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  • Fluid Balance

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    Melania ErbghaMoghziet
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    Fluid balance questions

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    Fluid balance questions

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    2 views2 pages

    Fluid Balance

    Uploaded by

    Melania ErbghaMoghziet
    Fluid balance questions

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 2
    1A 68-year-ld man with chronic renal falure was in the hospital in serious candtion fecovering from & heart attack. He had ust undergone "balloon angioplasty" to redlte his [ett coronary artery. He received fuis through an intravenous (IV) ine Late one niga ‘weary nurse who was on the 11th hour of a 12-hour shift came into the patients room to replace the man's empty IV bag with 2 new one. Misfeading the physicians orders, he hooked up a fresh bag of IV ud that was “wice-normaY" sale ratner than "nano" faine. Ths mistake was not notices unt the folowing morning. Al that time, the man had marked piting oedema around the sacral region and had inspiratory rales ('wel-sounding crackles") ot the bases of the lungs on each side. He complained that it was cificut to breathe 2s well Blood was craw, revealing the folowing Nat 157 mEq iter (Normal = 136-148 mEq / ter) Ke 4.7 mEq/ iter (Normal = 35-5 0 meq / iter) Cte 101 MEG iter (Normal = 86-108 mEq Ite) A chest xray revealed intersial edema in the lungs Questions 4. Whats normal sline 2. What is half normal and twice normal? 3, When to use Nocmal saline? What isthe use of half normal saline? 4 What wil the nurse's mistake do tothe “saltiness” (increase or decrease itand why) ofthe interstitial ig? 5. Given your knowledge of osmosis, wil this cause the cels in te body to increase or decrease in size? Explain your answer. 16. Why does this patient have pling oedema and inspiratory rales? How woul this increase in salt loa affect the patient's biood-alosterane level? In your answer, explain the function of the hormone aldosterone {8 Can you think of any other normal mechanisms thatthe body nas to control sal and ‘water balance? How might they react ia tis stuaton? 8, What symptoms might result fom hypernatremia {Laven was competing in her ist ronman-dstance athlon, swimming, celig. and runing. Approximately 26 hours after stating the race she eolipsed ter beng admitted tothe reccltemt, ‘aren complained of nausea, & headache, and genera fatigue. The mesial sta notes that Lauren face ‘and clothing were covere in white cysals, When they welghed her and compared that vate with her pre= race welht recorded at resisration, they realized Lauren had gained 2kg during the ace. “The medical staff was concerned with Larens large weight increase durlog the ace. They asked hero recall what she ate and drank during the rac, Lauren reported that to avoid geting ehysiated inthe warm weather, she had drunk age quantities of water in adtion ta sports gland sports inks contining earbohydates and electors. ‘The medial staff analyzed Laurens blo fr electrolyte concentrations. Her serum Nae concentration was 124 mol/l. Th normal range is 135 145 mmol/L. \aurens lagnosis was hyponatremia dened as 3 serum Nae concentration below 135 mmol/L Hyponatremia induced by the consumption of age quantities of low-sodium or fodlumfee fue, which what appened in Laurens case sometimes called dutional hyponatremia During exerciein the heat, sweating rate and swest composition are aute variable among stletes and

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