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Chad
Chad
Chad is one of the most underdeveloped countries in the world because of its
climate, geographic location, and a lack of infrastructure and natural resources.
It's main cash crop that is helping it's economy is cotton, which accounts for 48%
of exports.1 The industry of Chad is mainly based on processing agricultural
products. It is run by a republican government and it's legal system is based on
French civil law system and Chadian customary law. The recent president is Idriss
Deby and head of government is Prime Minister Joseph Yodoyman Chad had gained its
independence from France on August 11, 1960. Its national holiday is held on the
same day every year.
The people of Chad rely on agriculture for survival. The total population is
5,350,971 people. The growth rate of the population is 2.13%. The birth rate is
42.21 births / 1,000 population. The death rate is 20.93 deaths / 1,000 population.
The migration rate is 0% migrants / 1,000 population. Chad's death at infancy is at
a great risk at 134 deaths / 1,000 live births. For infants the expectancy rate at
birth is 40.41 years. The rate for males is 39.36 years and the rate for females is
41.5 years. Total fertility rate is 5.33 children born/women. The people of Chad
are Chadian in nationality. The ethnic divisions in the north are Muslim (Arabs.
Toubou, Hadjerai, Fulbe, Kotoko, Kanembou, Baguirmi, Boulala, Zaghawa, and Maba).
In the south are non-Muslims (Sara, Ngambaye, Mbaye, Goulaye, Moundang, Moussei,
Massa). The religions of Chad are Muslim (44%), Christian (33%), indigenous
beliefs, and animism (23%). The common spoken languages in Chad are Sara (spoken in
south), Sango (spoken in north). The official languages of Chad are French and
Arabic. There are over 100 different languages and dialects spoken in Chad. The
literacy rate is at age 15 and over people can read and write French or Arabic. The
total population of literacy is 30%. 42% for males and 18% for females.
The economy of Chad has very low standards. The exchange rates are communaute
Financiere Africaine Francs (CFAF per US $1 - 274.06 in January 1993, 264.69 in
1992, 282.11 in 1991, 272.26 in 1990, 319.01 in 1989, and 297.85 in 1988.8 Chad's
fiscal year is a calendar year.