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FS 21 W PDF
FS 21 W PDF
Safe food guidelines for small meat and poultry processors FS-21-W
of meat and poultry products. Within the Sanitation Meat and poultry processors are required to adhere
regulations are requirements to produce wholesome to Sanitation program requirements in 9 CFR 416.
foods under sanitary conditions and specific Sanitation USDA enforces 9 CFR 416, while FDA enforces 21 CFR
Standard Operating Procedures (SSOPs). When 110. Meat and poultry plants are responsible for
developing SSOPs to meet USDA-FSIS requirements, it preventing adulteration of their products through their
is helpful to review GMPs for nonmeat products (21 written Sanitation program. Practically speaking, the
CFR 110 www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_ meat and poultry processor should understand and
02/21cfr110_02.html), since FDA includes extensive know GMPs, because they can serve as a valuable guide
details on defining sanitary conditions and allowable and tool when formulating the plant’s Sanitation
practices. program.
Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) regulations 2. Let’s look at some cGMPs
were first introduced in 1969 by the FDA as Part 128 of Let’s look at the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
the Code of Federal Regulations to further implement under Title 21and Part 110; so go to the Code of
the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. In 1977 this was Federal Regulations (www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/cfr-
recoded as Part 110, and it was further revised and table-search.html - page1), scroll down to Title 21 that
updated in 1986, to what is now regarded as cGMPs covers Food and Drugs and select the latest revision.
(current GMPs). Next, select the range that includes Part 110 that is
Current Good Manufacturing Practice in
manufacturing, packing, and holding human foods.
Finally, browse through the GMPs to get a general
GMP regulations are designed to overview of the regulations and how they are written.
control the risk of contaminating 2.1 cGMPs and personal hygiene
foods with filth, chemicals, Cross-contamination of food by foodhandlers is the
microbes, and other means during most frequent cause of contamination. Employee
their manufacture. hygiene is essential, because the hygienic condition and
habits of workers determine the amount of cross-
contamination from worker to food products. It cannot
be overemphasized that clean, sanitary workers are
1.1 GMPs categories necessary to produce clean, sanitary food products.
1. General maintenance of physical facilities Many cGMPs focus directly on reducing foodhandler
2. Cleaning and sanitizing of equipment and utensils contamination. Look at Code of Federal Regulations
3. Storage and handling of clean equipment and (CFR) Title 21, Part 110.10 (http://a257.g.akamaitech.
utensils net/7/257/2422/10apr20061500/edocket.access.gpo.
4. Pest control gov/cfr_2006/aprqtr/21cfr110.10.htm). Examples of
5. Proper use and storage of cleaning compounds, personal hygiene include washing hands, removing
sanitizers, and pesticides jewelry, and maintaining personal cleanliness. Also, the
6. Employee training food processor should provide training for new employees
in personal hygiene based on cGMPs, and that training
7. Plant design should be part of a formal, written training program
8. Quality assurance assessment that consists of instruction in proper handwashing,
These are the umbrella GMPs for all FDA-inspected personal cleanliness, and sanitary hygiene.
food processing establishments regardless of size.
EXAMPLE:
Specific GMPs establish regulations for particular
GMPs Involved: Sanitary facilities and controls, 21
industries and products and are in addition to the
CFR 110.37e (http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/
umbrella GMPs. For example, there are specific GMPs
2422/10apr20061500/edocket.access.gpo.gov/
for seafood processors and dairy processors.
cfr_2006/aprqtr/21cfr110.37.htm).
2
SSOP and GMP Practices and Programs (FS-21-W)
3
SSOP and GMP Practices and Programs (FS-21-W)
4
SSOP and GMP Practices and Programs (FS-21-W)
Purdue Extension
Other publications in this series Acknowledgement
FS-20-W, Small Meat Processing Plants: Overview of The author would like to acknowledge the financial
HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) support of the United States Department of
} www.ces.purdue.edu/extmedia/FS/FS-20-W.pdf Agriculture/Food Safety Inspection Service/Strategic
FS-22-W, Small Meat Processing Plants: A Pest Control Initiatives, Partnerships, and Outreach Office in
Program developing this fact sheet. This fact sheet was developed
} www.ces.purdue.edu/extmedia/FS/FS-22-W.pdf with a portion of the funds provided from cooperative
agreement FSIS-C-30-2003.
FS-23-W, Small Meat Processing Plants: A Recall and
Traceability Program For additional information
} www.ces.purdue.edu/extmedia/FS/FS-23-W.pdf Kevin Keener
FS-24-W, Small Meat Processing Plants: Verification Associate professor, food process engineer, and
Programs Extension specialist
} www.ces.purdue.edu/extmedia/FS/FS-24-W.pdf Director, Food Technology Development Laboratory
Purdue Department of Food Science
FS-25-W, Small Meat Processing Plants: Selection and West Lafayette, IN 47907-2009
Maintenance of Temperature Measurement Devices Phone: (765) 494-6648
} www.ces.purdue.edu/extmedia/FS/FS-25-W.pdf kkeener@purdue.edu
Additional resources
Purdue Department of Food Science,
} www.foodsci.purdue.edu/outreach
Food Safety and Inspection Service of the USDA,
} www.fsis.usda.gov
New 9/07