Public International Law

Draft Syllabus
Second Semester, 2014-2015

I. The Nature of International Law

A. Concepts

1. Obligations erga omnes

2. Jus cogens
3. Concept of ex aequo et bono
Romulo v. Vinuya, GR 162230, April 29, 2010
Article 38(2), ICJ Statute

B. International and National law

Edye v. Robertson
Whitney v. Robertson

II. The Sources of International Law

Art. 38, ICJ Statute

Art. 53, 1969 Vienna Convention on Treaties

Kuroda v. Jalandoni. 83 SCRA 171

Yamashita v. Styer, 75 Phil 563
Kookooritchkin v. Solicitor General, 81 Phil 435
Military & Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. US), ICJ Reports, 1986
North Sea Continental Shelf Case, ICJ Reports, 1969
South West Africa Case (2nd Phase), ICJ Reports, 1966
Asylum Case, ICJ Reports, 1950
Nuclear Test Cases, ICJ Reports:
New Zealand v. France, 1974
Australia v. France, 1974
Request for an examination of the situation in accordance with par. 63 of the court’s
judgment of the 20
December 1974 in the Nuclear Tests (New Zealand v. France) Case, 1995

Legality of the Use by a State of Nuclear Weapons, ICJ Reports, 1996

Paquete Habana, 175 US 677, 1900
Preah Vihear Temple Case, ICJ Reports, 1962
Case Concerning Right of Passage over Indian Territory (Portugal v. India)
Corfu Channel Case, ICJ Reports, 1949
Chorzow Factory Case, 1928 PCIJ Ser. A, No. 17
Barcelona Traction, Light & Power Company Case, ICJ Reports, 1970
Texaco v. Libya, 17 ILM or 53 ILR 389, 1978
BP v. Libya, 53 ILR 297
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Saudi Arabia v. Arabian American Oil Company, 27 ILR 117

Generally Accepted Principles of International Law

Razon v. Tagitis, GR 182498, December 3, 2009
Ang Ladlad v. COMELEC, GR 190582, April 8, 2010

III. The Law of Treaties

Qatar v. Bahrain, ICJ 1994

Air France v. Saks, 470 US 392

Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties

Definition of “treaty”
Abaya v. Sec. Ebdane, G.R. No. 167919, February 14, 2007
DBM v. Kolonwel Trading; Vibal v. Kolonwel; DEPED v. Kolonwel, June 8, 2007

Definition of “ratification”
Lim v. Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 151445. April 11, 2002
Bayan v. Zamora, October 10, 2000
Pimentel v. Executive Secretary, GR 158088, July 6, 2005
Salonga Petition on the VFA, January 22, 2007
Reservations to the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. US), ICJ Reports, 1986

Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations; Vienna Convention on Consular Relations

and Optional Protocols

US Diplomatic & Consular Staff (US v. Iran), ICJ Reports, 1980

Case Concerning Avena and other Mexican Nationals (Mexico v. USA), March 31, 2004

IV.Subjects of International Law

A. States

1. Art. 1, Montevideo Convention on Rights & Duties of States, 49 Stat 3097, 1933

Barcelona Traction, Light and Power Company Case, ICJ Reports, 1970
Reparations for Injuries Suffered in the Service of the UN, ICJ Reports, 1949
Mavrommatis Case, PCIJ, Ser. A, No. 2, 1924
Certain Expenses of the UN, ICJ Reports, 1962

Province of North Cotabato v. GRP Panel, GR 183591, October 14, 2008 (Concept of Association of
States)

2. Nationality and Statelessness

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Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties

3. State Responsibility
Doctrine of state responsibility

4. Treatment of Aliens
Extradition
Wright v. CA, GR 113213, April 15, 1994
Government of Hong Kong v. Olalia, GR 153675, April 19, 2007

Deportation
Djumantan v. Domingo, GR 99358, January 30, 1995
Secretary of Justice v. Koruga, GR 166199, April 24, 2009

B. Other Subjects of International Law: International Organizations and Individuals

Liban v. Gordon, GR 175352, January 18, 2011

V. Territory: Land, Air, Outer Space

Island of Las Palmas Case (US v. Netherlands), 2 RIAA 829

Eastern Greenland Case, PCIJ Ser. A/B, No. 53
SS Lotus Case, PCIJ Ser. A, No. 10
Minquiers & Ecrehos Case, ICJ Reports, 1951
Case Concerning Sovereignty Over Pulau Ligitan and Pulau Sipadan (Indonesia/Malaysia)
Eritrea-Yemen Arbitration, ICJ Reports, 1998
Preah Vihear Temple Case, ICJ Reports, 1962
Frontier Dispute Case (Burkina Faso v. Mali), ICJ Reports, 1986
Libya v. Chad, ICJ Reports 1994
Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case, ICJ Reports, 1951
Western Sahara Case, ICJ Reports, 1975
El Salvador v. Honduras, with Nicaragua intervening, ICJ Reports,1992
Clipperton Island Arbitration (France v. Mexico), January 28, 1931

VI.Territory: Law of the Sea

International Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), ILM 21, 1982
Agreement Relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the UNCLOS, ILM 33, 1994
Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the UNCLOS Relating to the Conservation &
Management of Straddling Fish Stocks & Highly Migratory Fish Stocks

a. Internal Waters
Military & Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. US), ICJ Reports, 1986
Saudi Arabia v. Arabian American Oil Company, 27 ILR 117
b. Territorial Sea
Arts. 27-32, UNCLOS
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The Gulf of Sidra Incidents, 5 Italian Yearbook of International Law
Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case, ICJ Reports, 1951
El Salvador v. Honduras, with Nicaragua Intervening, ICJ Reports, 1992
US v. California, 382 US, 1966
US v. Louisiana, 382 US 11, 1969

c. Straits
Corfu Channel Case, ICJ Reports, 1949

d. Archipelagos
Arts. 49, 52-53, UNCLOS
Coquia, Analysis of the Archipelago Doctrine in the Law of the Sea, 8 PYIL 30
Corfu Channel Case, ICJ Reports, 1949

e. The Contiguous Zone

f. The Continental Shelf

North Sea Continental Shelf Case, ICJ Reports, 1969
Libya v. Malta, ICJ Reports, 1985
Tunisia v. Libya, ICJ Reports, 1982
Guinea v. Guinea Bissau, ILR 77, 1985
Aegean Sea Continental Shelf Case (Greece v. Turkey), ICJ Reports, 1978
Anglo-French, ICJ Reports, 1979
Case Concerning Maritime Delimitation in the area between Greenland and Jan Mayen (Denmark v.
Norway), 1993
Canada & France, St. Pierre

g. The Exclusive Economic

Arts. 55-58, 70-73, UNCLOS
Spain v. Canada (facts only), ICJ Reports, 1966
M/V Saiga (St. Vincent & Grenadines v. Guinea), ITLOS Judgment, July 1, 1999
Camouco Case (Panama v. France), Judgment, 7 Feb 2000,
www.un.org/depts/ios/itlos/jud-camouco.htm)

h. Delimitation of Maritime Boundaries

Gulf of Maine Case (Canada v. US), ICJ Reports, 1994

i. The High Seas

Arts. 86-97, 105-111, UNCLOS

j. Conservation & Management of Living Resources of the High Seas

Southern Blue Fin Tuna Cases (NZ & Australia v. Japan), Order on Request for Provisional
Measures, ITLOS Order, August 27, 1999

k. Right of Land-Locked States to & from the Sea

l. International Seabed Area

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m. Navigation

n. Marine Pollution
Civil Liability Convention of 1969
International Fund Convention of 1971
TOVALOP
CRISTAL
1984 Protocols to CLC & FC Conventions
1992 CLC & FC
TOVALOP Supplement of 1994
Crystal 1992

o. Settlement of Disputes

p. Peaceful Use of the Oceans

q. Archaeological & Historical Objects

r. International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea

VII. Jurisdiction of States

1. Territoriality principle
2. Nationality principle and statelessness
3. Protective principle
4. Universality principle
5. Passive personality principle
6. Conflicts of jurisdiction

Brownwell v. Sunlife, 95 Phil 228

People v. Lol-lo & Saraw, 43 Phil 19
Tubb v. Greiss, 78 Phil 249
Haw Pia v. China Banking, 80 Phil 604

VIII. Immunity from Jurisdiction

PCGG v. Sandiganbayan, GR 124772, August 14, 2007 (Act of State Doctrine)

Hilao v. Estate of Ferdinand Marcos, Judgment of Feb 1985 & Opinion/Order of November 1995
JUSMAG Philippines v. NLRC, 239 SCRA 224
USA v. Reyes, 219 SCRA 192
Wylie v. Rarang, 209 SCRA 357
USA v. Ruiz, 136 SCRA 487
WHO v. Aquino, 48 SCRA 242
Lyons Inc. v. USA, 104 Phil 593
Liang v. People, March 26, 2001
Minucher v. CA, 214 SCRA 242
Holy See v. Rosario, 238 SCRA 524
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SEAFDEC v. Acosta, 226 SCRA 49
ICMC v. Calleja
Ex Parte Pinochet, 38 ILM 581, March 1999
Israel v. Eichmann, 1962
Ker v. Illinois, December 6, 1886
Machain v. Sosa
Sosa v. Machain
Ebrahim Case
UNOCAL Case: Decision by the California Central District Court
Congo v. Belgium, ICJ Reports, February 14, 2002
US v. Purganan (Mark Jimenez Cases) = 2 cases: SC & MFR
Flowers v. Clinton
Teotico v. Governor General
Regina v. Bartle and the Commissioner of Police
Republic of Indonesia v. Vinzons
Nicolas v. Romulo, GR 175888, February 11, 2009 (Immunity of Foreign Armed Forces)

IX.State Responsibility

Corfu Channel Case, ICJ Reports, 1949

Rainbow Warrior Arbitration (Report)
US Diplomatic & Consular Staff (US v. Iran), ICJ Reports, 1980
DC Decision on UNOCAL
Chorzow Factory Case, 1928 PCIJ Ser. A, No. 17
Prosecutor v. Tadic
Advisory Opinion on the Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied
Palestinian Territories
Bosnia Case (Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of
Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro)), February 26, 2007
Union Bridge Company Claim (US v. Great Britain), 1924
Youmans Claim (US v. Mexico), 1926
Zafiro Claim (Great Britain v. US), 1925
Bolivar Railway Company Claim (Great Britain v. Venezuela), 1903
Neer Claim (US v. Mexico, 1926)
Starrett Housing Corp. v. Iran (Interlocutory Award) (US v. Iran), 1983

X. International Human Rights Law

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Republic v. Sandiganbayan, GR 104768, July 21, 2003

International Convention on Civil and Political Rights

International Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
International Criminal Court

XI.Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes

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Aerial Incidence Case
Nicaragua v. US
El Salvador v. Honduras

XII. The Use of Force Short of War

XIII. International Humanitarian Law

1. Categories of armed conflicts

a) International armed conflicts
b) Internal or non-international armed conflict
c) War of national liberation

2. Core international obligations of states in International Humanitarian Law

3. Principles of International Humanitarian Law
a) Treatment of civilians
b) Prisoners of war
4. Law on neutrality

A. IHL
a. 1949 Geneva Conventions
b. 1978 Additional Protocol to the Geneva Convention
c. Security Council Resolution No. 827 (Yugoslavia War Crimes Tribunal)
d. Security Council Resolution No. 955 (Rwanda War Crimes Tribunal)
e. 1998 Rome Convention on the International Criminal Court
f. RA 9851, Philippine Act on Crimes Against International Humanitarian Law,
Genocide, and Other Crimes Against Humanity

Advisory Opinion on the Legality of Nuclear Weapons (WHO Request), ICJ Reports, 1996
Yugoslavia War Crimes Tribunal Decision on Tadic, July 15, 1999 (www.un.org/icyt/ pressreal/tad-
sumj99)
Yamashita v. Styer, 75 Phil 563
Dizon v. Commanding General (Report)

B. The UN Charter & the Use of Force

Arts. 2(3), 2(4), 24(1), 25, 23(1), 27(3), UN Charter

Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. US), ICJ Reports, 1986
Legality of the Use by a State of Nuclear Weapons, ICJ Reports, 1966
Legality of the Use of Force (Yugoslavia v. US), 38 ILM 1199
The Relationship between the UN Charter and General International Law regarding non-use of
force: The Case of NATO’s air campaign in the Kosovo Crisis of 1999, Shinya Murase
The Caroline Case
M.W. Reisman, “Assessing Claims to Revise the Laws of War,” 97 AJIL 82 at 87, 2003

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Case Concerning Oil Platforms (Islamic Republic of Iran v. United States of America), December
12, 1996

C. International Court of Justice

Arts. 92, 93, 94, 96, UN Charter
Arts. 1, 34(1), 35(1), ICJ Statute

a. Applicable Law
 Arts. 38 & 59, ICJ Statute

b. Jurisdiction
 Art. 36(1), (2) & (3), ICJ Statute

c. Advisory Opinions

Cases on Jurisdiction:
Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. US), ICJ Reports, 1986
Lockerbie Case (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya v. USA), ICJ Reports, 1988
ELSI Case, ICJ Reports, 1989
South West Africa Cases, ICJ Reports, 1966
Nauru v. Australia, ICJ Reports, 1992
Case Concerning East Timor (Portugal v. Australia), ICJ Reports, 1995

Cases on Provisional Measures:

Bosnia Case (Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of
Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro)), February 26, 2007
Lockerbie Case (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya v. USA), ICJ Reports, 1988

Cases on Dispute:
Admissions Case (Conditions of Admission of a state to membership in the United Nations), ICJ
Reports, May 28, 1948
Free Zones Case (Case of the Free Zones of Upper Savoy and the District of Gex), PCIJ Ser. A/B.
No. 45, June 7, 1932
Marvrommatis Case, PCIJ Ser. A, No. 2, 1924
UN Headquarters Advisory Opinion (Applicability of the Obligation to Arbitrate under Sec. 21 of the
UN Headquarters Agreement of June 26, 1947), ICJ Reports, April 26, 1988

Cases on Advisory Opinions:

Legality of the Use by a State of Nuclear Weapons in Armed Conflict (WHO Request), ICJ Reports,
1996
Monetary Gold Case (Monetary Gold Removed from Rome in 1943 (Italy v. France, UK of Great
Britain & Northern Ireland, & the USA)), ICJ Reports, June 15, 1954
Certain Expenses of the UN, ICJ Reports, 1962
Western Sahara Case, ICJ Reports, 1975
Botswana v. Namibia (Case Concerning kasikili/Sedudu Island), ICJ Reports, 1999
Status of Eastern Carelia (Finland v. Russia), PCIJ Ser. B, No. 5, July 23, 1923

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Advisory Opinion on the Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied
Palestinian Territories

XIV. International Environmental Law

Principle 21 of the Stockholm Declaration

XV. International Economic Law

Madrid Protocol and the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property

Foreign Investments & Natural Resources

Texaco v. Libya, 17 ILM or 53 ILR 389, 1978

BP v. Libya, 53 ILR 279
Saudi Arabia v. Arabian American Oil Company, 27 ILR 117
Chorzow Factory Case, PCIJ Ser. A, No. 17, 1928
LIAMCO v. Libyan Arab Republic, 62 ILR 140
Starrett Housing Case, 4 Iran-US Claims Tribunal Report
Kuwait v. Aminoil, 66 ILR 518
Sapphire Case, 35 ILR 136
Starrett Housing Case, 4 Iran-US Claims Tribunal Report
AMOCO Case (US v. Iran), 27 ILM 1314
Phillips Petroleum Company Iran, v. The Islamic Republic of Iran, and The National Iranian Oil, 21
Iran-US Claims Report

Jimenez de Arechega, “State Responsibility for the Nationalization of Foreign Property,” 11 NHUJ
of International Law & Politics 189, 1978
E. Lauterpacht, “Issues of Compensation and Nationality in the Taking of Alien Property,” 8 JENRL
241, 1990
M. Meldelson, “What Price Expropriation? Compensation for Expropriation: The Case Law,“ 79 AJIL
414, 1985