18-3-1, ® Tost oroftrom shins rot loaded orunieaded (Salary of an operator as a function of thew experience | Lost proft fom lost productviy of urtised (g) Salanes of operators, cost of equpment Lost prott due to lost productivity of materials ot Sa 1 ABwed = pal? oP, = (172) andi (th= 202 ‘The enswers to (a) through (d) are based on the following identities: co) nxn s —X_ Eix| (=x? @ nzyn 2 2x2 4 _ x igre 2, (ex? * Gy? @ Yoodxe = Be8 6x2 ker a0 (ext (te? ex)? D wf xe dx = 1 (1 -9-ob-gbe-ab) lo a? « [remoe lo a? ta | x20 % dx =D? 9-cb, 2b g-aby 2 9-ab A a a? as jy f x80 dx = 8 0 a4 @ EW ¥ (10n+2n2)P, = 10 > n(tjy" 42 F na(tyr om aS any” 2 -6 Dn(ty+ F nat)" nad 2 ned 2 fy bY18.3-B. Contiimea ) 2_|,/20" | 3 5 15 ty te ol ae Pyare) oP ag ap @) EQWC] » AE{h(w)] = | (25w+w3)i2e-2) dw lo -»f wetran sal wi e-24dw = by(v)and( vii) lo 200 Bo as Iap2 @) - een Ewa nse? x10 (ese (ooo ou 2 5 ewe) - Y ion". ened)". nso 2 nad = 204419 - 2a079 128 {b) 1 ewe «2 f w(2e-2dw +21 w%20-2") dw fo A oe -e--20-2y wale? 4 20-2, 20-2] 2 L2 2? 23) = 18072 S07? wt420°2 =1.271 (82eB a) L serveris optional (ean arrival rate) (mean service rate) (servers) Puiwr)= 0.1359383 oe when t= 4 oe Problag>t)= 0.1082682 whent= 1 Poe 02 Pe 18 Pee 0128 (costserverturit me) Ge= 19 (waiting costnit trme) Be c.1024 CostefSevice= 100 Pe= posts [Cost of Waiting = 40 Pe= 9.085596. TotalCost= 140. Pe= goszazes by 2 servers are optimal Data 0.95238005 15238003 (ean arial rat (mean service rate) (@ servers) 0.11908762 Prert)= 00024786 0.01904762 whan t= 1 o4 Prob(o,r}= —0,00090%5 vten = 1 042957143 o.3azesri4 03714288 oosassria ooztsazes 000377714 0.00361086 e Gy 100 (waiting costunit fre; [Cost of Servico= 200 ICost of Waiting = 95238005 Total Sost= 296.2381 100 (costserverunit time) 18-3©) 3 servers are optimal. (jnean ava (081652002 (ean servioe 0.01a52082 de servers) 010296511 Por) = 0.0008834 .00288511 when : 026868657 Prob(wpt) = 00001742 when t= 1 04a718047 038772358, C= 19 fcostserveriitime) o.14308982 S.= 400 twang eastunittime) 003818718 JCostofSerice= 30 o.0r017526 Icost of Waiting = 8.892002 0027134 Total Cost= _111.89209 0.03072387 he Jim should operate 4 eash registers during the lunch hour. Data Results i= 68 {mean arivalrater 2ATTTO6 20 (mean service rate) 02771986 4 servers) 903753331 PRO) = 1871606 o.0019898 whon t= 4 085 Prob(op)= 754-07 when t= 1 0.104562 02300864 C= 9 (costsenvewunittine) o.2sscan0s Ce 18 (waiting cosvunttmey 0.1658827 [CostofSenice= 36 o.10208048 [Cost of Watng= 44.589575, 008813272 Total Cost = _80.580575 o.030672988.43, Garrett- Tompkins should have 6 copiers. Data (fnean anival rater k= 12 (rrean service rate) # servers) Probier= 0.00038 whent= 1 GE 4S (castsonvertunit time) Cus 25 (waiting costunit time) Cost of Service = 8 ost of Waiting 3.347229 Total Gost= 72.247229 o.03388915 o.0ss48207 0.00112964 o.4t656867 0.08162028 9.20406065 0.28606831 021255276 013284547 o.cee4a774 o.c2767618seid ° for N= 0 a4 w= 5.65 =20and g(a) « 120 for Net 1204 180(N-1) for We 2 E[we] = = a(n) PaaS, Poe io N- Py. Pa n=? n=? = 120(1-Pp}4+180[L-Py]-180(1-Pg-P4] = 60P,,+ 1801-60 Pot | EITC) 4.0} 672.00 | 209 | 692.00 40.0 1176.80 [eno “1974.60 44} 0 T 110,40 | 99.0 1190.40 Hence, et =3.and E{TC]= $174.60 perhour S8.4°5 5) Model 2, with 6 fixed (equalto 1), A={40, 60), 10 for p= AC = 30 15 for w= That is, we must choose between a slow server (cashier) and a fast server rr (cashier + box boy) (byE{WC] = KE[h( Wy] =AE | .05) W] = 24.05) W= (05) L=(.05)-_A Theretore we have wok a, a minimum so 1 Hence the status quo should be maintained. Ashe Rede, Px= Bo, Py=4o. Thus, Pex 0b + Py = 75 Ee Ex= a how = Brae, EWys To bow» 6 -T) = (900 Teeny campus aifeene < boo (8-6 “ :a84-7 Data Results a ymean erival Tae) 5 mean service rate) 1 4# servers) 0.967 87e4 1 p= os Prablapt) = 0.2948036 when f= 1 Poe 02 Ra 0.16 PO+P1+P2+234P4= 0.87232 Pee 0.128; Pe 0.5024) Poe 0.08192 The train does not meet any of the criteria b) Results Trean arnval rave Ta 14081273) Le= 0,89842719] [mean service rate (# sewers} We 0,9745916¢ Pri@>t) = °0.0682522 Wa= 0.2246068) when 1 p= 0.59970015 Po= 9.a002e085| Pr= 9 24005983 Fe= 0.14396395| Pam o.oasass2| Fe= 0.05177625| PO+P14+P2+PasPaa o.s22434109 ‘The forklift truck meets all the criteria, ¢) Tractor-trailer train: L($20)+$50 = $130/hour Forklift truck: 1(§20)+8150 = $180/hour d) The forklift tuck should be chosen, B48 a) L=1s 18-7ABA-5 (ont) » 0.2 wean arival rate) 8883933 (mean service rate) 1 i servers) ¢) TCtAlternative 1} TCiAlternative 2) = $100 + ($100}(L) $70 + ($100\L) = $220 i205, Alternative 2 should be adopied. 284 285°9 sy anarnate A, tho system has Poisson input wih = 1M5, Elan cence wihk=2 and = 106 and ‘52. For Aternative B, the system has Poisson input with A= 1 £45, Erlang service with kw 2 and j= { 2'Band s= 1, Planes acive atthe rate of ono every 45 hours or, equivalently, 8760 / 45 = 195 arrivals p2r year. Sinca each plane goes to the maistenance shop five times a year, there are approximately 195/5 = 29 planes. So, for Alternative A, E [ SC ] « $100,000 x 39 / 8760 = $1780.82 per hour and for Alternative B, E [ SC ] = $550,000 x 39 / 8760 = $2448.63 per hour. (4) Also for Alternative A, 9 = —45___- 2 = | = 91 from Fig. 18.13 (a (ty 8 i) andor Atematve 8, L=(Lxk\(__A* | 4 23. + 4st aeMroa-ai) HES ed 18/118 45. 18) So choose Alternative B with € [TC ] = $4248.63 per nour. 184-20 2) Data (near arrival rate) (exsected service time} (standard deviation} (servers) b) Data ‘(mean arrival rale, (expected service time) la 2,16267563} {standard deviation) (# serversi We 59,2575125] ©) The new proposal shows that they will be slightly better off if they switch to the new queueing system. d} TC (status que) = $40 + (L,)($20) = $85/hour TC (proposal) = $40 + (L,3($20) =ABS 4 L=2 Wels 03 w= w-1=667-5=1 67 H 6.67 én L, = AW, = 0.3(1.67)=0.5 ‘mean arrival ratey (expected service time) 1.19 (standard deviation} 9) revanemative 1 TC(Alternative = $3000 + (S150XL) = $3,300 $2750 + ($150XL) Allternative | should be adopted. 484-12 For the status quo. the system has Poisson input with A = 15, exponential service with jt = 15,$ «1 and limited waiting room with k= 4, These is awaiting cost of 6 W., for each custemer due to lass of good will and also waiting cost of $45 per hour when the system is full (4 cars in system) due to oss of notertia’ customers. So E[TC]=E[WC]=.6W,+45P4= GL qs 45Py Inthis case, & = 1,50 Foe bos Pye ad natok Pan dh Ket ° kat k Le ES onPae te Eon Keketd n=1 +1 = L-A-Pp ek te Maa OPolna tee 2 ts 3 Tun E111" 81675} + 45 (175) = $16.20 8 fot heue0 ane For Propasal 1. the system has Poisson input with A = 15, exponenla! service with t= 20 and 5 ation to he wailing cost cf 6 Lg due tof of good wil, here isan expacted wailing cost ol $2 per customer that waits longer than 1 /2 hour betore his car is ready. alue ofthis sing coe pats Boge than re his ear is ready. The oxpected value ofthis addtional 2AP(W>1/2}a220°H(1-P) 2.399 °25 ~ 246 Abo, 61, «—O"_. 82225 ~ 1350 Waa)” 20x55 ln Hence, E [TC] =3+ 13.50 +2.46 = 18.96 per hour (where 3s the: Hones EE er hour (where 3 is the capitalized cost of the new Ear Prooosal2, the system has a Poison mput with b= 15, Erlang sence with j= 30 and k= 2, and « 4. The onl wating costs Gt due to oes ct good wi, nihivease, ° te (SEAS) ri [- 2285) = 8 - 0975. Hone, €(16]=10 4225 «1225 Summerzing, Status Quo: E[1C]=0 +64 + 45P4 = 16.20 Proposal 1:E(TC]=3+6L,+30P{We21/2} = 18.96 Proposal 2:E[1C]=10+61q=10+2.25 = 12.25 Hence, Proposal 2 should be adopted. (8-94-13 2) The customers are trucks to be loaded or unloaded and the servers are crews, ‘The system currently has 1 server, b) Data Results Te san eral aay T= 0.83333835] we 4 (mean service rate) ‘s= 0,08398998 s= tt servers) Pria>t) = 00407871 when t= Problast = 0.0124468 when t= © Data T= 1 {mean ertval rater He 8 {mean service rate} = 0.16886687 Sst sowverst we 0.5} Pret) 1353353 ‘Wa = 0.16666687| when t= p= 0,8333338 Problapit = 0.0451 116 when t= Po= o.666666s7| a) Data Results Tear anivel raley {mear. service race) (# servers) Pras) = 0.d67E7Be whan t= Prob(aipt) = 9.1088087 whent= 4 ©) Acne person team should not be considered since that would lead to a utilization factor of p=1 which is not permitted in this model. F&g) Total cost = ($20# on crew)+($30)(L,) TCE4 members) = (20)(4)+/30)(0.0833) = $82.50/our TC(3 members) = (20)(3)4(300.167) = $65/hour TC(2 members) = (20)(2)4(30\(0.5) = $55/hour A crew of 2 people will minimize the expected total cost per hour. 13-10Since clearly E{sc] >50.49 for sre,ct Feltons that s*= 3. 384-14 det, Ue bn, Bus Bs = aa Hourly ost = Cla) = 18n+ 20EAl = 18m + Zz oe te Be etn) ro convex. Enamerda cin) af Mela,3,-° bx can sesily foal that Olt) attain Uz minimuen ( when mr os sstyor} at n=2. Se, too leaders wendd minimie the fed hook a hoo mintmie the eaped 4 Ie4-15 1 Ae? , El= ie Bye oot = clu) = BH + GoETAe St Toe ctu = 5 Hise Se when pet op Altains 45 mininuer Then » the hourly wage of 45% per Hour would minimot the Johl cat 164-16 <) Fe err sk prots Set Plw>s) =a00583 P(Wgrstoome ae Lat/y bgeo8s Wa.67 wee 9 Reeds meat Plwes\<.o82 P(upes)=-0%! 1S Mal Soi paod 1 dgses WE? Wert P08 L 2.438 PlWgns)=326 mets? os mats St eaoas Plws) wes) aa ber2es Wee wets Per025 “ (contd) 18-U o12 4-16 b) ToCmeansoS) = re (mean et) = s)20.204 08% 2.60 Loo + 0.8 ¥(/3) 21.87 gaotadwse42@ 7 So ated Te (mean at 364-17 Given that se4 Coy the Optimaichy of the Single Server result), eprc}= C, +Cub Cpe rw Gaz) > Yea aoe cops ay UIE TET fea. PACE yO For all pra Gay Hence, ws a+ VaGiiér vs the montmcetng value 48448 yy Option |: Data T50 (mean arrival raloy 80 (mean service rate) 3 a servers) W= 0.04007491 We= 9.02340824| Option 2 T= 150 (mean avrival rala) Results Te 3 Le 4.16666667) 180 (mean service rate) (i servers) b) Wand L are smaller for Option 2 because it is a more efficient system. This is true because when there are only I or 2 customers in the system Option 2 is operating at full efficiency, while Option 1 wili have idle servers. W, and L, are larger for Option 2 because there are fewer people in service (only? 1 register) and therefore more people in line. ¢) W should be the most important measure to customers since they should be most concerned with te total time spert ia the system. Given this, Option 2 is etter. 184-19 Etre]. Dp Ref ay 20 = yak ae wpe te(aaey” Also, wend LAL 40 when C70 (peas Hewe, ae (age)? és the witntmiaing value 18-12_ 164-2O - — AY Original design ‘ovnil i 4 amaller neumber (Opectid) of catlomaes ob rhe. system. “ts bn & the pooling effect of multiple seers. (b Original desdn ta MYM/2 queue hore. NaS Hes, Ran Prottd, we Pind Lait From Figun 11.7, . Alomatwie oasiin > Too m/m/i gucde , under which Le ix? 10. Thin das varifitd what exe claiwed 1s (A), 18422 [a) Part ta) of Problem s7g33 5a spectal case of Model 3 in which we want to determine 4 oimce determining tne number of machenes asscqned te one operator cs equivalent to determencng Athe mean arrival vate) and s&s Fixed (equal to 1 vn tws cased (Lie) the resuthing system would be a M/M/s with Soncte calling population (scee of popalabon Gs equal i the tohul number of wrackines) and the associated deccston problem fets Model L (unknown S$) _ ™ ction & crdependet Wr) the resullang system cs a colle MJIALA waite incte calleng populations ard the appropriate decision medel 15 a combrnation OF Models Zand 3 since tn tris case we have to determine gu (the service rate of a crew depends on how many operators are assigned to Yhe crew) and A (the mean arecval rate depends on the number of ynachines asstjned to crew) and sus Gxed equal fo 4. (ei) the resulting system doesn't ft any of the models deserebed in Chapter 15 Each of the proposed altemnasives allows, varced degrees, the sharing o° resources Lthe operators) mm contmst fo the eriacnal proposal. (conrd) 18-13 noe(couroy Now, since in the orcginal propesal the operators Would be Wie ‘most of Ene time, it os reasonable to expect Hat tf we allew cnterackton , the yproduchon rate obhuned wile the same number oh operators wil imevease, amd thas , the requered ‘number of grerators that are needed to achveve the destred production vate will decrease. what might prevent this from happeneng? Xn alternakives (2) and (cc), the travel Rme [nob taken ent aceriont om the alone armament) yma, pose a problem (instead of turning edle tome nb service Hrne we may be harming idle Kae onto travel teme) #lse, cm alternative feve? the serwice vate of a grow of workers mag Ut smatier than the endevidual Service rate, sence they won't be working tngether regularly. And Feralhy, atthangh ths es not Ene cae fm ternative 6 (the components a rem de work taggmer reguiaely) even then we may have tot pl cn pe (where ja! ts the service rate of crew of Doperstors and yp ts the indevidaal serucce rate) ean arial rate) ‘O7aeseet] (mean service rata) 9.21052632) (# servers) (max customers) 0.0ase6ee7| o.01seasaa 1B-1%a)4 6} (conrad hoar arrival catey {moar service ratey 1 servers) imax cusiomers) Results (mean arrival rate) U= 124170616] {mean service vate) = 0.62559242] (i servers) {max customers) W= 0.06717949] We = 0.08384615| 0,66666667/ 0.58388626| 0,25592417| 0.17061611 0.11374408) = 0,07582938) Results (mean araval ratey 42258639) (mean service rate) 0.78796992| (# servers) We 0.0747235¢ We = 0,04139021 0.66666667| Po= 0,96541355| P= 0,2a360902 P= 0,16240602 Ps= 0.108708 Pe= 0,07218045} Pe= 0,0481209 13-45change in, fivbour ne profivhour SHOP, rate customers change in P, are lost (P,) z 3 $7.20 4 $3.20 3 $2.40 4) _ Since it cost $200 per month per car length rented, each additionall space ‘must bring at least $200 per month (or $1 per hour) in additional profit, Five spaces still bring more than that so 5 should be provided. ABST ge be e-d= 300 and ve 3 milestone So Eft} = A [ta.0vtson* , {3e09%s 300)" Fee L (3004 500) (3004 300) = 600 /ao4 menutes 2 dd? menutes. 184-24 e380, >21, Age24 Cpe 20, Cy IS, Cee ad. ea (400,50) (000) 30,-50) 00,50) So a:50,be50,c=400,d:50 Eu). stor (4 e100", ur) 7,000 \ “sorioo' “59430 Also, Ls A 2H 24 Oagrhes, Jew * 30-2 b0.80) ene Meds As Avia . ° * Felabeltery symmetric areas, boy 9-50 Gite) $0 4250, b450,¢425 ,a=50 etre ( Se.a5* , So%So"\_ 0183 hrs, $000 $0425 | F0+50 Also,L 2A. fad BA” S068 Hence , E¢10) en CG, +Cy)eCLe ate, ec] ny A | ECT] L [Cee TEL ACE] ELC] Sothere sheold 1] ah | ome] 4 35 400 the MBA be two A142 Jows| yet 35 [S079] 5.5 fadtss) Facilties. 18-16 le184-25 From Table 17.4 and adjacent text 164-26. Note that 442.2, A;+.6 and 4g2 4.4 set 7 (gccen ritual Tsersous | stable] total] E83 |E(t¢) So there should be hwo doctors. t 900] 42.40 [19.40 [50% 30] 4000 fa4.80 Lol 4% | 0.74] 49.44 apoo) The system cs a non-preemphive queweing system With Mel, Aye b Age 4 amd Aged, where Class 1 Os government jobs, Class a(S commeruial jobs and Coss 45 standard jobs, The problem és te determine whether S84 or 905. For seh, ha 34.tt ) Bor 4 Wye 300% Bis 5A Ww, 2.38585 3.56 Balm w=, 56902 For 526, oe saas ve 4085 B,.%o Wa = 30058 Bae Bis wy 224552 Etwey > _ [Government [Commercial [Standard] Total |EESC] | Lt] 4.45 [3440.65 | 684.45 11412639 5000 [iptae 2H 6239 02 Jats aa | 519.28] tyi¢albas0 lise. So two additional lathes 13-1% sheatd be obtacnedcasts {8-0 The operations of the recorels and! benefits call center can be modeled as an MM/S queueing system. We. therefore. use the template for the M/Mis queueing mode! shroughout this case. The mean arrival rate equals 70 per hour, and the mean service tale af every representative equals 6 per hour, Mark needs at least s = 12 representatives answering phone calls to cnsure that the queue does not grow indetinitely a) In order to solve this problem we have to determine the number of servers by "trial und error” uatil we find « number s such that the probability of waiting more than 4 minutes in the queue is above 38%. For 13 servers we obtain the following results: Template for M/M/s Queueing Model Data ‘(Gnean artival rate) 1707963527 6 (mean service rate} |b, 5.4129686 (# servers) 0.24399479 Prwst) = 0.825608 . 0,077328123 whens 0.066667 0.897435897 5.32592E-06 6.21358E-05 0.000362459 0.001409561 0.0041 11221 0,009592849 0.018652761 0.031087935 0.045336573 0.058769631 0,06856457 0.072719998 0.670899998 0.063448716 0.056941 156 0,051101037 0.045859905 0.041 156325 0,03693$163 0,033 146942 0.029747255 0.026596255, 0.023958177 0.021500928 0.019295705, 0.017316658 18-18For 13 servers. the probability that a customer has to wi 36.3% move than 4 minutes eq Ifchere are 12 servers, this probability would be 78%: Template for M/M/s Queueing Model (ean arrival sate) (mean service rate) GH serversh Prwsn = 09447 when t= 0.066667 Pronw, so) O-77S968 066667 If there are 14 servers, this probability would be less than 16.4%: ‘Template for M/M/s Queucing Medel whent Prokw,>0 = OTS 703 whent'= 0.066667 Teappears that Mark currently employs 13 servers, 13-19b) Using the sume provedue as in part (a) we find that for § = 18 servers the probability of waiting more than I minute drops below 5%: Templhate for M/M/s Queueing Mode! Data Results 70 Tnican arrival raey TITTORIO 6 (meun service raze) 0.411321353 s 18 G# servers)| 0.168256972 0.001590305 0.648 148148 $.49029E-06 9.90534E-05, 0.000877812 0,002247045, 0,006553882 0.015292391 0.029735204 0.049558673 0072273065, 0.093687307 0.109301858 0.115926213 0.11270604 0.101 146446 0.084288705 0.065557882 0,047802622 0032805721 0021262967 0.043781553, 0,008932488 0.005789576 0.003752503 0.002432178 0.001576411 0.001021748 19-20cy Using the same “trial and error method ay hetore, we find the minimal number of servers necessary <0 ensure that 80% of customers wait one minute or less ta he s= 15. ‘Template tor M/Mis Queueing Model {mean woival rate) tmean service rate) (# servers) Prw>t) = 926712 when t= 0.016667 Probw>)= 0194213 when 0.016667 The sinimal number of servers to ensure that 95% of customers wait 90 seconds or less iss= 17, Template for M/Mis Queueing Model Teun arrival rate) ‘inean service rate) (# servers) Pawst)= 0.870524 when t= 0.025 Probiw,>0 = 0.096459 when’ 0.025 13-20When an employee of Cuiting Edge calls the benefiis center from work and nas to wait on the phone. the company loses valuable work time for this customer, Matk should try to eximate the amouct of work time empoyees lose when they have to wail on the pikone. ‘Thea he could determine the cost of this wailing time and try to choose the number of representatives in such a fashion that he reaches a reasonable trace-off between the covt of employees waiting on the phone and the cost of adding new representatives, Clearly. Mark's criteria would be diffecent if be were deuling with extemal customers ‘While the internal customers might become disgruntled when they have 10 wait on che phone. they cannot call somewhere else. Effectively, the benefits center holds monopolistic power. On the contrary, if Mark were ruining a call eater dealing w-th externa! customers, these customers could decide (o do business with a competitor if they become angry from waiting on the phone. 4) If the representatives can only handle 6 calls per hour, thea Mark needs to employ 18 representatives (see part b), Iu representative can handle 8 calls per hour. then the niinimal number of representatives equals 14: ‘Template for M/MJs Queueing Model Data (mean arrival rate) (mean service rare) (# servers) T7as 0.016667 Promw > = 00 when t= 0.016667 The cost of training 14 employees equals 14*$2500 = $35000 and saves Mark 4*S30000 = $120000 in annual salary. In the first year alone Mark would save $85000 it he chose to (cain all his employees So that they can handle & instead af 6 phone calls per hour. 18-22©) Mark needs to carefully check the number of calls arriving at the eall center per hour, In this case we have made the simplifying assumption that the arrival rate is constant, That, assumption is unrealistic; clearly we would expect more calls during certain times of the day, during certain days of the week, and during cerlain weeks of the year. We might ‘want to collect data on the number of calls received depending on the time. This data could then be used to forecast the aumber of calls the center will receive in the near future, which in turn would help to forecast the number of representatives needed. ‘Also, Mark should carefully check the number of phone calls a representative can answer per hour. Clearly, the length of a cal] will depend on the issue the caller wants to cliscuss. We might want to consider training representatives for special issues. These representatives could then always answer those particular calls. Using specialized representatives might increase the number of phone calls the entire center can handle. Finally, using an M/M/s model is clearly a great simplification. We need to evaluate whetiier the assumptions for an M/M/s model are at least approximately satisfied. If this is no: the case, we should consider move general models such as M/G/s or G/GIs. 19-23Supplement to Chapter 18 (Appears on the book’s Web site, www.mbhe.convhitlier) eee) 0,00} = Area assigned to tool . Geek im Location 3, or 188-1 Loahend Biter native S . 440199) =the first step es fe elabel cocattonS a9 the origin 10f? for am Cry? coordi nae system (subtmet 450 From att coordi rates shown In Figure on the mghe) _ The probability densuhy Zanction of X is obtained by ustng the hegnt of the area assiqned to the tol onl at Lecter 3d for cach pesscble value of Ken and then deveding fy * bey awe scee of the oven, a2 g°Ven He MONE 10 sstrvbabion below Tes then yeelds the uniform dustrbate of Ixl showm on figure 4 (6) (220, 3009 6009) ful? is he ) Aj. o cr ceed oe ta) te) Fig. Protuvelity density fanctrons of (a X and tb) YL Thus, EFIKIEs 4 [eax 245 , sy és (sa q(85-| continued - The probabetehy denschy Funckon of Y is dbtacned by using the wedth of the area assigned tv Hol orch at Luahon 3 for cath posscbte value of Yeu, Gnd then dividing by the scze of tnearea, as given en Bgure d,(a), Ths then leads to the Prokwbclihy density Function of IY] shown én Fugare ab). tt He te be sald OY ree) “Re Se Ey Tie Fig 2 Protabuledy density funehions of 4a ¥ and ted Ive Thus, As2 ae Fflvigs 4. is sty de ie a) e+ 233 M3 Lonvequentiy, ELT) for tne bool creh ca Location 3 4s ELT) = 2 (eg ixig + es = ¥ ee (95 4 183 Yad 15,000 = 6.0324 hr | 5554 “ietal area = (ar3*e thn??, anek Frobabtcty ensthy for X <9 Pebble dea fr EG rs . & tee! me = she So, ELIXIF= fu ase (e265 rt il18S-2ia continued Probabe lity chenscly for ¥ <> Probatnctety dense ty for 1¥) Mee Pi, g . # ers ae rerrey oar ar 50, EAvids ("tp )ata s [Ras = Hence, E(T]. 2 (25+ Qr~ bbe v v Ab) Area es symmetric about (0,0) so EFIKIP = EFIYI Total area = 5lar}*. gore Probability density for X => Probabstety density for ix! & | * 36 , or ar 30, Ef mT. fe fig atde Hence, ECT). ar (te 1a). dbe a vr fe) Total area = darts r¥y $y rade Br Probab bity density for ¥ => Probabelity densihy for 1X} & & f dyl Sean) & t i * So C4 layer Se) fora) de 44 r Probability density for Y => Prokabilety density for IV} 1195-2.) ccontinvea) 30, FIV a A § ioe-ydydy + fGepyayt= ge Heme, E(1). ar [ 222389] - 2.44 (A) Total area = Gira) = are Probability Jenscty ForX => Probabelcty density fr Xt alah fi + | tp . be choos Ta So, Efi} - (2% Ar © Posty = 9° ade +f Genet ge Probab icty density fer Yo» Probability denscby for IV! 2 fe . a $e [a re ed ea Seb Pg aay +L Ta damn 5 = r wr Es de (B08) = fB) bo EE 185-2, Given: Cy=40, Cme 15 Cy 240, ay = 40,8 29.000 Feet frou E (Loadsng tome) = Yao hours For sonboading , Mune 30m where mn us Ene ames HHH 4. $00, bad, c= 300 and d=600 ec), 4 [sotasa gon) 045 nes id ‘weed 2004 350 wed (30927 Get e090) Also, L 46 3 Wm-do 13-24 ve185-3. teontinued) Cams dane) N22! Labelling the two symmetrec areas apy Bs eH 30 ax 300, b=0, 300, de 300 So ein. 4 Sov 3x4, 3.01 somar [AGES + 3] = 930 os Also, As 4g245 => L= ste hed: The facclcties would be located as follows ation? Location 3 tecabion f Lorsider Loattons tand a that ave symmetric The area woud be labelled as 900,500) (e300) Total avea = 125,000 (300,07 tia? (30.0 Prbabclety density of X = Trobe clety density # IXt 6. Nagle) efi) $0 “300 30 Loe SoH 300 woe 0 EFIKIRs S fta)(?-B,)x4x= 89 Probab ity derscty oF YelY te Sleds) dis We oF So ERIVIE. EGIKIg. 4005 “BO. 8 4oo , Ao). = 0264 sroaa (2-8) ag Also, A=3834 n> Us 8%4 2 435 0m 455% AD 185° Bm 4 13-28185-3. Scontinued) ‘Ret: The areas served by the four facilities would be dential ty that of Location forme 3. So Ecrd= “hep =.020 hrs. and Ls 2 s Fd ammarteeng 7 asa) t 4 ‘O45 hrs. 3 /prm-30 z 030 hes. B/lam= 3) 3 Locatcons4,2j Location §[Locobiens 1.2; Lecation 3. com Oaernes a0 hrs. | Aiemag) $X4m-3) 2040 hrs. 5/3) che lrede (Cp tmbande Gy Lt A CELT) rAC hg Wrere a4? ECT TG te [Gk [2 GEC | Ae eo [ECE lois | 30 Jie | [5324 —| 957 | 60 [agtal 1-045 | 109 | 40 4gact Lows [iis [30 age che minimum cast per haar cs $482.00 swith, me 6 Now consider Location 3 + The area would be 0,300) labelled £0) total area «40000 Cauley aT i8b0,09 Peohabiliby densthyof X => Prokailehy density oF IXI tae 5 Alea) gil ts) xe a) =30 300 So Efinits (Ut gy }xdxs £00 Probability density of Yel¥l te p edo) ~~ 300 4 So etivifs ELIT 5400 5. EC). kh (4004400) = $= 020 brs. Mao, Asda Ye wm Lit185-3. Continued) reeds €(Tede ALE mlmd+ CL AC CUDA C (a0) , where Aads m Lo [eves mte (GT [ag eer) [atmo | eurcy 5 2 [a [oso | 40 qo | 608.00 44 7930 | $5 | $4 40 [439.00 = #0 54 AO [4 ¥6.00 2 18. fy T90T492. 44 rathimiom Cost per howe 6s $476.00 neBy AL Locations fond 2 where 9023 %y Geimtm [ Ge [ag ei) [aco [EOD fo [5e4a | 36 244.43 lay] 36 [1ga. 59 | lises| 36 [ens [i945 where 4242 %y mle bem [emo [Ge face Ta EGE 112 fox | ss [tae | 43 | 45 [20800 2 | 2/s| 00 | 40 24 1% 45 1493.00, 3 [if ox [ss [ian] ts 45 [3 t 33 So for ne3, the menimum cost per hie cs (492,50) + 127.00 2492.00 with m3 at Locattons tarda, and mz d at boration 3 a2: Swice allaras served are symmetric to thal of Location 3 for -m23, the warirmurn Cost per her fs 4499.00) = 50H00 wth mea, Su mmarezing , Pe EGE 6 482.09 4 al both Vocations | 442,09 Sot tocations tard 2 b 2 at location 3 | 142.0 TH [a af all Locatcons | 668.00 ‘There fore, there should be two facckines with Crew size of 4. rary 3-3 4 pepe atl