𝑛

1
1. 𝐹𝑖𝑒 𝑎𝑛 = ∑ . 𝑆ă 𝑠𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑧𝑒 [𝑎𝑛 ] ș𝑖 {𝑎𝑛 }. 𝐴𝑚 𝑛𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡 𝑐𝑢 [∙] 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑎
𝑘√𝑘 + 1 + (𝑘 + 1)√𝑘
𝑘=1
î𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑔ă ș𝑖 𝑐𝑢 {∙} 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑎 𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐ț𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑟ă.
Rezolvare:

𝑘√𝑘 + 1 − (𝑘 + 1)√𝑘 𝑘√𝑘 + 1 − (𝑘 + 1)√𝑘

𝑅𝑎ț𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧ă𝑚 ș𝑖 𝑜𝑏ț𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑚 𝑎𝑛 = ∑ 2 2
=∑ =
𝑘 (𝑘 + 1) − (𝑘 + 1) 𝑘 𝑘(𝑘 + 1)(𝑘 − 𝑘 − 1)
(𝑘 + 1)√𝑘 − 𝑘√𝑘 + 1 √𝑘 √𝑘 + 1 1 1
=∑ = ∑( − ) = ∑( − )
𝑘(𝑘 + 1) 𝑘 𝑘+1 √𝑘 √𝑘 + 1
1 1 1 √𝑛 + 1 − 1 𝑛 + 1 − √𝑛 + 1
=∑ −∑ =1− = = (∀) 𝑛 ∈ ℕ∗
√𝑘 √𝑘 + 1 √ 𝑛 + 1 √ 𝑛 + 1 𝑛 + 1
𝐷𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑟ă𝑚 𝑐ă 𝑎𝑛 ∈ (0,1) (∀) 𝑛 ∈ ℕ∗ .
1 1 1
𝑎𝑛 ∈ (0,1) ⟺ 0 < 𝑎𝑛 < 1 ⇔ 0 < 1 − <1⇔ <1<1+
√𝑛 + 1 √𝑛 + 1 √𝑛 + 1
𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑎 𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎ș 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑜𝑟, ș𝑖 𝑠𝑒 𝑜𝑏ț𝑖𝑛𝑒 1 < √𝑛 + 1 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑣ă𝑟𝑎𝑡 (∀) 𝑛 ∈ ℕ∗ .

𝐷𝑒𝑐𝑖 𝑎𝑛 ∈ (0,1) ⟹ [𝑎𝑛 ] = 0 ș𝑖 {𝑎𝑛 } = 𝑎𝑛 − [𝑎𝑛 ], 𝑐𝑢𝑚 [𝑎𝑛 ] = 0 ⟹ {𝑎𝑛 } = 𝑎𝑛 (∀) 𝑛 ∈ ℕ∗