Meet the Beneficials:

Natural Enemies of Garden Pests

Predators hunt, attack, and kill their prey.
Encourage these natural enemies by avoiding
pesticides that kill them; choosing plants that provide
them pollen, nectar, and shelter; and keeping ants out
of pest infested plants. Common predators that eat
garden pests are pictured below. Convergent lady beetles prefer to eat aphids but sometimes eat whiteflies and other soft-bodied insects.
Shown here are the adult (left), larva (center), and cluster of eggs (right).

Green lacewing adults eat Green lacewing larvae feed on Green lacewing eggs are laid on Predaceous ground beetle adults Predaceous ground beetle larvae
nectar and pollen. Some species mites, eggs, and small insects, slender stalks in groups (as shown stalk soil-dwelling insects, such as live on soil and in litter, feeding on
also eat insects. especially aphids. here) or individually. cutworms and root maggots. almost any invertebrate.

Assassin bugs attack almost any Pirate bugs attack mites and any Damsel bugs are predaceous on Soldier beetle adults eat mostly Spiders, including this crab
insect. tiny insect, especially thrips. a wide variety of small insects. aphids; their larvae are soil-dwelling. spider, attack all types of insects.

Parasites live and

Syrphid fly (flower fly, hover fly)
adults eat pollen and nectar.
Sixspotted thrips attack mostly
mites.
Adults of predatory wasps,
such as this paper wasp, prey on
caterpillars and other insects.
Syrphid fly larvae eat mostly
aphids but also soft-bodied insects.
Western predatory mites attack
pest mites.
Praying mantids don’t control
pests, because they eat both
beneficials and pests.
feed in or on a larger
animal (host). Nearly
all insect pests have
at least one parasite
that attacks them. Some parasites attack insect eggs, Parasitized aphids die and turn
Insects that parasitize such as the Trissolcus species wasp. into crusty “mummies” that can
other invertebrates be black or beige. The hole in
(sometimes called the mummy at left indicates a
parasite has emerged. The aphid
parasitoids) are parasitic in the middle is healthy.
only in their immature
stages and kill their
host just as they reach
maturity. Most insect
parasites are host- The blackish scale insects have
specific wasps or flies, wasp larvae developing within.
and many are so small
that often you won’t see
them. An adult parasite
Aphid parasite life cycle: The
can lay eggs in hundreds adult lays an egg in an aphid. The
of host individuals egg hatches into a larva that feeds
with a resulting quick inside. After killing the aphid, the
reduction in pest wasp larva pupates then emerges
Caterpillar parasites include the as a wasp.
numbers. Hyposoter exiguae wasp.
PHOTOS: J. K. CLARK

Visit the Natural Enemies Gallery

at www.ipm.ucdavis.edu
for more information! Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program
Natural Enemies poster_TAKE 6_gold.indd 1 5/17/11 2:38 PM