available.
When a fault is detected, the relay initiates the following procedures

for selective clearance of the fault:
1. Starts the delay times

2. Selects the measured values
3. Releases the impedance calculation and directional
identification
4. Releases the trip command
5. Initiates other auxiliary functions
6. Indicates the faulty conductor(s)
July 27, 1995 2-9

2.4.2 Emergency Overcurrent Protection

During periods when the line secondary voltage signal is not available, the relay can be used as a
two-stage, definite-time, overcurrent protection device. You can also program the relay to
automatically change over to the overcurrent mode for “emergency” service following detection
of VT circuit failure. The VT failure is detected by the relay’s internal monitoring and plausibility
checks. External detection of VT failures may be input to the relay via a binary input.
2.4.3 Power Swing Protection (optional)

Power swing protection is an optional function in 7SA511 relay models that use the polygonal
impedance fault detection scheme (model number 7SA511*-**A52***1/3). There are two ways
you can program the relay to respond to a detected power swing.
1. Blocking. The distance protection tripping function may be blocked for the duration
of the power swing.
2. Tripping. Tripping may be initiated following the detection of a power swing outside
the defined stability limits.
2.4.4 Pilot Protection

The 7SA511 relay provides pilot protection for fast, selective clearance of faults over the
complete line. You can choose from the following pilot protection schemes:
· Permissive underreach transfer tripping(PUTT) with nondirectional fault detection

· Permissive underreach transfer tripping with directional overreach zone Z1B)
· Permissive overreach transfer tripping (POTT)with overreach zone Z1B
· Directional comparison with fault detection
· Unblocking with zone Z1B
· Blocking mode with zone Z1B
· Directional pilot wire mode
· Reverse interlocking (bus protection)
The pilot protection signal interface is implemented by assigning appropriate logical functions to a
signal relay (transmitter) and a binary input (receiver).
2.4.5 High-Sensitivity Ground Fault Protection for Ungrounded Systems (optional)

In systems having an isolated neutral or a neutral grounded through an arc suppression coil,
single-phase ground faults will not be detected by the short circuit protection function because of
the minimal flow of ground fault current. The optional ground fault protection function for
ungrounded systems recognizes, and when possible, locates the fault. Ground fault protection for
ungrounded systems (relay models 7SA511*-**A5*-1***) includes the following functions.
· The relay detects (picks up) the ground fault by monitoring the displacement voltage.
· By measuring the phase-to-ground voltages, the relay determines the faulted phase.
· The direction of the ground fault (residual) current is determined by high accuracy,
real, and apparent component measurement.
2-10 July 27, 1995

2.4.6 High-Resistance Ground Fault Protection (optional)

High-resistance ground fault protection is another optional feature of the relay (models 7SA511*-
**A5*-0/2**2/3) that is used for detection of ground faults in grounded systems where the fault
path resistance can be extremely high (e.g., overhead lines without lightning protection
conductors, or ground paths in sandy soils). In such cases, overcurrent and underimpedance
elements do not always pick up, so phase selection for the distance measurement is not possible.
You can select the high-resistance ground fault protection function to work in one of two ways:
directional or nondirectional protection.
· Directional ground fault protection (definite time, overcurrent protection)

incorporates nondirectional backup and standby protection. This function can be
extended by integrated directional comparison logic so a carrier channel can be used
for fast, selective tripping for high-resistance ground faults.
· Nondirectional fault detection using inverse time overcurrent, with adjustable

characteristics, can be selected. This method is used most frequently for highly
interlinked ground systems with high-resistance ground faults where the ends of the
faulty line section carry the largest fault current and thus produce the shortest tripping
time.
When using impedance fault detection, ground fault impedances can occur which appear to lie
outside the pickup characteristic of the relay. The high-resistance ground fault protection function
of the 7SA511 relay also prevents this occurrence.
July 27, 1995 2-11

2.4.7 Automatic Reclose (optional)

Automatic reclose (AR) is an optional relay function (relay models 7SA511*-**A5*-
**B/C/F/G*). The automatic reclose function can minimize the system down time caused by
temporary faults. The range of functions for automatic reclose include:
· Three-pole automatic reclose for all fault types

· Single-pole automatic reclose for single-phase faults, no reclose for multi-phase faults
· Single-pole automatic reclose for single-phase faults, and three-pole automatic reclose for
multi-phase faults
· Single- or multi-shot reclose
· On/off control
· Selection of which protection elements can initiate automatic reclose
· Programmable reclaim time after
- successful AR cycle
- unsuccessful AR cycle
- manual reclose of circuit breaker
· Integration with external automatic reclose equipment with communications via binary
inputs and outputs
· Control of the automatic reclose function by an external protection scheme
· Blocking of automatic reclose
- following manual reclose
- on reverse direction fault detection (user-programmable)
- on detection of evolving faults (user-programmable)
2.4.8 Distance-to-Fault Location

The distance-to-fault location function provides quick location of the fault point and repair of any
resultant damage, which increases the availability of the line for energy transmission in the system.
Distance-to-fault location is typically initiated by a trip command from the distance protection
function, but it can also be initiated by a binary input.
Working independently from the distance protection elements, distance-to-fault uses its own filter
algorithms and measured values to recognize and locate the fault. The fault location calculation
results in the following outputs:
· Short circuit loop from which the fault reactance is determined

· Reactance per phase in primary ohms
· Resistance per phase in primary ohms
· Distance to the fault in unit-of-length measure
· Distance to the fault in percent of total line length
For accurate impedance measurements in parallel line systems, the optional ground fault detection
function for parallel line compensation is required (relay models 7SA511*-**A5*-2***).
2-12 July 27, 1995

2.5 Additional Functions and Features of the Relay

The rest of this chapter gives a general description about the remaining functions and features of
the 7SA511 relay, as listed below:
· Secured data storage

· Serial data ports
· Multiple parameter sets (optional)
2.5.1 Secured Data Storage

The 7SA511 relay provides all the data necessary to analyze the operational performance of the
relay following a system fault. The recording functions, discussed below, are secured in case of a
power interruption.
· Real-time clock. A real-time clock with battery backup may be synchronized via a binary
input or through a serial data port (see section 2.5.2). All events are recorded with a date
and time tag.
· Target history log. Operational records for the last three faults are recorded and stored in
the relay’s memory. These records include the fault type, interrupted current, distance-to-
fault, etc.
· Target history for ungrounded systems. Relays with the optional isolated system
ground fault detection function record the details for the last three ground faults in a
separate log.
· Tripping statistics. For each pole of a circuit breaker, it is possible to record the
cumulative total of tripping operations and interrupted current.
2.5.2 Serial Data Ports

A serial data port through which the relay can be programmed and operated is available on the
operator panel. A second, optional port, used for data retrieval only, is available on the rear panel.
In both cases, the data transmission protocol is in compliance with IEC 870-5.
Front Panel Port

The port on the operator panel is intended to be used with a locally attached personal computer
(PC). It is accessible through the 25 pin connector on the operator panel. The attached PC can
run DIGSIÒ or other appropriate software to communicate and exchange information with the
relay. This interface is not electrically isolated from the monitored system and conforms to the
EIA RS-232-C specification.
Rear Port
The optional port on the rear panel of the relay is intended for remote data retrieval by a
substation control system. It is available as an optical fiber or hard-wired interface (relay models
7SA511*-**A5*-*B/C**). Consult the factory for details on the use of this feature.
July 27, 1995 2-13

2.5.3 Multiple Parameter Sets (optional)

Another optional feature of the 7SA511 relay is the ability to program multiple parameter sets
(relay models 7SA511*-**A5*-**E/F/G*). This feature, called parameter changeover (PCO),
provides four parameter sets—identified as A, B, C, and D—in addition to the original, default
set. System settings and relay protection settings (addresses 1000 to 4000) can be uniquely
defined for each parameter set. You can also copy data from one parameter set to another,
including the original set.
Only one parameter set is active at a time. You can change the active parameter set during relay
operation (provided no protection functions are picked up) using the operator panel or through
the binary inputs. If the relay is connected to a PC via the front port, you can use DIGSI®
software to change the active parameter set.
2-14 July 27, 1995

7SA511 Line Protection Relay Acceptance Tests
Acceptance Tests
Table of Contents
3. Acceptance Tests ................................................................................................................ 3-3

3.1 Test Equipment ..................................................................................................... 3-4
3.2 Energizing the Relay.............................................................................................. 3-5
3.2.1 Reading the Initial Display....................................................................... 3-5
3.2.2 Verifying the Language Setting ............................................................... 3-6
3.3 Relay Settings for Acceptance Tests ...................................................................... 3-7
3.4 Power Supply Test ................................................................................................ 3-8
3.5 Metering Tests....................................................................................................... 3-10
3.6 Binary Input Test................................................................................................... 3-12
3.7 LED Test............................................................................................................... 3-13
3.8 Signal and Trip Relay Test..................................................................................... 3-15
3.9 Testing the Fault Detection Systems ...................................................................... 3-16
3.9.1 Overcurrent Fault Detection Test ............................................................ 3-16
3.9.2 Voltage-Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detection Test (Optional)............. 3-17
3.9.3 Impedance Fault Detection Test (optional) .............................................. 3-19
3.10 Testing the Distance Zones .................................................................................. 3-21
3.10.1 Independent Zones Z1, Z2, and Z3 ........................................................ 3-23
3.10.2 Overreach Zones Z1B and Z1L ............................................................. 3-23
3.10.3 Coordination Times............................................................................... 3-24
3.11 Testing the Power Swing Blocking Function (Optional)....................................... 3-24
3.12 Signal Transmission Test ..................................................................................... 3-25
3.12.1 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT)........................................ 3-25
3.12.2 Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip (POTT) ......................................... 3-26
3.13 Emergency Overcurrent Protection Test .............................................................. 3-27
3.13.1 Initial Setup........................................................................................... 3-28
3.13.2 High-Set Overcurrent ............................................................................ 3-28
3.13.3 Definite Time Overcurrent Protection.................................................... 3-29
3.13.4 Overcurrent Test Procedure .................................................................. 3-29
3.14 Isolated Ground Fault Detection Test (Optional).................................................. 3-30
3.15 High-Resistance Ground Fault Protection Tests (Optional) .................................. 3-30
3.15.1 Testing the Directional, Definite Time Ground Fault Protection............. 3-30
3.15.2 Testing the Nondirectional Inverse Time Ground Fault Protection......... 3-32
3.16 Testing the Automatic Reclose (AR) Function (Optional) .................................... 3-32
3.17 End of Acceptance Testing .................................................................................. 3-33
List of Figures
Figure 3-1. Voltage-Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detector Characteristic.............................3-18

Figure 3-2. Polygonal Impedance Fault Detection Characteristic............................................ 3-20
Figure 3-3. Distance Zone Characteristics.............................................................................. 3-22
July 27, 1995 3-1

3-2 July 27, 1995

3. Acceptance Tests
This section provides acceptance test procedures. Follow these procedures carefully to avoid
possible injury and equipment damage. When testing the 7SA511 relay, you should be familiar
with all applicable safety regulations from ANSI, IEC, NEC, and other pertinent standards.
Be sure that you are using the correct tests for your relay configuration. If a test is not applicable
to your relay model number and configuration do not attempt to perform the test.
In the following chapters, the protection functions provided by the relay are referenced with the
IEC designations shown in the list below. This nomenclature is used in the text, the tables and the
LCD. The corresponding ANSI designations are also indicated.
IEC ANSI
I>> 50H/51H High-set emergency overcurrent protection element for
phases
I> 50/51 Definite time emergency overcurrent protection element for
phases
I E> 50G/51G/67G Time overcurrent element for high-resistance ground fault
protection in grounded systems
VE> Displacement voltage threshold for isolated ground fault
detection
AR 79 Automatic reclose
47 Phase sequence check
21 Distance protection with:
Iph>> - Overcurrent fault detection
V</I> - Voltage-controlled overcurrent fault detection
Z< - Impedance fault detection
85 Pilot protection
78 Power swing/out-of-step protection
For information on relay mounting and connection options, refer to the “Installation” section.
July 27, 1995 3-3

The acceptance tests described in the rest of this chapter verify the following are working:
· Power supply
· Metering capabilities
· Fault detection systems
- Overcurrent
- Voltage-controlled overcurrent (7SA511*-*CA52/3-****)
- Polygonal impedance (7SA511*-*CA52-****)
· Distance zone schemes
· Pilot protection signal transmission functions
· Ground fault detection for ungrounded systems (7SA511*-*CA5*-1***)
· High-resistance ground fault protection for grounded systems
(7SA511*-*CA5*-0/2**2/3)
· Automatic reclose (model number 7SA511*-*CA5*-**B/C/F/G*)
· Power swing function (model number 7SA511*-*CA52-***1/3)
· Binary inputs and LED operations
· Output contacts (signal and trip relays)
3.1 Test Equipment

You will need the following items to perform the acceptance tests:
· DC power supply, 20W nominal minimum with a 1 millisecond peak load capability as
indicated in Table 3-1.
Table 3-1. Power Supply Rated Voltage (VDC) by Relay Model Number
Relay Model Number Rated Voltage Inrush (peak)
7SA511*-2*A5*-**** 24/48 VDC 100 A
7SA511*-4*A5*-**** 60/110/125 VDC 50 A
7SA511*-5*A5*-**** 220/250 VDC 25 A
Note: See section 1.3, “Relay Model Number,” for more information
on how to read and interpret the relay model number.
· Timer with electrical start/stop contacts

· Multimeter
· DC voltage source adjustable between 0 V and 30 V
· Combination three-phase AC 60 Hz current and voltage source with adjustable:
- Voltage between 0 V and 100 V
- Current between 0 A and 20 A
- Phase angle between voltage and current of 0° to 90°
Note: Commercial test sets that include some or all of the above test tools are
available and can be used in the following tests.
3-4 July 27, 1995

3.2 Energizing the Relay
DANGER
Hazardous voltages in the equipment.
This can cause severe personal injury and
equipment damage.
Testing should be performed only by qualified

personnel. Follow all safety instructions
contained herein. Do not insert or withdraw
the module under power. Do not make wiring
connections or changes under power.
1. Connect the relay to a DC power source that provides the rated relay voltage as described in
Table 3-1.
2. If a protective cover is on the relay, remove the cover to access the operator panel. Refer to
“Installation” section 4.3.1 of this manual for step-by-step instructions on removing the
relay protective cover.
3. Position the On/Off switch on the operator’s panel to the “On” position. After energizing
the relay, the green Power LED should light, and the Blocked LED will light up briefly then
go out, which indicates the relay successfully completed its self-diagnostics tests.
4. Continue with section 3.2.1, “Reading the Initial Display.”
3.2.1 Reading the Initial Display

When the relay is first energized, the text on the initial display will read as shown below:
Instead of ‘x.x’ appearing on the display, the relay

0000z7SA511Vx.x firmware version, e.g., ‘2.1’, will appear.
7SA511**********
The second line of the display shows the complete relay
ordering number. The asterisks (*) shown here
represent the characters that should appear in your
relay’s display.
July 27, 1995 3-5

3.2.2 Verifying the Language Setting

The language setting cannot be determined from the initial display. To verify the language setting
is English, follow this procedure:
1. Press the Direct Addr key. The display will appear as
DIRECT ADDRESS (English)
or
(German)
DIREKTE ADRESSE
3-6 July 27, 1995

If the display shows . . . Then . . .

DIRECT ADDRESS the language setting is correct. You can continue to operate the
relay and enter an address number, or type in 0000 and press
Enter to return to the initial display.
DIREKTE ADRESSE follow these steps to change the language parameter.
a. Type in 7001 and press Enter. “7001 z SPRACHE

DEUTSCH” will appear on the display.
b. Press the Password key and enter password ‘000000’.
Each character (‘0’) you type appears as the @ symbol
on the display.
c. Press Enter.
d. If your entry is correct, the message “CW AKZEPTIERT”
appears on the display. Press Enter again. You return
to address 7001, and the relay is in Programming
mode. Go to step g.
e. If your entry is not valid, the message
“CODEWORTEINGABE: CODEWORT FALSCH”
appears on the display. Begin again with step c.
f. Press the No key. “ENGLISH” will appear on line 2 of the
display.
g. Press Enter to select the setting “English.”
h. Press the key three times. The message
“CODEWORTBEREICH VERLASSEN?” will appear on
the display.
i. Press the Yes key in response to the message and to save
the language parameter. The “NEW SETTINGS SAVED”
message will appear on the LCD.
j. Press Enter to clear the message from the LCD and return
to the initial 0000 address display.
3.3 Relay Settings for Acceptance Tests

1. Unless otherwise noted, the tests in this chapter assume that the relay presettings are used.
Refer to the “Setting Worksheets” reference section of this manual for identification of all of
the relay presettings in address number order.
2. Some tests in this chapter require you to change settings. After acceptance testing is complete,
you will need to change the relay settings back to your settings. Refer to Chapter 5,
“Programming the Relay,” for detailed instructions on how to change relay settings.
3. Using the programming procedures provided in “Programming the Relay” ,ensure that the
frequency parameter at address 7899 is set to 60 Hz.
July 27, 1995 3-7

Note: Inaccurate test results may indicate that the relay settings being used are incorrect.
Always verify the relay settings for each test before beginning the test. If you
repeatedly receive inaccurate test results and the relay settings are correct for the test,
immediately contact the relay manufacturer.
CAUTION
Excessive test currents.
Test currents larger than 4IN may
damage the relay if applied
continuously.
Refer to the Specifications for

overload ratings.
CAUTION
Excessive test voltage.
Test voltages larger than 140 V
may damage the relay if applied
continuously.

overload ratings.
3.4 Power Supply Test

This procedure will check the power consumption of the 7SA511 and the alarm relay contacts.
1. Connect test equipment to the relay as indicated in the Table 3-2.
Table 3-2. Power Supply Test Connections

Relay Terminal Connections
Test Equipment - Relay + (where applicable) - (where applicable)
DC Power supply - Power input 4B1 4B2
Power Consumption Test

A DC power supply is connected to the relay power input terminals. The input voltage is then
varied over the allowed range and the current into the relay is checked to ensure that it is within
the specified limits.
3-8 July 27, 1995

Test Procedure
1. Measure the input current while varying the input voltage between the limits indicated in the
table below. The values should be within the “Measured Current” range for the corresponding
entry in Table 3-3.
Table 3-3. Power Consumption Test

Test Voltage (V) Measured Current (A)
Relay Model Number Rated Voltage Min. Max. Min. Max.
7SA511*-2*A5*-**** 24/48 V 19.2 V 56.0 V 0.12 A 0.63 A
7SA511*-4*A5*-**** 60/110/125 V 48.0 V 144.0 V 0.04 A 0.25 A
7SA511*-5*A5*-**** 220/250 V 176.0 V 288.0 V 0.02 A 0.07 A
Alarm Relay Contact Test

The alarm relay contacts are tested for correct operation in both normal and failure modes. The
failure mode is simulated by removing relay power.
Test Procedure
1. Connect ohmmeters or other appropriate continuity checking devices to the relay terminals as
indicated in the table below.
2. For the Power On/Off switch settings shown in Table 3-4 (supply or relay), the continuity
reading should be as indicated.
Table 3-4. Alarm Relay Contact Test

Power On/Off Terminals 6A2-6A1 Terminals 6A1-6A3
Off W =0 W =¥
On W =¥ W =0
July 27, 1995 3-9

3.5 Metering Tests

These procedures check the analog channels to the relay’s microprocessor. Known values of
current and voltage are connected to the current and voltage inputs, and the accuracy of the relay
measurement is checked.
Current and Frequency Metering Test

This test uses a single-phase input and tests each current input separately.
Test Procedure
1. Connect test equipment to the relay as indicated in Table 3-1.
Table 3-5. Current and Frequency Metering Test Connections

1-phase current source - IL1 3A1 3A2
Notes: 1. The frequency of the test current must be the same as the relay’s rated frequency (fN), as
defined at address 7899.
2. The test current must match the relay’s rated current, IN. Refer to the relay model
number to determine the rated current as indicated in the following chart.
Model No. IN
7SA5111-**A5*-**** 1A
7SA5115-**A5*-**** 5A
2. Using the operator panel, display the address corresponding to the terminal pair that has the
current source connected (see Table 3-6).
3. Ensure that the displayed percentage is within the tolerance indicated in Table 3-6
4. Move the current source to the next pair of terminals indicated in the table below. Repeat
steps 2 through 4. Continue testing until all three pairs of current input terminals have been
tested.
Table 3-6. Current Metering Test

Tolerance
Current Input Connections Addr. No. LCD Text Min. Value Max. Value
3A1 - 3A2 (IL1) 5710 IL1[%] = 100% 98% 102%
2A1 - 2A2 (IL2) 5711 IL2[%] = 100% 98% 102%
1A1 - 1A2 (IL3) 5712 IL3[%] = 100% 98% 102%
5. Display address 5709. Ensure that the displayed value, f[%], is between 99.5% and 100.5%.
3-10 July 27, 1995

Voltage Metering Test

This test uses a single-phase input and tests each voltage input separately.
Test Procedure
Table 3-7. Voltage Metering Test Connections

1-phase voltage source - VL1 3B1 2B3
Notes: 1. The frequency of the test voltage must be the same as the relay’s rated frequency (fN), as
2. The test voltage must match the relay’s rated secondary voltage (VN SECOND.) setting at
address 1104.
2. Using the operator panel, display the address corresponding to the terminal pair that has the
voltage source connected (see Table 3-8).
3. Ensure that the displayed percentage is within the tolerance indicated in Table 3-8.
4. Move the voltage source to the next pair of terminals indicated in the table below. Repeat
steps 2 through 4. Continue testing until all three pairs of voltage input terminals have been
tested.
Table 3-8. Voltage Metering Test

Tolerance
Voltage Input Connections Addr. No. LCD Text Min. Value Max. Value
3B1 - 2B3 (VL1) 5713 UL12[%] = 100% 98% 102%
3B2 - 2B3 (VL2) 5714 UL23[%] = 100% 98% 102%
3B3 - 2B3 (VL3) 5715 UL31[%] = 100% 98% 102%
July 27, 1995 3-11

3.6 Binary Input Test

This test checks operation of the binary inputs. A voltage below the minimum value required for
an active level (approx. 11 volts, provided that the threshold has not been increased as described
in the “Installation” chapter.) is applied to the binary inputs. The event log is then checked to
ensure that no events are logged. A voltage at or above the minimum value required for an active
level is applied to the binary inputs. The event log is then checked to see that the preset functions
assigned to the binary inputs are correctly logged. Only binary inputs that are available in the
standard configuration and have a factory preset function assigned are tested.
Test Procedure
Table 3-9. Binary Input Test Connections

DC Voltage source - Binary input 1 8A2 8A1
2. Set the voltage source to zero.
Note: The binary input voltage must never exceed the upper relay specification limit defined in
the “Specifications” section.
3. Power on the relay.

4. Using the programming procedures described in “Programming the Relay,” ensure the relay
settings match those shown in Table 3-10.
Table 3-10. I/O Assignments for Binary Input Test

Addr. Index No. LCD Text
6101 001 INPUT 1 >Reset LED NO
6102 001 INPUT 1 >VT mcb Trip NO
6104 001 INPUT 1 >Manual Close NO
6105 001 INPUT 1 >Dis. Recept NO
6106 001 INPUT 1 >Dis. RecFail NO
5. Refer to the “Erasing Stored Data” section in the “Maintenance” chapter to reset the event
log. All other relay settings should be factory presets.
6. Using the operator panel, display address 5100. “OPERATIONAL ANNUNCIATIONS”
appears in the display. Press to display the first entry in the log.
7. Ensure that the displayed message is “Table empty.”
8. Exit display of the 5100 block. Increase the binary input voltage to 20 volts. Repeat step 6.
Ensure that the displayed message matches that shown in Table 3-11. Reduce the binary input
voltage to zero.
3-12 July 27, 1995

9. Move the voltage source to the next pair of terminals indicated in Table 3-11. Repeat steps 5
through 8 then exit the test procedure.
Table 3-11. Binary Input Test

Binary Input Connections
Binary Input No. Plus (+) Minus (-) LCD Text (2nd line)
1 8A2 8A1 LED reset C
2 8A4 8A3 >VT mcb Trip C
4 7A4 7A3 Manual Close C
5 8D2 8D1 >Dist. Recept C
6 8D4 8D3 >Dist.Rec Fail.C
3.7 LED Test

This test checks the operation of a subset of the programmable LEDs on the operator panel.
Factory presets are used for this test. A single-phase current large enough to cause the emergency
overcurrent protection to pick up is applied sequentially to each of the three phase current inputs.
A table is provided that shows which LEDs should light at each stage of the test. The final step in
this procedure tests the relay function that allows the LEDs to be reset by means of a binary input.
Test Procedure
1. Connect test equipment to the relay as indicated in Table 3-12. Binary Input 1 is the only
binary input that should have a connection.
Table 3-12. LED Test Connections

DC Voltage source - Binary input 1 8A2 8A1
Note: The frequency of the test current must be the same as the relay’s rated frequency, fN, as
2. Set the current and voltage sources to zero.

3. Power on the relay and press the Target Reset key. All programmable LEDs should be off.
4. Using the programming procedures described in “Programming the Relay,” ensure the settings
for the programmable LEDs (addresses 6301 - 6314) match the default settings shown in
Table 5-30. Also, ensure the settings shown in Table 3-13 are as indicated.
July 27, 1995 3-13

Table 3-13. LED Test Settings

Addr. LCD Text
2601 EMERG.O/C ON
2605 I>> phases 2.00 I/In
2606 T-I>> phases 0.30 s
5. Increase the input current until it reaches 2.5IN. Wait at least 1 second after completing input
adjustments to ensure that all time delays have expired before examining the results. Verify the
state of the LEDs as indicated in Table 3-14. Reduce the current input to zero. Move the
current source to the next set of terminals in the table and press the Target Reset key.
Repeat this step until all three pairs of current input terminals have been tested.
Table 3-14. LED Test

LED
Current Input Connections 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 13 14
3A1 - 3A2 On On Off Off Off On On On On
2A1 - 2A2 On Off On Off Off On On On On
1A1 - 1A2 On Off Off On Off On On On On
1D1 - 1D2 On Off Off Off On On On On On
6. Increase the input current until it reaches 2.5IN. Wait at least 1 second after completing input
adjustments to ensure that all time delays have expired before examining the results. Verify
that one or more of the LEDs are on. Reduce the current input to zero. Except for LED 1, the
LEDs should be unchanged. Increase the voltage source to 20 volts or more. All of the LEDs
should turn off. This completes the test.
3-14 July 27, 1995

3.8 Signal and Trip Relay Test

This test checks the operation of a subset of the signal and trip relays. Factory presets are used for
this test. A three-phase current large enough to cause the emergency overcurrent protection to
pick up is applied to the three phase current inputs. This fault condition causes a specific subset of
the relays to close.
Test Procedure
Table 3-15. Signal and Trip Relay Test Connections

- IL2 2A1 2A2
- IL3 1A1 1A2
Continuity indicator - Signal relay 4 8B4 7B4
Continuity indicator - Signal relay 6 3C2 3C4
Continuity indicator - Signal relay 7 3D2 2D2
Continuity indicator - Trip relay 2 5A1 5A2
Continuity indicator - Trip relay 2 5B3 5B4
Continuity indicator - Trip relay 3 4D1 4D2
Continuity indicator - Trip relay 4 4C1 4C2
Continuity indicator - Trip relay 4 4C3 4C4
Note: The frequency of the test current must be the same as the relay’s rated frequency (fN), as
2. Set the input current to zero.

3. Power on the relay. All relay contacts should be open.
4. Using the programming procedures described in “Programming the Relay,” ensure the settings
for the signal relays (addresses 6201 - 6211) and the trip relays (addresses 6401 - 6405) match
the default settings shown in Table 5-30. Also, ensure the settings shown in Table 3-16 are as
indicated.
July 27, 1995 3-15

Table 3-16. Signal and Trip Relay Test Settings

Addr. LCD Text
2601 EMERG.O/C ON
2602 I>> phases 2.00 I/In
2603 T-I>> phases 0.30 s
5. Increase the input current (equally for all three phases) until it reaches 2.5IN. Wait at least 1
second after completing input adjustments to ensure that all time delays have expired before
examining the results. Verify that Signal Relays 6, 7, 8, and 9 are closed. Signal Relay 4
should remain open. Trip Relays 2, 3, 4, and 5 should all be closed.
6. Decrease the input current on phase 1 to zero. Wait at least 1 second after completing input
adjustments to ensure that all time delays have expired before examining the results. Verify
that Signal Relays 6, 8, and 9 and Trip Relays 2, 4, and 5 remain closed. Signal Relay 7 and
Trip Relay 3 should now be open and Signal Relay 4 should be closed.
7. Reduce the input current on all three phases to zero. Wait at least 1 second after completing
input adjustments to ensure that all time delays have expired before examining the results.
Verify that all relay contacts are open.
3.9 Testing the Fault Detection Systems

Check your relay model number to determine which test(s) you should perform to test the relay’s
fault detection system. The available systems and corresponding tests are:
· Overcurrent fault detection test, section 3.9.1 (all relay models)

· Voltage-controlled overcurrent fault detection test, section 3.9.2 (relay model
7SA511*-**A52/3-****)
· Polygonal (dogbone) impedance fault detection test, section 3.9.3 (relay model
7SA511*-**A52-****)
3.9.1 Overcurrent Fault Detection Test

This test checks the operation of the overcurrent fault detection element and the emergency
backup overcurrent element. Testing requires the use of a three-phase voltage source and a single-
phase current source. In this test, the three phase voltages are applied simultaneously to the
voltage inputs while test current is applied sequentially to each of the four current inputs.
The overcurrent detection threshold value for phase currents (IPH>> ) is set at address 1601. The
factory presetting is 1.8IN. The threshold value for ground currents (IE>) is set at address 1602
with the factory presetting of 0.50IN.
Prerequisite Settings
Addr. LCD Text Description Setting
7802 DIST.F.DET Select the type of fault detection system OVERCURRENT
7803 EMERG. O/C Emergency overcurrent protection EXIST
function
2601 EMERG. O/C Turn emergency overcurrent protection on ON
or off
3-16 July 27, 1995

Test Procedure
The test current is increased gradually in any phase until the element picks up. The pickup current
value is then verified against the programmed settings. Ensure that the relay picks up at 1.1 times
the setting value and does not pick up at 0.9 times the setting value. The reset value should be
95% of the pickup value.
When testing phase-to-phase current, pickup indication appears for the associated phases. If the
phase overcurrent threshold value is exceeded when testing phase-to-ground current, the pickup
indication for ground current (IE>) appears for the tested phase. The factory preset indicators that
are applicable in these cases are as follows:
· LED 2 for overcurrent fault in phase 1

· LED 5 for ground fault detection (IE>)
Trip delays are normally tested at two times the pickup current value. Depending on the voltage
polarity, directional final time T4 (address 1203) or nondirectional final time T5 (address 1204)
will apply. The set times are pure delay times; operating times of the measurement functions are
not included.
Remove the input voltage. Repeat time measurement for one phase. Now, the trip delay for
emergency backup operation is applicable:
· TI> for phase currents - address 2604

· TI>> for high-set phase currents - address 2606
· TI> time for ground currents - address 2609
3.9.2 Voltage-Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detection Test (Optional)

This test checks the operation of the optional voltage-controlled overcurrent fault detection
function. The relay model number must be 7SA511*-**A52/3-**** for this test to be applicable.
Testing requires the use of a three-phase voltage source and a single-phase current source. In this
test, the three phase voltages are applied simultaneously to the voltage inputs while test current is
applied sequentially to each of the four current inputs.
An example of the pickup characteristic is shown in Figure 3-1. With factory settings, the slope of
the voltage-dependent branch is zero since the voltage settings for both the Iph> and Iph>> current
levels are the same (i.e., 48 V for phase-to-ground voltage and 80 V for phase-to-phase voltage).
July 27, 1995 3-17

V
70
60
V(Iph>>)
50
V(Iph>)
40
30
Pickup
20
10
Iph> Iph>>
0
0 I/IN
1 2 3
Figure 3-1. Voltage-Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detector Characteristic.
Prerequisite Setting
7802 DIST.F.DET Select the type of fault detection system U/I
Test Procedure
1. Set test voltage to 0 V.
2. Slowly increase test current of one phase until the fault detector picks up. Pickup should
occur when the test current exceeds the setting value Iph> (address 1611, factory preset is
0.2IN). With factory preset I/O configuration, the following LEDs should light at pickup:
· LED 2 for phase 1

3. Switch off test current.

4. Using a phase-to-ground input voltage, set test voltage of the tested phase to approximately
the rated phase-to-ground voltage (factory preset is VN SECOND/1.73 = 58 V). Set the test
current of the same phase to twice the value of the minimum fault detection current IPH> at
address 1611 (factory preset is 0.20IN).
5. Slowly decrease voltage until the fault detector picks up. Pickup occurs when the test voltage
goes below the set value of addresses 1612 and 1613 (factory preset for both is 48 V). With
factory preset I/O configuration the following LEDs will light for the tested phase.

3-18 July 27, 1995

6. Using a phase-to-phase input voltage, set the test voltage of the tested loop to approximately
the rated voltage (VN SECOND at address 1104; factory preset is 100 V). Set the test current of
both the phases to twice the setting value IPH> at address 1611 (factory preset is 0.20 IN) The
phase relationship of the test voltage and test current is irrelevant.
7. Slowly decrease voltage until the fault detector picks up. Pickup occurs for both the tested
phases when the test voltage goes below the set value of addresses 1614 and 1615 (factory
preset is 80 V). With factory preset I/O configuration the following LEDs will light for the
tested phases.
· LED 2 and LED 3 for phase loop 1-2

If the voltage dependent branch is inclined, the expected pickup value of the voltage can be
calculated according to the following formula, provided the test current is 2 times the setting
value of Iph>:
 I ph > 
Pickup value V = V ( I > ) + [V ( I >>) − V ( I >)]  
 I ph >> - I ph > 
where: V(I>) = Vphe(I>) (address 1613) with phase-to-ground voltage

Vphph(I>) (address 1615) with phase-to phase voltage
V(I>>) = Vphe(I>>) (address 1612) with phase-to-ground voltage
Vphph(I>>) (address 1614) with phase-to phase input voltage
Ip > = setting at address 1611
Iph >> = setting at address 1601
3.9.3 Impedance Fault Detection Test (optional)

This test checks the operation of the optional impedance fault detection element. The relay model
number must be 7SA511*-**A52-**** for this test to be applicable. Testing requires the use of a
three-phase voltage source with clockwise rotation and a single-phase current source.
Prerequisite Setting
7802 DIST.F.DET Select the type of fault detection system IMPEDANCE ZONE
Test Procedure
Feed a test current of 2IN into the loop under test. If the test voltage will exceed the rated voltage
when the threshold is reached, reduce the test current (minimum current Iph> at address 1621
must still be exceeded). Test current must be kept constant during this test.
July 27, 1995 3-19

Validity X
Validity range KX
range KR
X+A
VP
øp
Ip
R
RA RAE
X-A
Validity range KX Validity
range KR
Figure 3-2. Polygonal Impedance Fault Detection Characteristic.
Determine the threshold point by slowly reducing the voltage. Check indicators and outputs.
Since the fault detection polygon is made up of straight lines (Figure 3-2), different formulas must
be used for the threshold voltages dependent upon the intersections of these lines. The general
formulas are:
For the reactance intersections (X-reach)
VP/V = KXX± A(IP/IN)
For the resistance intersections (R-limitation)
VP/V = KRRA(IP/IN)
3-20 July 27, 1995

where IP - test current

IN - rated relay current
VP - test voltage at threshold
X±A - setting value X+A for positive X-axis, or setting
value X-A for negative X-axis
RA - setting value RA or RAE, for the R-axis
KX - factor for X intersection according to Table 3-18
KR - factor for R intersection according to Table 3-18
For phase-to-ground testing, the test current is applied to one phase and the ground current path.
For phase-to-phase testing, the current must flow through the tested phases in opposite directions.
To avoid errors, it is essential the two phase voltages be symmetrical. For the factory set values
and IP/IN = 2, the resultant voltages will be as described in Table 3-17.
If different values have been set for RA1 and RA2, then RA1 is valid for phase angles between
-45° and +45°, and between 135° and 225°. For other phase angles, setting value RA2 is decisive.
Table 3-17. Test Voltages VP With Test Current IP = 2IN and Factory Presets.
Fault Type fp = 0° fp = 90° fp = 180° fp = 270° = 90°
3-phase VP = 12V VP = 24V VP = 12V VP = 5V
Table 3-18 gives the factors KX and KR for your own settings, for test angles fP = 90° and 0°, and
the generally applicable formulas.
Table 3-18. Test Factors KX and KR for Settings Other Than Factory Presettings.
Fault Type KX KR
fp = 270°/90° General fp = 0°/180° General
3-phase 1 1 1 1
sin φ P cos φ p
2-phase 2 2 2 2
sin φ P cos φ P
1-phase 1+ XE XL 1 + XE XL 1 + RE RL 1 + RE RL
sin φ P cosφ P
3.10 Testing the Distance Zones

This test checks the parameters for the distance zones. Testing requires the use of a three-phase
voltage source with clockwise rotation and a single-phase current source. Keep the voltage(s) in
the untested phase(s) at approximately rated value.
Test Procedure
July 27, 1995 3-21

Feed a test current IP = 2IN into the loop under test. If the test voltage will exceed the rated
voltage when the threshold is reached, reduce the test current (the minimum current Iph> at
address 1621 or 1621 and overcurrent Iph>> at address 1601 must still be exceeded). The test
current must be kept constant during a test.
X
Validity range KX
X
Vp
Validity range KR
φp
Ip RE
R
R
45°
Figure 3-3. Distance Zone Characteristics.
Determine the threshold point by slowly decreasing the voltage. Check indicators and outputs.
Since the tripping polygon is made up of straight lines (Figure 3-3), different formulas must be
used for the threshold voltages dependent upon the intersection of these lines. The general
formulas are:
For the reactance intersections (X-reach)
VP/V = KXXZone(IP/IN)
For the resistance intersections (R-limitation)
VP/V = KRRZone(IP/IN)
where IP - test current

IN - rated relay current
VP - test voltage at threshold
XZone - setting value X of the distance zone to be checked
RZone - setting value R or RE of the distance zone to be checked
KX - factor for X intersection according to Table 3-18
KR - factor for R intersection according to Table 3-18
3-22 July 27, 1995

3.10.1 Independent Zones Z1, Z2, and Z3

For phase-to-ground testing, the test current is applied to one phase and to the ground current
path. For testing phase-to-phase, the test current must flow through the tested phases in opposite
directions. To avoid errors, ensure that the two phase voltages are symmetrical. For the factory
set values and IP/IN = 2, the resultant voltages will be as described in Table 3-19.
Table 3-19. Test Voltages VP for Zones Z3, Z2, and Z1 at IP = 2 x IN and Factory Presettings.
Zone Test Type f P = 0° fP = 90°
Z3 3-phase VP = 10 V VP = 20 V
2-phase VP = 20 V VP = 40 V
Z2 3-phase VP = 5 V VP = 10 V
Z1 3-phase VP = 2.5 V VP = 5 V
3.10.2 Overreach Zones Z1B and Z1L

To test overreach zone Z1B, function >Extens. Z1B (FNo 065) must be assigned to a binary
input. See Chapter 5, “Programming the Relay,” for step-by-step instruction on assigning this
function to a binary input.
Overreach zone Z1L is used only in conjunction with multi-shot auto-reclose. Therefore, this
distance zone can be checked when testing the internal auto-reclose function. This section is
applicable only to relay models 7SA511*-**A5*-**B/C/F/G*.
For the factory set values and IP/IN = 2, the resultant voltages for overreach zones Z1B and Z1L
will be as described in Table 3-20.
Table 3-20. Test Voltages VP for Overreach Zones Z1B and Z1L at IP = 2 x IN and Factory
Presettings.
Zone Test Type f P = 0° fP = 90°
Z1B 3-phase VP = 3 V VP = 6 V
Z1L 3-phase VP = 4 V VP = 8 V
Table 3-18 gives the factors KX and KR for your own settings, for test angles fP = 0° and 90°, and
the generally applicable formulas.
July 27, 1995 3-23

3.10.3 Coordination Times

For each time element at least one additional dynamic test should be made to check the correct
signaling. In this case, a short circuit approximately in the middle of the two time zones would be
simulated.
When measuring the response times, remember that the inherent measurement and trip time of the
relay is additive to the programmed delay time.
3.11 Testing the Power Swing Blocking Function (Optional)

This test checks the power swing/block function and is applicable for relay models 7SA511*-
**A5*-***1/3. Skip this section if your relay configuration does not have the power swing/block
function.
Testing of power swing detection requires both three-phase current and three-phase voltage input.
Test Procedure
Table 3-21. Power Swing Test Connections

- IL2 2A1 2A2
- IL3 1A1 1A2
3-phase voltage source - VL1 3B1 2B3
- VL2 3B2 2B3
- VL3 3B3 2B3
Note: The frequency of the test current must be the same as the relay’s rated frequency (fN), as
2. Set the input current and voltage to zero.

4. Using the programming procedures described in “Programming the Relay,” set parameters as
indicated in Table 3-22.
Table 3-22. Power Swing Test Settings

Addr. LCD Text
7813 POWER SWING EXIST
2002 P/S PROGR. OUT-OF-STEP TRIP
5. Increase the input current (equally for all three phases) until it reaches 2IN. Increase the input
voltage (equally for all three phases) until it reaches VN SECONDARY. The phase angle between
3-24 July 27, 1995

the voltage and current should be approximately 0°. Wait at least 1 second after completing
input adjustments to ensure that all time delays have expired. Press the Target Reset key.
6. Decrease the input voltage (equally for all three phases) to zero. Wait at least 1 second after
completing input adjustments to ensure that all time delays have expired before examining the
results. Verify that Trip Relays 3, 4, and 5 (O/S Trip) are all closed.
3.12 Signal Transmission Test

When using a pilot protection feature, transmit and receive circuits can be checked. You will need
to simulate a short circuit in the zone applicable to your relay’s pilot protection configuration.
Table 3-23 describes the pilot protection configuration options and identifies which test to
perform for your relay configuration.
Table 3-23. Options Available for Pilot Protection
Addr. Setting Option Description Test
7804 NON EXIST Pilot protection is not available. N/A
2101 ON The Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT) mode is Section 3.12.1
active.
2201 ON The Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip (POTT) mode is Section 3.12.2
active.
Prerequisite Setting (applicable only to relay models 7SA511*-**A5*-**B/C/F/G*)

3401 AR FUNCT Turn the automatic reclose function on or off OFF
3.12.1 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT)

Before beginning this test, you must check the setting at address 2102 to determine the zone in
which you will simulate a short circuit (Z1 or Z1B). Table 3-24 identifies, based on the setting at
address 2102, in which zone you will need to simulate a short circuit. The binary input with
function >Dis.Recept (FNo 082) assigned (factory preset is Binary Input 5) must be activated
after the fault is simulated. Timing of the receive signal relative to the fault will affect test results
as indicated in Table 3-24.
Once initiated, the transmission signal should be at least as long as the setting at address 2103 (T-
SEND-PRL).
July 27, 1995 3-25

Table 3-24. Testing Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT).

Setting at PUTT Mode Action (Zone) Expected Result
Address 2102
Z1B Permissive Under- Simulate a short circuit Trips after T1B delay when the release
ACCELERATION reach Transfer Trip in zone Z1B, but beyond signal is received or, without received
in Zone Z1B zone Z1. signal, after T1 delay
FD Permissive Under- Simulate a short circuit Trips immediately when the release
ACCELERATION reach Transfer Trip in zone Z1. signal is received or, without received
by Fault Detection signal, after T1 delay
3.12.2 Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip (POTT)

Before beginning this test, you must check the setting at address 2202 to determine the
requirements for the test. Table 3-25 identifies, based on the setting at address 2202, the action
required to check the transmission signal.
Table 3-25. Testing the POTT Transmission Signal.

Setting at Address 2202 POTT Mode Action Expected Result
· Z1B RELEASE or Release modes in zone Simulate a short circuit Transmitting relay
· Z1B UNBLOCK Z1B. in zone Z1B. closes its transmit
contact (factory preset is
Relay 1).
· FD DIREC RELEASE or Directional comparison Simulate a short circuit Transmitting relay
· FD UNBLOCK release fault detection, or in the forward Fault closes its transmit
unblocking mode with Detection zone contact (factory preset is
directional fault Relay 1).
detection.
· Z1B BLOCKING or Blocking mode with Simulate a short circuit Transmitting relay
· PILOT WIRE COMP zone Z1B, or in the reverse direction. closes its transmit
comparison via pilot contact (factory preset is
wires with zone Z1B. Relay 1).
To check the receiver, a short circuit is simulated as indicated in Table 3-26. The binary input
with function >Dis.Recept. (FNo 082) assigned (factory preset is Binary Input 5) must be
activated simultaneously with simulation of the fault.
3-26 July 27, 1995

Table 3-26. Testing the POTT Receive Signal.

Setting at Address 2202 POTT Mode Action Expected Result
· Z1B RELEASE or Release modes in zone Simulate a short circuit Trips after T1B delay.
· Z1B UNBLOCK Z1B. in zone Z1B but beyond
zone Z1.
· FD DIREC RELEASE or Directional comparison Simulate a short circuit Trips immediately.
· FD UNBLOCK release fault detection, or in the forward Fault
unblocking mode with Detection zone, but
directional fault beyond zone Z1B.
detection.
· Z1B BLOCKING or Blocking mode with Simulate a short circuit Trips after T2 or higher
· PILOT WIRE COMP or zone Z1B, or within zone Z1B but time delay.
· REVERS INTERLOCK comparison via pilot beyond Z1.
wires with zone Z1B, or
reverse interlocking..
3.13 Emergency Overcurrent Protection Test

Emergency overcurrent protection functions as a backup for distance protection in the event of a
loss of the measured voltage inputs.
The overcurrent protection function provides a high-set element and a definite time element. Each
element will be tested separately. In the remaining sections, the required setup for testing each
element is provided and then followed by a common test procedure.
In the common test procedure, a single phase test current is connected sequentially to each of the
four current inputs. The test current is increased until the protection picks up and is then
maintained until the trip time delay expires. The pickup current value and the time delay are then
verified against the programmed settings.
July 27, 1995 3-27

3.13.1 Initial Setup

Table 3-27. Emergency Overcurrent Test Connections

Timer start* - Signal relay 7 3D2 2D2
- Signal relay 8 3D3 2D3
- Signal relay 9 3D4 2D4
- Signal relay 10 3C1 2C1
Timer stop - Signal relay 6 3C2 3C4
Note: The frequency of the test current must be the same as the relay’s rated frequency, fN, as
*
Signal relays 7-10 should be wired in parallel to the timer start input so that closing of any
one of the four relays will start the timer.
2. Set the input current to zero.

4. Using the programming procedures described in “Programming the Relay,” ensure that the
settings for Signal Relays 6 - 10, and LEDs 10-13 match the factory presets indicated in Table
5-30. In addition, ensure that the settings for address block 2600 (emergency overcurrent
protection - Table 5-21) match the factory presets.
5. Set parameters as indicated in Table 3-28.
Table 3-28. Emergency Overcurrent Protection Test Settings

Addr. LCD Text
7801 DIST. PROT. NON-EXIST
7803 EMERG. O/C EXIST
6. Go to the heading that identifies the particular overcurrent element that you wish to test:
· High-set 3.13.2
· Definite time 3.13.3
3.13.2 High-Set Overcurrent

This test checks the operation of the high-set overcurrent protection element.
1. Using programming procedures described in “Programming the Relay” set parameters as

indicated in Table 3-29. All other relay settings should be factory presets.
3-28 July 27, 1995

Table 3-29. High-Set Overcurrent Test Settings

Addr. LCD Text
2603 I> phases 4.00 I/IN
2608 IE> 4.00 I/IN
4. Execute the common test procedure in section 3.13.4.
3.13.3 Definite Time Overcurrent Protection

This test checks the operation of the definite time overcurrent protection element.
1. Using programming procedures described in “Programming the Relay” set parameters as

indicated in Table 3-30. All other relay settings should be factory presets.
Table 3-30. Definite Time Overcurrent Test Settings

Addr. LCD Text
2605 I>> phases 9.99 I/IN
4. Execute the common test procedure in section 3.13.4.
3.13.4 Overcurrent Test Procedure

1. Press the Target Reset key and reset the timer. Increase the input current until the LED
indicated in Table 3-31 lights. Maintain this current for at least one second to ensure that all
time delays expire.
CAUTION
Excessive test currents.
Test currents larger than 4IN may
damage the relay if applied
continuously.

overload ratings.
2. Verify that the pickup current value and the trip delay (timer value) match the values shown in
Table 3-31 for this set of input current connections. Refer only to the set of four values for the
specific overcurrent element that you are testing (e.g. definite time)
3. Reduce the input current until the LED turns off. Verify that the input current level at which
the LED turns off is 95% of the value at which it turned on. Reduce the input current to zero.
4. Move the current source to the next pair of terminals indicated in Table 3-31. Repeat steps 1
through 4 until all four of the current input connections shown in the table have been tested.
5 Reduce the input current to zero and power off the relay. If you wish to test another
overcurrent element, return to section 3.13.1.
July 27, 1995 3-29

Table 3-31. Overcurrent Test

Current Input Connections Pickup Current Trip Delay LED
High-Set
3A1 - 3A2 2.00IN ± 5% 0.30 s ± 10 ms 2
2A1 - 2A2 2.00IN ± 5% 0.30 s ± 10 ms 3
1A1 - 1A2 2.00IN ± 5% 0.30 s ± 10 ms 4
Definite Time
3A1 - 3A2 1.00IN ± 5% 1.50 s ± 15 ms 2
2A1 - 2A2 1.00IN ± 5% 1.50 s ± 15 ms 3
1A1 - 1A2 1.00IN ± 5% 1.50 s ± 15 ms 4
1D1 - 1D2 0.20IN ± 5% 0.30 s ± 15 ms 5
3.14 Isolated Ground Fault Detection Test (Optional)

Testing of the ground fault detection function for isolated or compensated systems is difficult with
conventional test equipment. since the fault simulation requires a complete and accurate
displacement of the voltage triangle. Testing of this function is best done during commissioning
when the measurement transformers and connections are verified with primary load currents.
3.15 High-Resistance Ground Fault Protection Tests (Optional)

The tests in this section check the high-resistance ground fault protection element and are only
applicable for relay models 7SA511*-**A5*-***2/3. Skip this section if you have a different relay
configuration.
In “Scope of Functions” address 7808, this protective function is programmed as directional

definite time protection or as nondirectional inverse time protection. Check the setting at address
7808 and continue with the test that is applicable to your relay settings.
· For directional definite time protection, with or without directional comparison,

continue with section 3.15.1.
· For nondirectional inverse time protection, continue with section 3.15.2.
Prerequisite Setting:
1201 DIST. PROT. Turn the distance protection function on OFF
or off
3.15.1 Testing the Directional, Definite Time Ground Fault Protection

This test procedure is applicable to directional, definite time protection, with or without
directional comparison. However, for directional comparison, the required relay presettings are
different. Table 3-32 describes the required settings for this test that you will need to verify in
your relay.
3-30 July 27, 1995

Table 3-32. Prerequisite Settings for the Directional Definite Time Test.
Without Directional Comparison
Addr. LCD Text (1st line) Description Setting
7808 EARTH FAULT Type of high-resistance ground fault DIRECTIONAL D.T.
protection
3101 E/F D.T. Turn the directional, definite time ON
ground fault protection on or off
With Directional Comparison
Addr. LCD Text (1st line) Description Setting
7808 EARTH FAULT Type of high-resistance ground fault DIREC. COMPARISON
protection
3201 E/F COMPAR Turn the directional, definite time ON
ground fault protection function with
directional comparison on or off
To perform this test, you will need to assign logical functions to the I/O unit as indicated in Table
3-33. This is necessary since these functions are not preset to any I/O at the factory.
Table 3-33. Required Input/Output Unit Assignments.

FNo LCD Text Description Input/Output Units
772 E/F T-> expir Ground fault protection, directional trip Signal Relay or LED
delay expired
773 E/F T<> expir Ground fault protection, nondirectional Signal Relay or LED
back up trip delay expired
090 >E/F Recept Ground fault protection carrier Binary Input
reception signal
Test Procedure
1. For directional, definite time ground fault protection, the nondirectional backup element is
checked first by slowly increasing the ground current.
Note: For parallel line compensation (relay model 7SA511*-**A5*-2***), increase one
phase current for this test. In this case, address 1111 must be set to “PARALLEL
LINE.”
2. After exceeding 75% of the pickup value setting at address 3103 (IE>), check the event log
under address block 5200 for the message E/F Fault I> (FNo 761), which should appear in
the target log.
3. When the pickup value at address 3103 is exceeded, the message E/F Fault I>> (FNo 762)
should appear in the target log.
4. When the trip delay for the nondirectional backup element (address 3108) has expired, the I/O
unit (LED or signal relay) assigned to, E/F T<> expir (FNo 773), should activate.
Additionally, the E/F Trip -> (FNo 781) message should appear in the event log,.
5. To test the directional element, a residual voltage is necessary. If address 1109 is set as VT
DELTA is “CONNECTED,” the voltage from the residual voltage winding is applied to the
measured value input or, a single-phase voltage will be applied to the phase into which the
current is fed.
July 27, 1995 3-31

Note: The current and voltage applied in the same phase must be in phase opposition so that
the relay trips in the “forwards” direction (function E/F T-> expir, FNo 772).
6. If directional comparison is turned on, the transmission circuit can be checked. Verify that the
function E/F Send (FNo 791) message appears in the target log.
7. To check the receiver circuit, a single-phase fault in the forwards direction is simulated,
simultaneously when the external input of binary input signal >E/F Recept (FNo 090) is
applied. When directional comparison is active, the relay will not trip if the comparison signal
is not received.
3.15.2 Testing the Nondirectional Inverse Time Ground Fault Protection

For nondirectional ground fault protection, one working point on the inverse time characteristic
(see Figure D-1 in “Specifications”) is checked, normally at 2 times the set pickup value IE>
(address 3303).
Prerequisite Settings:
7808 EARTH FAULT Type of high-resistance ground fault INVERSE TIME
detection
3301 E/F I.T. Turn the nondirectional, inverse time ON
To perform this test, you will also need to configure, E/F Fault I>> (FNo 762), to a signal relay
or LED. This function indicates that the ground fault protection element has picked up.
Test Procedure
1. Slowly increase the ground current. Pickup indication E/F Fault I>> (FNo 762) should occur
at approximately 1.1 times the pickup value set at address 3303.
2. When the trip delay determined by the setting at address 3304 has expired, the message E/F
Trip <-> (FNo 782) should appear in the target log. This function is factory also preassigned
to Trip Relays 3, 4, and 5.
3.16 Testing the Automatic Reclose (AR) Function (Optional)

This test checks the internal auto-reclose function for relay models 7SA511*-**A5*-**B/C/F/G.
Depending on the relay configuration, the internal auto-reclose function can be single-pole, three-
pole, or single/three-pole (address 3412).
3-32 July 27, 1995

7810 AUTO RECL. Indicate whether or not the automatic EXIST
reclose function exists
3401 AR FUNCT Turn the auto-reclose function on or off ON
The settings listed below are required to properly check control of the overreach zone
2101 PUTT MODE Turn the permissive underreach transfer OFF
trip mode on or off
2201 POTT MODE Turn the permissive overreach transfer OFF
trip mode on or off
7904 AR w/o TELE Indicate whether or the auto-reclose YES
function works with or without the pilot
protection schemes (POTT and PUTT)
The logical function >CB ready (FNo 074) must be assigned to a binary input with a simulated
input signal applied at the appropriate time in the test cycle.
Depending on which AR program is selected at address 3412 (three-pole, single-pole, or

single/three-pole), a single-phase and/or two-phase short circuit should be simulated once within
zone Z1, and once beyond Z1 but within Z1B. In each case, both successful and unsuccessful AR
cycles should be tested. Check the proper reaction of the relay according to the set AR program.
For multi-shot AR, zone Z1L is decisive from the second shot (DAR) on.
Note that each new test can begin only after the reclaim time for the previous test has expired;
otherwise an automatic reclose cannot result. LED 6 with AR not ready (FNo 806) assigned (a
factory preset) must illuminate.
If the circuit breaker is not ready, a reclose attempt must not result; clearance of short circuits
beyond Z1 is delayed by time element T2 or in a later element. However, a normal AR cycle must
occur when the circuit-breaker-ready signal first disappears after the inception of the fault.
3.17 End of Acceptance Testing

Once these tests are completed and you are satisfied with the relay’s performance and the test
results, check any settings that were changed for test purposes and return all settings to your
settings. Refer to the various instructions in this chapter or to Chapter 5 for detailed information
on relay presettings and programming procedures.
July 27, 1995 3-33

This page intenionally blank
3-34 July 27, 1995

Installation
Table of Contents
4. Installation .......................................................................................................................... 4-3

4.1 Receiving and Handling the Relay.......................................................................... 4-3
4.2 Storing the Relay................................................................................................... 4-4
4.3 Preparing the Relay for Installation ........................................................................ 4-4
4.3.1 Removing the Relay’s Front Cover.......................................................... 4-5
4.3.2 Removing/Installing Relay Modules......................................................... 4-5
4.4 Printed Circuit Board Locations............................................................................. 4-7
4.5 Changing the Binary Input Voltage Range ............................................................. 4-7
4.6 Installing the Backup Battery................................................................................. 4-8
4.7 Mounting the Relay ............................................................................................... 4-11
4.8 Connecting the Relay to Your System.................................................................... 4-12
4.8.1 General Connection Drawings................................................................. 4-12
4.8.2 Current Transformer (CT) and Voltage Transformer (VT)
Connection Diagrams....................................................................................... 4-18
4.8.3 Pilot Wire Connection Diagrams ............................................................. 4-21
List of Figures
Figure 4-1. Exploded View of the 7SA511 Relay's Components..............................................4-3

Figure 4-2. Removing the Relay's Front Cover. .......................................................................4-5
Figure 4-3. Removing the Relay Modules From the Housing...................................................4-6
Figure 4-4. Changing the Binary Input Threshold Voltage.......................................................4-8
Figure 4-5. Backup Battery Preparation ..................................................................................4-9
Figure 4-6. Backup Battery Installation ................................................................................. 4-10
Figure 4-7. Flush Mounting Diagram. (Dimensions are in inches.) .........................................4-11
Figure 4-8. Flush Mount Connection Diagram....................................................................... 4-13
Figure 4-9. Rear Serial Interface Connections (Flush Mount Configuration)..........................4-14
Figure 4-10. Terminal Block Detail on Rear Panel - Ring Lugs.............................................. 4-15
Figure 4-11. Terminal Block Detail on Rear Panel - Wire Compression................................. 4-16
Figure 4-12. Terminal Function Assignment on Rear Panel.................................................... 4-17
Figure 4-13. CT Circuits ....................................................................................................... 4-19
Figure 4-14. VT Circuits ....................................................................................................... 4-20
Figure 4-15. Pilot Wire Connections for Overreaching Zone Comparison with 7PA5210....... 4-22
Figure 4-16. Pilot Wire Connections for Overreaching Zone Comparison with 7SW90.......... 4-23
July 27, 1995 4-1

7SA511 Line Protection Relay Installation
4-2 July 27, 1995

4. Installation
To install the 7SA511 relay, you must be familiar with all applicable safety regulations from ANSI,
IEC, NEC, and other pertinent standards. You should also have the following illustrations:
· Mounting diagram from section 4.7

· Relay connection diagrams from section 4.8.1
· CT and VT connection diagrams from section 4.8.2
· Pilot wire connection diagrams from section 4.8.3
The 7SA511 relay is completely tested and preprogrammed at the factory prior to shipment. No
special calibration, or maintenance is required.
4.1 Receiving and Handling the Relay

The relay is packed to protect against mechanical shock. Carefully remove the relay from the
package and visually check it for external damage. If the relay is physically damaged, return it
to the manufacturer immediately, and include a short damage report. Figure 4-1 shows an
exploded view of the 7SA511 relay’s components.
Note: There is also a plastic bag attached to the side of the module housing. This bag contains
the backup battery for the relay (see section 4.3).
Keep the original packing material. Should you need to transport the relay again, use the original
packaging to avoid damaging the relay.
Power 7
Blocked 8
7SA511
Numerical Line Distance Protection 1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
On
6 14
Pass Direct
Off word Add r 7 8 9
Target Target
Reset Reset
Event 4 5 6
1 2 3
0 +-
F
Back
Space ∞ Enter Data Port
Yes No
Module Housing Relay Module Front Cover
Figure 4-1. Exploded View of the 7SA511 Relay's Components
July 27, 1995 4-3

4.2 Storing the Relay

Store the relay in a dry, clean room. The temperature range for storage is -13°F to +131°F (-25°C
to +55°C). Refer to the technical specifications in Reference D of this manual for additional
storage information.
If the relay is de-energized and stored for an extended time period, proper voltage should be
applied to the power input for one or two days prior to placing the relay into service again.
4.3 Preparing the Relay for Installation

A battery is supplied separately in the plastic bag attached to the 7SA511 relay at delivery. This
battery is required for the internal clock and calendar to maintain the correct date and time should
a power supply failure occur. The battery is also used to maintain the memory containing stored
fault data. This battery should be installed in the relay just prior to putting the relay in service.
You must remove the from cover from the relay and remove the relay’s basic module from the
housing to install the battery. The following sections provide detail steps for performing these
procedures.
CAUTION
Electrostatic Discharge
Possible equipment damage.
The relay module contains CMOS circuits. The
module must never be withdrawn from or
inserted into the housing with power connected.
Electrostatic discharges into or around the
uninstalled relay or any of its components must
be avoided.
The use of grounding straps or touching a

grounded metal surface before handling the
uninstalled relay is essential.
4-4 July 27, 1995

4.3.1 Removing the Relay’s Front Cover

Figure 4-2 illustrates how to remove the relay’s front cover. Once the cover is removed, continue
with section 4.3.2, “Removing/Installing Relay Module.”
Step1. Flip down door
Step 2. Loosen screws
Front Cover
Step 3. Remove cover
Figure 4-2. Removing the Relay's Front Cover.
4.3.2 Removing/Installing Relay Modules

The relay basic module must be removed from its housing to insert the battery as described in
section 4.6. Removal of relay modules is also required to perform some of the maintenance
procedures described in Chapter 8 of this manual. See Figure 4-3 and the following instructions
for the proper removal and replacement procedure.
July 27, 1995 4-5

GEA Power Supply (SV) CPU

Board Board Board
A B C D
ZEA
Board
View From Top
Releasing Lever
Basic module Additional I/O Module
Figure 4-3. Removing the Relay Modules From the Housing.
Removing the basic module:

· Loosen the module by pulling the top and bottom releasing levers to the left.
· Grasp the module by the edges of the front panel and pull it out of the housing.
· Place the module on a conductive surface.
· Take all necessary precautions to avoid electrostatic discharges into or around the
module.
Removing the additional I/O module:

· Remove the basic module using the procedure described above.
· Grasp the additional I/O module behind the rear edges of the printed circuit boards
on the left side of the module and pull it out of the housing.
Inserting the additional I/O module:

· Ensure that the printed circuit board edges are properly positioned to enter the
guide slots.
· Push the module into the housing as far as it will go.
· Ensure that the internal connector is properly engaged.
4-6 July 27, 1995

Inserting the basic module:

· Position the top and bottom releasing levers fully to the left.
· Ensure that the printed circuit board edges are properly positioned to enter the
guide slots.
· Push the module into the housing as far as it will go.
· Push the top and bottom releasing levers fully to the right. This will pull the
module into the housing and properly engage the internal connectors.
· Ensure that the module is fully inserted. One indication that modules are not fully
inserted occurs when current is applied and the measured values in the LCD
display are not as expected.
4.4 Printed Circuit Board Locations

The 7SA511 basic module contains three printed circuit boards:
1. Power supply board identified as the SV board

2. System board containing the microprocessor (CPU), front port, and display I/O
3. GEA board containing current inputs, binary inputs, and output relays
The 7SA511 additional I/O module contains the ZEA board. This board has additional binary
inputs, output relays, and LEDs,.
The location of each board is shown in Figure 4-3. Please refer to this illustration when you are
required to locate components for any of the installation or maintenance procedures.
4.5 Changing the Binary Input Voltage Range

When delivered from the factory, the binary inputs will accept an input voltage of 11 VDC to 288
VDC as the active level. If it is anticipated that the active level will be 110 VDC or higher, it may
be advisable to increase the active threshold to provide greater resistance to transient voltages.
Following the procedure described below will increase the threshold to approximately 65 VDC.
Increasing the binary input threshold voltage may be accomplished by removing solder bridges on
printed circuit boards inside the module. The location of the solder bridges on the printed circuit
boards is shown in Figure 4-4. Use the following procedure to remove a solder bridge.
· Remove the basic module and the additional I/O module from the housing as described in
section 4.3.2.
· Locate the desired solder bridge(s) as shown in Figure 4-4. The GEA board containing
binary inputs 1 through 4 is in the basic module. The ZEA board containing binary inputs
5 through 10 is in the additional I/O module.
· Carefully cut and bend the solder bridge(s) aside..
· Reinstall the module(s) in the housing as described in section 4.3.2
July 27, 1995 4-7

Binary Solder Solder Bridge

Input Bridge Printed Circuit Board GEA
X21 X22 X23
1 X21 X24
2 X22
3 X23
4 X24
Solder Bridge Printed Circuit Board ZEA
X7 X8 X9 X10 X11 X12
Binary Solder
Input Bridge
5 X7
6 X8
7 X9
8 X10
9 X11
10 X12
Figure 4-4. Changing the Binary Input Threshold Voltage
4.6 Installing the Backup Battery

In the 7SA511, a backup battery is required to provide power to the clock circuit when input
power to the relay is interrupted. This battery also provides backup power to the memory in
which the LED memory, event log, and target log are stored. The battery is supplied with the
relay, but is not installed at the factory to prevent discharging prior to putting the relay into
service.
IMPORTANT: The following procedure is applicable only to the initial installation of

the battery in a relay that is not connected to system power. When replacing an installed
battery, refer to the “Maintenance” section for the correct procedure.
4-8 July 27, 1995

Battery Installation Procedure

· When preparing the battery for installation, guard against t short-circuiting the battery
leads. Referring to Figure 4-5, prepare the battery as follows:
- Cut both battery leads to a length of 0.6 inches (15 millimeters).
- Bead both leads at a right angle to the battery axis so that the ends of the leads
are 1.6 inches (40 millimeters) apart.
· Remove the basic module from the housing as described in section 4.3.2. The battery
and the option jumper are located at the rear edge of the CPU board in the basic
module (see Figure 4-6).
· Insure that the X50-X51 jumper (located near the battery position as shown in Figure
4-6) is in the X51 position.
· Observing correct polarity, insert the leads of the prepared battery into the terminals
as shown in Figure 4-6 and tighten the retaining screws.
· Reinstall the basic module in the housing as described in section 4.3.2.
0.6 in 0.6 in
+
1.6 in
Figure 4-5. Backup Battery Preparation
July 27, 1995 4-9

Minifuse for
the power supply
Battery location
when installed-
see View A
View A
View A Jumper X50
Jumper X51
Figure 4-6. Backup Battery Installation
4-10 July 27, 1995

4.7 Mounting the Relay

Figure 4-7 shows the mounting dimensions for the 7SA511 relay, in the flush mount
configuration.
1.16 6.77 D
8.7 ± 0.1 D:
0.2 Diameter Screw terminal - 1.75
Wire comp. term. - 1.18
9.65 ± 0.04 10.07± 0.01 9.61

10.47
0.29
0.21 Reset and
0.52 7.09 ± 0.02 paging buttons Mounting plate
8.13 ± 0.01 0.06
Switchboard cutout 0.25 Diameter
Front View Side View
View A
Washer Cable
Terminal
Screw
Braided
cable
Ground screw M5
See expanded view A The relay must be properly grounded
according to IEC 255-22. A braided
cable must be used to carry high
Rear View frequency currents. Do not attempt
to use stranded wire.
Figure 4-7. Flush Mounting Diagram. (Dimensions are in inches.)
July 27, 1995 4-11

4.8 Connecting the Relay to Your System

You must reference several diagrams in this section to completely and accurately wire your relay.
The connection diagrams are divided into three sections:
4.8.1, “General Connection Drawings”

4.8.2, “Current Transformer (CT) and Voltage Transformer (VT) Connection Diagrams”
4.8.3, “Pilot Wire Connection Diagrams”
4.8.1 General Connection Drawings

The connection diagrams included in this section are listed below.
Figure 4-8. Flush Mount Connection Diagram.

Figure 4-9. Rear Serial Interface Connections (Flush Mount Configuration).
Figure 4-10. Terminal Block Detail on Rear Panel - Ring Lugs
Figure 4-11. Terminal Block Detail on Rear Panel - Wire Compression
Figure 4-12. Terminal Function Assignment on Rear Panel.
4-12 July 27, 1995

(1) Option dependent

sensitivity of IE input
- Normal sensitivity or
- High sensitivity for
ground fault detection
in ungrounded systems
VL1
Line-Neutral VL2
Factory Presets:
Voltage Inputs 1 - Reclose
VL3
2 - General fault detection
VN 3 - Trip command L1
4 - Trip command L2
VL1 5 - Trip command L3
Line-Line
Voltage Inputs VL2
VL3
Neutral
VE Note: All relays
Voltage Inputs
shown in de-
energized position
Factory Presets:
Factory Presets: 1 - Dist. Send
1 - >Reset LED 2 - AR inoperative
2 - >VT mcb Trip 3 - CB Alarm Suppressed
3 - >CB Aux.cont 4 - Measured value supervision
4 - >Manual Close 5 - Relay Failure
5 - >Dist. Recept 6 - Device Trip
6 - >Dist.RecFail 7 - Fault detection L1
7 - >CB ready 8 - Fault detection L2
8 - >AR block 9 - Fault detection L3
9 - >AR on 10 - Fault detection E
10- >AR off 11 - Reverse direction
Figure 4-8. Flush Mount Connection Diagram.

(See Figure 4-9 for communications connections.)
July 27, 1995 4-13

Wire Port
(3-wire, reduced RS-232-C Subset)
RX 4A1 Communication 4A3 TX

Board
GND 4A2 SV 4A4 GND
7SA511*-*CA5*-*B**
Fiber Optic Port

4A
4A1 4A3
Communication
F-SMA Board F-SMA
RX 4A2 SV 4A4 TX
7SA511*-*CA5*-*C**
Figure 4-9. Rear Serial Interface Connections (Flush Mount Configuration).
4-14 July 27, 1995

8
7
6
5
D C B A
4
3
2
1
Voltage, Signal & Trip Terminal Blocks Current Terminal Block

2 4 2 4
1 3 1 3
#8 Ring lugs #10 Ring lugs
Terminal number example:

4C1
Terminal in the block

Vertical column
Horizontal row
Figure 4-10. Terminal Block Detail on Rear Panel - Ring Lugs
July 27, 1995 4-15

8
7
6
5
D C B A
4
3
2
1
Voltage, Signal & Tripping Current Terminal Block

Terminal Block
R-2351 R-2353
1 3
Screw for wire

compression 1 2 0.5"
1 termination
Note: Strip insulation 0.5 inch for wire

2 4 1 compression termination
1) Wire compression 1) Wire compression
termination (0.1" Ø max) termination (0.16" Ø max)
2 2) Snap-in terminal 2 2) Snap-in terminal
Terminal number example:

4D4
Terminal in the block

Vertical column
Horizontal row
Figure 4-11. Terminal Block Detail on Rear Panel - Wire Compression
4-16 July 27, 1995

D C B A
Binary Binary Binary Binary
Input 5 Input 6 Input 1 Input 2
8
Signal Relay 1
Signal Relay 2
Signal Relay 3
Signal Relay 4
Binary Binary Binary Binary
Input 7 Input 8 Input 3 Input 4 7
Binary Binary
Input 9 Input 10
Signal Relay 5
6
Trip Relay 5 Trip Relay 1 Trip Relay 2
5
Communications
Trip Relay 3 Trip Relay 4 DC power input
port 4
Line-Neutral
Signal Relay 10
Signal Relay 11
Signal
Signal Relay 7
Signal Relay 9
Signal Relay 8
Relay 6
voltage (phases
1, 2, and 3)
Phase 1 current
3
Line-Line Line-Neutral
voltage voltage (neutral) Phase 2 current
2
Displacement
Neutral current voltage Not Used Phase 3 current
1
Figure 4-12. Terminal Function Assignment on Rear Panel.
July 27, 1995 4-17

4.8.2 Current Transformer (CT) and Voltage Transformer (VT) Connection Diagrams
The CT and VT connection diagrams included in this section are listed below.
Figure 4-13. CT Circuits

Figure 4-14. VT Circuits
4-18 July 27, 1995

Bus Bus
7SA511 7SA511
L1 L2 L3 IL1 3A1
L1 L2 L3 IL1 3A1
3A2 3A2
IL2 2A1
IL2 2A1
2A2 2A2
IL3 1A1
IL3 1A1
1A2 1A2
IE 1D1
1D2
IE 1D1
1D2
Line Line
3 phase CTs with residual connection 3 phase CTs with summation transformer
for ground faults for ground faults
Bus Bus
7SA511 7SA511
L1 L2 L3 IL1 3A1
L1 L2 L3 IL1 3A1
3A2 3A2
IL2 2A1
IL2 2A1
2A2 2A2
IL3 1A1
IL3 1A1
1A2 1A2
IE 1D1
Line
IE 1D1 1D2
IE from
parallel line 1D2
Line
3 phase CTs with parallel line ground current 2 phase CTs with summation transformer
for ground faults in ungrounded systems
Figure 4-13. CT Circuits
July 27, 1995 4-19

Bus
L1 L2 L3 7SA511
CB CB CB
VL1 3B1
VL2 3B2
VL3 3B3
2B3
n e VE 1C1
1C2
Line
Power
Forward 3 V.T. connection with broken-delta for optimum
Flow directional determination
L1
L2
Bus
L3
N
L1 L2 L3
7SA511
CB CB CB
1C1
VE
1C2
VL1 3B1
VL2
3B2
VL3 3B3
Line
Power
Forward 2 V.T. connection with broken-delta
Flow
voltage from bus
Figure 4-14. VT Circuits
4-20 July 27, 1995

4.8.3 Pilot Wire Connection Diagrams

The pilot wire connection diagrams included in this section are listed below.
· Figure 4-15. Pilot Wire Connections for Overreaching Zone Comparison with
7PA5210.
· Figure 4-16. Pilot Wire Connections for Overreaching Zone Comparison with
7SW90.
July 27, 1995 4-21

Station A Station B
4-22
+V1 +V1
-V1 -V1
+V2 +V2
7SA51 7PA5210-XX 7PA5210-XX 7SA51
Transmit K1 K1 Transmit
a c c a
R4 R1 R1 R4
7 3 3 7
Transmission
2 Annunciation 2
7SA511 Line Protection Relay
1 1
5 6 6 5
8 4 4 8
18 Pilot Wire 18
Trip K2 K2 Trip
b d Connection d b
19 R2 R2
19
Receive 17 R5 R5 Receive
17
BI 12 13 13 12 BI
11 11
16 16 16 16
14 Reception 14
Annunciation
-V1 -V1
Power Line
Dropping resistances for pilot wire loop:

+V1
K2 Rx K2 Order Code
B 7PA5210- X X
-V1 Rx
575Ω 575Ω
470Ω 470Ω
470Ω 470Ω
Relay - K1 2 24, 48 - 60 VDC
+V1
K2 Rx K2
Relay - K1 3 48, 110 - 125 VDC
C Relay - K1 4 60, 220 - 250 VDC
-V1 Rx
1k 1k
1k 1k Relay - K2 B 12, 24, 30 VDC
1k 1k
Relay - K2 C 48, 55, 62.5 VDC
+V1 Relay - K2 D 60, 90, 110 - 125 VDC
K2
Figure 4-15. Pilot Wire Connections for Overreaching Zone Comparison with 7PA5210.
Rx K2
D
-V1 Rx
6.4k 6.4k
4.7k 4.7k
4.7k 4.7k
Installation
July 27, 1995

Station A Station B
+V1 +V1
-V1 -V1
+V2
July 27, 1995

7SA51 7PA5210-XX 7SW90 Line Protection
B Pickup
1 2
Transmit K1
a c t2
7 R4 R1 7
2 3 Transmission 9 Trip
7SA511 Line Protection Relay
Annunciation 10
1
5 6
Trip 4
8
18 K2 Pilot Wire A
Connection 8
b d
19 R2
Receive R5
17 C
BI 12 13 5 3
11 6 4
16 16 12
14 Reception 11 +V2
Annunciation
10s TD
-V1 Pilot Wire Failure -V1

Annunciation
Power Line
Dropping resistances for pilot wire loop:
+V1 Order Code:
K2 Rx C B 7 P A 5 2 1 0- X X
-V1 Rx
575Ω
470Ω
470Ω
Relay K1 2 24, 48 - 60 VDC
+V1
K2 C Relay K1 3 48, 110 - 125 VDC
Rx C
Relay K1 4 60, 220 - 250 VDC
-V1 Rx
1k
1k
1k Relay K2 B 12, 24, 30 VDC
Figure 4-16. Pilot Wire Connections for Overreaching Zone Comparison with 7SW90.
+V1 Relay K2 C 48, 55, 62.5 VDC
K2 Rx C D Relay K2 D 60, 90, 110 - 125 VDC
-V1 Rx
4.7k 6.4k
4-23
Chapter 4
4.7k
4-24 July 27, 1995

Programming the Relay
Table of Contents
5. Programming the Relay........................................................................................................5-3

5.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................5-3
5.2 Operator Panel ...............................................................................................................5-3
5.3 General Procedures for Programming the Relay..............................................................5-6
5.3.1 Selecting an Address................................................................................................5-8
5.3.2 Placing the Relay in Programming Mode..................................................................5-8
5.3.3 Changing a Setting...................................................................................................5-9
5.3.4 Saving New Settings.............................................................................................. 5-10
5.4 Enabling the Relay for Substation Control (Optional) ................................................... 5-10
5.5 Waveform Capture Settings.......................................................................................... 5-11
5.6 Relay Scope of Functions (7800).................................................................................. 5-14
5.7 Operating Settings........................................................................................................ 5-15
5.7.1 Operating Parameters (7000) .................................................................................5-15
5.7.2 Real-Time Clock (8100) ........................................................................................ 5-17
5.8 Parameter Changeover (Optional)................................................................................. 5-18
5.8.1 Configuring a Parameter Set.................................................................................. 5-19
5.8.2 Selecting the Active Parameter Set ........................................................................ 5-21
5.8.3 Deactivating Parameter Changeover ...................................................................... 5-22
5.9 System Settings............................................................................................................ 5-22
5.9.1 Power System Settings (1100) ...............................................................................5-22
5.9.2 Settings for Measured Value Monitoring (2900) .................................................... 5-23
5.10 Distance Protection Settings .......................................................................................5-24
5.10.1 General Settings (1200) .......................................................................................5-26
5.10.2 Independent Zones Z1, Z2, Z3 (1300).................................................................. 5-27
5.10.3 Controlled (Overreach) Zones Z1B and Z1L (1400).............................................5-28
5.10.4 Overcurrent Fault Detection Settings ................................................................... 5-29
5.10.5 Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detection ..................................................5-30
5.10.6 Polygonal Impedance Fault Detection.................................................................. 5-31
5.10.7 Determination of the Fault Loop for Grounded Systems (1700) ...........................5-32
5.10.8 Determination of the Fault Loop for Ungrounded Systems (1800) (Optional)....... 5-32
5.11 Power Swing Protection (2000) (Optional)................................................................. 5-33
5.12 Pilot Protection .......................................................................................................... 5-34
5.12.1 Permissive Underreach Transfer (2100) ............................................................... 5-34
5.12.2 Permissive Overreach Transfer (2200) ................................................................. 5-35
5.13 Emergency Overcurrent Protection (2600).................................................................. 5-36
5.14 Ground Fault Protection for Ungrounded Systems (3000) (optional) ..........................5-37
5.15 High-Resistance Ground Fault Protection for Grounded Systems (Optional)...............5-38
5.15.1 Directional Protection With Nondirectional Backup (3100)..................................5-39
5.15.2 Directional Comparison Protection With Nondirectional Backup (3200)..............5-40
5.15.3 Nondirectional, Inverse Time Overcurrent Protection (3300) ...............................5-41
July 27, 1995 5-1

7SA511 Line Protection Relay Programming the Relay
5.16 Automatic Reclose (Optional) .................................................................................... 5-42

5.16.1 Device Configuration for Automatic Reclose (7900)............................................ 5-42
5.16.2 Automatic Reclose Function Settings (3400)........................................................5-43
5.17 Fault Location Settings (3800) ...................................................................................5-44
5.18 Turning the Relay Functions On and Off..................................................................... 5-45
5.19 Configuration Settings (6000)..................................................................................... 5-46
5.19.1 Procedure for Configuring the Logical Functions................................................. 5-46
5.19.2 Presettings ...........................................................................................................5-48
5.19.3 Binary Inputs (6100)............................................................................................5-50
5.19.4 Signal Relays (6200)............................................................................................ 5-51
5.19.5 LED Indicators (6300)......................................................................................... 5-51
5.19.6 Trip Relays (6400)............................................................................................... 5-51
List of Figures
Figure 5-1. 7SA511 Relay’s Operator Panel............................................................................5-4

Figure 5-2. Description of the Keys on the 7SA511 Relay Operator Panel...............................5-7
5-2 July 27, 1995

5. Programming the Relay

5.1 Introduction
Before operating the 7SA511 relay, you must program it specifically for your system. This
chapter tells you how to:
· Use the operator panel

· Place the relay in programming mode
· Program the relay
· Save new settings
This chapter also identifies the factory presettings for the power system, protection functions, and
relay configuration settings. Setting options and range are included.
Before you begin any procedure in this chapter, either fill out the setting worksheets provided in
Reference F of this manual or get a copy of the worksheets as completed by a relay engineer. To
avoid operating problems due to incorrect parameters, the relay should be configured as soon as
possible after the installation procedures in Chapter 4 are completed.
CAUTION
Possible configuration errors.
May result in incorrect protection
settings.
Only authorized personnel should

program the relay. Do not attempt
to program the relay if you are not
certain of the information you are
changing.
5.2 Operator Panel

Before programming and operating the relay, you need to be familiar with the integral keypad and
other features of the relay’s operator panel. Figure 5-1 illustrates the features of the 7SA511
operator panel. These features, listed below, are described in the rest of this section:
· Keypad
· Display panel
· On/Off switch
· Relay nameplate
· LEDs
· Reserved area for LED labels
· Serial data port
July 27, 1995 5-3

Indicates relay Indicates relay

is in service protection is
(green) blocked
(red)
Operator
panel
Power 7
Areas reserved
for labeling
Blocked 8
the LEDs
7SA511
Numerical Line Distance Protection 1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
LCD
5 13
On
On/Off switch 6 14
Pass Direct
Off word Addr 7 8 9
Programmable
Target Target LEDs
Reset Reset
Event 4 5 6
(red)
1 2 3
0 +-
F
Back
Space
∞ Enter Data Port
Yes
RS-232C serial
No
interface
Relay
nameplate,
including
model
number
Figure 5-1. 7SA511 Relay’s Operator Panel.
Keypad
The keys on the operator panel keypad have four basic functions: data entry, navigation, control,
and confirmation. The numeric keys are used specifically for data entry or address selection. The
navigation, control, and confirmation keys are used to accept, reject, or modify configuration
option (see Figure 5-1).
5-4 July 27, 1995

Display Panel
This 32-character liquid crystal display (LCD) is made up of two lines of text, 16 characters each.
There are two modes of operation for the LCD.
· The display mode is the normal operating mode. You can read information, but you
cannot change it. The information that is displayed during normal (i.e., no-fault)
system conditions is user-selectable through the configuration process. Stored event
data can be recalled and analyzed in this mode.
· The programming mode is activated by the relay password (see section 5.3.2). Relay
configuration data is displayed in this mode. The relay stays in programming mode
until you change and save at least one setting. The normal protective functions of the
relay continue to be operational while in programming mode. New settings do not take
affect until you exit programming mode.
Note: The LCD is not capable of displaying subscript characters. As a result, lowercase
characters are used for the subscripts in the display (e.g., IPH becomes Iph and IE becomes
Ie). In this manual, specific references to the LCD text show the symbols as they appear in
the display. Otherwise, symbols with correct case and subscripts are used.
On/Off switch
This switch controls the operational state of the relay. When the switch is in the “Off” position,
the microprocessor is reset and processing stops. Secondary (DC) power output from the power
supply module is switched off, so the relay is effectively disabled or blocked in this state. This
switch should stay in the “On” position after the relay has been properly installed, programmed,
and commissioned. The relay is switched off for certain maintenance and testing procedures.
Refer to Chapter 8 for more information on the use of this switch during maintenance.
Nameplate
The nameplate identifies several things about your relay such as rated current and DC supply
voltage. The relay model number is printed at the top of the nameplate, and how to interpret the
model number is described in Chapter 1 section 1.3, “Relay Model Number.”
LEDs
The 7SA511 relay has 16 LEDs, 14 of which can be programmed (see Figure 5-1). The LEDs
that cannot be changed are as follows:
· Power - Lights up GREEN to indicate the relay is working properly. Normally, this
indicator always will be on. It will be off if the On/Off switch is in the “Off” position
or if power to the relay is interrupted. It will also be off if any of the internal failure
monitoring functions detect a device failure.
July 27, 1995 5-5

· Blocked - Lights up RED to indicate that the relay has detected an internal problem
and has blocked itself from operation. This LED also will light briefly during initial
power-up and after the input/output function assignments under address 6000 or the
scope of function parameters under address 7800 are changed and saved.
The remaining LEDs (1 through 14) will light up RED to indicate that the annunciation assigned
to this LED indicator during the configuration process has occurred. These indicators will remain
on until reset, and the relay will retain this data even if power is lost (provided the backup battery
is functional). Whether or not the indications are retained in the nonvolatile memory is a
configuration option. If the indications are not retained, they will be reset when the fault condition
is removed. If they are retained, they can be reset locally by the Target Reset key on the
operator panel, through a serial port, through a binary input, or automatically when a new fault is
detected.
Reserved Area for LED Labels

Each relay provides you space to label its LEDs based on how you program them. Labels for the
preset annunciations are provided with the relay. Refer to section 5.19.1 for instructions on
programming the relay’s LEDs.
Front Serial Data Port

This serial data port allows you to connect a personal computer (PC) directly to the relay. This
port conforms to the EIA RS-232 C standard. This feature is typically used in conjunction with
DIGSIÒ software to view event logs and target logs, to monitor measured values, to program the
settings, and to analyze captured waveforms.
5.3 General Procedures for Programming the Relay

This section tells you how to do the following operations as part of the programming process:
· Select an address
· Place the relay in programming mode
· Select a text-based setting option
· Program a numeric setting
5-6 July 27, 1995

The functions of the keys on the operator panel are described below:
Key Function
Press this key to ...

Enter the relay password.
Directly access an address.
Directly access address 5000 (Annunciations).
Test and reset the stored LEDs.
Scroll through address blocks.
Scroll through addresses or index numbers .
Modify the function of the key that follows.
Enter numeric data (addresses, values, etc.).
Enter (1) a decimal point in numeric data or (2) a separator

between hours, minutes, month, day, etc., for date and time
setting.
Indicate (1) a negative value or (2) a difference time.
(1) Delete one character to the left or (2) scroll backward

through the function selection (index) levels.
Enter the program setting value "infinite."
(1) Confirm the address or value that has been keyed in or

selected, or (2) clear error or operational messages from
the LCD.
(1) Accept the displayed setting or (2) respond "Yes" to the
displayed question.
(1) Reject the displayed setting or (2) respond "No" to the
displayed question.
Figure 5-2. Description of the Keys on the 7SA511 Relay Operator Panel.
July 27, 1995 5-7

The procedures and tables given throughout this chapter identify the settings that require a
numeric value within a specified range, and the text-based settings that are chosen from a
predefined list of options.
If a protective cover is on the relay, remove the cover to access the operator panel. Be sure that
the On/Off switch is in “On” position and the Power LED is lit. You should also be able to read
the text in the operator panel LCD (see example LCD below).
1000z
PARAMETERS
5.3.1 Selecting an Address

There are two ways to select an address: you can use the Direct Addr (direct address) shortcut
key or the navigation keys. Two of the navigation keys are accessible with the protective cover
installed over the relay, while the cover must be removed to access the Direct Addr key.
Note: The direct address method is used in the procedures in this manual.
Using the Direct Addr Key

1. Press the Direct Addr key.
2. Type the 4-digit address number.
3. Press Enter. The address number, description, and the setting appear on the display.
Note: If you enter
a) an invalid address, you get the message “ADDRESS UNKNOWN”
b) no address, you get the message “ENTRY ERROR
c) an address for a function configured as NON-EXIST, you get the message “NOT
AUTHORIZED”
Using the Navigation Keys

Repeatedly press either of the navigation keys described below until the LCD shows the address
block number that contains the setting you want to review.
· Press the key to go to the NEXT address block. *
· Press the key to go to the PREVIOUS address block.
With the correct address block number displayed, press either of the navigation keys described
below until the LCD displays the address number and setting you want.
· Press the key to go to the NEXT address number. *
· Press the key to go to the PREVIOUS address number.
* This key is accessible with the protective cover installed over the relay.
5.3.2 Placing the Relay in Programming Mode

The 7SA511 relay requires a password (codeword) which must be entered to place the relay in
programming mode. The factory-set password is six zeroes (‘000000’) and cannot be changed.
5-8 July 27, 1995

While the relay is in programming mode, the solid bar following the address number in the LCD
will flash on and off. The relay remains in programming mode until you save the settings as
discussed in section 5.3.4.
To place the relay in programming mode, follow this procedure:
1. Press the Direct Addr key, type the address number for the setting to be pro-
grammed, and press Enter. The requested address, description, and presetting appear
on the display.
2. Press the Password key and enter password ‘000000’. Each character (‘0’) you type
appears as the @ symbol on the display.
3. Press Enter.
4. If your entry is correct, the message “CW ACCEPTED” appears on the display. Press
Enter again. You return to the address where you started in step 1, and the relay is in
programming mode. Go to section 5.3.3, “Changing a Setting.”
5. If your entry is not valid, the message “CODEWORD WRONG “ appears on the dis-
play. Begin again with step 2 of this procedure.
5.3.3 Changing a Setting

The relay must be in programming mode to change a setting.
There are two types of relay settings:
1. selectable - parameters or options that are selected from a list

2. numeric - values that are entered using the numeric keys of the keypad
To change a selectable setting:
1. When the setting displayed is not the one you want, press the No key. The next setting
option appears on the LCD line 2. Continue to press the No key until the setting option
you want to choose is displayed on the LCD.
2. Press Enter when the setting option you want is displayed on the LCD. Continue with
section 5.3.4, “Saving New Settings.”
To change a numeric setting:
1. With the existing setting displayed, type in the new value, which must be within the
established range.
2. Press Enter. If you entered a value that is outside of the allowable range, the
“VALUE TOO SMALL” or “VALUE TOO BIG” message will appear on the display.
Retype the correct value if you receive one of these messages. Otherwise, the value
you entered is accepted.
3. Continue with section 5.3.4, “Saving New Settings.”
July 27, 1995 5-9

5.3.4 Saving New Settings

Before new settings are saved, all configuration and programming changes are stored in the
volatile working memory (RAM). To save new relay settings and store them in nonvolatile
EEPROM memory, you must press the Yes key in response to the “SAVE NEW SETTINGS?”
message. There are two ways to reach this message:
Step Action Result

(1) By use of the F key.
1. Press function key F. An “F” replaces the solid bar following the
address number in the display.
2. Press Enter. The message “SAVE NEW SETTINGS?”
appears on the display.
3. To respond to this message:
a. Press the Yes key to save the The “NEW SETTINGS SAVED” message
settings and exit programming appears on the display, which means the new
mode. settings have been accepted and stored in
nonvolatile EEPROM memory.
3. b. Press the No key to cancel The “SAVING PROCEDURE ABORTED”
saving the settings. message appears on the display. Press Enter
to clear the message and return the relay to
display mode. Any changes made while in
programming mode are erased.
(2) When leaving address block groups 1000 to 3800, 6000 to 6400, 6900 to 7900, or
8500.
Step Action Result
1. Press the Direct Addr key, or the The message “END OF CODEWORD
or key, to leave address OPERATION?” appears on the display.
blocks listed above.
2. To respond to this message:
a. Press the Yes key to save the The “SAVE NEW SETTINGS?” message
settings and exit programming appears on the display. Respond to this mes-
mode. sage as described in Step 3 above.
b. Press the No key to continue The message “PRESS ANY KEY TO
configuration. CONTINUE” appears on the display. Press
Enter to clear the message. The relay stays in
programming mode, and you can continue to
change settings within the address block group
you are in.
5.4 Enabling the Relay for Substation Control (Optional)

If the relay is connected to a substation control system through the rear port, you must change
several presettings. These presettings include activating the rear port, selecting the data transmis-
sion rate, and specifying system addresses.
5-10 July 27, 1995

Table 5-1 lists the relay presettings, the optional settings and the setting ranges available for the
rear port. Compare these presettings to the information on the completed worksheets and
determine which settings you need to change to match your operating environment. After all
settings have been verified or changed appropriately, follow the procedure described in section
5.3.4 to save the new settings.
Table 5-1. Substation Control System Setting Options.

Addr. LCD Text Description Preset Options/Range
7814 LSA Rear port connection NON-EXIST EXIST
6902 BAUD RATE Data transmission speed (bps) 9600 BAUD · 4800 BAUD
· 19200 BAUD
7009 DEVICE ADD. Device address 0 0 - 255

7010 FEEDER ADD. Feeder address 0 0 - 255
Reference G of this manual, “Input/Output Functions,” identifies the relay annunciations that can
be transmitted to and accessed from a substation control system.
5.5 Waveform Capture Settings

You can access and review the relay’s fault waveform data when your relay is configured for
waveform capture, the waveform capture function is turned on, and the relay is operated using
DIGSIÒ software. You can also indicate whether the waveform capture records will be sent to a
PC connected to the front port or to a substation control system connected via the rear port.
Waveform capture stores the voltage and phase current waveforms.
Table 5-2 lists the preset waveform capture settings and setting options. Compare these preset-
tings to the information on the completed worksheets and determine which settings, if any, you
need to change to match your operating environment.
Table 5-2. Waveform Capture Setting Options.

7806 FAULT Indicate if the waveform capture EXIST NON-EXIST
RECRD function exists for the relay
2801 FAULT REC. Turn waveform capture function ON OFF
on or off
2802 INITIATION Waveform capture initiation BY FAULT BY TRIP <T REC
DETECTION
2803 FAULT REC. Waveform capture destination. TO PC/PD TO LSA
(“PC/PD” indicates to front serial
port, “LSA” indicates to rear
port.)
2804 T-REC Time allowed before waveform 0.30 s 0.01 - 2.50 s
capture recording is started if
waveform capture is initiated by
trip command (see address 2802)
7002 OPER. BAUD. Data rate for communication via 1200 BAUD · 2400 BAUD
the front port—address 2803 · 4800 BAUD
should be set to PC/PD · 9600 BAUD
· 19200 BAUD
July 27, 1995 5-11

The following procedure enables the waveform capture function via the front serial port for the
7SA511 relay. It is a good example of how to use the operator panel to change settings, verify
predefined settings, enter new data, and save the new settings.
1. To verify the presettings for the waveform capture function, press the Direct Addr key and
type address number 7806.
2. Press Enter. With the factory presettings, the display should appear as shown below:
7806zFAULT LOCAT
EXIST
3. Press the Direct Addr key, type address number 2801, and press Enter. With the factory
presettings, the display should appear as shown below:
2801zFAULT REC.
ON
4. Press the key to go to address number 2802. With the factory presettings, the display
should appear as shown below:
2802zINITIATION
BY FAULT DETECT.
5.
If you want waveform Then . . .
capture initiated by . . .
fault detection (pickup) Press the key to go to address number 2803.
trip command 1. Change to programming mode (refer to the instructions in
section 5.3.2 above).
2. With “2802 z INITIATION : BY FAULT DETEC.”
displayed on the LCD, press the No key.
“BY TRIP <T-REC” will appear on line 2 of the display.
3. Press Enter to have waveform capture initiated by trip
command.
4. Press the key to go to address number 2803.
5-12 July 27, 1995

6. The factory presetting “2803 z FAULT REC. : TO PC/PD” appears on the display. Since this
example procedure is to set the waveform capture function for the front port, the presetting
is the correct setting. Press the key.
7.
If address 2802 setting Then . . .
is . . .
BY FAULT DETEC. Address 2804 is not available, so address 2801 appears on the
display. Go to the next step of this procedure.
BY TRIP <T-REC 1. Press the key. “2804 z T- REC : 0.30 s” appears on the
display. This setting indicates the time allowed, after a trip
command, before waveform capture recording is started.
2. To accept the T-REC presetting of 30 seconds, press the
key. Go to Step 8.
3. To change the time delay T-REC, place the relay in
programming mode if you have not done so in a previous
step. Type in the new value using the decimal point and
numeric keys, and press Enter. Verify the value you entered
on the display.
8. To change the data rate for communication via the front port, press the Direct Addr key
and type in address number 7002. The display appears as shown below:
7002zOPER. BAUDR.
1200 BAUD
9.
If . . . Then . . .
1200 is the correct data transmission speed for continue with the next step of this procedure.
the front serial port
1200 bps is NOT correct press the No key. The setting options are:
· 2400 BAUD
· 4800 BAUD
· 9600 BAUD
· 19200 BAUD
When the setting you want to select is dis-

played, press Enter.
July 27, 1995 5-13

10. To save the settings, press function key F then press Enter. Press the Yes key in response to
the “SAVE NEW SETTINGS?” message. The “NEW SETTINGS SAVED” confirmation
message will appear on the display. See section 5.3.4 for more detailed instructions on
saving relay settings.
5.6 Relay Scope of Functions (7800)

The numerous functions and optional features of the 7SA511 relay are indicated as existing or
non-existing through address block 7800, Scope of Functions. This block is also used to identify
the rated system frequency and choose the type of fault detection, pilot protection, and ground
fault protection for the relay.
The parameters under this block identify the functions of the relay. Additional On/Off parameters
under addresses within the 1000 to 4000 range are provided so you can manually switch
functions on and off as needed. Section 5.17 discusses the On/Off parameters in more detail.
Table 5-3 identifies all of the relay functions controlled in address block 7800 along with the
presettings and setting options. This table also refers you to the section in this chapter that
describes the function in more detail, including the additional parameters required for the function
to work. Only those functions available in your relay will appear in its display. Refer to your relay
model number and to section 1.3, “Relay Model Number,” to verify which functions you should
be able to control in address block 7800.
Compare these presettings to the information on the completed worksheets and determine which
settings, if any, you need to change to match your operating environment. After all settings have
been verified or changed appropriately, follow the procedure described in section 5.3.4 to save the
new settings.
5-14 July 27, 1995

Table 5-3. Relay 7SA511 Scope of Functions, Address Block 7800.

Addr. LCD Text Description Preset Options Section
7801 DIST. PROT. Distance protection EXIST NON-EXIST 5.10
7802 DIST. F. DET. Type of fault OVERCURRENT · U/I 0
detection · IMPEDANCE ZONE
7803 EMERG. O/C Emergency over- EXIST NON-EXIST 5.13

current protection
7804 TELEPROTEC. Pilot protection NON-EXIST · UNDERREACH 5.12
· OVERREACH
7805 FAULT Distance to fault loca- EXIST NON-EXIST 5.17

LOCAT tion
7806 FAULT Waveform capture EXIST NON-EXIST 5.5
RECRD function
7807 ISOL. E/F Ground fault NON-EXIST EXIST 5.14
protection for
ungrounded systems
7808 EARTH Ground fault NON-EXIST · DIRECTIONAL D.T. 5.15
FAULT protection for (D.T. = definite time
grounded systems · DIREC.
COMPARISON
· INVERSE TIME
7810 INTERNAL AR Internal automatic NON-EXIST EXIST 5.16

reclose function
7813 POWER Power swing NON-EXIST EXIST 5.11
SWING block/trip function
7814 LSA Connection to a sub- NON-EXIST EXIST 5.4
station control system
via the rear port
7885 PARAM. C/O Parameter NON-EXIST EXIST 5.8
changeover function
7899 FREQUENCY Rated system fN 60 Hz fN 50 Hz 5.9.1
frequency
5.7 Operating Settings

This section discusses the various operating settings available in the 7SA511 relay. These settings
are:
• Operating Parameters (7000) - Program the general operating parameters for the relay.
• Real-Time Clock (8100) - Set the real-time clock.
5.7.1 Operating Parameters (7000)

The relay’s general operating parameters are in address block 7000. Table 5-4 lists the preset
operating parameters and options. Compare these presettings to the information on the completed
worksheets and determine which parameters, if any, you need to change to match your operating
environment. When you have changed all of the necessary settings, follow the procedure
described in section 5.3.4 to save the new settings.
July 27, 1995 5-15

Note: Addresses 7009 and 7010 are required to enable the relay for substation control and
are therefore discussed in section 5.4.
Table 5-4. Operating Parameters, Address 7000.

7001 LANGUAGE Display language ENGLISH DEUTSCH (German)
7002 OPER. BAUD. Data rate for communi- 1200 BAUD · 2400 BAUD
cation via the front port · 4800 BAUD
· 9600 BAUD
· 19200 BAUD
7003 DATE FORMAT Date format for the real- DD.MM.YYYY MM/DD/YYYY
time clock
7004 FAULT INDIC When to display stored LED BY FAULT DETEC. BY TRIP COMMAND
indications and fault annun-
ciations
7005 OPER. 1st L Message to appear in first not allocated · IL1 = A
display line during normal · IL2 = A
operation · IL3 = A
· UL12 = kV
· UL23 = kV
· UL31 = kV
· Pa = MW
· Pr = MVA
· f[%] = %
· IL1[%] = %
· IL2[%] = %
· IL3[%] = %
· UL12[%] = %
· UL23[%] = %
· UL31[%] = %
· Pa[%] = %
· Pr[%] = %
7006 OPER. 2nd L Message to appear in second UL12 = (options are same as for
display line during normal 7005)
operation
7007 FAULT 1st L Message to appear in first Fault type · Trip Type
display line after a fault · Prot. Pick-up
event · Prot. Trip
· Time-to-Drop
· Time-to-Trip
· Fault locat.
7008 FAULT 2nd L Message to appear in second Time-to-Trip (options are same as for
display line after a fault 7007)
event
5-16 July 27, 1995

5.7.2 Real-Time Clock (8100)

The parameters in address block 8100 control the relay’s internal real-time clock and allow you to
change the date and time. Also, you can optionally enter a difference time that is used to adjust
the clock forward or backward or to synchronize the clock with another reference.
For the real-time clock and calendar to maintain the correct date and time in the event of a power
supply failure, the backup battery must be installed in the relay. See Chapter 4 section 4.3,
“Installing the Relay’s Backup Battery,” for installation instructions.
When the relay is initially installed and energized, the date and time must be set. With address
block 8100 (shown below) displayed, press the key to display the date and time under address
8101.* Continue to press the key to go to address 8102 to change the date, address 8103 to
change the time, etc. Enter the relay password (see section 5.3.2) to change the date or time. The
“T.CLOCK ADJUSTED” message will display after a date or time change.
The message “ENTRY ERROR” will appear if you incorrectly enter the date or time. Press Enter
to clear this message and return to programming mode.
8100zSETTING
REAL TIME CLOCK
(Address 8101) The date format options at address 7003 (see

section 5.7.1) are MM/DD/YYYY or DD.MM.YYYY.
10/19/1994
The time is displayed in 24 hour format, which
16:49:28
cannot be changed.
Date
A date can be entered at address 8102. When entering the date, the period (.) key is used as the
separator between days, months, and years. Also, the entry must be made using two digits for the
month, two digits for the day, and four digits for the year (i.e., MM.DD.YYYY or
DD.MM.YYYY).
Set Time
The clock can be set by entering a time at address 8103. Enter the time in 24 hour format using
two digits each for hours, minutes, and seconds (i.e., HH.MM.SS). The period (.) key is used as
the separator between hours, minutes, and seconds.
Difference Time
The clock can be adjusted by specifying a difference time at address 8104. In this case, the clock
is adjusted forward or backward by the amount of time entered. To adjust the clock forward,
enter the difference time, then press the Enter key. To adjust the clock backward, enter the
*
Direct access to address 8101 will also display the date and time setting.
July 27, 1995 5-17

difference time, press the +/- key, then press the Enter key. The format for entering the
difference time is the same as for a new time as described above.
Synchronizing the Clock

There are two ways to precisely synchronize the relay clock with another reference:
1. via the operator panel

2. via a binary input signal
Operator Panel Entry

Synchronizing the clock through the operator panel can be done with either a set time entry or a
difference time entry.
To synchronize with a set time entry, use address 8103 and enter a time in advance of the
reference time, then press the Enter key precisely when the reference clock reaches the entered
time. This method can never be extremely precise since it is dependent on operator reaction time.
To synchronize with a difference time entry, use address 8104 and enter a time equal to the time
difference between the relay clock and the reference clock. The difference time method has the
advantage of being independent of the operator reaction time. It does, however, have the
disadvantage of having to know the exact time difference between the relay clock and the
reference clock.
Binary Input Signal

The relay clock may also be synchronized by means of an external signal on a binary input. In
order to use this method, the logical function “Time Synchro” (FNo 005) must be assigned to a
binary input (see section 5.19.3). When “Time Synchro” is assigned to a binary input, a transition
of the input signal to the active state causes the seconds counter of the internal clock to reset to
zero. The minutes counter will advance to the next minute if the seconds counter is at 30 seconds
or more when the transition occurs. Otherwise, the minutes counter will remain unchanged. Worst
case delay between the synchronizing transition and the reset to zero seconds is 20 milliseconds.
The internal clock accuracy allows a maximum deviation of 8.64 seconds per 24 hour period. It is,
therefore, recommended that elapse time between synchronizing signals not exceed 3 days (72
hours).
5.8 Parameter Changeover (Optional)

Another optional feature of the 7SA511 relay is the ability to program multiple parameter sets and
to change the operating parameter set when desired. This feature, called parameter changeover
(PCO), provides four parameter sets—identified by the letters A, B, C, and D—in addition to the
original, default set. If your relay model number is 7SA511*-**A5*-**E/F/G*, your relay has the
parameter changeover feature. Skip the rest of this section if your relay does not have this feature.
System settings and relay protection settings (addresses 1000 to 3999) can be uniquely defined for
each parameter set. You can also copy data from one parameter set to another, including the
original set.
5-18 July 27, 1995

Only one parameter set is active at a time. You can change the active parameter set during relay
operation (provided no protection functions are picked up) using the operator panel or through
the binary inputs. If the relay is connected to a PC via the front port, you can use DIGSI®
software to change the active parameter set.
7885 PARAM.C/O Parameter changeover feature EXIST
There are three operations available when parameter changeover is programmed as existing:
· Configuring a parameter set

· Selecting the active parameter set
· Deactivating the parameter set
Each of these operations is discussed separately in the following sections.
5.8.1 Configuring a Parameter Set

There are two ways to configure the settings for a parameter set:
· Configure each parameter in each set

· Use the parameter set copy function to copy the parameters from one set to another
Configuring Each Parameter in Each Set

To configure settings by parameter set, you must enter the appropriate key sequence as described
below, then enter the password to change the relay to programming mode.
This key sequence Accesses this parameter set

F1 Set A
F2 Set B
F3 Set C
F4 Set D
Note: The message “COPYING TERMINATED” will appear in the display when the F
key sequences are used. Ignore this message and press Enter to clear it.
When one of these key sequences is used while the relay is in display mode, the parameters for the
selected set can be displayed. The parameter address number in the display will be preceded by the
parameter set ID letter (A - D). For example, the parameter at address 1105 in Set B appears as:
B1105zIn PRIMARY
1000 A
July 27, 1995 5-19

The relay always operates with the active set of parameters (see section 5.8.2) regardless of which
set is being displayed or configured.
Copying Parameter Sets

Prior to activating the parameter changeover feature, the parameter values are display without a
parameter set ID prefix. In reality, the relay is operating with parameter Set A and any changes
made to the settings will be made to Set A. The factory preset for the active parameter set when
parameter changeover is activated is Set A. Therefore, if programming changes are made prior to
activating parameter changeover, there will be no undesirable changes in the operation of the relay
when parameter changeover is initially activated.
All four of the available parameters sets are initialized at the factory the same set of default
parameters identified as the “ORIG.SET.” This set of parameters is permanently stored in the
read-only memory of the relay. If, after making setting changes, it is necessary to restore the relay
to the factory default settings, this can be done by copying the ORIG.SET to any or all of the four
parameter sets.
A selectable set may also be initialized by copying another selectable set. Table 5-5 contains a list
of the available copy options. To perform a copy, access the address corresponding to the desired
copy function. For example:
8512zCopy ?
ORIG.SET->SET C
Press the YES key. The second line of the display will indicate “IN PROGRESS” followed by
“SUCCESSFUL” after a successful copy operation. Press Enter to clear the message. The relay
remains in programming mode. (To exit programming mode see the following Note.)
Note: To properly save the copied parameter set, use the navigation keys to leave the
8500 address block. When you do this you will get the “SAVE NEW SETTINGS”
message.
5-20 July 27, 1995

Table 5-5. Parameter Set Copy Options.

Address Copy Action
8510 Copy ORIG.SET to Set A
8511 Copy ORIG.SET to Set B
8512 Copy ORIG.SET to Set C
8513 Copy ORIG.SET to Set D
8514 Copy Set A to Set B
8515 Copy Set A to Set C
8516 Copy Set A to Set D
8517 Copy Set B to Set A
8518 Copy Set B to Set C
8519 Copy Set B to Set D
8520 Copy Set C to Set A
8521 Copy Set C to Set B
8522 Copy Set C to Set D
8523 Copy Set D to Set A
8524 Copy Set D to Set B
8525 Copy Set D to Set C
5.8.2 Selecting the Active Parameter Set

The active set of parameters can be changed during relay operation using either the operator
panel, through a serial port, or by means of the binary inputs. The following example procedure
uses the operator panel to change the active parameter set.
1. As shown below, the presently active parameter set can be determined by displaying address
8501.
8501zACTIV PARAM
SET A
2. To change the active parameter set, select address 8503. “ACTIVATION z SET A” appears
on the display. Place the relay in programming mode as instructed in section 5.3.2.
8503zACTIVATION
SET A
July 27, 1995 5-21

3. Press the No key until the setting you want is displayed, then press Enter to select the active
parameter set. Table 5-6 identifies the parameter set presetting and options.
Table 5-6. Parameter Changeover Options.

Addr. LCD Text Description Preset Options
8503 ACTIVATION Select the active parameter set SET A · SET B
· SET C
· SET D
· SET BY BIN.
INPUT
4. Save the new active parameter set per the instructions in section 5.3.4. If “SET BY BIN.
INPUT” is selected, see the “Settings Calculation” chapter for further instructions required to
perform parameter changeover via binary inputs.
Important: After a new parameter set has been selected as the active set, the parameter set ID
prefix displayed for addresses 1000 to 3999 will not change until the relay has been
through a reset and restart cycle (see “On/Off Switch” in the “Product Description”
chapter). Therefore, you cannot count on the prefix to indicate the correct active
parameter set at all times. Only the value at address 8501 is always an accurate
indication of the active set.
5.8.3 Deactivating Parameter Changeover

If you change the parameter at address 7885 to NON-EXIST, parameter changeover is deacti-
vated. The parameters between addresses 1000 and 4000 will no longer display an address
number with the parameter set ID (A - D) preceding it. However, the active parameters will
remain those of the last active set. To restore the relay to the ORIG.SET, you must set address
7885 to EXIST, copy the ORIG.SET to set A, B, C, or D, activate that set via address 8503, and
then deactivate parameter changeover.
5.9 System Settings

System settings provide information to the relay about the characteristics of the power system to
which the relay is connected and intended to protect. You can also change the sensitivity of the
measured values monitoring function as needed.
For detailed information on calculating system settings, refer to Reference A, “Method of Opera-
tion,” and to Reference E, “Setting Calculations.” All equations used to calculate the setting
values are included in one or both of these sections.
5.9.1 Power System Settings (1100)

The protected system’s rated frequency (60 or 50 Hz) is set at address 7899 as part of the relay’s
scope of functions (see section 5.6). The remaining power system settings for the 7SA511 relay
are in address block 1100. If you change any of these settings, the relay will automatically reset
and restart after the “NEW SETTINGS SAVED” message is displayed. Table 5-7 identifies the
system presettings and the available setting options and ranges.
5-22 July 27, 1995

settings you need to change to match your operating environment. When you have changed all of
the necessary settings, follow the procedure described in section 5.3.4 to save the new settings.
Table 5-7. Power System Setting Options

1101 CT STARPNT Current transformer polarity. TOWARDS LINE TOWARDS
This setting determines the BUSBAR
measurement direction of the
relay (forwards = line direction)
1102 SYSTEMSTAR System neutral (starpoint) SOLIDLY · COMPENSATED
condition EARTHED · ISOLATED
1103 Un PRIMARY VT primary rated voltage (line- 110 kV 1 - 400 kV
to-line)
1104 Un SECOND. VT secondary rated voltage 100 V 100 - 125 V
(line-to-line)
1105 In PRIMARY CT primary rated current 1000 A 10 - 5000 A
(phases)
1109 VT DELTA VT delta windings are NOT CONNECTED CONNECTED
connected or not connected
1110 Uph/Udelta VT ratio matching factor 1.73 0.00 to 9.99
1111 Ie CT Ground fault detection input PROTECTED LINE PARALLEL LINE
current connection (grounded
systems only—this setting is
not available for high-
sensitivity ground fault
configurations)
1112 Ie/Iph CT ratio matching factor 1.000 0.000 to 20.000
1113 CB AUX.CNT Indicate whether or not the cir- CONNECTED NOT CONNECTED
cuit breaker auxiliary contact is
connected to a binary input
1117 RE/RL Matching of ground impedance, 1.00 -7.00 to +7.00
resistance ratio
1118 XE/XL Matching of ground impedance, 1.00 -7.00 to +7.00
reactance ratio
1119 RM/RL Matching of mutual impedance, 0.00 -7.00 to +7.00
resistance ratio
1120 XM/XL Matching of mutual impedance, 0.00 -7.00 to +7.00
reactance ratio
7899 FREQUENCY Rated system frequency fN 60 Hz fN 50 Hz
5.9.2 Settings for Measured Value Monitoring (2900)

As described in Reference B, “Hardware & Software,” the relay monitors the current and voltage
measuring circuits (CTs, VTs, and A/D converters) for faults. For measured value monitoring to
function correctly, the system settings at addresses 1105 (CT primary current), 1112 (CT ratio
matching factor), and 7899 (frequency) must be set properly.
The sensitivity of the measured values monitoring can be changed in address block 2900. Table 5-
8 identifies the factory presettings and available options. Typically, the factory presettings are
July 27, 1995 5-23

sufficient. Compare these presettings to the information on the completed worksheets and
determine which settings you need to change to match your operating environment. When you
have changed all of the necessary settings, follow the procedure described in section 5.3.4 to save
the new settings.
Table 5-8. Measured Value Supervision Settings

2901 SYM.Uthres Voltage threshold (phase-to-phase) 50 V 10 - 100 V
above which the symmetry monitoring
is effective
2902 SYM.Fact.U Symmetry factor for the voltage sym- 0.75 0.58 - 0.95
metry = slope of the symmetry charac-
teristic
2903 SYM.Ithres Current threshold above which the 0.50 I/In 0.10 - 1.00 I/In
symmetry monitoring is effective
2904 SYM.Fact.I Symmetry factor for the current sym- 0.50 0.10 - 0.95
metry = slope of the symmetry charac-
teristic
2905 SUM.Ithres Current threshold above which the 0.10 I/In 0.10 - 2.00 I/In
summation monitoring reaction is
effective
2906 SUM.Fact.I Relative content, related to the maxi- 0.10 0.00 - 0.95
mum conductor current, for operation
of current summation monitoring
2910 FUSE FAIL Condition of fuse failure monitor. This ON OFF
must be set to OFF for grounded
systems where ground faults with
small or zero ground currents can
occur.
2911 FFM 3*Uo> Displacement voltage 3V0, above 30 V 10 - 100 V
which fuse failure should be detected
2912 FFM Ie< Ground current, above which no fuse 0.50 I/In 0.10 - 1.00 I/In
failure is assumed
5.10 Distance Protection Settings

Distance protection is the main function of the 7SA511 relay. The distance protection function
must be set as “EXIST” under address 7801 (see section 5.6). If “NON-EXIST” was selected,
you can skip the rest of this section.
This section identifies the addresses used to configure the relay distance protection functions.
Refer to Reference E, “Setting Calculations,” for information on determining the protection
settings needed for your operating environment. Table 5-9 identifies, by address block, the
distance protection settings in the 7SA511 relay.
5-24 July 27, 1995

Table 5-9. Distance Protection Settings By Address Block.

Addr. Block LCD Text Description
1200 DIST. PROT. Indicate whether distance protection is On or Off, program
GENERAL SETTINGS the direction of the distance protection directional zone, and
set the tirp delays T4 and T5.
1300 DIST. PROT. Parameters for independent distance zones.
INDEPEND. ZONES Z1
Z2
Z3
1400 DIST. PROT. Parameters for controlled (overreach) zones.
CONTROLLED ZONES Z1B
Z1L
1500 DIST. PROT. Measurement control parameters for voltage controlled
FAULT DETECTION overcurrent fault detection OR polygonal impedance fault
detection.
1600 DIST. PROT. Parameters for the fault detection
FAULT DETECTION
1700 FAULT LOOP Parameters for determination of a fault loop in a grounded
EARTHED NETWORK system.
1800 FAULT LOOP Parameters for determination of a fault loop in an
NON-EARTHED NET ungrounded system (isolated or compensated).
Distance protection settings can vary between the parameter sets when the parameter changeover
feature is available (see section 5.8).
The distance protection settings discussed in this section are categorized as follows:
· General settings
· Settings for independent distance zones Z1, Z2, and Z3
· Settings for controlled (overreach) zones Z1B and Z1L
· Fault detection settings as follows:
- Overcurrent fault detection
- Voltage controlled fault detection
- Polygonal impedance fault detection
· Settings for determination of the fault loop in grounded systems
· Settings for determination of the fault loop in ungrounded systems
July 27, 1995 5-25

5.10.1 General Settings (1200)

The 7SA511 relay consists of five distance zones and seven time delays:
Independent distance zones: Z1 Delay T1

Z2 Delay T2
Z3 Delay T3
Controlled (overreaching) zones: Z1B Delay T1B

Z1L Delay T1L
Final elements: Fault detection, directional Delay T4

Fault detection, nondirectional Delay T5
The direction of the directional zone and the delay times T4 and T5 are set in address block 1200.
You also establish the valid distance measuring range when the circuit breaker is manually closed.
Table 5-10 lists the presettings and setting options. Compare these presettings to the information
on the completed worksheets and determine which settings you need to change to match your
operating environment. When you have changed all of the necessary settings, follow the
procedure described in section 5.3.4 to save the new settings.
Table 5-10. Distance Protection General Settings

1201 DIST. PROT. Turn distance protection on or ON OFF
off
1202 DIR. FLT&T4. Select direction for directional FORWARDS (line) · REVERSE (bus)
trip with fault detection · NON-
DIRECTIONAL
1203 T4 Trip delay T4—fault detection, 0.90 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
directional trip · ¥
1204 T5 Trip delay T5—fault detection, 1.20 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
nondirectional trip · ¥
1205 MAN. CLOSE Distance measuring range used Z1B EFFECTIVE · ZA EFFECTIVE
when circuit breaker is · Z1 EFFECTIVE
manually closed—Z1B is the
directional overreach zone; ZA
is the nondirectional fault
detection zone; and Z1 is the
normal first zone
1206 MEAS. REPET Set measurement repetition NO YES
cycle—choose YES if difficult
measurement conditions are
present; choose NO for
automatic measurement
repetition in the region of the
balance point
5-26 July 27, 1995

5.10.2 Independent Zones Z1, Z2, Z3 (1300)

Address block 1300 consists of the settings required for zones Z1, Z2, and Z3, which operate
independently from one another and independently of the overreach zones Z1B and Z1L. The
settings include the reactance value, X, or reach, for each zone; the resistance value, R, for line
and fault resistance, which can be set separately for phase-to-phase faults and for phase-to-ground
faults; the measurement direction for each zone; and delay times T1 and T2 for single-phase faults
and multi-phase faults for each zone. See Reference E, “Setting Calculations,” for detailed
information on determining these settings.
Table 5-11 lists the protection presettings and setting options for zones Z1, Z2, and Z3. Compare
these presettings to the information on the completed worksheets and determine which settings
you need to change to match your operating environment. When you have changed all of the
necessary settings, follow the procedure described in section 5.3.4 to save the new settings.
July 27, 1995 5-27

Table 5-11. Distance Protection Settings for Independent Zones Z1, Z2, and Z3
Addr. LCD Text Zone & Description Preset Options/Range
1301 R1 Z1. Resistance for phase-to-phase 1.25 W 0.05 - 65.00 W
faults
1302 X1 Z1. Reactance value (reach) 2.50 W 0.05 - 130.00 W
1303 R1E Z1. Resistance for phase-to- 2.50 W 0.05 - 130.00 W
ground faults
1304 DIREC. Z1 Z1 measurement direction FORWARDS (line) · REVERSE (bus)
· NON-
DIRECTIONAL
1305* T1 1phase Z1. Trip delay for single-phase 0.00 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
faults · ¥
1306* T1 >1phase Z1. Trip delay for multi-phase 0.00 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
faults · ¥
faults.
1312 X2 Z2. Reactance value (reach). 5.00 W 0.05 - 130.00 W
ground faults.
1314 DIREC. Z2 Z2. Measurement direction. FORWARDS (line · REVERSE (bus)
direction) · NON-
DIRECTIONAL
1315* T2 1phase Z2. Trip delay for single-phase 0.30 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
faults. · ¥
1316* T2 >1phase Z2. Trip delay for multi-phase 0.30 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
faults. · ¥
faults.
1322 X3 Z3. Reactance value (reach). 10.00 W 0.05 - 130.00 W
ground faults
1324 DIREC. Z3 Z3. Measurement direction. FORWARDS (line · REVERSE (bus)
direction) · NON-
DIRECTIONAL
1325 T3 Z3. Delay time. 0.60 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
· ¥
5.10.3 Controlled (Overreach) Zones Z1B and Z1L (1400)

Address block 1400 consists of the settings required for overreach zones Z1B and Z1L. The
settings include the reactance value, X, or reach, for each zone; the resistance value, R, for line
and fault resistance, which can be set separately for phase-to-phase faults and for phase-to-ground
faults; the measurement direction for each zone; delay time T1B for single-phase faults and for
multi-phase faults; and delay time T1L. See Reference E, “Setting Calculations,” for detailed
information on determining these settings.
*
Normally, addresses 1305 and 1306 are set to the same value, and addresses 1315 and 1316 are set to the same
value.
5-28 July 27, 1995

Table 5-12 lists the protection presettings and setting options for overreach zones Z1B and Z1L.
Table 5-12. Distance Protection Settings for Controlled (Overreach) Zones Z1B and Z1L
Addr. LCD Text Zone & Description Preset Options/Range
1401 R1B Z1B. Resistance for phase-to- 1.50 W 0.05 - 65.00 W
phase faults.
1402 X1B Z1B. Reactance value (reach). 3.00 W 0.05 - 130.00 W
1403 R1BE Z1B. Resistance for phase-to- 3.00 W 0.05 - 130.00 W
ground faults.
1404 DIREC. Z1B Z1B. Measurement direction. FORWARDS (line · REVERSE (bus)
direction) · NON-
DIRECTIONAL
1405* T1B 1phase Z1B. Trip delay for single-phase 0.00 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
faults. · ¥
1406* T1B>1phase Z1B. Trip delay for multi-phase 0.00 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
faults. · ¥
1411 R1L Z1L. Resistance for phase-to- 2.00 W 0.05 - 65.00 W
phase faults.
1412 X1L Z1L. Reactance value (reach). 4.00 W 0.05 - 130.00 W
1413 R1LE Z1L. Resistance for phase-to- 4.00 W 0.05 - 130.00 W
ground faults.
1414 DIREC. Z1L Z1L. Measurement direction. FORWARDS (line) · REVERSE (bus)
· NON-
DIRECTIONAL
1415 T1L Z1L. Trip delay. 0.00 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
· ¥
5.10.4 Overcurrent Fault Detection Settings

Threshold values for overcurrent detection are set in address 1601 for phase currents and in
address 1602 for ground currents. Table 5-13 describes the relay overcurrent fault detection
presettings and setting options. Compare these presettings to the information on the completed
worksheets and determine which settings, if any, you need to change to match your operating
7801 DIST. PROT. Distance protection function EXIST
7802 DIST. F. DET. Type of fault detection OVERCURRENT
*
Normally, addresses 1405 and 1406 are set to the same value.
July 27, 1995 5-29

Table 5-13. Overcurrent Fault Detection Settings.

1601 Iph>> Overcurrent detection threshold 1.80 I/In 0.25 - 4.00 I/In
value for phase currents
1602 Ie> Overcurrent detection threshold 0.50 I/In 0.10 - 1.00 I/In
value for ground currents
5.10.5 Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detection

Table 5-14 lists the relay presettings, the optional settings and the setting ranges available for
voltage controlled overcurrent fault detection. Compare these presettings to the information on
the completed worksheets and determine which settings you need to change to match your
operating environment. When you have changed all of the necessary settings, follow the
procedure described in section 5.3.4 to save the new settings.
7802 DIST. F. DET. Type of fault detection U/I
Important: Address 1501 must not be set to LE:Uphe/LL:Uphe for ungrounded systems.
Conversely, address 1501 must not be set to LE:Uphph/LL:Uphph for grounded
systems.
Table 5-14. Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detection Settings

1501 PROG. U/I Measurement controls used LE:Uphe/LL:Uphph · LE:Uphe/LL:Uphe
when the relay is programmed · LE:Uphe/LL:I>>
for voltage controlled fault · LE:Uphph/LL:Uphp
detection
1611 Iph>> Minimum operating current 0.20 I/In 0.10 - 1.00 I/In
for fault detection
1612 Uphe(I>>) Undervoltage pickup value at 48 V 20 - 70 V
Iph>> (address 1601), phase-
to-ground voltage
1613 Uphe(I>) Undervoltage pickup value at 48 V 20 - 70 V
Iph> (address 1611), phase-to-
ground voltage
1614 Uphph(I>>) Undervoltage pickup value at 80 V 40 - 130 V
Iph>> (address 1601), phase-
to-phase voltage
1615 Uphph(I>) Undervoltage pickup value at 80 V 40 - 130 V
Iph> (address 1611), phase-to-
phase voltage
5-30 July 27, 1995

5.10.6 Polygonal Impedance Fault Detection

This section applies only for relays programmed for polygonal impedance fault detection at
address 7802 (see section 5.6). Skip this section if overcurrent fault detection or voltage
controlled fault detection is being used.
Table 5-15 lists the presettings, the optional settings and the setting ranges available for polygonal
impedance fault detection. Compare these presettings to the information on the completed
worksheets and determine which settings you need to change to match your operating
environment. When you have changed all the necessary settings, follow the procedure described in
section 5.3.4 to save the new settings.
7802 DIST. F. DET. Type of fault detection IMPEDANCE ZONE
Table 5-15. Polygonal Impedance Fault Detection Settings.

1503 PROG. ZA Measurement controls used LE:Zphe/LL:Zphph LE:Zphe/LL:I>>
when the relay is programmed
for polygonal impedance fault
detection
1601 Iph>> Overcurrent detection threshold 1.80 I/In 0.25 - 4.00 I/In
value for phase currents
1602 Ie> Overcurrent detection threshold 0.50 I/In 0.10 - 1.00 I/In
value for ground currents
1621 Iph> Minimum current for polygonal 0.20 I/In 0.10 - 4.00 I/In
impedance detection
1622 X+A Reactance intersection (reach) 12.00 W 0.10 - 200.00 W
forwards
1623 X-A Reactance intersection (reach) 2.50 W 0.10 - 200.00 W
reverse
1624 RA1 Resistance intersection for 6.00 W 0.10 - 100.00 W
phase-to-phase characteristic;
phase angle below 45° (load
area)
1625 RA2 Resistance intersection for 6.00 W 0.10 - 200.00 W
phase-to-phase characteristic;
phase angle above 45° (fault
area)
1626 RAE Resistance intersection for 12.00 W 0.10 - 200.00 W
phase-to-ground characteristic
July 27, 1995 5-31

5.10.7 Determination of the Fault Loop for Grounded Systems (1700)

In phase-selective fault detection systems, the currents and voltages of the fault loop are decisive
when calculating the distance to fault. The settings under address block 1700 are applicable for
systems with a solidly grounded neutral. Skip this section if the system neutral is ungrounded,
(i.e., isolated or compensated).
Table 5-16 lists the presettings and setting options for determination of the fault loop for
grounded systems (1700). Compare these presettings to the information on the completed
1102 SYSTEMSTAR System neutral condition SOLIDLY EARTHED
Table 5-16. Settings for Determination of the Fault Loop for Grounded Systems
1701 Ue> Displacement voltage detection 20 V · 2 - 100 V
for ground fault detection · ¥
1703 2PH-E FLTS Fault loop measurement controls PHASE-PHASE · LEADING PH-E
for double ground faults LOOP · LAGGING PH-E
1704 3PH FAULTS Fault loop measurement controls E/F CONTROL · PH-PH ONLY
to be used for 3-phase faults · PH-E ONLY
1705 1PH FAULTS Select the fault loop measurement PHASE-EARTH PHASE-PHASE
controls to be used for single-
phase faults
5.10.8 Determination of the Fault Loop for Ungrounded Systems (1800) (Optional)
In phase-selective fault detection systems, the currents and voltages of the fault loop are decisive
when calculating the distance to fault. The settings under address block 1800 are applicable for
networks with an isolated or compensated neutral. Skip this section if the system neutral is
grounded.
Table 5-17 lists the presettings and setting options for determination of the fault loop for
ungrounded systems (1800). Compare these presettings to the information on the completed
1102 SYSTEMSTAR System neutral condition · COMPENSATED
· ISOLATED
5-32 July 27, 1995

Table 5-17. Settings for Determination of the Fault Loop for Ungrounded Systems
1801 TIe 1PHASE Pickup delay for ground 0.04 s · 0.04 - 0.50 s
current detection with single · ¥
phase pickup
1802 Ue> Displacement voltage for 40 V 10 V - 100 V
ground fault detection
1803 PHASE PREF Phase preference for double L3(L1) ACYCLIC · L1(L3) ACYCLIC
ground faults—the preference · L2(L1) ACYCLIC
sequence must be the same · L1(L2) ACYCLIC
throughout the network · L3(L2) ACYCLIC
· L2(L3) ACYCLIC
· L3(L1) CYCLIC
· L1(L3) CYCLIC
5.11 Power Swing Protection (2000) (Optional)

Address block 2000 is used to program the power swing protection settings for the relay. This
section applies only for relays with polygonal impedance fault detection (see section 0) and the
power swing option, model number 7SA511*-**A52- ***1/3. Skip this section if your relay does
not have this option.
Table 5-18 lists the presettings and setting options for power swing protection. Compare these
presettings to the information on the completed worksheets and determine which settings, if any,
you need to change to match your operating environment. When you have changed all the neces-
sary settings, follow the procedure described in section 5.3.4 to save the new settings.
7802 DIST. F. DET. Type of fault detection IMPEDANCE ZONE
7813 POWER Power swing protection func- EXIST
SWING tion
July 27, 1995 5-33

Table 5-18. Power Swing Protection Settings

2002 P/S PROGR. Power swing protection program BLOCK ALL · BLOCK Z1 ONLY
· BLOCK ALL BUT
Z1
· OUT OF STEP
TRIP
2003 Delta R Distance DR between power 5.00 W 0.10 - 50.00 W
swing polygon and fault
detection polygon
2004 dR/dT Rate of change of the power 20 W/s 0 - 200 W/s
swing vector between the power
swing polygon and fault
detection polygon, below which
the power swing is detected
2005 P/S T-ACT. Power swing action time ¥s · 0.01 - 32.00 s
· ¥
5.12 Pilot Protection

The setting at address 7804 indicates whether or not the relay is used for pilot protection, and
whether a permissive underreach transfer scheme or a permissive overreaching transfer scheme is
used. Skip this section if the pilot protection is programmed as non-existing at address 7804 (see
section 5.6).
5.12.1 Permissive Underreach Transfer (2100)

Table 5-19 lists the relay presettings and setting options available for the pilot protection
permissive underreach transfer scheme. Compare these presettings to the information on the
completed worksheets and determine which settings you need to change to match your operating
7804 TELEPROTEC. Type of pilot protection UNDERREACH
5-34 July 27, 1995

Table 5-19. Pilot Protection Permissive Underreach Transfer Settings

2101 PUTT MODE Turn permissive underreach ON OFF
transfer trip on or off
2102 PUTT MODE Transfer trip mode, either in Z1B FD
zone Z1B with time delay T1B, ACCELERATION ACCELERATION
or instantaneous trip with
nondirectional fault detection
2103 T-SEND-PRL Time prolongation for signal 0.05 s 0.01 to 32.00 s
transmission
2104 T-REC-PROL Time prolongation for signal 0.00 s 0.00 to 32.00 s
reception
2106 T-SEND-DEL Delay time for signal 0.00 s 0.00 to 32.00 s
transmission
5.12.2 Permissive Overreach Transfer (2200)

For pilot protection permissive overreach transfer schemes, the parameters are set in address
block 2200. The parameters for the echo keying function for pilot protection with distance
protection are also in address block 2200. This echo keying function works independently from
the echo keying function for directional comparison ground fault protection.
Table 5-20 lists the relay presettings and setting options available for the permissive overreach
transfer schemes. Compare these presettings to the information on the completed worksheets and
the new settings.
7804 TELEPROTEC. Type of pilot protection OVERREACH
July 27, 1995 5-35

Table 5-20. Pilot Protection Permissive Overreach Transfer Settings, Address Block 2200.
2201 POTT MODE Turn permissive overreach ON OFF
transfer trip on or off
2202 POTT MODE Transfer trip mode Z1B RELEASE · FD DIREC
RELEASE
· Z1B UNBLOCK
· FD UNBLOCK
· Z1B BLOCKING
· PILOT WIRE
COMP.
· REVERS
INTERLOCK
2203 T-TRANSBLO Transient blocking time after 0.05 s 0.01 to 32.00 s
an external fault—this time
must be longer than the
transmission time
2204 T-WAIT TB Waiting time before transient ¥s · 0.01 to 32.00 s
blocking with a missing · ¥
reception signal
2206 T-SEND-PRL Time duration for the 0.05 s 0.01 to 32.00 s
transmission signal
2210 POTT DirFD When the directional FORWARDS · REVERSE
comparison mode (FD DIREC · NON-
RELEASE) is selected at DIRECTIONAL
address 2202, this setting
indicates the effective direction
2212 T-SEND-DEL Transmission signal delay time 0.00 s 0.00 to 32.00 s
2220 ECHO Turn the echo keying function ON OFF
on or off
2221 T-ECHO-DEL Echo time delay 0.20 s · 0.01 - 32.00 s
· ¥
2222 T-ECHO-IMP Duration of echo impulse 0.05 s 0.02 - 32.00 s
2223 T-ECHO-BLO Echo blocking time 0.40 0.01 - 32.00 s
5.13 Emergency Overcurrent Protection (2600)

Address block 2600 consists of the settings required for the 7SA511 relay to act as an emergency
overcurrent protection device.
During emergency operation, the pilot protection function is disabled. It is possible, however, to
carry out automatic reclose in the emergency overcurrent protection mode. Refer to section 5.16
for details.
Table 5-21 lists the relay presettings and setting options available for emergency overcurrent
protection. Compare these presettings to the information on the completed worksheets and
5-36 July 27, 1995

the new settings.
7803 EMERG. O/C Emergency overcurrent EXIST
protection function
Table 5-21. Emergency Overcurrent Protection Settings

2601 EMERG. O/C Turn emergency overcurrent ON OFF
protection on or off
2603 I> phases Definite time pickup value for 1.00 I/In 0.10 - 4.00 I/In
phase currents
2604 T-I> phase Definite time trip delay for phase 1.50 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
currents · ¥
2605 I>> phases High-set pickup value for phase 2.00 I/In 0.50 - 9.99 I/In
currents
2606 T-I>> phas High-set trip delay for phase 0.30 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
currents · ¥
2608 I> earth Definite time pickup value for 0.20 I/In 0.10 - 4.00 I/In
ground currents
2609 T-I> earth Definite time trip delay for 0.30 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
ground currents · ¥
2610 MAN. CLOSE Select which overcurrent element I>> STAGE I> STAGE
(high-set or definite time) is
effective during manual close of
the circuit breaker
5.14 Ground Fault Protection for Ungrounded Systems (3000) (optional)

This section applies only for relay models 7SA511*-**A5*-1*** and only when the relay is used
in ungrounded networks (isolated or compensated neutral). Skip this section if the relay is used in
a grounded network.
Table 5-22 lists the relay presettings and setting options available for configuring ground fault
protection for ungrounded systems. Compare these presettings to the information on the
completed worksheets and determine which settings you need to change to match your operating
July 27, 1995 5-37

Addr. LCD Text Description Preset
7807 ISOL. E/F Ground fault detection for EXIST
ungrounded systems
1102 SYSTEMSTAR System neutral condition · COMPENSATED
· ISOLATED
Table 5-22. Settings for Ground Fault Protection for Ungrounded Systems
3001 EARTHFAULT Turn ground fault detection in ON OFF
ungrounded systems on or off
3002 Ue> Threshold value for ground fault 40 V 10 - 100 V
detection
3003 Uph< Phase-to-ground voltage below 40 V 10 - 100 V
which a ground fault is indicated
3004 Uph> Phase-to-ground voltage that 75 V 10 - 100 V
healthy phases will exceed during
a ground fault
3005 Ie> Threshold current value for 0.050 A 0.003 - 1.000 A
directional determination of the
ground fault
3006* CT ERR. I1 Secondary current for maximum 0.050 A 0.003 - 1.600 A
angle error of the CT
3007* CT ERR. F1 Error angle of CT at I1current set 0.0° 0.0 - 5.0°
in address 3006
3008* CT ERR. I2 Secondary current above which 1.000 A 0.003 - 1.600 A
the angle error is constant
3009* CT ERR. F2 Error angle of CT at I2 current 0.0° 0.0 - 5.0°
set in address 3008
3010 T-E/F Amount of time the displacement 1.0 s 1.00 - 320.00 s
voltage must exist before ground
fault pickup
5.15 High-Resistance Ground Fault Protection for Grounded Systems (Optional)

This section applies only to relay model numbers 7SA511*-**A5*-0/2**2/3. The type of high-
resistance ground fault protection to be used is programmed at address 7808 as part of the relay’s
Scope of Functions (see section 5.6). Skip this section if ground fault protection was programmed
as non-existing, or if your relay model number does not match the one above.
*
This parameter is not necessary for systems with an isolated neutral; however it is typically used for systems with
a compensated grounding.
5-38 July 27, 1995

Each type of high-resistance ground fault protection, listed below, is discussed separately in this
section.
· Directional, definite time overcurrent protection with nondirectional backup element.

The settings for this type of protection are in address block 3100.
· Directional, definite time overcurrent protection with directional comparison and
nondirectional backup element. The settings for this type of protection are in address
blocks 3100 and 3200.
· Nondirectional, inverse time overcurrent protection element. The settings for this type
of protection are in address block 3300.
The various high-resistance ground fault protection methods are described in detail in Reference
A, “Method of Operation.”
High-resistance ground fault protection for grounded systems can also work with the automatic
reclose function, when available. Refer to section 5.16 for information on programming the relay
for automatic reclose operations with high-resistance ground fault protection.
5.15.1 Directional Protection With Nondirectional Backup (3100)

For directional, definite time overcurrent protection with nondirectional backup, the parameters
are set in address block 3100. Table 5-23 lists the relay presettings and setting options available.
7808 EARTH FAULT Type of ground fault protection DIRECTIONAL D.T.
July 27, 1995 5-39

Table 5-23. Settings for Directional, Definite Time Overcurrent Protection With Nondirectional
Backup Element
3101 E/F D.T. Turn the ground fault definite ON OFF
time protection on or off
3103 Ie> Pickup value for ground 0.20 I/In 0.10 - 1.00 I/In
current detection
3104 Ue> Minimum displacement voltage 5.0 V 1.0 - 10.0 V
required for directional
determination
3106 T-DIRECT. Trip delay for directional 0.90 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
element · ¥
3107 DIRECTION Direction used for directional FORWARDS · REVERSE
determination · NON-
DIRECTIONAL
3108 T-NON-DIR. Trip delay time for 1.20 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
nondirectional backup element · ¥
3109 T-BLOCK Time duration during which 1.30 s 0.00 - 320.00 s
ground fault protection is
blocked when distance
protection has picked up
5.15.2 Directional Comparison Protection With Nondirectional Backup (3200)

For directional, definite time overcurrent protection with directional comparison and
nondirectional backup, the parameters are set in address block 3100, as discussed above, and in
address block 3200. The parameters for the echo keying function are also in address block 3200.
Table 5-24 lists the relay presettings and setting options available. Compare these presettings to
the information on the completed worksheets and determine which settings you need to change to
match your operating environment. When you have changed all of the necessary settings, follow
the procedure described in section 5.3.4 to save the new settings.
7808 EARTH FAULT Type of earth (ground) fault DIREC.
protection COMPARISON
3100 (See Table 5-23 above.)
block
5-40 July 27, 1995

Table 5-24. Settings for Directional, Definite Time Overcurrent Protection with Directional
Comparison and Nondirectional Backup Element
3105 T-DELAY Delay time for transmission and trip 0.00 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
· ¥
3201 E/F COMPAR Turn the ground fault definite time, ON OFF
directional comparison protection on
or off
3203 T-TRANSBLO Transient blocking time, which must 0.05 s 0.01 - 32.00 s
be longer than the transmission time
3204 T-WAIT TB Waiting time before initiating ¥s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
transient blocking with missing · ¥
reception signal
3210 E/F ECHO Turn the echo keying function on or ON OFF
off
3211 T-ECHO-DEL Echo time delay 0.20 s · 0.01 - 32.00 s
· ¥
3212 T-ECHO-IMP Duration of echo impulse 0.05 s 0.02 - 32.00 s
3213 T-ECHO-BLO Echo blocking time 0.40 s 0.01 - 32.00 s
5.15.3 Nondirectional, Inverse Time Overcurrent Protection (3300)

For nondirectional, inverse time overcurrent protection, the parameters are set in address block
3300. Table 5-25 lists the relay presettings and setting options available. Compare these
presettings to the information on the completed worksheets and determine which settings you
need to change to match your operating environment. When you have changed all of the
Addr. LCD Text Description Preset
7808 EARTH FAULT Type of earth (ground) fault protection INVERSE TIME
1102 SYSTEMSTAR System neutral condition SOLIDLY
EARTHED
Table 5-25. Settings for Nondirectional Inverse Time Overcurrent Protection

3301 E/F I.T. Turn the nondirectional, inverse time ON OFF
3302 E/F CHARAC Select inverse time characteristic NORMAL · VERY INVERSE
INVERSE · EXTREMELY
INVERS
3303 Ie> Pickup ground current value 0.20 I/In 0.10 - 4.00 I/In
3304 TIe> Trip delay time dial (multiplier) 0.50 s · 0.00 - 32.00 s
· ¥
3305 T-BLOCK Time during which ground fault 1.30 s 0.00 - 320.00 s
protection is blocked when distance
protection has picked up
July 27, 1995 5-41

5.16 Automatic Reclose (Optional)

This section applies only to relays equipped with the optional automatic reclose (AR) function,
model numbers 7SA511*-**A5*-**B/C/F/G*. Skip this section if your relay does not have this
function. Automatic reclose is effective only if configured as existing at address 7810 (see section
5.6).
The relay can be ordered either with three-pole automatic reclose (single- and multi-shot, model
7SA511*-**A5*- **B/F*) or for all modes of automatic reclose (single-pole, three-pole, single-
and three-pole, single- and multi-shot, model 7SA511*-**A5*-**C/G*). If the relay model
configuration is for three-pole automatic reclose only, then only those parameters are available
which relate to this automatic reclose program.
There are two address blocks used to configure automatic reclose.
· The device configuration parameters in address block 7900 include settings for how the
automatic reclose function works with other relay protection functions.
· Address block 3400 consists of the specific settings required for automatic reclose in the
7SA511 relay.
7810 INTERNAL AR Internal automatic reclose function EXIST
5.16.1 Device Configuration for Automatic Reclose (7900)

Table 5-26 lists the relay presettings and setting options available for automatic reclose device
configuration. Compare these presettings to the information on the completed worksheets and
the new settings.
Table 5-26. Device Configuration Automatic Reclose Settings

Addr. LCD Text Description Preset Option
7902 AR w/ DIST. Indicates whether or not automatic YES NO
reclose works with distance protection
7903 AR w/ O/C Indicates whether or not automatic YES NO
reclose works with emergency
overcurrent protection
7904 AR w/o TELE Indicates if automatic reclose works YES NO
when signal transmission is distorted
or switched off
7906 AR w/ E/F Indicates if automatic reclose works YES NO
with ground fault protection in
grounded systems
5-42 July 27, 1995

Note: Address number 7910 indicates how the circuit breaker test via binary input is carried out
and is discussed, therefore, in Chapter 7 “Commissioning the Relay.”
5.16.2 Automatic Reclose Function Settings (3400)

Table 5-27 lists the relay presettings and the setting options available for automatic reclose
operation. Compare these presettings to the information on the completed worksheets and
the new settings.
Terminology:
RAR Rapid Automatic Reclose, or first AR cycle
DAR Delayed Automatic Reclose, or further cycles (shots), after the first
Table 5-27. Automatic Reclose Function Settings

3401 AR FUNCT Turn the automatic reclose function on ON OFF
or off
3402 AR BLO REV Indicate whether or not automatic YES NO
reclose will be blocked when a fault in
the reverse direction is tripped
3405 T-RECLAIM Reclaim time after the AR cycle 3.00 s 0.50 - 320.00 s
3406 T-CLOSE Set the maximum duration of the 1.00 s 0.01 - 320.00 s
closing command
3407 T-MAN. CLOS Reclaim time after the circuit breaker is 1.00 s 0.50 - 320.00 s
manually closed
3412 RAR PROG. Select the automatic reclose program THREE-POLE · SINGLE-POLE
for the first reclose cycle (RAR)—this ·
setting is dependent on the relay model SINGLE/T

HREE-POL
3413 RAR ZONE Select the distance protection zone to Z1B Z1
be used for the RAR cycle
3414 RAR T-ACT. Action time for the RAR (first AR) 0.20 s 0.01 - 320.00 s
cycle—if trip signal is issued after this
time period, the AR function is blocked
3415 RAR T-3POL Dead time for a three-pole RAR cycle, 0.50 s 0.01 - 320.00 s
3416 RAR T-1POL Dead time for a single-pole RAR cycle, 1.20 s 0.01 - 320.00 s
3418* EV. F. RECOG Select how evolving faults are BY FAULT BY TRIP
recognized (applicable only to single DETEC. COMMAND
pole AR)
3419* EV. F. BLOCK Select how evolving faults are handled ALWAYS · NEVER
- always blocked; never blocked; · >T-DISCR.
blocked after the time period set in
address 3420
3420* T-DISCR. Discrimination time for evolving faults 0.10 s 0.01 - 320.00 s
when address 3419 is set to >T-DISCR.
*
This parameter is only used with single-pole reclose.
July 27, 1995 5-43


3432 DAR PROG. Select DAR program - only after an DAR AFTER · DAR WITHOUT
unsuccessful RAR cycle; without prior RAR RAR
RAR; no DAR · WITHOUT DAR
3433 DAR SHOTS Number of permissible DAR cycles 0 0-9

(does not include the RAR)
3434 DAR BLOCK Specify Z1 trip delay when DAR is Z1: T1 Z1: T1B
blocked
3435 DAR T-ACT. Action time for DAR 0.20 s 0.01 - 320.00 s
3436 DAR T-3POL Dead time for DAR 0.80 s 0.01 - 320.00 s
5.17 Fault Location Settings (3800)

Address block 3800 consists of the settings required for determining the location of a fault. The
settings include selecting how fault location is initiated, the length of the line, and the reactance
per-unit-length. For relays equipped with parallel line compensation (model number 7SA511*-
**A5*-2***), you also indicate at address 3805 that parallel line compensation is effective. See
Reference E, “Setting Calculations,” for detailed information on determining the fault location
settings and for the prerequisites required for the parallel line compensation application.
Table 5-28 lists the relay presettings and the setting options available for fault location. Compare
these presettings to the information on the completed worksheets and determine which settings
you need to change to match your operating environment. When you have changed all of the
7805 FAULT LOCAT. Fault location function EXIST
Table 5-28. Fault Location Settings

3802 START Select how fault location is initiated TRIP DROP-OFF or TRIP
COMMAND
3803* X SEC Reactance value of the line, per unit 0.500 W/km 0.010 - 5.000 W/km
line length, as a secondary value
related to 1 A.
3804* LINE LENGTH Total length of the line 100.00 km 1.00 - 550.00 km
3805 PARAL.LINE Indicate whether or not parallel line NO YES
compensation is effective
* Although the LCD will always display the unit of length as kilometers, the per-unit-length values may
be specified as miles as long as both parameters(3803 and 3804) are specified consistently. Reference
E, “Setting Calculations” provides details on calculating secondary values from primary values.
5-44 July 27, 1995

5.18 Turning the Relay Functions On and Off

As discussed in section 5.6, “Relay Scope of Functions (7800),” you must program the relay to
recognize the various operating and protection functions as existing or non-existing. In addition to
those settings, the 7SA511 relay allows certain functions to be turned on or off manually or via
binary inputs.
With the relay operating, for example, you may need to turn a function on or off under specific
conditions such as turning off the pilot protection function during maintenance or repair of the
transmission medium, or turning off the automatic reclose system when a transfer bus is being
used.
Table 5-29 identifies all of the On/Off functions available in the 7SA511 relay and shows which
section of this manual discusses the actual function.
Table 5-29. Relay Functions that can be Turned On and Off.

Addr. LCD Text Function See Section
1201 DIST.PROT. Distance protection 5.10
2101 PUTT MODE Permissive underreach transfer trip mode for distance 5.12.1
protection
2201 POTT MODE Permissive overreach transfer trip mode for distance 5.12.2
protection—when turned off, echo keying function (2220) is
also turned off
2220 ECHO Echo keying function for pilot protection with distance 5.12.2
protection—this is turned off if POTT mode (2201) is turned
off
2601 EMERG. O/C Emergency overcurrent protection 5.13
2801 FAULT REC. Waveform capture 5.5
2910 FUSE-FAIL Fuse failure monitor 5.9.2
3001 EARTH FAULT Ground fault detection for ungrounded systems 5.14
3101 E/F D.T. High-resistance ground fault protection for grounded 5.15.1
systems—directional, definite time with nondirectional
backup element
3201 E/F COMPAR Directional comparison ground fault protection for grounded 5.15.2
systems—this function is turned off with high-resistance
ground fault, directional definite time protection (3101)
3210 E/F ECHO Echo keying function for directional comparison ground fault 5.15.2
protection—this function is turned off with high-resistance
ground fault, directional definite time protection (3101)
3301 E/F I.T. High-resistance ground fault protection for grounded 5.15.3
systems—nondirectional, inverse time element
3401 AR FUNCT Internal automatic reclose function 5.16.2
On/off control may be accomplished through the operator panel, the front serial port, and the
binary inputs. Refer to Reference E, “Setting Calculations” for detailed information on how on/off
control works and how binary inputs must be configured to turn functions on and off.
July 27, 1995 5-45

5.19 Configuration Settings (6000)

The configuration settings tell the relay what action to take and how. Configuration is the process
of assigning one or more logical functions to each of the physical input/output (I/O) units. The
relay has a large number of predefined logical functions. Each logical function has a unique three
digit function number (FNo) assigned to it. A complete list of logical functions that can be
configured is provided in Reference G, “Input/Output Functions,” in function number order.
If you change any of the configuration settings, the relay microprocessor will automatically reset
and restart after the new settings are saved.
5.19.1 Procedure for Configuring the Logical Functions

To make configuration changes, the relay must be placed in programming mode using the
password as described in section 5.3.2. Follow this example procedure to configure an I/O unit in
the 7SA511 relay.
Note: There are two qualifiers on the functions assigned to for binary inputs (NO and
NC) and LED indicators (n and nm). Refer to sections 5.19.3 and 5.19.5,
respectively, for further instructions on selecting the correct mode of operation.
1. Select the address number of the I/O unit you want to configure and enter the relay password
(see section 5.3.2). The display will appear similar to this example, which shows address
number 6204.
6204zSIGNAL
RELAY 4
2. Press the F key. An “F” will display over the solid bar following the address number in the
display.
3. Press the key to complete the change to the function selection level. The address number in
the display is replaced with a 3 digit index number 001, which is automatically assigned to the
first function. As shown in the example below, the second line of the display contains an
abbreviated description of the assigned function.
001zRELAY 4
>VT mcb Trip
5-46 July 27, 1995

4. There are two ways to assign a function to an I/O unit.
(1) Entering the function number.

a. Enter the function number (FNo) using the numeric keys. The function number being
entered displays in line 2 as shown in the example below.
001zRELAY 4
121
b. Press Enter. The description of the function displays in line 2 as shown in the example
below.
001z RELAY 4
FAILURE 24V
c. Save the new setting(s) as instructed in section 5.3.4.
(2) Scrolling through the list of available functions using the No and Back Space keys.
a. Repeatedly press the No key to page forward, or the Back Space key to page
backward, until the description of the function you want is displayed (see example
display in Step 1.b above).
b. Press Enter.
c. Save the new setting(s) as instructed in section 5.3.4.
5. Press the key to go to the index number sequence. The next function assignment will
display with index number 002 as shown below.
002z RELAY 4
FAILURE SI
6. Press the or key to page up and down through the index number sequence. If an index
number is accessed for which no function has been assigned, the second line displays “not
allocated” as shown below.
010z RELAY 4
not allocated
July 27, 1995 5-47

5.19.2 Presettings
Table 5-30 below identifies the configuration presettings for each of the I/O units. Compare these
settings to the data on the completed worksheets to see which settings you need to change.
Table 5-30. Configuration Presettings.

Addr. I/O Unit Index No. LCD Text (2nd line) FNo
6101 Binary Input 1 001 >Reset LED NO 006
6102 Binary Input 2 001 >VT mcb Trip NO 014
6103 Binary Input 3 001 >CB Aux. Cont NO 012
6104 Binary Input 4 001 >Manual Close NO 011
6105 Binary Input 5 001 >Dist. Recept NO 082
6106 Binary Input 6 001 >Dist. RecFail NO 081
6107* Binary Input 7 001 >CB ready NO 074
6108* Binary Input 8 001 >AR block NO 071
6109* Binary Input 9 001 >AR ON NO 041
6110* Binary Input 10 001 >AR OFF NO 042
6201 Signal Relay 1 001 Dist. Send 571
6202* Signal Relay 2 001 AR inoperativ 805
6203* Signal Relay 3 001 CB Alarm Supp 835
6204 Signal Relay 4 001 >VT mcb Trip 014
002 Failure SI 151
003 Failure SUp-e 152
004 Failure SUp-p 153
005 Failure Isymm 154
006 Failure Usymm 155
007 Failure Umeas 156
008 Fuse-Failure 157
009 Fail.PhaseSeq 159
6205 Signal Relay 5 001 Dev. operative 101
6206 Signal Relay 6 001 Device Trip 251
6207 Signal Relay 7 001 Dist.Fault L1 352
002 O/C Fault L1 623
6210 Signal Relay 10 001 Dist.EarthFlt 355
002 O/C Fault E 626
6211 Signal Relay 11 001 Reverse Direc 357
*
This preset configuration is only true when the relay has the internal automatic reclose function and the function
is programmed as existing under address 7810.
5-48 July 27, 1995

6301 LED 1 001 >VT mcb Trip nm 014
002 Failure SI nm 151
003 Failure SUp-e nm 152
004 Failure SUp-p nm 153
005 Failure Isymm nm 154
006 Failure Usymm nm 155
007 Failure Umeas nm 156
008 Fuse-Failure nm 157
009 Fail.PhaseSeq nm 159
6302 LED 2 001 Dist.Fault L1 m 352
002 O/C Fault L1 m 623
002 O/C Fault L2 m 624
002 O/C Fault L3 .m 625
6305 LED 5 001 Dist.EarthFlt m 355
002 O/C Fault E m 626
6306* LED 6 001 AR not ready nm 806
6307 LED 7 001 T1 expired m 361
002 T-I>> expired m 628
6308 LED 8 001 T2 expired m 362
6309 LED 9 001 T3 expired m 363
6310 LED 10 001 T4 expired m 364
6311 LED 11 001 T5 expired m 365
002 T-I> expired m 629
6312 LED 12 001 Dev. Trip L1 m 252
6313 LED 13 001 Dev. Trip L2 m 253
6314 LED 14 001 Dev. Trip L3 m 254
6401* Trip Relay 1 001 Reclose 851
6402 Trip Relay 2 001 Dist.Gen.Flt. 351
002 O/C Gen. Fault 621
003 E/F Fault I> 761
6403 Trip Relay 3 001 O/S Trip 531
002 Dis.Trip L1 481
003 Dis.Trip L123 493
004 O/C Trip L1 652
005 O/C Trip L123 655
006 E/F Trip -> 781
007 E/F Trip <-> 782
008 CB Test L1 881
009 CB Test L123 884
*
This preset configuration is only true when the relay has the internal automatic reclose function and the function
is programmed as existing under address 7810.
July 27, 1995 5-49

002 Dis.Trip L2 483
003 Dis.Trip L123 493
004 O/C Trip L2 653
005 O/C Trip L123 655
006 E/F Trip -> 781
007 E/F Trip <-> 782
008 CB Test L2 882
009 CB Test L123 884
002 Dis.Trip L3 487
003 Dis.Trip L123 493
004 O/C Trip L3 654
005 O/C Trip L123 655
006 E/F Trip -> 781
007 E/F Trip <-> 782
008 CB Test L3 883
009 CB Test L123 884
Note: The presets for Binary Inputs 5 and 6, and Signal Relay 1 implement the pilot
protection interface.
5.19.3 Binary Inputs (6100)

The configuration settings for the binary inputs are in address block 6100. The 7SA511 relay has
ten binary inputs. Up to 10 logical functions can be assigned to each binary input. Refer to the
completed worksheets to see if you need to change a binary input function.
For each input function, you can specify whether the function will operate in the Normally Open
(NO) or Normally Closed (NC) mode. All preset input assignments are set to operate in Normally
Open mode, which means a voltage applied to the input terminals activates the function. Normally
Closed mode means a normally present voltage removed from the terminals activates the function.
When paging through the available functions in the selection level using the No or Back Space
keys, the abbreviated description shown in the LCD is followed by an NO or NC indication, which
changes from one to the other when the No or Back Space key is pressed. In this way, the desired
mode can be selected when the paging method is used.
When entering the function number directly, the function number can be extended by a 0 or 1
where
.0 indicates normally open (NO) mode
.1 indicates normally closed (NC) mode
If the extension is omitted, the function display defaults to NO. This can be changed to NC by
pressing the No or Backspace key then pressing Enter to select.
5-50 July 27, 1995

5.19.4 Signal Relays (6200)

The signal relays are configured in address block 6200. The 7SA511 relay has 11 programmable
signal relays. Up to 20 logical functions can be assigned to each signal relay. Refer to the
completed worksheets to see if you need to change a signal relay function.
5.19.5 LED Indicators (6300)

The LED indicators are configured in address block 6300. The 7SA511 relay has 14
programmable LEDs. Up to 20 logical functions can be assigned to each programmable LED
indicator. Refer to the completed worksheets to see if you need to change a LED function.
For each LED function, you can specify whether the function will operate in the latched (m) or
unlatched (nm) mode.
When paging through the available functions in the selection level using the No or Back Space
keys, the abbreviated description shown in the LCD is followed by an m (for memorized) or nm
(for not memorized) indication, which changes from one to the other when the No or Back Space
key is pressed. In this way, the desired mode can be selected when the paging method is used.
When entering the function number directly, the function number can be extended by a 0 or 1
where
.0 indicates unlatched (nm) mode
.1 indicates latched (m) mode
If the extension is omitted, the function display defaults to nm. This can be changed to m by
pressing the No or Backspace key then pressing Enter to select.
5.19.6 Trip Relays (6400)

The trip relays are configured in address block 6400. The 7SA511 relay has five trip relays. Up to
10 logical functions can be assigned to each trip relay. Refer to the completed worksheets to see if
you need to change a trip relay function.
July 27, 1995 5-51

5-52 July 27, 1995

Displaying System and Relay Information
Table of Contents
6. Displaying System and Relay Information.............................................................................6-3

6.1 Using the Operator Panel to Display Information............................................................6-3
6.2 Event Log (5100) ...........................................................................................................6-4
6.2.1 Storage and Display Description..............................................................................6-5
6.2.2 Event Log Messages................................................................................................6-5
6.3 Target Log for All Systems (5200, 5300, and 5400) .......................................................6-8
6.3.1 Storage and Display Description..............................................................................6-8
6.3.2 Example System Fault Messages..............................................................................6-9
6.3.3 Target Log Messages ............................................................................................ 6-11
6.4 Data Log for Ground Faults in Ungrounded Systems (5500) (Optional)........................6-13
6.4.1 Storage and Display Description............................................................................ 6-13
6.4.2 Isolated Ground Fault Data Log Messages............................................................. 6-14
6.5 Circuit Breaker Operation Statistics (5600) ..................................................................6-14
6.6 Reading the Measured Values....................................................................................... 6-15
6.6.1 Operational Measured Values (5700)..................................................................... 6-15
6.6.2 Ground Fault Measured Values in Ungrounded Systems (5800) (Optional)............6-16
6.7 Waveform Capture ....................................................................................................... 6-17
List of Figures
Figure 6-1. Waveform Capture Display Example................................................................... 6-18
July 27, 1995 6-1

7SA511 Line Protection Relay Displaying System and Relay Information
6-2 July 27, 1995

6. Displaying System and Relay Information

This chapter describes the system and relay information available and tells you how to use the
relay’s operator panel to display the information. When prompted, the operator panel LCD can
display the following information:
· Event log for the relay during normal and fault conditions
· Target log for the last three network faults
· Target log for the last three ground faults in ungrounded systems
· Measured values of the protected system (in grounded and ungrounded systems)
· Circuit breaker operation statistics
The system and relay information is also accessible using analysis software if the relay is
connected to a PC through the front port. In addition, you can also display actual waveforms of
the last fault record when DIGSI® analysis software is used on a PC and the relay is programmed
for waveform capture (see section 5.5).
Table 6-1 lists the address blocks and descriptions that are used to display the system and relay
information. The relay password is not required to display relay data.
Table 6-1. Address Blocks Used to Display System and Relay Information.
Addr. Description
5100 Event log. The relay stores the last 50 messages that displayed.
5200 Target history for the last (most recent) fault.
5300 Target history for the second to last fault.
5400 Target history for the third to last fault.
5500 Ground fault target history for relay models with ground fault detection for
ungrounded systems (model number 7SA511*-**A5*-1***).
5600 Circuit breaker operation statistics.
5700 Measured phase and neutral currents, voltages, and apparent power of the
protected system.
5800 Ground fault measured values for relay models with ground fault detection for
ungrounded systems (model number 7SA511*-**A5*-1***).
The tables in this chapter identify, by address block, all of the messages and values available for
display on the LCD. Whether or not some information can be displayed is dependent on the model
and configuration of the individual relay. The last section in this chapter discusses the waveform
capture feature.
6.1 Using the Operator Panel to Display Information

All of the messages available for display in the operator panel LCD are within address block 5000.
Press the Event key to go directly to address block 5000. You can then use the navigation keys to
July 27, 1995 6-3

go to address blocks 5100, 5200, etc. You may also use the Direct Addr. key to view any log
address.
5000z
ANNUNCIATIONS
Annunciation refers to the process of activating the various relay outputs when an event occurs.
Messages that appear on the operator panel LCD are also called annunciations in this manual.
The following procedure uses the Event key and the navigation keys to access and display
information. Refer to section 5.3.1, “Selecting an Address,” for information on using the Direct
Addr key to access information.
To display the information you want to review, follow this procedure:
1. Press the Event key. Address block 5000 appears in the display as shown above.
2. Press the key until the address block of annunciations that you want to review is
displayed as shown in the example below:
5100zOPERATIONAL
ANNUNCIATIONS
3. Press the key to display the first entry in the list you are viewing. The example
below shows how the event log message appears when the relay is operating in
emergency overcurrent mode.
11/02/94 09:03
Emerg. Mode :C
4. Press the or key to move up or down in the list you are viewing.
5. When you are finished reading the information, press the or key to go to
another address block. Information is not updated when the address block is active.
6.2 Event Log (5100)

The Event Log consists of operational and status messages chronologically listed under address
5100, starting with the most recent message. Table 6-2 identifies the available messages. Event
log messages include pickup and drop-out of enabled protections and alarms, activation and
deactivation of binary inputs, signal outputs, trips, relay diagnostics, and other relay operational
information.
6-4 July 27, 1995

6.2.1 Storage and Display Description

Up to 50 messages can be stored in the event log. After all 50 memory locations are filled,
additional messages replace the oldest messages in sequence. When paging through the stored
messages, if more than 50 messages have been stored, “Table overflow” is displayed in the last
message slot. Otherwise, “End of table” will appear as the last valid message.
For event log messages, the first line of the display always gives the date and time of the event
(see example below). The time is given to the nearest minute, but the events are sorted (placed in
the order of occurrence) with 1 millisecond resolution. The second line of the display gives the
event description as listed in Table 6-2. Each event description may be followed by a C or G tag.
The C tag (Coming) indicates the message was logged at pickup (see example below). The G tag
(Going) indicates the message was logged at drop-out.
11/02/94 11:15
Param. Set C :C
6.2.2 Event Log Messages

The operational and status messages in the event log fall into four different categories.
1. Binary Inputs - events associated with changes on the binary inputs.

2. General - operational events not associated with another specific category.
3. Monitoring functions - events associated with the internal relay monitoring functions (see
Reference B, “Hardware & Software”).
4. Relay protection functions and optional features - operational events associated with
distance protection, pilot protection, emergency overcurrent protection, power swing
block/trip, high-resistance ground fault protection, and automatic reclose functions.
Only messages consistent with your relay configuration and options will appear in the display. See
Chapter 8, “Maintenance,” for information on how to erase messages in the event log.
Table 6-2. Possible Event Log Messages

LCD Text (2nd line) Description Possible Tag
Binary Inputs
>Start FltRec Start waveform capture from external command via binary input C/G
>Start FltLoc Start fault location from external command via binary input C/G
>VT mcb Trip Voltage transformer secondary m.c.b. has tripped C/G
>Annunc. 1 User-defined annunciation 1 has been received C/G
>Start AR Start internal automatic reclose C
>Trip L1 AR Trip pole 1 via internal automatic reclose C
>Trip L2 AR Trip pole 2, via internal automatic reclose C
>Trip L3 AR Trip pole 3 via internal automatic reclose C
>Extens. Z1B Change distance measurement to overreach zone Z1B C
July 27, 1995 6-5


>1pole Trip External automatic reclose device is ready for single-pole trip C
>1pole only External automatic reclose device is ready for single-pole C/G
reclose only
>I>> block High-set (I>>) element of emergency overcurrent protection is C
blocked
>DAR block. Delayed automatic reclose (DAR, 2nd and further shots) is C/G
blocked
>Dist. RecFail Carrier reception for pilot protection with distance protection is C/G
faulty
>Dist. Recept Carrier signal for pilot protection with distance protection has C
been received
>E/F Rec. Fail Carrier reception for directional comparison ground fault C/G
protection is faulty
>E/F Recept Carrier signal for directional comparison ground fault C
protection has been received
General
Re-start Microprocessor has been reset and restarted C
SystemFlt A system fault has been detected—see detailed information in C
the appropriate target log (address blocks 5200, 5300, and 5400)
E/F Detec In ungrounded systems, a ground fault has been detected—see C/G
detailed information under address 5500, “ISOLATED EARTH
FLT DATA”
LED reset Stored LED indications have been reset C
Flt. Rec. OFF Waveform capture is turned off C/G
Param.Running Parameters are being set, i.e., the relay is in programming mode C/G
Manual Close Circuit breaker has been manually closed C
CB in Test Circuit breaker test is in progress C/G
Param. Set A Parameter set A is active C/G
Param. Set B Parameter set B is active C/G
Param. Set C Parameter set C is active C/G
Param. Set D Parameter set D is active C/G
Monitoring Functions
Failure 24V Failure in 24 volt internal power supply C/G
Failure 0V Failure in 0 volt internal offset for A/D converters C/G
Failure GEA Failure in basic input/output module GEA C/G
Failure ZEA Failure in additional input/output module ZEA C/G
Annunc. Lost A message table has overflowed C
Flt.Buff.Over Fault message table has overflowed C
E/F Buff.Over Fault message table for ground fault detection in ungrounded C
systems has overflowed
Flt.Flag Over Fault flag buffer has overflowed C
Oper.Ann.Inva Operational messages are invalid C/G
Flt.Ann.Inval Fault messages are invalid C/G
E/F Prot.Inva Messages for ground fault detection in ungrounded systems are C/G
invalid
Stat.Buff.Inv Circuit breaker operation statistics are invalid C/G
LED Buff.Inva Stored LED indications are invalid C/G
6-6 July 27, 1995


Failure SI Failure detected by measured current sum monitor C/G
Failure SUp-e Failure detected by measured voltage sum monitor, phase- C/G
ground voltage
Failure SUp-p Failure detected by measured voltage sum monitor, phase-phase C/G
voltage
Failure Isymm Failure detected by measured current symmetry monitor C/G
Failure Usymm Failure detected by measured voltage symmetry monitor C/G
Failure Umeas Loss of measured voltages C/G
FFM pick-up Fuse failure monitor has picked up C/G
Fail. PhaseSeq Failure detected by phase sequence monitor C/G
Chs.Error Check sum error detected in memory C/G
Chs.S1 Error Check sum error detected in parameter set A—operation with C/G
this set is not possible
Chs.S2 Error Check sum error detected in parameter set B—operation with C/G
Chs.S3 Error Check sum error detected in parameter set C—operation with C/G
Chs.S4 Error Check sum error detected in parameter set D—operation with C/G
Distance Protection, Pilot Protection, & Emergency Overcurrent Protection
Dist. Off Distance protection is turned off C/G
Dist. blocked Distance protection is blocked C/G
Tele off Pilot protection function with distance protection is turned off C/G
Dist.Rec.Flt Reception signal for pilot protection with distance protection is C/G
faulty
Dist. Echo Echo signal for pilot protection with distance protection has C
been transmitted
Emerg. Mode Emergency overcurrent protection mode is effective; therefore, C/G
distance protection is ineffective
Power Swing Function
Power Swing A power swing is detected C/G
O/S Trip An out-of-step trip signal due to power swing detection has been C
issued
Ground Fault Protection
E/F Prot. off For grounded systems, ground fault protection is turned off C/G
E/F Echo For grounded systems, echo signal for directional comparison C
ground fault protection has been transmitted
>E/F Rec. Fail For grounded systems, reception signal for directional C/G
comparison ground fault protection is faulty
E/F det. OFF For ungrounded systems, ground fault detection is turned off C/G
Automatic Reclose Function
AR off Automatic reclose function is turned off C/G
AR inoperativ Automatic reclose cannot be initiated C/G
Circuit Breaker Test Function
CB Test L1 Trip single-pole 1 by internal CB test function C
CB Test L123 Trip three-pole has occurred by internal CB test function C
July 27, 1995 6-7


Table Status
End of table Follows last stored message if the table is not full
Table overflow Last valid message if more than 50 messages are stored
Table empty No event recorded (displayed in all unused addresses)
6.3 Target Log for All Systems (5200, 5300, and 5400)
Addresses 5200, 5300, and 5400 contain the Target Log for the last three faults. This record is
called a target log because all of these faults can potentially result in a trip command being issued
to a target circuit breaker. Fault information is recorded sequentially from the most recent fault
(5200) to the “oldest” fault (5400)--the oldest fault data is erased when the next fault occurs.
5200zLAST
FAULT
5300z2nd TO LAST
FAULT
5400z3rd TO LAST
FAULT

Beginning at address 5200, 5300, or 5400, a sequence of messages provides a chronological
review of all the events that occur from the initial detection of the fault until the fault is cleared
and the relay returns to a normal no-fault condition (drop-out). Each system fault is counted, and
the first target log entry message displays the fault number as recorded since the relay memory
was last cleared.
Up to 80 messages can be stored for each of the three recorded faults. If more than 80
annunciations occur, the messages for those beyond 80 are not stored and the annunciations are
lost.
Each message is identified by a sequence number in the first three character positions of the LCD
(see example below). The first message, 001, displays the date of the fault in the first line of the
LCD. The second line displays the message “System Flt” followed by the consecutive fault
number.
Sequence Date fault occurred

Number
001z11/02/94
System Flt 65 Fault Number
Event
Message
6-8 July 27, 1995

The second message, 002, displays the time the fault event began including milliseconds. The
second line contains the message “Fault.”
Sequence Time fault began (24

Number hour format)
002z10:23:33.223
Fault :C
Event
Message
Subsequent display messages will indicate all relay events that occur after initial detection of the
fault until drop-out. Each message includes the elapsed time from initial detection (message 002)
in milliseconds. Some messages may be followed by a C tag, which indicates the event is logged at
pickup (see above example). The next section in this chapter gives a complete example of
messages displayed following a system fault.
If your relay is equipped with the automatic reclose function and an automatic reclose occurs,
then the system fault is finished when the last reset time expires whether or not the automatic
reclose is successful. Thus, the total fault clearance procedure inclusive of automatic reclose
cycles occupies only one fault record.
6.3.2 Example System Fault Messages

In the following display examples, the fault is identified as a distance protection fault detection in
phase 1 and neutral, resulting in a three-pole trip command being issued 6 milliseconds after the
fault was detected. Messages 001 and 002 are repeated, from the previous section, for your
convenience.
Date the fault was detected and the fault number:
001z11/02/94
System Flt 65
Time of fault detection:
002z10:23:33.223
Fault :C
July 27, 1995 6-9

Distance protection fault detection in phase 1 and neutral:
003z0 ms
Flt.Dist.L1E :C
At 6 milliseconds after the fault was detected, distance protection issues a three-pole trip
command.
004z6 ms
Dis.Trip L123:C
At 115 milliseconds after the fault was detected, the breaker opened and successfully cleared the
fault.
005z115 ms
Dev. Drop-off:C
The next three messages identify the faulted line loop, and the distance to the fault in units-of-
length and as a percentage of the total line length.
006z115 ms
FL Loop L1E
007z
d =16.0 km
008z
d =63 %
6-10 July 27, 1995

6.3.3 Target Log Messages

Table 6-3 lists all of the available fault messages. These messages fall into the following
categories:
· General faults
· Distance protection faults
· Emergency overcurrent protection faults
· Fault location messages
· High-resistance ground fault protection faults
· Internal automatic reclose issue of the reclose command
Chapter 8, “Maintenance,” for information on how to erase the target log records.
Table 6-3. Possible Target Log Messages

LCD Text (2nd line) Description
General
System Flt nn System fault with consecutive number nn
Fault Beginning of the fault
IL1/In=nnn.nn Interrupted fault current ratio on phase 1
Dev. Drop-off Return to no-fault conditions
Distance Protection
Flt.Dist.L1 Fault detection in phase 1
Flt.Dist.L1E Fault detection in phase 1 and ground
Flt.Dist.L12 Fault detection in phases 1 and 2
Flt.Dist.L12E Fault detection in phases 1 and 2 and ground
Flt.Dist.L123 Fault detection in phases 1, 2 and 3
Flt.DistL123E Fault detection in phases 1, 2, and 3 and ground
Loop Lp-n Line loop used for fault detection measurements/calculations - p = 1, 2, or 3. n =
1, 2,,3, or E.
Reverse Direc Fault detected in reverse direction
Dis.Trip Revs Trip on fault in reverse direction has occurred
Dis.Trip L1 Single-pole trip on phase 1 by distance protection
Dis.Trip L123 Three-pole trip by distance protection
>Dist. Recept Carrier reception for pilot protection with distance protection
Dist. Send Carrier signal sent for pilot protection with distance protection
July 27, 1995 6-11


Dist.TransBlo Transient blocking function of distance protection has operated
Emergency Overcurrent Protection
O/C Fault E Ground fault detection
Flt. O/C L1 Emergency overcurrent fault detection in phase 1
Flt. O/C L1E Emergency overcurrent fault detection in phase 1 and ground
Flt. O/C L12 Emergency overcurrent fault detection in phases 1 and 2
Flt. O/C L12E Emergency overcurrent fault detection in phases 1 and 2 and ground
Flt. O/C L123 Emergency overcurrent fault detection in phases 1 and 2 and 3
Flt. O/C L123E Emergency overcurrent fault detection in phases 1 and 2 and 3 and ground
O/C Trip L1 Single-pole trip in phase 1 by emergency overcurrent protection
O/C Trip L123 Three-pole trip by emergency overcurrent protection
Fault Location
Fault Locat. nn “nn” is the line loop from which fault data has been calculated
Rpri= nn.nn W Calculated fault resistance in ohms
Xpri= nn.nn W Calculated fault reactance in ohms
d = km Calculated fault distance in kilometers
d [%] = Calculated fault distance in percent of line length
High-Resistance Ground Fault Protection in Grounded Systems
E/F Fault I> Fault detection ground fault protection IE> element (valid for directional
determination and transmission)
E/F Fault I>> Fault detection ground fault protection IE>> element (valid for trip release)
E/F Trip -> Trip by directional ground fault protection (definite time) or nondirectional
backup element
E/F Trip <-> Trip by nondirectional ground fault protection (inverse time overcurrent)
>E/F Recept Directional comparison ground fault protection, carrier signal received
E/F Send Directional comparison ground fault protection, carrier signal transmitted
E/F TransBloc Transient blocking function of directional ground fault protection has operated
Automatic Reclose
Reclose Internal automatic reclose command has been issued
Table Status
Table overflow Last valid message if more than 80 messages are stored
Table empty No event recorded (displayed in all unused addresses)
Table superseded * A new fault occurred during read-out of data
* Following display of this message, pressing either the or key will cause the first message for the new
fault to be displayed.
6-12 July 27, 1995

6.4 Data Log for Ground Faults in Ungrounded Systems (5500) (Optional)
Address block 5500, shown below, is used to store the data log for the last three ground faults in
ungrounded systems (model number 7SA511*-**A5-*-1***). Skip this section if your relay has a
different model number.
5500zISOLATED
EARTH FLT DATA
Fault information is recorded sequentially from the most recent fault (sequence numbers beginning
with 001) to the “oldest” fault (sequence numbers beginning with 201)--the oldest ground fault
data is erased when the next ground fault occurs.

With address block 5500 displayed, press the key to display the data log for ground faults in
ungrounded systems. A series of messages provide the pertinent data for the ground faults.
Each message is identified by a sequence number in the first three character positions of the LCD.
001z10/31/94
E/F Detec 12
· Sequence numbers beginning with digit 0 are assigned to messages for the most recent ground
fault (see above example).
· Sequence numbers beginning with digit 1 are assigned to messages for the second to last
ground fault.
· Sequence numbers beginning with digit 2 are assigned to messages for the third to last ground
fault.
The first message within a sequence--001, 101, or 201--displays the date of the fault in the first
line of the LCD as shown above. The second line displays the message “E/F Detect” followed by
the consecutive ground fault number.
The second message within a sequence--002, 102, or 202--displays the time the ground fault
began.
002z10:43:57
E/F Detection :C
Subsequent display messages provide all the applicable data for the fault. The “End of table”
message will display in the second line of the LCD to indicate there are no more messages for
each of the three reports. Press the key to display the messages for the next report.
July 27, 1995 6-13

6.4.2 Isolated Ground Fault Data Log Messages

Table 6-4 lists all of the available messages for ground fault detection in ungrounded systems.
Chapter 8, “Maintenance,” for information on how to erase the message buffer.
Table 6-4. Possible Messages for Ground Fault Data Log

Iea x mA Active component of ground fault current
Ier x mA Reactive component of ground fault current
E/F Detec. L1 Ground fault detected in phase 1
E/F forwards Ground fault detected in forwards direction
E/F reverse Ground fault detected in reverse direction
E/F undefined Ground fault direction is undefined, e.g., the current was too small
Table empty No data recorded
6.5 Circuit Breaker Operation Statistics (5600)

Address block 5600 is used to display the circuit breaker operation statistics. The number of trip
commands issued by the relay are counted separately for each of the breaker poles. In addition,
the value of the interrupted phase currents are accumulated and stored. The interrupted current
values are expressed as a ratio to the rated relay current (IN).
For relay models with the optional automatic reclose feature, the number of automatic reclose
attempts are counted separately for single-pole RAR, three-pole RAR, and three-pole DAR.
The counters for circuit breaker operations can be reset at address 8202. See Chapter 8,
“Maintenance,” for information on how to reset the circuit breaker statistics.
Table 6-5 lists, by address number, all of the available messages for circuit breaker operations.
Only messages consistent with your relay configuration and options will be available for display.
All descriptions appear in the first line of the LCD, and all values appear in the second line as
shown below.
5601zRAR 1pole= Description

Number of 14
automatic reclose
attempts after
single-pole trip
(example display)
6-14 July 27, 1995

Table 6-5. Circuit Breaker Operation Statistics

Addr. LCD Text Description
5601 RAR 1pole = Number of RAR attempts after single-pole trip (max. 9 digit value)
5602 RAR 3pole = Number of RAR attempts after three-pole trip (max. 9 digit value)
5603 DAR 3pole = Number of DAR attempts after three-pole trip (max. 9 digit value)
5604 TRIP No L1 = Number of trip commands for circuit breaker pole 1 (max. 9 digit
value)
value)
value)
5607 SIL1/In = Accumulated interrupted currents for circuit breaker pole 1 (max. 7
digit, 1 decimal place value)
6.6 Reading the Measured Values

This section describes the measured values you can display using the operator panel. The ability to
check the relay’s measured values is helpful during commissioning, normal operation, and
troubleshooting. Measured values are calculated based on the system and protection settings
programmed in the relay. In addition, two of these measured values may be selected to be
displayed on the LCD during normal (no-fault) operating conditions. See Chapter 5,
“Programming the Relay,” for more information on programming settings in the relay.
6.6.1 Operational Measured Values (5700)

Address block 5700 is used to display the operational measured values. These values are updated
every five seconds when the relay is not in pickup. Values outside the permissible range are
identified by asterisks (****). The measured value appears in the second line of the LCD as
shown in the example below.
5700zOPERATIONAL
MEASURED VALUES
5701zMEAS.VALUE
IL1 = 1060 A
Table 6-6 describes the measured values you can view in address block 5700. The message
“NON-EXISTING” will appear in the second line of the LCD if a value cannot be calculated due
to incorrect parameters.
July 27, 1995 6-15

Table 6-6. Operational Measured Values

5701 IL1 = A Primary current in phase 1
5704 UL12 = kV Primary phase 1 - phase 2 voltage (VL1-L2)
5707 Pa = MW Active primary power
5708 Pr = MVA Reactive primary power
5709 f[%] = % System frequency as a percentage of the rated frequency specified at address
7899 (60 or 50 Hz)
5710 IL1[%] = % IL1 as a percentage of IN PRIMARY specified at address 1105
5713 UL12[%] = % VL1-L2 as a percentage of VN PRIMARY specified at address 1103
5716 Pa[%] = % Active power as a percentage of the rated apparent power
SN = 3 VN PRIMARY IN PRIMARY
5717 Pr[%] = % Reactive power as a percentage of the rated apparent power
SN = 3 VN PRIMARY IN PRIMARY
6.6.2 Ground Fault Measured Values in Ungrounded Systems (5800) (Optional)

Address block 5800 is used to display the measured values when a ground fault is detected in an
ungrounded system. These values are only recorded when ground fault detection for ungrounded
systems is programmed as existing in address 7807 (see section 5.6) and the relay model number
is 7SA511*-**A5*-1***. Values outside the permissible range are identified by asterisks (****).
The measured value appears in the second line of the LCD as shown in the example below.
5800zISOL. E/F
MEASURED VALUES
5801zMEAS.VALUE
Iea = 0.03 A
Table 6-7 describes the four measured values you can view in address block 5800. The message
“NON-EXISTING” will appear in the second line of the LCD if a value cannot be calculated due
to incorrect parameters.
6-16 July 27, 1995

Table 6-7. Ground Fault Measured Values Ungrounded Systems

5801 Iea = A Primary active component of the ground current based on the primary rated
values specified at addresses 1105 and 1112
5802 Ier = A Primary reactive component of the ground current based on the primary rated
values specified at addresses 1105 and 1112
5803 Iea[mA] = mA Secondary active component of the of the ground current
5804 Ier[mA] = mA Secondary reactive component of the of the ground current
6.7 Waveform Capture

In addition to the target log, event log, and measured values data described in the preceding
sections, actual waveforms of the last fault can be recorded. Two prerequisite settings, described
below, are required for waveform capture.
7806 FAULT RECRD Indicate if waveform capture exists EXIST
2801 FAULT REC. Turn waveform capture on or off ON
DIGSIÒ software is also required to view the actual waveforms. Reference B of this manual,
“Hardware & Software,” discusses this software package in more detail.
For waveform capture, the sampling rate is 20 samples per power cycle. The starting point,
ending point, and maximum recording time after a pickup is a function of the port being used to
access the data. Table 6-8 provides the specifications.
Table 6-8. Waveform Capture Specifications.

Access Start End Max. Rec. Time Total Maximum
Port (prior to pickup) (after trip) After Pickup Recording Time
Front 5 cycles 5 cycles 145 cycles 155 cycles
Rear 3 cycles 3 cycles 30 cycles 33 cycles
When the data is accessed and processed by appropriate software it can be displayed in graphical
format. An example of the waveform data and the way it may be displayed using DIGSIÒ
software is shown in Figure 6-1. The display shows the actual current and voltage waveforms on
each phase and ground with markers for pickup (FD), trip (Trip), and drop-out (Reset). The
points at which the fault occurred and the circuit breaker opened are also visible. The horizontal
time line is in milliseconds. In this example, the results of an unsuccessful automatic reclose can be
seen at approximately +390 milliseconds.
July 27, 1995 6-17

Fault number........: 399 Feeder 56 B-C Fault Fr, 03/19/93 12:50

Uphe max= 0.87 Un I max= 8.46 In (Peak value)
Uphe
Scale 83 ms
-33..100
ms t [ms]
Figure 6-1. Waveform Capture Display Example
6-18 July 27, 1995

Commissioning the Relay
Table of Contents
7. Commissioning the Relay .....................................................................................................7-3

7.1 Verifying the Installation and Relay Configuration..........................................................7-3
7.2 Relay Commissioning Tests............................................................................................7-3
7.3 Guidelines for Commissioning the Relay.........................................................................7-4
7.3.1 Current, Voltage, and Phase Sequence Checks.........................................................7-4
7.3.2 Directional Test Using Load Current (4200) ............................................................7-5
7.3.3 Checking the Carrier Transmission System...............................................................7-8
7.3.4 Circuit Breaker Trip Test (4400) ...........................................................................7-13
7.3.5 Automatic Reclose Test (4300) (Optional).............................................................7-15
7.4 Returning the Relay to Operating Status ....................................................................... 7-17
List of Figures
Figure 7-1. Load Impedance Vector. .......................................................................................7-8
July 27, 1995 7-1

7SA511 Line Protection Relay Commissioning the Relay
7-2 July 27, 1995

7. Commissioning the Relay

This chapter describes the commissioning procedures you may perform after the relay is installed,
is programmed for your system, and is operating in its intended environment.
7.1 Verifying the Installation and Relay Configuration

The relay’s event log and target log data may be useful for commissioning. The event log is under
address block 5100, and the target logs for the last three faults are under address blocks 5200,
5300, and 5400, respectively. The waveform capture function also provides additional fault
information.
The measured values recorded for the relay are also useful for commissioning. Address block
5700 displays the measured phase and neutral currents, voltages, and apparent power of the
protected system.
For ungrounded systems, the ground fault data log is under address block 5500 and the measured
values are under address block 5800.
Chapter 6, “Displaying System and Relay Information,” describes in more detail the type of data
available for display in the operator panel LCD.
7.2 Relay Commissioning Tests

Commissioning tests are intended to verify correct operation of the relay when it is connected to
and operating in a normal manner with the system it is intended to protect.
WARNING
Hazardous conditions.
Can cause death, serious injury, or
property damage.
Primary tests should be performed

only by qualified personnel trained
in commissioning of protection
systems and familiar with the
operation of the protected equipment.
July 27, 1995 7-3

7.3 Guidelines for Commissioning the Relay

Test accuracy is dependent directly on the test environment and the equipment used. Some
cautions and recommended procedures associated with commissioning tests are listed below.
· Do not exceed the limit values given in the specifications in Reference D of this
manual.
· It is recommended that the actual settings for the relay be used for commissioning
tests.
· Always press the Target Reset key to reset the relay after tests that cause LED
indications.
Check for the following DURING testing:
· Be sure that the correct command (trip) contacts close.

· Read the LCD and verify the proper information appears when testing output relays
and remote signaling.
· If the relay is connected to a substation control system, ensure correct communication
through the rear serial port.
7.3.1 Current, Voltage, and Phase Sequence Checks

For the purpose of these tests, the relay should be connected to a normal, correctly operating, 3-
phase power system with a load at least 10% of the rated value (address 1105). Under these
conditions, there should be no fault indications from the internal monitors, and the measured
values displayed in the LCD at address block 5700 should indicate phase currents , neutral
currents, and voltages that closely match the expected values. If these values are not as expected
or some type of problem is indicated, the following checks should be made.
Incorrect Measured Values

A substantial deviation from expected measured values, or a significant ground current indication
can result from incorrectly wired measurement transformers. Check these connections and make
corrections if necessary.
Symmetry Error
If a symmetry error, Failure Isymm or Failure Usymm, is indicated in the event log (address
block 5100), the transformers and their connections should be checked for interruptions or short
circuits. If there are no problems in these areas, then it is likely that the currents or voltages are
asymmetrical. If this is a normal operating condition for the system, the symmetry parameters
(addresses 2901 - 2904) should be adjusted appropriately. Reference E, “Setting Calculations,”
provides information on how to correctly set these parameters.
Summation Error
If a summation error Failure SUp-e, Failure SUp-p, or Failure SI is indicated in the event log
(address block 5100), the transformer ratio matching factors (Vph/Vdelta or IE/Iph) at addresses
1110 and 1112 should be checked. Reference E, “Setting Calculations,” provides information on
7-4 July 27, 1995

how to correctly set these parameters. The residual current must be fed to the ground current
input of the relay for the current summation check to function properly.
If the CT ratio matching factors and the ground current connections are correct, it may be
necessary to adjust the current summation parameters (addresses 2905 and 2906). Reference E
“Setting Calculations” provides information on how to correctly set these parameters.
Phase Sequence Check

The measurement monitor checks for a clockwise phase rotation (sequence). If the rotation is not
correct, the error message Fail.PhaseSeq is logged in the event log. Check the connections in the
measurement circuits for correct phase relationship and make any necessary corrections.
If your system normally has counterclockwise rotation, connections for two of the phases must be
interchanged. This exchange of phase connections must be taken into account for the following
circumstances:
· Setting parameters for the treatment of double ground faults in isolated or

compensated networks (address 1803)
· Setting parameters for the treatment of double ground faults in solidly grounded
systems(address 1703)
· Assignment of logical functions to the output signal relays (address block 5300) and
LED indicators (address block 5400)
· Displaying event log data
7.3.2 Directional Test Using Load Current (4200)

A test to check the direction of the load current flow for each measurement loop and to verify the
correct connections of current and voltage transformers is available in address block 4200. You
must use the operator panel to run the test. All six measurement loops are tested, and the active
and reactive component of the load impedance is calculated for each loop.
The line to which the relay is connected must be energized and carrying at least 10% of the rated
current. The load should be either purely resistive or resistive-inductive and in a known direction.
Where there is any doubt about the direction, interconnected or ring networks must be isolated.
July 27, 1995 7-5

Table 7-1 identifies the addresses used to run this test.
Table 7-1. Address Block 4200 Test Options.

Addr. Measurement Loop Test
4201 L1-E Directional Test
4202 L1-E Load Impedance Test
4207 L1-L2 Directional Test
4208 L1-L2 Load Impedance Test
Test Procedure
Follow this procedure to run the directional test:
1. Select address block 4200.
4200zDIRECTIONAL
TEST
2. Press the key to go to the next address as shown below.
4201zDIREC. TEST
L1E ?
3. Press the Yes key to start the test. The selected measurement loop (e.g., L1E) carries out a
directional check and indicates the result on the display. There are three possible results:
· Forward Dir load flow is forwards

· Reverse Dir load flow is backwards
· undefined directional determination is not possible
( e.g., current is too small or a borderline condition exists
7-6 July 27, 1995

4. Press the key to continue to the next address, 4202 in the example shown below.
4202zIMPEDANCES
L1E ?
5. Press the Yes key to confirm checking the active and reactive component of the load
impedance for the indicated loop. The message “IN PROGRESS” will appear in the second
line of the display until the test is complete. When complete, the calculated values will appear
in the display as shown below (refer also to Figure 7-1).
The n’s in this example display represent the
actual numeric values that should appear in the
Rr = nnn W relay’s display.
Xr = nnn W
6. Repeat steps 2 through 5 of this procedure for each of the six measurement loops.
Provided that the direction is indicated, all six measurement loops should indicate the same,
known direction of the load flow. If all directions are wrong, then the polarity of the measuring
transformers and the programmed setting at address 1101 (polarity) do not agree. Check the
polarity and program correctly. If the indicated directions for the individual phases differ (e.g.
phase 1 is forward and phase 2 is reverse), either the individual phase connections in the
transformers are interchanged or the polarity connections are not correct. Check the connections.
Capacitive loads caused by under-excited generators or charging currents can frequently result in
undefined or inconsistent directional information. By means of the load impedance calculation, the
position of the load impedance vector can be determined. The load impedances allow
determination of the position of the load impedance vector as shown in the R/X diagram in Figure
7-1.
July 27, 1995 7-7

Positive reactive
power
ZLoad
Direction
characteristic Forwards
Active power
R
~45°
Reverse
Negative reactive
power
Pactive Preactive
ZLoad = +
I2 I2
Figure 7-1. Load Impedance Vector.
7.3.3 Checking the Carrier Transmission System

The following functions are checked as part of this test process:
· Overreach zone comparison via pilot wires

· Reverse interlocking
· Carrier transmission with release signal
· Carrier transmission with blocking signal
· Carrier transmission with underreach transfer signal
· Carrier transmission for directional comparison ground fault protection
All of the equipment associated with transmission of signals should be commissioned in

accordance with the documentation provided for that equipment.
Overreach Zone Comparison Via Pilot Wires

The overreaching zone comparison operating mode differs fundamentally from the other pilot
protection systems in its transmission method (DC current, fail-safe loop). Skip this section if a
different pilot protection method is used.
The line protection devices at both line ends must be in operation. At first the auxiliary voltage for
the fail-safe current loop around the pilot wires should not be switched on.
7-8 July 27, 1995

7804 TELEPROTEC. Type of pilot protection scheme OVERREACH
2201 POTT MODE Turn the POTT protection ON
scheme on and off
2202 POTT MODE Mode of operation for permis- PILOT WIRE COMP.
sive overreach transfer scheme
Test Procedure
1. Simulate a short circuit beyond Z1 but within overreach zone Z1B. Because of the absence of
the receive signal, the relay first trips in one of the upper zones (normally T2). Perform this
test from both line ends.
2. Turn on the DC voltage for the fail-safe loop. The additional relays for pilot protection must
be in operation. The loop now carries monitoring current, and the additional relays at both line
ends are energized.
3. Simulate a short circuit at one line end beyond the first zone but within the overreach zone
Z1B. Tripping occurs instantaneously or after T1B (when a delay is set). Perform this test also
at both line ends.
Since the DC monitor is an essential part of the pilot wire system, this test has simultaneously
proved that the pilot wires are functioning correctly; therefore, all other tests described in section
7.3.3 can be skipped.
Reverse Interlocking
The test procedure in this section checks the reverse interlocking pilot protection method. Skip
this section if a different pilot protection method other than reverse interlocking is used.
The protection relay on the incoming feeder and those on all outgoing circuits must be in
operation. At first the auxiliary voltage for reverse interlocking should not be switched on.
2201 POTT MODE Turn the permissive overreach ON
transfer scheme on and off
2202 POTT MODE Mode of operation for permis- REVERS INTERLOCK
Test Procedure
1. Simulate a short circuit within zone Z1 and within the overreach zone Z1B. Because of the
absence of the receive signal, the relay trips in the (delayed) time T1B.
July 27, 1995 7-9

2. Turn on the DC voltage for the reverse interlocking. The test as described above is repeated,
with the same result.
3. Simulate a trip on each protective device on all outgoing feeders. Simultaneously, a short
circuit is simulated on the incoming feeder (as described before). Tripping now occurs after
delay T1.
4. These tests have simultaneously proved that the pilot wires are functioning correctly;
therefore, all other tests described in section 7.3.3 can be skipped.
Carrier Transmission With Release Signal

With permissive overreach transfer trip (POTT) using release signal transmission, it is simple to
check the carrier system from one end of the line with the echo function. This test is to be
performed from both line ends, and the echo function must be turned on at both line ends.
2202 POTT MODE Mode of operation for permis- · Z1B RELEASE or
sive overreach transfer scheme · FD DIREC RELEASE or
· Z1B UNBLOCK or
· FD UNBLOCK
2220 ECHO Turn the echo function on and ON (at both line ends)
off
Test Procedure
1. Simulate a short circuit in Z1B beyond Z1. Since the relay at the other line end has not picked
up on fault, the echo function will be effective at that end and a trip signal results.
2. The effect of the echo delay time and the input of the circuit breaker position can be checked
at this time. With the following tests, the echo function of the relay at the opposite line end is
checked.
a) The circuit breakers at both line ends must be open. A short circuit is simulated as above.
Because of the echo function of the relay at the opposite line end, the signal is received
and a trip signal occurs at once.
b) Close the circuit breaker at the opposite line end. Repeat above test once more. Received
signal and trip command occur again but now with an additional delay caused by the echo
delay time at the opposite line end (0.2 seconds as delivered, see address 2221).
c) If delayed and undelayed echo are interchanged, the function mode (NO/NC operation) of
the binary input for the circuit breaker position could be wrong. Check and correct it at
7-10 July 27, 1995

the opposite line end per the relay programming instructions given in Chapter 5,
“Programming the Relay.” When delivered from the factory, the input for the circuit
breaker auxiliary contact is INPUT 3, assigned to the function CB Aux Cont NO. Change
the function mode from NO to NC if necessary (i.e., CB Aux. Cont NC). If the circuit
breaker position input is asigned differently, change the mode accordingly.
d) Open the circuit breaker. Repeat these tests for the other line end.
Carrier Transmission With Blocking Signal

If overreaching transfer mode with blocking signal is used, an understanding between both line
ends is necessary.
2202 POTT MODE Mode of operation for permis- Z1B BLOCKING
Test Procedure
1. At the line end to be tested as sender, simulate a fault in reverse direction; at the other end,
simulate a forward fault within zone Z1B but beyond the limit of Z1. Since the transmitter
sends a blocking signal, the receiving protection must not trip, unless in a delayed zone, as
long as blocking signal is transmitted. After switching off the reverse fault on the sending side,
the receiving side remains blocked for the send prolongation T-SEND-PRL (address 2206)
plus the transient blocking time T-TRANSBLO (address 2203) of the receiving side.
2. Repeat this test for the other transmission direction.
Carrier Transmission With Underreach Transfer Signal

With permissive underreach transfer trip (PUTT), an understanding between both line ends is
necessary.
7804 TELEPROTEC. Type of pilot protection scheme UNDERREACH
2101 PUTT MODE Turn the permissive underreach ON
Test Procedure
1. At the line end to be tested as sender, simulate a fault within zone Z1.
July 27, 1995 7-11

2.
If address 2102 Then . . . Result
setting is . . .
Z1B ACCELERATION At the receiving end, simulate a The protection trips at once (or T1B), without
fault within zone Z1B but beyond reception a delayed time element can only be
Z1. effective.
FD ACCELERATION At the receiving end, simulate any The protection trips instantaneously, without
pickup. reception in a delayed time element.
3. Repeat tests for the other transmission direction.
Carrier Transmission for Directional Comparison Ground Fault Protection (Optional)

This test checks the high-resistance, directional comparison ground fault protection function and
is applicable only to relay models 7SA511*-**A5*- 0/2**2/3. Skip this test if you have a different
relay configuration.
This test is to be performed from both line ends. The carrier system can be checked from one end
of the line with the echo function.
7808 EARTH FAULT Type of high-resistance ground fault DIREC.COMPARISON
detection
3201 E/F COMPAR Turn on and off the directional ON
comparison protection function
3210 E/F ECHO Turn on and off the echo function for ON
directional comparison ground fault
protection
1201 DIST. PROT. Turn on and off the distance protection OFF
function
Test Procedure
1. Simulate a ground fault in the line direction. Since the relay at the other line end has not
picked up on fault, the echo function will be effective at that end and a trip signal results.
2. The effect of the echo delay time and the input of the circuit breaker position can be checked
unless it has already been done as part of the test in section 0. The opposite line end is
checked.
a) The circuit breakers at both line ends must be open. A ground fault is simulated as above.
Because of the echo function of the relay at the opposite line end, the signal is received
and a trip signal occurs at once.
b) Close the circuit breaker at the opposite line end. Repeat above test once more. The
received signal and trip command occur again but now with an additional delay caused by
7-12 July 27, 1995

the echo delay time of the relay at the opposite line end (0.2 seconds as delivered, see
address 3211).
c) Open the circuit breaker. Repeat these tests for the other line end.
3. Turn the distance protection function on at address 1201 (DIST.PROT. ON).
7.3.4 Circuit Breaker Trip Test (4400)

A test to verify the operation of the circuit breaker tripping function and the operation of the
circuit breaker is available through the operator panel at address 4400. The relay must be in
programming mode to run this test. Prerequisites to starting the test are described below.
· No protection function is picked up.

· The circuit breaker is closed.
· CB Test Trip (FNo 880), is assigned to the output relay that trips the circuit breaker
under test.
· To trip the circuit breaker single-pole with an external single-pole auto-reclose relay,
the logical function >1pole Trip (FNo 066) must be assigned to a binary input.
· To trip all three poles of the circuit breaker, the logical function >1pole only (FNo
067) must not be activated by an external signal.
In the 7SA511 relay, confirmation of a closed circuit breaker is always required from the operator
panel. It will also be required from a binary input if CB AUX.CNT at address 1113 is set to
CONNECTED.
CB Auxiliary Contact Control

When address 1113 is set to CONNECTED, one of the binary inputs must be assigned logical
function >CB Aux Cont (FNo 012). When the request for the trip test is made, the relay will not
proceed with the test unless the binary input that has been assigned FNo 012 indicates that the CB
is closed regardless of any confirmation to this effect from the operator panel. The relay will
accept the operator panel confirmation and allow the test if address 1113 is set to NOT
CONNECTED or the binary input verifies that the CB is closed.
Test Procedure
Note: Press the key at any time to abort a test procedure.
1. Place the relay in programming mode by entering the password, then access address 4404.
4400zCB TEST
LIVE TRIP
July 27, 1995 7-13

2. Press the key to go to the next address as shown in the example display below.
4401zTRIP
CB POLE L1 ?
3. Press the Yes key to confirm starting the test. The message “CB CLOSED?” appears in the
second line of the display as shown below.
4401zTRIP
CB CLOSED ?
DANGER
A successfully started test cycle will cause
the circuit breaker to close if this relay is
connected to an external auto-reclose
device.
This can cause death or serious injury.
The operator is asked to ensure and confirm

that the circuit breaker is closed before
starting the test.
4. If the circuit breaker is closed, press the Yes key. Otherwise, abort the test by pressing the
key. If you press the Yes key, verify that the circuit breaker opens.
5. Repeat steps 2 through 4 of this procedure as applicable to your relay. Table 7-2 identifies, by
address number, all tests within the 4400 block. Only those tests options applicable to your
relay will appear in its display. Each test option is followed by the “CB CLOSED?” message
as explained in step 3 above.
Table 7-2. Circuit Breaker Trip Test Options, Address Block 4400.
4401 TRIP CB POLE L1? Single-pole test cycle for circuit breaker pole L1
4404 TRIP CB THREE-POLE? 3-pole circuit breaker test cycle
7-14 July 27, 1995

Note: As a safety precaution, delete the assignment of FNo 880 to the output relay controlling
the circuit breaker before returning the relay to service.
7.3.5 Automatic Reclose Test (4300) (Optional)

This test procedure utilizes the optional internal automatic reclose function. The relay can be
ordered either with 3-pole auto-reclose (single- and multi-shot, model 7SA511*-**A5*- **B/F*)
or for all modes of auto-reclose (single-pole, 3-pole, single- and 3-pole, single- and multi-shot,
model 7SA511*-**A5*-**C/G*).
If the model contains only 3-pole auto-reclose, then only those test options are available which
relate to the 3-pole auto-reclose program. Single-pole tests will only be carried out by the relay
when single-pole auto-reclose is also permitted. Check the setting at address 3412 to determine
which test options should be available when testing your relay:
Addr. LCD Text & Description Setting Options & Descriptions

3412 RAR PROG.—Indicates the · THREE-POLE -- 3-pole auto-reclose occurs for each type of
auto-reclose program for the first fault.
reclose cycle (RAR) · SINGLE-POLE—Single-pole auto-reclose occurs for single-
phase faults; auto-reclose is blocked for multi-phase faults.
· SINGLE/THREE-POL—Single-pole auto-reclose occurs for
single-phase faults; 3-pole auto-reclose occurs for multi-phase
faults.
As described in section 7.3.4 above, the programming of the CB auxiliary contact control at
address 1113 must be correct before the relay will allow the test. Additional prerequisites to
starting the internal automatic reclose test are:
· No protection function is picked up

· The circuit breaker is closed
· CB Test Trip (FNo 880), is assigned to the output relay that trips the circuit breaker
under test.
· The auto-reclose function is not blocked (i.e., the circuit breaker is ready)
7810 INTERNAL AR Indicates whether or not the relay has EXIST
the internal auto-reclose function
3401 AUTO-RECL. Turns the auto-reclose function on or ON
FUNCTIONS off
July 27, 1995 7-15

TestProcedure
Note: Press the key at any time to abort a test procedure.
1. Select address block 4300.
4300zCB-TEST
TRIP-CLOSE CYCLE
2. Press the key to go to the next address as shown in the example display below.
4301zCB TEST
L1 WITH AR ?
3. Press the Yes key to confirm starting the test. The message “CB CLOSED?” appears in the
second line of the display as shown below.
4301zCB TEST
CB CLOSED ?
DANGER
A successfully started test cycle will
cause the circuit breaker to close.
This can cause death or serious injury.
The operator is asked to insure and confirm

that the circuit breaker is closed before
starting the test.
4. If the circuit breaker is closed, press the Yes key. Otherwise, abort the test by pressing the
key.
5. Repeat steps 2 through 4 of this procedure to display or perform the circuit breaker test
options available for your relay. Table 7-3 identifies, by address number, all tests within the
7-16 July 27, 1995

4300 block. Only those tests options applicable to your relay will appear in its display. Each
test option is followed by the “CB CLOSED?” message as explained in step 3 above.
Table 7-3. Circuit Breaker Trip-Close Test Options, Address Block 4300.
4301 CB TEST L1 WITH AR? Single-pole test cycle for circuit breaker pole 1
4304 CB TEST L123 WITH AR? Three-pole circuit breaker test cycle
4305 CB TEST SEQU. L1-L2- Sequence of single-pole test cycles for circuit
L3? breaker poles 1, 2, and 3
7.4 Returning the Relay to Operating Status
· Verify that the relay protection and configuration settings are correct.
· Press the Target Reset key to clear any indications.
· Verify that the green Power LED is lit.
· Verify that the red Blocked LED is not lit.
· If a test switch is installed, return the switch to the normal position.
July 27, 1995 7-17

7-18 July 27, 1995

Maintenance
Table of Contents
8. Maintenance.........................................................................................................................8-3
8.1 Tracing Hardware and Software Faults...........................................................................8-4
8.2 Troubleshooting Tips .....................................................................................................8-4
8.3 Inspecting the Power Supply Fuse..................................................................................8-4
8.4 Replacing the Backup Battery.........................................................................................8-5
8.5 Erasing Stored Data (8200) ............................................................................................8-6
8.6 What To Do With Defective Relays................................................................................8-7
8.7 Storing Relays That are Taken Out of Service ................................................................8-7
List of Figures
Figure 8-1. Power Supply Minifuse and Backup Battery on the Basic GEA module.................8-5
July 27, 1995 8-1

7SA511 Line Protection Relay Maintenance
8-2 July 27, 1995

8. Maintenance
The 7SA511 relay is designed so that no special testing, calibration, or maintenance is required.
All measurement and signal processing circuits are fully solid state and, with the exception of the
internal backup battery, require no periodic maintenance. The following basic maintenance
procedures are provided in this section
· Inspecting the power supply fuse

· Replacing the backup
· Erasing stored data
To inspect the power supply fuse or replace the backup battery, the relay’s front cover must be
removed and the relay removed from its housing. If required, see Chapter 4 “Installation” for
procedures on removing the front cover and removing or replacing relay modules.
DANGER
Hazardous voltages in the equipment.
This can cause severe personal injury and
equipment damage.
Testing should be performed only by qualified

personnel. Follow all safety instructions
contained herein. Do not insert or withdraw
the module under power. Do not make wiring
connections or changes under power.
CAUTION
Electrostatic Discharge
Possible equipment damage.
The relay module contains CMOS circuits. The
module must never be withdrawn from or
inserted into the housing with power connected.
Electrostatic discharges into or around the
uninstalled relay or any of its components must
be avoided.
The use of grounding straps or touching a

grounded metal surface before handling the
uninstalled relay is essential.
July 27, 1995 8-3

8.1 Tracing Hardware and Software Faults

As the relay’s protection is almost entirely self-monitored, hardware and software faults are
automatically announced. With detected hardware faults, the relay blocks itself. Recognized soft-
ware faults cause the processor to reset and restart. If the fault is still present after three restart
attempts, the relay will switch itself out of service and indicate this condition by the red Blocked
LED on the operator panel.
The relay’s event log and target log data may be useful for maintenance. The event log is under
address block 5100, and the target logs for the last three faults are under address blocks 5200,
5300, and 5400, respectively. Refer to Chapter 6, “Displaying System and Relay Information,” for
more information on the type of data included in the event log and target logs.
8.2 Troubleshooting Tips

If the relay indicates a defect but none of the LEDs on the operator panel are lit, then perform the
following checks:
· Are the modules pushed in and locked properly?

· Is the On/Off switch on the operator panel in the “On” position?
· Does the input power have correct polarity and voltage?
· Is the input power connected to the proper relay terminals?
· Has the minifuse in the power supply section blown?
· Is the relay correctly set and configured?
If the red Blocked LED is lit and the green Power LED is not lit, the device has recognized an
internal fault. To reinitialize the unit, turn the DC auxiliary voltage off then back on using the
operator panel On/Off switch. When the DC auxiliary voltage is off, the relay will lose any event
log data, target log data, and configuration settings that have not been saved.
8.3 Inspecting the Power Supply Fuse

The relay’s internal power supply is protected by a fuse. In the event of a blown fuse, you must
remove the relay’s front cover and remove the basic module from the housing to inspect the fuse.
When required, refer to Chapter 4, “Installation” sections 4.3.1 and 4.3.2 for detailed removal and
replacement instructions.
The fuse holder is located at the rear of the basic relay module as shown in Figure 8-1. If the fuse
is blown, there is very likely a problem in the internal power supply, and the relay should be
returned to the factory for repair.
8-4 July 27, 1995

Minifuse for
the power supply
Battery location
when installed-
see View A
View A
View A Jumper X50
Jumper X51
Figure 8-1. Power Supply Minifuse and Backup Battery on the Basic GEA module.
8.4 Replacing the Backup Battery

The backup battery is required for the relay’s internal clock and calendar to maintain the correct
date and time should a power supply failure occur. The battery is also used to retain fault data
stored in nonvolatile memory (EEPROM) when a prolonged failure of the DC supply voltage
July 27, 1995 8-5

occurs. This battery should be replaced at least every five years to avoid unexpected loss of fault
data. A lithium battery 3 V/I Ah, type CR 1/2 AA, is the recommended type of replacement
battery.
The battery is located at the rear edge of the processor board of the basic module as shown in
Figure 8-1.
The relay must be removed from its housing (see “Installation” section 4.3.2) to replace the
backup battery. Removing the relay from the housing will disconnect the external power, so if the
currently stored fault data is to be retrieved, it must be done before removing the relay from the
housing.
Following all recommended safety procedures, replace the backup battery as follows:
1. If desired, retrieve the currently stored fault data through either of the serial ports or by
readout through the LCD on the operator panel (address block 5000). (Note: Configuration
data is stored in a different memory and is not affected by this process.)
2. Remove the relay from the housing as described in “Installation” section 4.3.2.
3. Remove the used battery from the terminals according to Figure 8-1. Caution: Do not place
battery on conductive surfaces.
4. Replace the used battery with the same or equivalent type. If required, see “Installation”
section 4.6, Figure 4-5, for instructions on preparing the battery for installation.
5. Insert the battery into the terminals as shown in Figure 8-1 and tighten the screws.
6. Reinstall the relay module in the housing as described in “Installation” section 4.3.2.
7. Set the clock to the correct date and time either through the operator panel or the front
serial port.
8. Return the relay to service.
8.5 Erasing Stored Data (8200)

The data stored in the nonvolatile memory can be erased using the control functions at address
block 8200. The relay must be placed in programming mode using the password (see Chapter 5,
“Programming the Relay”). The Reset block at 8200 allows the stored data to be cleared in five
separate groups using addresses 8201 through 8205. Table 8-1 identifies the data reset options.
8-6 July 27, 1995

Table 8-1. Reset Data Options

Addr. LCD Text Description Preset Options
8201 RESET LED ? Reset the LED memory? No Yes
8202 RESET COUNTERS ? Reset the CB operation counters? No Yes
8203 RESET TOTAL Isc ? Reset interrupted current statistics? No Yes
8204 RESET OPERAT. ANNUNC. ? Reset the event log? No Yes
8205 RESET FAULT ANNUNC. ? Reset the target log? No Yes
8206 RESET E/F ANNUNC. ? Reset the isolated ground fault log? No Yes
In each case, a question asking whether or not to reset a particular data group is displayed. If
clearing of that group is desired, press the Yes key. During the clearing operation, the message
“TASK IN PROGRESS” is displayed. When the clearing operation is complete, the address of the
group (8201 - 8205) that was reset is displayed along with the message “RESET EXECUTED.”
8.6 What To Do With Defective Relays

If you cannot correct a problem with the relay using the procedures described in this manual, then
return the complete relay to the manufacturer in secure, appropriate packaging. If available, use
the original packaging to avoid damaging the relay.
8.7 Storing Relays That are Taken Out of Service

Store the relay in a dry, clean room. The temperature range for storage of the relay or associated
spare parts is -13°F to 131°F (-25°C to +55°C). Refer to the technical specifications in Reference
D of this manual for more storage information.
If the relay is de-energized and stored for an extended time period, proper voltage should be
applied to the power input for one or two days prior to placing the relay into service.
July 27, 1995 8-7

8-8 July 27, 1995

7SA511 Line Protection Relay Reference A
Method of Operation
Table of Contents
A. Method of Operation .......................................................................................................... A-5

A.1 Overview of Hardware and Protection Functions.......................................................... A-5
A.2 Distance Protection Overview....................................................................................... A-7
A.2.1 Ground Fault Detection and Processing ................................................................. A-8
A.2.2 Overcurrent Fault Detection................................................................................... A-9
A.2.3 Polygonal Impedance Fault Detection (Optional) ................................................. A-10
A.2.4 Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detection (Optional) ................................. A-12
A.3 Determination of the Faulted Loops............................................................................ A-15
A.3.1 Verification of the Faulted Loop(s) ...................................................................... A-15
A.3.2 Fault Loop Determination in Grounded Systems .................................................. A-17
A.3.3 Fault Loop Determination in Ungrounded Systems (Optional).............................. A-19
A.4 Fault Impedance Calculation....................................................................................... A-24
A.4.1 Impedance Calculation on the Protected Line....................................................... A-24
A.4.2 Correction for Parallel Lines (Optional)................................................................ A-26
A.5 Directional Determination........................................................................................... A-27
A.5.1 Directional Characteristics ................................................................................... A-27
A.5.2 Directional Characteristics without Load.............................................................. A-28
A.5.3 Directional Characteristics with Load................................................................... A-30
A.6 Tripping Characteristics and Logic.............................................................................. A-32
A.6.1 Tripping Characteristics ....................................................................................... A-32
A.6.2 Tripping Logic..................................................................................................... A-33
A.7 Switch-Onto-Fault Protection ..................................................................................... A-36
A.8 Emergency Overcurrent Protection............................................................................. A-36
A.9 Power Swing Function................................................................................................ A-37
A.9.1 Detection of Power Swings.................................................................................. A-38
A.9.2 Power Swing Blocking......................................................................................... A-40
A.9.3 Power Swing (Out-of-Step) Trip.......................................................................... A-40
A.10 Pilot Protection......................................................................................................... A-41
A.10.1 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip With Fault Detection................................ A-45
A.10.2 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip With Zone Z1B........................................ A-46
A.10.3 Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip With Zone Z1B.......................................... A-47
A.10.4 Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip With Fault Detection Zone ......................... A-48
A.10.5 Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip Unblock Scheme with Zone Z1B................ A-50
A.10.6 Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip Unblock Scheme With Fault Detection....... A-53
A.10.7 Blocking Scheme With Zone Z1B ...................................................................... A-54
A.10.8 Z1B Blocking via Pilot Wires............................................................................. A-56
A.10.9 Reverse Interlocking.......................................................................................... A-58
A.10.10 Echo Keying Function (Weak-Feed Compensation).......................................... A-59
A.10.11 Transient Blocking........................................................................................... A-60
A.11 Isolated Ground Fault Detection (Optional) .............................................................. A-61
A.11.1 Fault Detection .................................................................................................. A-61
July 27, 1995 A-1

7SA511 Line Protection Relay Method of Operation
A.11.2 Determination of the Faulted Phase.................................................................... A-61

A.11.3 Directional Determination .................................................................................. A-61
A.11.4 Ground Fault Location....................................................................................... A-63
A.12 High-Resistance Ground Fault Protection for Grounded Systems (Optional)............. A-65
A.12.1 Directional Ground Fault Overcurrent Protection with Nondirectional Backup... A-66
A.12.2 Directional Comparison Ground Fault Protection............................................... A-67
A.12.3 Non-Directional Inverse Time Ground Fault Protection...................................... A-68
A.13 Automatic Reclose (Optional)................................................................................... A-69
A.13.1 Selectivity During Automatic Reclose ................................................................ A-71
A.13.2 Treatment of Evolving Faults............................................................................. A-73
A.13.3 Treatment of Multiple Single-Phase Faults......................................................... A-73
A.13.4 Multi-Shot Automatic Reclose........................................................................... A-74
A.13.5 Manual Close Onto Fault ................................................................................... A-74
A.13.6 External Automatic Reclose System................................................................... A-75
A.13.7 External Control of the Internal Automatic Reclose............................................ A-76
A.13.8 Interconnecting Two Automatic Reclose Relays................................................. A-77
A.14 Fault Locating .......................................................................................................... A-78
A.15 Ancillary Functions................................................................................................... A-79
A.15.1 LEDs and Binary Outputs (Signal Relays).......................................................... A-79
A.15.2 Digital Communications..................................................................................... A-79
A.15.3 Target Logs ....................................................................................................... A-80
A.15.4 Waveform Capture............................................................................................. A-80
A.15.5 Measured Values and Load Data........................................................................ A-80
A.15.6 Self-Diagnostics................................................................................................. A-80
List of Figures
Figure A-1 Hardware Structure of the 7SA511 Relay............................................................. A-6

Figure A-2. Ground Current Detector Characteristic .............................................................. A-9
Figure A-3. Impedance Fault Detection Characteristic.......................................................... A-11
Figure A-4. Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detection Characteristic.......................... A-13
Figure A-5. Phase-to-Phase Short Circuit Loop.................................................................... A-16
Figure A-6. Phase-to-Ground Short Circuit Loop................................................................. A-17
Figure A-7. Ground Fault in an Ungrounded System. ........................................................... A-20
Figure A-8. Phase-to-Phase Fault Resistance........................................................................ A-25
Figure A-9. Phase-to-Ground Fault Resistance..................................................................... A-26
Figure A-10. Ground Fault on a Parallel Line ....................................................................... A-27
Figure A-11. Reference Voltages for Directional Determination........................................... A-28
Figure A-12. Relay 7SA511, Directional Characteristics....................................................... A-29
Figure A-13. Directional Characteristic with Source Impedance and No Load Transport...... A-30
Figure A-14. Voltage Phasors and Directional Characteristics for a Loaded Line.................. A-31
Figure A-15. Tripping Characteristics................................................................................... A-34
Figure A-16. Logic Diagram of Distance Protection Tripping............................................... A-35
Figure A-17. Logic Diagram of the Switch-Onto-Fault Protection........................................ A-36
A-2 July 27, 1995

Figure A-18. Power Swing................................................................................................... A-38

Figure A-19. Pickup Characteristic for the Detection of Power Swings................................. A-39
Figure A-20. Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip With Fault Detection.............................. A-45
Figure A-21. Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip With Zone Z1B...................................... A-46
Figure A-22. Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip With Zone Z1B........................................ A-47
Figure A-23. Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip With Fault Detection Zone....................... A-48
Figure A-24. POTT Unblock Scheme With Zone Z1B.......................................................... A-50
Figure A-25. Unblocking Logic............................................................................................ A-51
Figure A-26. Generating the Communications Failure (Fault) Signal F.................................. A-51
Figure A-27. POTT Unblock With Fault Detection Zone...................................................... A-53
Figure A-28. Z1B Blocking.................................................................................................. A-54
Figure A-29. Z1B Blocking via Pilot Wires .......................................................................... A-56
Figure A-30. Reverse Interlocking Scheme With Distance Zones.......................................... A-58
Figure A-31. Echo Keying Function ..................................................................................... A-59
Figure A-32. Transient Blocking With Release Scheme........................................................ A-60
Figure A-33. Directional Ground Fault Measurement Characteristic for cos f....................... A-62
Figure A-34. Faulted Line Location in a Radial System ........................................................ A-64
Figure A-35. Faulted Line Location in a Meshed System...................................................... A-64
Figure A-36. Directional Ground Fault Protection With Nondirectional Backup................... A-66
Figure A-37. Directional Comparison Ground Fault Protection ............................................ A-67
Figure A-38. Automatic Reclose Sequence........................................................................... A-70
Figure A-39. Zone Reach Control With the Automatic Reclose Function.............................. A-72
Figure A-40. Multiple Faults on a Parallel Line..................................................................... A-74
Figure A-41. Example of Connections to an External Automatic Reclose System................. A-75
Figure A-42. Example of External Control of Internal Automatic Reclose............................ A-76
Figure A-43. Example of Connections for Dual Automatic Reclose...................................... A-77
July 27, 1995 A-3

A-4 July 27, 1995

A. Method of Operation
A.1 Overview of Hardware and Protection Functions
The 7SA511 relay is a microprocessor-based, high speed, numerical distance relay designed to
provide fast, reliable, and selective clearance of all kinds of ground and phase faults on overhead
lines and cables being fed from one point or multiple points. It can also be used as local backup
and/or bus protection through reverse interlocking or to provide backup protection for
generators, and it can be installed on grounded or ungrounded systems. Figure A-1 shows the
basic structure of the unit.
The relay provides full digital processing of all functions, from data acquisition of measured
values to the trip commands for the circuit breaker. Protection functions provide by the 7SA511
relay are:
· Distance protection (21/21G) with directional discrimination

· Power swing protection (78)
· Emergency overcurrent protection (50/51/50G/51G)
· Pilot protection (85)
· High-resistance ground fault protection (50G/51G) with directional discrimination in
grounded systems
· Automatic reclose (79)
· Ground fault detection with directional discrimination in ungrounded (isolated or
compensated) systems
The analog input module (see Figure A-1) contains input amplifiers, sample and hold elements for
each input, multiplexers, and analog/digital converters. Analog current input signals enter into the
relay isolating transformers and then pass through anti-aliasing filters to the analog input module.
The anti-aliasing filters’ bandwidth and processing speed are optimized to match the protection
algorithms. The input signals are sampled 20 times per power cycle (one sample every 0.83
milliseconds at 60 Hz) and converted to digital signals.
The 7SA511 relay has seven voltage transformers and four current transformers. The first three
voltage transformers are wired in a wye to measure the phase-to-ground voltages. The second
three voltage transformers are wired in a delta to measure the phase-to-phase voltages. The three
delta terminals are internally connected in parallel with the three wye terminals. This connection
scheme results in a total of 4 inputs - one for each of the three phases and the neutral. The
remaining voltage transformer input VE is used for measurement of the displacement voltage VE
from the broken-delta windings of the VTs. Three of the five current inputs are for input of the
phase currents of the protected line. The remaining current input is used for one of the following:
· Residual current of the protected line

· Ground current of a parallel line for parallel line compensation
· Neutral current of a grounded infeed transformer for directional ground fault
protection
July 27, 1995 A-5

The relay also has 10 optically isolated binary inputs, 16 LEDs, 5 trip relays, and 11 signal relays.
Power System
Bus MUX
L1 A/D Converter
L2 Microprocessor
Isolating
L3 Transformers MUX
LCD
IL1
Blocked
IL2
Ready
IL3
IE
11 Signal Relays
(programmable)
P-G
VL1
P-G
VL2
P-G
14 LEDs
VL3
(programmable)
P-P
P-P
P-P
5 Trip Relays
(programmable)
VE
Line Membrane
Keypad
Reverse
Power Rear Port
Substation
Serial Interface
Flow with isolation Control System
10 Binary
Forward Inputs
(Programmable) Front Port Personal
Serial Interface Computer
DC
Power Supply
DC
Figure A-1 Hardware Structure of the 7SA511 Relay
A-6 July 27, 1995

The microprocessor performs all impedance and overcurrent calculations and makes all protection
logic decisions. The microprocessor also provides the following functions:
· Filtering and formation of the measured quantities

· Continuous calculation of the values required for fault detection
· Determination of the faulted phases and the direction of faults
· Scanning of limit values and time sequences
· Controlling of signals and sequences for pilot protection, automatic reclose, etc.
· Decision for tripping circuit breakers
· Storage of instantaneous current and voltage values during a fault
· Storage and issue of messages and fault data for fault analysis
Binary inputs are isolated through optical couplers. Outputs include trip contacts, signal contacts,
LEDs, and an alphanumeric LCD on the operator panel. You can program the binary inputs,
output contacts, and LEDs as discussed in Chapter 5, “Programming the Relay.”
Using the operator panel keypad and LCD, you can read or change the system, protection, and
relay configuration settings, access and read the relay’s measured values, and review the target
history logs for the last three faults. This interaction with the relay can also be accomplished using
DIGSIÒ software on a personal computer connected to the serial interface port on the operator
panel (refer to Figure 2-1 in Chapter 2, “Product Description”).
An integrated DC-to-DC converter supplies multiple voltages to the relay subsystems as follows:
Voltage Subsystem
+24 V Output relays
±15 V A/D converters
+12 V EEPROMs
+ 5V CPU and associated logic
The relay can withstand a loss of input supply voltage for 50 milliseconds (VH ³ 110 V) without
going out of service (refer to Reference D, “Specifications”).
A.2 Distance Protection Overview

Distance protection is the main function of the 7SA511 relay. Depending on the model, you can
choose from three different fault detector combinations to ensure the optimal protection for the
protected system. The fault detector combinations can be any one of the following:
· Overcurrent (7SA511*-**A51-****)
· Overcurrent, Voltage-controlled overcurrent, and Polygonal impedance (7SA511*-
**A52-****)
· Overcurrent and Voltage-controlled overcurrent (7SA511*-**A53-****)
In addition to the above fault detectors, an independent distance-to-fault function is provided.
July 27, 1995 A-7

When a fault is detected the following procedures are initiated:
· Trip delays
· Determination of the faulted line loop(s)
· Release of trip commands
· Auxiliary functions
· Identification of the faulty phase(s)
The overcurrent fault detection unit is used for high fault current detection. If there is no
significant difference between normal current (including overload) and short circuit current, then
the voltage controlled overcurrent or polygonal impedance fault detection unit must be used.
Power systems with highly fluctuating system impedance or systems using short circuit current
limiting devices also require voltage controlled overcurrent or polygonal impedance fault
detection units.
A.2.1 Ground Fault Detection and Processing

An important element for all fault detection methods is the detection of a ground fault since the
determination of the fault type or faulty line loop depends on whether or not it is a ground fault.
The 7SA511 relay is equipped with restraint measurement of the ground current as well as
detection of the displacement voltage. Fault detection is suppressed in the case of single-phase
ground faults in ungrounded or reactance-grounded systems.
The ground current detector monitors the fundamental wave of the total of the phase currents (IE
= 3I0) in comparison with the threshold value. It is restrained against faulty pickup caused by
asymmetric operating currents or distorted currents in the secondary circuit of the current
transformers (CTs) resulting from different CT saturation with ground-free short circuits. The
actual pickup value is automatically increased as the phase currents increase. In Figure A-2, with
an example for setting IE>/IN = 0.2, the horizontal branch is shifted according to different settings.
The reset value is 95% of the pickup value.
A-8 July 27, 1995

IE>
IN
1.0
IE pick-up
0.8
0.6
0.4 Pickup
0.2
IE reset
10%
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Iph max
IN
Figure A-2. Ground Current Detector Characteristic
The displacement voltage detector monitors the fundamental wave of the displacement voltage
(VE = 3 V0) in comparison with the set threshold value. The reset value is 95% of the pickup
value.
In grounded systems (solidly or resistance grounded), the pickup of the ground current monitor
or the displacement voltage monitor lead to pickup of the ground fault detector. Detection of a
ground fault on its own is not announced, and it does not lead to a general fault detection signal of
the distance protection. It does, however, control the other fault detection elements.
In ungrounded systems (isolated or compensated starpoint), the displacement voltage monitor is

not used for ground fault detection. When a single-phase fault detection occurs in these systems, a
single-phase ground fault is initially assumed and detection is suppressed to prevent faulty pickup
by the oscillation transients on the occurrence of a simple ground fault. Pickup is enabled again
following an adjustable delay time (address 1801); this is necessary so that the distance protection
is still able to recognize a double ground fault with one base point on a spur feeder. A ground
fault that is already present in the system is detected by the displacement voltage monitor, so the
delay is not effective—a fault which now occurs in another phase can only be a double-phase
ground fault.
A.2.2 Overcurrent Fault Detection

Overcurrent fault detection in the 7SA511 relay is a phase-dedicated fault detection procedure.
Following digital filtering, the currents in each phase are monitored in comparison with a set
threshold value. A pickup signal is output for the phase(s) for which the set threshold has been
exceeded.
To enable measured value selection, the phase-dedicated fault detection signals are converted into
phase-loop information (see section A.3). In grounded systems, this process is carried out accord-
ing to the ground fault detection function and the parameter, 1PH FAULTS, selected for single-
July 27, 1995 A-9

phase pickup without ground fault detection. In ungrounded system, the multi-phase loop is
always selected in the case of a single-phase pickup without ground fault detection.
The faulty phases are indicated (see Table A-1). The overcurrent fault detector is reset when the
pickup value is below 95%.
Table A-1. Single-Phase Overcurrent Fault Detection

Fault Detection Ground Fault Parameter (1705) Resultant Loop Annunciation
Module Detection 1PH FAULTS
L1 no PHASE-PHASE L3-L1 L1
L2 no (Uph - Uph) L1-L2 L2
L3 no L2-L3 L3
L1 no PHASE-EARTH * L1-E L1
L2 no (Uph - E) L2-E L2
L3 no L3-E L3
L1 yes irrelevant L1-E L1, E
L2 yes L2-E L2, E
L3 yes L3-E L3, E
* Only applicable for grounded systems.
A.2.3 Polygonal Impedance Fault Detection (Optional)

Polygonal impedance fault detection is a loop-dedicated fault detection procedure. Either the
three phase-to-phase loops (without ground fault) or the three phase-to-ground loops (with
ground fault) are monitored depending on the result of the ground fault detection. For
measurement of a loop impedance, at least one of the assigned phase currents as well as the
difference current decisive for the loop must have exceeded the minimum operating current value
Iph>.
The impedances are calculated separately for resistance, R, and reactance, X, in cyclic time
intervals and compared with the set values of any of the six line loops for which the current
conditions are met. A measured value step change monitor is used to synchronize the
measurement window on occurrence of a fault. The calculation procedure is the same as that
described for distance measurement.
The polygonal impedance fault detector utilizes a special “dog bone” characteristic (Figure A-3)
to provide secure pickup for faults without pickup on load. The X-intersections X+A and X-A are
decisive for the fault reach in the forward and reverse directions respectively. The R-intersections
can be set differently for multi-phase loops (RA1) and phase-to-ground loops (RA1E). It is therefore
possible, for example, to permit a larger fault resistance tolerance for ground faults (bold dotted
lines in Figure A-3). Extension of the polygon in the R-direction is only valid when a ground fault
has been detected as described in the previous section.
In order to guarantee the criteria for distinction between load operation and a short-circuit,
especially in the case of long, heavily loaded lines, the characteristics can be set dependent on the
A-10 July 27, 1995

phase angle with the RA2 intersection applicable for phase angles above 45°, and the RA1
intersection applicable for phase angles below 45°.
X
X+A
Forward
direction
45° RAE
RA1
R
RA2
Reverse
direction
X-A
Figure A-3. Impedance Fault Detection Characteristic
July 27, 1995 A-11

To avoid intermittent pickup signals near the perimeter of the characteristic, a hysteresis of 6% is
provided.
Pickup results for the measurement loop in which the impedance vector lies within the fault
detection polygon (shaded area in Figure A-3). If detection occurs in more than one loop, the
relay regards as valid all loops whose impedance is not greater than 150% of that smallest
impedance. This avoids incorrect pickup signals which could be caused by the influence of the
fault currents and voltages on the unfaulted line loops, especially in cases of small source
impedances.
The impedance fault detection for phase-to-ground loops is supplemented by the overcurrent
element (I>>) where pickup of only the overcurrent element leads to detection if the associated
impedance loop has been eliminated as described above. In this manner, double faults with a high
current are also detected even though the fault loop has been eliminated. Since the overcurrent
element can only re-establish eliminated loops for pickup, erroneous fault detection due to an
overcurrent is prevented if the short-circuit currents in the fault-free phases can exceed the set
overcurrent value on ungrounded feeding transformers or grounded consumer transformers.
Impedance fault detection can be used only for ground faults where the phase-to-ground
measurement is enabled by ground fault detection. Phase-phase faults in this case are detected
with high-set overcurrent (I>>) element. This detection program is only of advantage in systems
with limiters for ground currents (grounded with low impedance—resistance grounding) where a
short-circuit current, sufficient for pickup by the overcurrent element, flows for phase-to-phase
faults but not for phase-to-ground faults. Ground-free faults are thus detected by the high-set
overcurrent element (I>>).
Pickup caused by single-phase ground faults in ungrounded systems is suppressed by the measures
described in section A.2.1.
A.2.4 Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detection (Optional)

Voltage controlled overcurrent (a.k.a. underimpedance) fault detection is a phase-dedicated fault
detection procedure which also takes loop information into consideration. The basic characteristic
is shown in Figure A-4. Phase pickup occurs when the minimum operating current Iph>, is
exceeded. Above this current, voltage controlled overcurrent detection, whose slope is defined by
the parameters V(Iph>) and V(Iph>>), is effective. A high-set overcurrent element I>> is
superimposed in the case of short-circuits of high current. The bold dots in Figure A-4 identify the
setting parameters which determine the geometry of the current/voltage characteristic.
Fault detection of a phase is reset when the respective current is less than 95%, or the respective
voltage is greater than 105%. The shaded area in Figure A-4 identifies the fault detection area.
A-12 July 27, 1995

V
70
60
V(Iph>>)
50
V(Iph>)
40
30
Pickup
20
10
Iph> Iph>>
0
0 I/IN
1 2 3
Figure A-4. Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detection Characteristic
Each of the three fault detection modules is controlled by the phase-to-ground voltages (VPh-E) or
the phase-to-phase voltages (VPh-Ph). You must program the relay to indicate whether the phase-
to-ground voltages (VPh-E) or the phase-to-phase voltages (VPh-Ph) are decisive, or whether this
depends on the ground fault detection as described in section A.2.1. Optimum control largely
depends on whether the system neutral is grounded with a low impedance (resistance grounded),
is solidly grounded, or is not grounded (isolated or compensated).
Control with phase-to-ground voltage (VPh-E) is characterized by a high sensitivity to ground

short-circuits and is, therefore, particularly advantageous in grounded systems. It is automatically
adapted to the existing load conditions (i.e., it becomes more current sensitive during low-load
operation), and the pickup threshold is higher in the case of high load currents. Table A-2 shows
the assignment of the phase currents, loop voltages and output results with single-phase pickup if
control with phase-to-ground voltages is selected.
Table A-2. Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detection - With Phase-to-Ground Voltages
Fault Detection Measured Measured Ground Parameter (1705) Resultant Annunciation
Module Current Voltage Fault 1PH FAULTS Loop
Detection
L1 L1 L1-E no PHASE-PHASE L3-L1 L1
L2 L2 L2-E no (Uph - Uph) L1-L2 L2
L3 L3 L3-E no L2-L3 L3
L1 L1 L1-E no PHASE-EARTH* L1-E L1
L2 L2 L2-E no (Uph - E) L2-E L2
L3 L3 L3-E no L3-E L3
L1 L1 L1-E yes irrelevant L1-E L1, E
L2 L2 L2-E yes L2-E L2, E
* Only applicable for grounded systems
July 27, 1995 A-13

In grounded systems, the measured line loop depends on the ground fault detection function
(section A.2.1) and the parameter, 1PH FAULTS (address 1705), selected according to Table A-
2. In ungrounded system, the phase-to-phase loop is always selected in the case of a single-phase
pickup without ground fault detection. The faulty phases are identified.
Sensitivity is particularly high in phase-to-phase faults when controlling with phase-to-phase

voltages (VPh-Ph). This control is advantageous with compensated systems because its principle
excludes pickup by single ground faults. It is adapted automatically to the existing load conditions
in the case of two-phase and three-phase faults (i.e., it becomes more current sensitive during
low-load operation), and the pickup threshold is higher in the case of high load currents. Table A-
3 shows the assignment of the phase currents, loop voltages and output results with single-phase
pickup if control with phase-to-phase voltages is selected.
Table A-3. Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detection - With Phase-to Phase Voltages
Fault Measured Measured Ground Fault Parameter Resultant Annunciation
Detection Current Voltage Detection (1705) Loop
Module 1PH FAULTS
L1 L1 L1-L2 irrelevant irrelevant L1-L2 L1
L2 L2 L2-L3 L2-L3 L2
L3 L3 L3-L1 L3-L1 L3
If the voltage loops are set to be dependent on the ground fault detection, the high sensitivity for
phase-to-ground faults then also applies to phase-to-phase faults. This possibility is, in principle,
independent of the treatment of the system neutral; it assumes, however, that the ground fault
criteria according to section A.2.1 have been satisfied safely for all ground faults. Table A-4
applies to the fault detection program for phase-to-ground or phase-to-phase voltages with single-
phase pickup.
Table A-4. Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detection - Phase-to Ground Voltages With
Ground Fault and Phase-to-Phase Voltages Without Ground Fault
Fault Measured Measured Ground Fault Parameter Resultant Annunciation
Detection Current Voltage Detection (1705) Loop
Module 1PH FAULTS
L1 L1 L1-L2 no irrelevant L1-L2 L1
L2 L2 L2-L3 no L2-L3 L2
L3 L3 L3-L1 no L3-L1 L3
It is also possible to control with phase-to-ground voltage loops (VPh-E) when a ground fault has
been detected. Detection for phase-to-phase faults then takes place only with high-set overcurrent
(I>>). This option is advantageous in systems with a low-impedance ground (resistance
grounding) when only ground faults are to be detected by the voltage controlled overcurrent fault
detection. The measured loop is independent of the parameter 1PH FAULTS. Table A-5 shows
A-14 July 27, 1995

the assignment of the phase currents, loop voltages and output results for single-phase pickup
with ground fault detection only.
Table A-5. Single-Phase, Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Fault Detection - Phase-to-Ground

Voltage With Ground Fault Detection Only
Fault Detection Measured Measured Ground Fault Parameter (1705) Resultant Annunciation
Module Current Voltage Detection 1PH FAULTS Loop
L1 L1 L1-E no irrelevant no pickup and annunciation
L2 L2 L2-E no by VPH-E</I>
L3 L3 L3-E no
A.3 Determination of the Faulted Loops
A.3.1 Verification of the Faulted Loop(s)

The currents and voltages of the faulty loop are used for calculation of the fault impedance. The
phase selective fault detector determines the faulted loop and determines the corresponding
measurement values for impedance calculation. The selection of valid short circuit loops varies
considerably, depending upon whether the system is grounded, isolated, or compensated.
For example, when calculating the impedance of a phase-to-phase loop for a two phase short
circuit in L1-L2 (Figure A-5), the following identity applies:
I L1 ZL − I L2 ZL = VL1 − VL1
where V and I are complex measured values (phasors),

and Z = R + jX is the complex line impedance.
The line impedance is
VL1 − VL 2
ZL = .
I L1 − I L 2
July 27, 1995 A-15

IL1 ZL
L1
VL1
IL2 ZL
L2
VL2
L3
Figure A-5. Phase-to-Phase Short Circuit Loop
For calculation of a phase-to-ground loop for a short circuit in L3-E (Figure A-6), observe that
the impedance of the ground return path is not normally equal to the impedance of the phase. In
the loop equation
I L 3 ZL − I E ZE = VL 3− E ,
ZE
ZE is replaced by ZL , which gives us
ZL
Z
I L 3 ZL − I E ZL E = VL 3− E ,
ZL
from which you obtain the line impedance

VL 3− E
ZL = ,
ZE
I L3 − IE
ZL
Z
whereby the factor E is dependent only upon the line constants and not on the distance to the
ZL
fault.
A-16 July 27, 1995

L1
L2
IL3 ZL
L3
VL3-E
IE ZE
E
Figure A-6. Phase-to-Ground Short Circuit Loop
A.3.2 Fault Loop Determination in Grounded Systems

In power systems with grounded neutrals, each contact of a phase with ground is a short circuit
that must be interrupted immediately by the nearest protective device. Fault detection occurs in
the faulted loop.
With double faults, pickup normally occurs in two phases and ground (overcurrent detection) or
for two phase-to-ground loops (impedance detection). In this case, it is possible to set the relay so
that preference is given to one of the fault loops. Only the phase-to-phase loop, the loop of the
leading phase-to-ground, or the loop of the lagging phase-to-ground will be selected.
Note: In grounded power systems, the relay must be connected to three wye-connected
VTs with grounded primary common and to three CTs. The common connection
for the CTs should be connected to the ground current input of the relay. If the
current input of the relay is fed from other current sources, such as from the
common connection of the CT set of a parallel line for parallel line compensation,
the relay calculates the ground fault from the sum of the three phase currents. If
the VTs have residual voltage windings, these should be connected in broken-
delta to the voltage input to enable the relay to monitor the VTs’ secondary
circuits.
Table A-6 and Table A-7 show the measurement quantities used for distance measurement in
grounded systems.
July 27, 1995 A-17

Table A-6. Selected Measurement Quantities in Grounded Systems, with

Overcurrent Fault Detection (With or Without Voltage Control)
Fault Detection Phases Selected Loop Selected Setting Parameter
L1, E L1-E irrelevant
L2, E L2-E
L3, E L3-E
L1, L2 L1-L2 irrelevant
L2, L3 L2-L3
L1, L3 L3-L1
L1, L2, E L1-L2 2PH-E FLTS =
L2, L3, E L2-L3 PHASE-PHASE
L1, L3, E L3-L1
L1, L2, E L1-E 2PH-E FLTS =
L2, L3, E L2-E LEADING PH-E
L1, L3, E L3-E
L1, L2, E L2-E 2PH-E FLTS =
L2, L3, E L3-E LAGGING PH-E
L1, L3, E L1-E
L1, L2, L3 L3-L1 3PH FAULTS =
L1, L2, L3, E L3-E E/F CONTROL
L1, L2, L3 L3-L1 3PH FAULTS =
L1, L2, L3, E L3-L1 PH-PH ONLY
L1, L2, L3 L3-E 3PH FAULTS =
L1, L2, L3, E L3-E PH-E ONLY
A-18 July 27, 1995

Table A-7. Selected Measurement Quantities in Grounded Systems, with

Impedance Fault Detection
Fault Detection Selected Loop Selected Setting Parameter
Phase Loops
L1-E L1-E irrelevant
L2-E L2-E
L3-E L3-E
L1-L2 L1-L2 irrelevant
L2-L3 L2-L3
L3-L1 L3-L1
L1-E, L2-E L1-L2 2PH-E FLTS =
L2-E, L3-E L2-L3 PHASE-PHASE
L1-E, L3-E L3-L1
L1-E, L2-E L1-E 2PH-E FLTS =
L2-E, L3-E L2-E LEADING PH-E
L1-E, L3-E L3-E
L1-E, L2-E L2-E 2PH-E FLTS =
L2-E, L3-E L3-E LAGGING PH-E
L1-E, L3-E L1-E
L1-L2, L2-L3 L1-L2 irrelevant
L2-L3, L3-L1 L2-L3
L3-L1, L1-L2 L3-L1
L1-E, L2-E, L3-E L3-E 3PH FAULTS =
L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L1 L3-L1 E/F CONTROL
L1-E, L2-E, L3-E L3-L1 3PH FAULTS =
L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L1 L3-L1 PH-PH ONLY
L1-E, L2-E, L3-E L3-E 3PH FAULTS =
L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L1 L3-E PH-E ONLY
A.3.3 Fault Loop Determination in Ungrounded Systems (Optional)

In isolated or compensated networks, currents resembling a short circuit are not present in the
case of a single-phase ground fault. Only a displacement of the voltage triangle occurs, as
illustrated in Figure A-7, and this condition does not represent any immediate danger to network
operation. In this case, the distance protection must not trip since the phase-to-ground voltage of
the faulty phase is zero throughout the network. A trip would lead to, at each measuring point, a
measured impedance equal to zero for the faulty phase-to-ground loop. Therefore, pickup of one
single phase-to-ground fault detector is avoided in the 7SA511 relay.
July 27, 1995 A-19

7SA511 Numerical Line Protection Relay: Operator Manual

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

7SA511 Numerical Line Protection Relay: Operator Manual

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

7SA511 V2.

Manual No. SG-8108-01

Chapter 1 Introduction .......................................................................................... 1-1

Chapter 2 Product Description .............................................................................. 2-1

Chapter 3 Acceptance Tests .................................................................................. 3-1

Chapter 4 Installation ............................................................................................ 4-1

Chapter 5 Programming the Relay ......................................................................... 5-1

Chapter 6 Displaying System and Relay Information.............................................. 6-1

Chapter 7 Commissioning the Relay ...................................................................... 7-1

Chapter 8 Maintenance.......................................................................................... 8-1

Reference A. Method of Operation............................................................................ A-1

Reference B. Hardware and Software........................................................................ B-1

Reference C. Communications................................................................................... C-1

Reference D. Specifications....................................................................................... D-1

Reference E. Settings Calculations .............................................................................E-1

Reference F. Setting Worksheets ...............................................................................F-1

Reference G. Input/Output Functions ........................................................................ G-1

July 27, 1995 i

ii July 27, 1995

1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1-3

Figure 1-1. Reading the 7SA511 Relay Model Number. ..........................................................1-7

July 27, 1995 1-1

This page intentionally blank

1-2 July 27, 1995

This manual is divided into two parts:

Table 1-1. Using This Manual.

July 27, 1995 1-3

1.2 Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations

Abbreviations and Acronyms

1-4 July 27, 1995

block 1. Prevent normal operation or function.

drop-off Drop-out (used in the LCD text).

drop-out Return to a normal or no-fault state.

earth Electrical ground.

high-set An overcurrent protection element that operates independently of the

marshalling Configuring the I/O units (LEDs, trip relays, etc.)

July 27, 1995 1-5

stage A protection element; a group of protection parameters that, at a

starpoint Common connection point in wye-connected electrical equipment; the

target System device to which a command or signal is directed.

trip Activate a trip relay or open a circuit breaker.

1.3 Relay Model Number

1-6 July 27, 1995

Line Protection Relay 7SA511 A5

Overcurrent fault detection 1

without AR without PCO A

Figure 1-1. Reading the 7SA511 Relay Model Number.

July 27, 1995 1-7

This page intentionally blank

1-8 July 27, 1995

2. Product Description ............................................................................................................ 2-3

July 27, 1995 2-1

This page intentionally blank

2-2 July 27, 1995

July 27, 1995 2-3

2.2 Relay Features

2.3 Relay Setting Types

2-4 July 27, 1995

2.3.1 Relay Setting Descriptions (by Address Block)

Table 2-1. 7SA511 Relay Primary Address Blocks.

July 27, 1995 2-5

Address LCD Text Description

2-6 July 27, 1995