‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات‬

‫ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ‪ISO 14224 : 2006‬‬

‫در ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﺎز و ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﯿﻤﯽ‬

‫ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻤﺎن‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﻬﺰاد ﻏﻼﻣﺰاده‬
‫ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎس ارﺷﺪ ﻣﺸﺎوره ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات‬

‫ﻧﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪي ﺟﻼﻟﯽ‬

‫ﻣﺪرس درس ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻓﺮدوﺳﯽ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ‬
 ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﮐﺘﺎب‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮان و ﻧﺎم ﭘﺪﯾﺪ آورﻧﺪﮔﺎن‪ :‬ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ‪ISO‬‬
‫‪ 14224‬در ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﺎز و ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﯿﻤﯽ‪ /‬ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻤﺎن‪ :‬ﺑﻬﺰاد ﻏﻼﻣﺰاده‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪي ﺟﻼﻟﯽ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻧﺎﺷﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﺸﻬﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮوش اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻪ ﭘﻮﯾﺎ‪1391 ،‬‬
‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻇﺎﻫﺮي‪ 330 :‬ص‬
‫ﺷﺎﺑﮏ‪978-600-6430-05-8 :‬‬
‫وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻧﻮﯾﺴﯽ‪ :‬ﻓﯿﭙﺎ‬

‫ﯾﺎدداﺷﺖ‪ :‬ﻋﻨﻮان اﺻﻠﯽ‪Maintenance management system base on ISO 14224 :‬‬

‫‪:2006 for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.‬‬

‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‪ :‬ﻧﻔﺖ‪ --‬ﺻﻨﻌﺖ و ﺗﺠﺎرت‪ --‬اﺑﺰار و وﺳﺎﯾﻞ‪ --‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات‬

‫ﻣﻀﻮع‪ :‬ﮔﺎز‪ --‬ﺻﻨﻌﺖ و ﺗﺠﺎرت‪ --‬اﺑﺰار و وﺳﺎﯾﻞ‪ --‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات‬

‫ﻣﻮﺿﻊ‪ :‬ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﯿﻤﯽ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ‪ --‬اﺑﺰار و وﺳﺎﯾﻞ‪ --‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات‬

‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻪ اﻓﺰوده‪ :‬ﻏﻼﻣﺰاده‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺰاد‪ ،1368 ،‬ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬

‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻪ اﻓﺰوده‪ :‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪي ﺟﻼﻟﯽ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﺻﺮ‪ ،1350 ،‬ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬

‫رده ﺑﻨﺪري ﮐﻨﮕﺮه‪9 13915/871TN :‬س‪/‬‬

‫رده ﺑﻨﺪي دﯾﻮﯾﯽ‪3382028/622 :‬‬

‫ﺷﻤﺎره ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺸﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﻠﯽ‪2834016 :‬‬

 ‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ‬

‫‪ (1‬داﻣﻨﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ‪1 ...............................................................................‬‬

‫‪ (2‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ اﺻﻠﯽ ‪3 ..............................................................................‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ و اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت ‪4 ..................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .1.3‬دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ‪4 ..............................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 2.3‬زﻣﺎن ﻓﻌﺎل ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪5 ........................................................‬‬
‫‪ 3.3‬ﻣﺮز ‪5 ........................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 4.3‬ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ‪5 ...........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .5.3‬ﻧﺖ اﺻﻼﺣﯽ ‪5 .........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .6.3‬ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﯽ ‪6 ........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .7.3‬ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﺧﻔﯿﻒ ‪6 ........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .8.3‬ﺷﺮوع ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ‪6 .......................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .9.3‬ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ‪6 .........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .10.3‬زﻣﺎن ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ‪7 ...........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .11.3‬رده ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ‪7 .........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .12.3‬دادهﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ‪7 ...................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .13.3‬واﺣﺪ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰ ‪7 ..........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 14.3‬ﺧﻄﺎ ‪8 ....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .15.3‬ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ‪8 .................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .16.3‬ﻋﻠﺖ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﺖ رﯾﺸﻪ اي ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ‪8 ................................................‬‬
‫‪ .17.3‬دادهﻫﺎي ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ‪8 ......................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .18.3‬ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ‪9 ...........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .19.3‬ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺴﻢ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ‪9 ......................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .20.3‬ﺣﺎﻻت ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ‪9 ........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 21.3‬ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ در ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﺷﺮوع ‪9 ......................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .22.3‬ﻋﯿﺐ ‪10 .................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .23.3‬دادهﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ‪10 .................................................‬‬
‫‪ .24.3‬ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﭘﻨﻬﺎن ‪10 ........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .25.3‬زﻣﺎن ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ‪10 .........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .26.3‬ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ اوﻟﯿﻪ ‪10 .........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .27.3‬ﺳﻄﺢ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ‪11 ..............................................................‬‬
‫‪ .28.3‬ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‪11 ................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .29.3‬ﺗﺄﺧﯿﺮ ﻟﺠﺴﺘﯿﮏ ‪11 .....................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .30.3‬ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ‪11 ..............................................................‬‬
‫‪ .31.3‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪12 ..............................................................‬‬
‫‪ .32.3‬دادهﻫﺎي ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪12 ....................................................‬‬
‫‪ .33.3‬ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻧﺖ ‪12 ............................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .34.3‬ﺛﺒﺖ ﻧﺖ ‪12 .............................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .35.3‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ‪12 ...................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .36.3‬ﻧﻔﺮ ‪ -‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪13 ...............................................‬‬
‫‪ .37.3‬ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ‪13 .................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .38.3‬ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﻏﯿﺮ ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﯽ ‪13 .................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .39.3‬ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ‪13 .....................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .40.3‬زﻣﺎن ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ‪14 .......................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .41.3‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ‪14 .....................................................‬‬
‫‪ .42.3‬ﻧﺖ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮاﻧﻪ ‪14 ......................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .43.3‬اﻓﺰوﻧﮕﯽ ‪14 ............................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .44.3‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن ‪14 .....................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .45.3‬ﮐﺎرﮐﺮد ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ‪15 ...................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 46.3‬زﯾﺮ واﺣﺪ ‪15 ..........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .47.3‬دوره ﻧﻈﺎرت ‪15 ........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .48.3‬ﮐﺪﯾﻨﮓ ﻣﮑﺎن ‪15 .......................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .49.3‬رده ﺑﻨﺪي ‪16 ...........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .50.3‬ﺣﺎﻟﺖ آﻣﺎده ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎري ‪16 ...............................................................‬‬
‫‪ .51.3‬زﻣﺎن آﻣﺎده ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎري ‪16 ................................................................‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﮐﻠﻤﺎت اﺧﺘﺼﺎري ‪16 ......................................................................‬‬
‫‪ (5‬ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ‪18 ...................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .1.5‬ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ‪18 ...........................................................‬‬
‫‪ .2.5‬دوره زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ‪18 .........................................................‬‬
‫‪ .3.5‬اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ‪19 .......................................‬‬
‫‪ .4.5‬ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺘﻬﺎ ‪20 ..........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .5.5‬ﺗﺒﺎدل دادﻫﻬﺎي ‪22 ............................................................... RM‬‬
‫‪ (6‬ﻣﺰﯾﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري و ﺗﺒﺎدل دادهﻫﺎي ‪23 ...................................... RM‬‬
‫‪ (7‬ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ دادهﻫﺎ ‪27 ...........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .1.7‬اﺧﺬ دادهﻫﺎي ﺑﺎ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ‪27 ............................................................‬‬
‫‪ .1.1.7‬ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ داده ﻫﺎ ‪27 ...........................................................‬‬
‫‪ .2.1.7‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ‪27 ........................................................‬‬
‫‪ .3.1.7‬ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ‪30 ....................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .4.1.7‬ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖﻫﺎ و ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ‪31 .......................................................‬‬
‫‪ .2.7‬ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﺟﻤﻊآوري دادهﻫﺎ ‪32 ..........................................................‬‬
‫‪.1.2.7‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ دادهﻫﺎ ‪32 ..........................................................................‬‬
‫‪.2.2.7‬روشﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊآوري دادهﻫﺎ ‪33 .......................................................‬‬
‫‪.3.2.7‬ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﯽ و آﻣﻮزش ‪34 ..............................................................‬‬
‫‪ (8‬ﻣﺮز‪ ،‬رده ﺑﻨﺪي و ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ‪35 ..........................................‬‬
‫‪ .1.8‬ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﻣﺮز ‪35 .........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .2.8‬رده ﺑﻨﺪي ‪37 ...........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .3.8‬ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺟﺪول ﻫﺎي زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ‪42 ..............................................‬‬
‫‪ .1.3.8‬دوره ﻧﻈﺎرت و ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ‪42 .........................................................‬‬
‫‪ .2.3.8‬دوره ﻫﺎي زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري داده ‪45 ..............................................‬‬
‫‪ .3.3.8‬زﻣﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪46 ................................................‬‬
‫‪ (9‬دادهﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات‪ ،‬ﺧﺮاﺑﯽﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪47 ..............‬‬
‫‪ .1.9‬اﻧﻮاع دادهﻫﺎ ‪47 .........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .2.9‬ﻗﺎﻟﺐ دادهﻫﺎ ‪49 .........................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .3.9‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎه دادهﻫﺎ‪50 ...............................................................‬‬
‫‪ .1.3.9‬ﺗﺸﺮﯾﺢ ‪50 ............................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .2.3.9‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ ‪50 ...................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .3.3.9‬ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎه داده ‪51 ..............................................................‬‬
‫‪ .4.9‬دادهﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ‪52 .................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .5.9‬دادهﻫﺎي ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ‪56 ....................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .6.9‬دادهﻫﺎي ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪59 ....................................................‬‬
‫‪ .1.6.9‬ﮐﻠﯽ ‪59 ...............................................................................‬‬
‫‪ .2.6.9‬دﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪59 ...............................................‬‬
‫‪ .3.6.9‬ﮔﺰارش دادهﻫﺎي ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪60 ........................................‬‬

‫ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺖ اﻟﻒ‪ :‬وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي دﺳﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات‬

‫اﻟﻒ‪.1.‬ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪﻫﺎ ‪67 .............................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .1.1.‬ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ‪67 ...........................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .2.1.‬ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ ﻣﺮز ‪68 .....................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .3.1.‬دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ‪69 .....................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .4.1.‬دﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ‪69 .................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.2.‬دادهﻫﺎي ﺧﺎص ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ‪78 ..........................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .1.2.‬ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ‪78 ...........................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .2.2.‬دادهﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ﭼﺮﺧﺸﯽ ‪79 ...................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .1.2.2.‬ﻣﻮﺗﻮرﻫﺎي اﺣﺘﺮاﻗﯽ ‪79 .........................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .2.2.2.‬ﮐﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر ‪81 ....................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .3.2.2.‬ﻣﻮﻟﺪﻫﺎي اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ‪86 .........................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .4.2.2.‬اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻣﻮﺗﻮرﻫﺎ‪90 ...............................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .5.2.2.‬ﺗﻮرﺑﯿﻦﻫﺎي ﮔﺎزي ‪92 ...........................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .6.2.2.‬ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎ ‪97 ..................................................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .7.2.2.‬ﺗﻮرﺑﯿﻦ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺨﺎر ‪100 .........................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .8.2.2.‬ﺗﻮرﺑﯿﻦ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺒﺴﺎﻃﯽ ‪103 .....................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .3.2.‬ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﮑﯽ ‪105.............................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .1.3.2.‬ﺟﺮﺛﻘﯿﻞﻫﺎ ‪105 ..................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .2.3.2.‬ﻣﺒﺪل ﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ ‪109 .......................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .3.3.2.‬ﻫﯿﺘﺮﻫﺎ )ﮔﺮم ﮐﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ ( و دﯾﮓﻫﺎي ﺑﺨﺎر ‪111 ...............................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .4.3.2.‬ﺷﯿﺮﻫﺎ ‪114 ......................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .5.3.2.‬ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﮐﺸﯽ ‪118 ..................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .6.3.2.‬ﺑﮑﺴﻞ )وﯾﻨﭻ( ‪120 .............................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .7.3.2.‬ﺑﺮﺟﮑﻬﺎ ‪122 ....................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .8.3.2.‬ﻫﺮزه ﮔﺮدﻫﺎ ‪125 ...............................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.4.2.‬ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ‪128.............................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.1.4.2.‬ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﺑﺪون وﻗﻔﻪ )‪128 ........................................... (UPS‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.2.4.2.‬ﺗﺮاﻧﺴﻔﻮرﻣﺎﺗﻮر ﻧﯿﺮو )ﻣﺒﺪل ﻫﺎي ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ( ‪131 .................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.5.2.‬اﯾﻤﻨﯽ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ‪134...................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.1.5.2.‬ردﯾﺎبﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز و ﺣﺮﯾﻖ ‪134 ..................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.2.5.2.‬اﺑﺰار ورودي ‪137 ................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.3.5.2.‬واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ‪140 ...................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.4.5.2.‬ﺷﯿﺮﻫﺎ ‪143 .......................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.5.5.2.‬ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎ ‪149 ........................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.6.2.‬ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪات زﯾﺮ درﯾﺎ ‪152...............................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪ .1.6.2.‬ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ زﯾﺮ درﯾﺎ ‪152 .....................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.2.6.2.‬ﺗﺎج ﭼﺎه ‪156 .....................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.3.6.2.‬ﺟﺪاره درﯾﺎﯾﯽ )‪161 ..................................................... (riser‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.4.6.2.‬ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎي زﯾﺮ درﯾﺎ ‪163 ........................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.7.2.‬ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﭼﺎه ‪166............................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.1.7.2.‬رده ﺑﻨﺪي ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪166 ...........................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.2.7.2.‬وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ‪168 ...............................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.3.7.2.‬ﺷﯿﺮﻫﺎي اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن درون ﭼﺎﻫﯽ )‪170 ................................ (DHSV‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.4.7.2.‬دادهﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ‪ /‬ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ ‪175 .....................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.5.7.2.‬دادهﻫﺎي ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ و ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪176 .................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.8.2.‬ﺣﻔﺎري ‪176...........................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.1.8.2.‬ﻣﺤﺮك ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ ‪176 ......................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.2.8.2.‬ﺷﯿﺮ ﻓﻮران ﮔﯿﺮ )‪181 ................................................... (BOP‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ‪.9.2.‬ﺗﺄﺳﯿﺴﺎت ‪188........................................................................‬‬
 ‫ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺖ ب‪ :‬ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ و ﺗﻮﺿﯿﺢ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ و ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و‬
‫ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات‬
‫ب‪.1.‬ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ‪190........................................................................‬‬
‫ب‪.2.‬ﯾﺎدداﺷﺖ ﺑﺮداري دادهﻫﺎي ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ و ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪192......................‬‬
‫ب‪.1.2.‬ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ‪192.............................................................................‬‬
‫ب‪.2.2.‬ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺴﻢ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ‪194...................................................................‬‬
‫ب‪.3.2.‬ﻋﻠﺖ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ‪198.......................................................................‬‬
‫ب‪.4.2.‬روش ردﯾﺎﺑﯽ ‪201......................................................................‬‬
‫ب‪.5.2.‬ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪203.......................................................‬‬
‫ب‪.6.2.‬ﺣﺎﻟﺖﻫﺎي ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ‪205.................................................................‬‬

‫ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺖ ج‪ :‬راﻫﻨﻤﺎي ﺷﺮح و ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن و‬

‫ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات‬
‫ج‪.1.‬ﺗﺸﺮﯾﺢ ﻗﻮاﻋﺪي ﮐﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ و ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات‬
‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ‪225...................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .1.1.‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ‪225..............................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .2.1.‬ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ اﻓﺰوﻧﮕﯽ ‪225..................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .3.1.‬دادهﻫﺎي ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ‪226.............................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .4.1.‬ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ‪227...............................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .5.1.‬ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﻫﺎي واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ‪228................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .6.1.‬ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ دﻻﯾﻞ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك )‪228.............................................. (CCF‬‬
‫ج‪ .7.1.‬ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎ ﺣﺎﻻت ﻣﺸﺘﺮك )‪230......................................... (CMF‬‬
‫ج‪ .8.1.‬ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﺗﺮﯾﭗ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰ )ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ‪230............................................. (Trip‬‬
‫ج‪ .9.1.‬ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎي ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ‪231.....................................................‬‬
‫ج‪.10.1.‬ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺧﺮاﺑﯿﻬﺎ ‪232....................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪.11.1.‬ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﯽ ‪235.........................................................‬‬
‫ج‪.2.‬دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ‪235..............................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .1.2.‬ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ‪235......................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .2.2.‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ‪236..................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .3.2.‬اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي و ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ دادهﻫﺎي ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪه ‪238.................‬‬
‫ج‪ .1.3.2.‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ دادهﻫﺎي ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪه ‪238............‬‬
‫ج‪ .2.3.2.‬ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي و ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ دادهﻫﺎي ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪه ‪239......‬‬
‫ج‪.3.‬ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ ﻧﺮخ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ‪241..................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .1.3.‬ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ‪241.............................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .1.1.3.‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ ﻧﺮخ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ و ﻧﺮخ رﯾﺴﮏ ‪241..................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .2.1.3.‬ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ ﻧﺮخ ﻫﺎي ﺷﮑﺴﺖ و رﯾﺴﮏ ‪244............................‬‬
‫ج‪ .2.3.‬ﺑﺮآورد اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﺮخ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ‪245......................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .3.3.‬ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ ﻧﺮخ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﺻﻔﺮ – روﯾﮑﺮد ﺑﯿﺰي ‪247...........................‬‬
‫ج‪.1.3.3.‬ﮐﻠﯽ ‪247...............................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪.2.3.3.‬ﺑﺮآورد ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺳﻄﺢ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ‪248..............................................‬‬
‫ج‪.3.3.3.‬ﻓﻮاﯾﺪ ‪248.............................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪.4.‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪248........................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .1.4.‬ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ راﯾﺞ ‪248......................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .2.4.‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم رﯾﺎﺿﯽ ‪249.....................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪.1.2.4.‬ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪249 .......................................‬‬
‫ج‪.2.2.4.‬اﺟﺮاي ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ‪249 .....................................................‬‬
‫ج‪.3.2.4.‬ﻧﺮخ ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮ‪250 .....................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪.4.2.4.‬اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺎ و ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ ﻫﺎ ‪251 ................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .3.4.‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري _ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﺻﻠﯽ و ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ‪252......................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .4.4.‬روﯾﻪ اي ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮدآوري دادﻫﻬﺎي ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ‪253................‬‬
‫ج‪.5.‬ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ "ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ زﻣﺎن" ‪253............................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .1.5.‬اﺻﻮل ‪253..............................................................................‬‬
‫( ‪254...................................................‬‬ ‫ج‪ .2.5.‬ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ زﻣﺎن ﺗﻮﻗﻒ )‬

‫( ‪254...........................................‬‬ ‫ج‪ .3.5.‬ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ زﻣﺎن ﺑﯿﻦ ﺧﺮاﺑﯿﻬﺎ )‬

‫ج‪ .1.3.5.‬ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ‪254..........................................................................‬‬

‫‪254...............................................................‬‬ ‫ج‪ .2.3.5.‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ‬
‫‪255.................................................................‬‬ ‫ج‪ .3.3.5.‬ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬
‫( ‪255...............................................‬‬ ‫ج‪ .4.5.‬ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ زﻣﺎن ﺗﺎ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ )‬

‫ج‪ .1.4.5.‬ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ‪255..........................................................................‬‬

‫‪256................................................................‬‬ ‫ج‪ .2.4.5.‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ‬
‫‪256.................................................................‬‬ ‫ج‪ .3.4.5.‬ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬
‫‪256.................................................‬‬ ‫ج‪ .5.5.‬ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ زﻣﺎن ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات‬
‫ج‪ .1.5.5.‬ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ‪256..........................................................................‬‬
‫‪257...............................................................‬‬ ‫ج‪ .2.5.5.‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ‬
‫‪257.................................................................‬‬ ‫ج‪ .3.5.5.‬ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬
‫( ‪258..........................................‬‬ ‫ج‪ .6.5.‬ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ زﻣﺎن آﻣﺎده ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎري )‬

‫ج‪ .7.5.‬روش ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎي ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ زﻣﺎن ‪258.......................‬‬
‫ج‪.6.‬آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﺮاي ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﻫﺎي ﭘﻨﻬﺎن در ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﯾﻤﻦ ‪258......................‬‬
‫ج‪ .1.6.‬ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﮐﻠﯽ ‪258........................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .2.6.‬دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺿﺮوري ‪259.................................................................‬‬
‫ج‪ .3.6.‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ‪ -‬ﺳﻮد ‪260..................................................‬‬

‫ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺖ د‪ :‬ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز دادهﻫﺎ‬

‫د‪.1.‬ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ‪263.................................................................................‬‬
‫د‪.2.‬ارزش ﺗﺠﺎري ﺟﻤﻊ آوري داده ‪264......................................................‬‬
‫د‪.3.‬دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ‪265....................................................................‬‬

‫ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺖ ه‪ :‬ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﮐﻠﯿﺪي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد )‪ (KPI‬و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر‬

‫ه‪.1.‬ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ‪278.................................................................................‬‬
‫ه‪.2.‬ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻫﺪاف ﺗﺠﺎري ‪281..........................................................‬‬
‫ه‪ .1.2.‬ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ‪281.............................................................................‬‬
‫ه‪ .2.2.‬ﺗﻔﺎوت ﺑﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﮐﻠﯿﺪي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ ‪282..........................‬‬
‫ه‪.3.‬ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ‪283...........................................................................‬‬
‫ه‪ .1.3.‬اﺻﻮل ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ‪283................................................................‬‬
‫ه‪ .2.3.‬ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ‪284.............................................................................‬‬
‫ه‪ .3.3.‬ﺳﻄﺢ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ‪284..................................................................‬‬
‫ه‪ .4.3.‬اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ ‪285....................................................................‬‬
‫ه‪ .5.3.‬ﺗﺮاز ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﻠﯿﺪي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد در ﻣﯿﺎن ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎ ‪286............‬‬
‫ه‪ .6.3.‬ﻣﺰاﯾﺎي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر‪286................................................................‬‬
‫ه‪ .7.3.‬اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺴﺎن ‪287.......................................................‬‬
‫ه‪.1.7.3.‬ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ‪287............................................................................‬‬
‫ه‪.2.7.3.‬اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺴﺎن ‪288......................................................‬‬
‫ه‪.4.‬ﻣﺜﺎﻟﯽ از ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﮐﻠﯿﺪي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دادهﻫﺎي ‪288... RM‬‬

‫ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺖ ي‪ :‬دﺳﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪي و ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽﻫﺎي ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﯽ‬

‫ي‪.1.‬ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ‪298................................................................................‬‬
‫ي‪ .2.‬دﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺧﺮاﺑﯿﻬﺎ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي اﯾﻤﻨﯽ اﺑﺰاري ‪298...................................‬‬
‫ي‪ .1.2.‬ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ‪298...................................................................‬‬
‫ي‪ .2.2.‬ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻔﯽ از ‪) IE 61508‬ﻫﻤﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎ( و ‪) IE 61511‬ﻫﻤﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎ( ‪300......‬‬
‫ي‪ .3.‬ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﯽ‪ /‬ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎك ﺑﺮاي ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ‪302..................‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ‬

‫»ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﺎز و ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﯿﻤﯽ‪ -‬ﮔﺮدآوري و‬

‫ﺗﺒﺎدل دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﯿﺰان ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن‪ ،1‬و‬

‫ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات )ﻧﺖ(‪ 2‬ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات«‬

‫‪ (1‬داﻣﻨﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬

‫اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﻣﺮﺟﻌﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎي ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري‬
‫و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات )ﻧﺖ( و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن )‪ 3(RM‬را ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎم ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات و ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت در ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ‬
‫ﻧﻔﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﺎز و ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﯿﻤﯽ در ﻃﯽ ﻃﻮل ﻋﻤﺮﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎﺗﯽ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات اراﺋﻪ ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ‪ .‬اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫اﺻﻮل ﺟﻤﻊ آوري داده ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ‪ ،‬واژه ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ و واژه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ "ﻣﯿﺰان ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ‬
‫اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن" را ﺷﺮح ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺒﺎدل ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯿﺎت ﮐﺎرﮐﺮدي ﻣﻔﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻻت ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ‪ 4‬ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﺷﺪه در ﺑﺨﺶ اﺻﻠﯽ‪ 5‬اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮان "ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻟﻐﺎت" ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﮐﻤﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪Reliability‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪Maintenance‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪Reliability and Maintenance‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪Failure modes‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪Normative part‬‬
 ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪ISO 14224 : 2006‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ دادهﻫﺎ و روشﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻀﻤﯿﻦ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آﻧﻬﺎ را ﺑﺮاي راﻫﻨﻤﺎﯾﯽ‬
‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان اراﺋﻪ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﺳﺎزي ﺟﻤﻊآوري داده‪ ،‬ﺗﺒﺎدل اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﯿﻦ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﮐﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن و ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎران را ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻞ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ‪ .‬اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ‬
‫اﻟﺰاﻣﺎﺗﯽ را ﺑﻮﺟﻮد ﻣﯽآورد ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊآوري داده ‪ RM‬ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺗﺠﺎري ﯾﺎ‬
‫ﮐﺎرﮔﺎﻫﯽ در ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﺗﺒﺎدل داده ‪ RM‬ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ ﭘﺎﯾﺒﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬در اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎلﻫﺎ‪ ،‬اﺻﻮل و راﻫﻨﻤﺎﯾﯽﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺒﺎدل و ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ دادهﻫﺎي ‪ RM‬اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺧﻼﺻﻪاي از ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ﻣﺸﻤﻮل اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ در ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺖ اﻟﻒ آورده ﺷﺪه‬
‫اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻤﻊآوري را در دو‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ‬اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﺮاي اﻧﻮاع دادهﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪه در روشﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬
‫ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‪ 6‬دادهﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻞ ﺗﺒﺎدل دادهﻫﺎي ﻧﺖ و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ‬
‫اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن )‪ (RM‬ﺑﯿﻦ ﮐﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن و ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎران‪.‬‬
‫دادهﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي زﯾﺮ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪‬‬

‫‪ ‬دادهﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ رده ﺑﻨﺪي ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات‪ ،‬وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات‬

‫‪7‬‬
‫‪ ‬دادهﻫﺎي ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻋﻠﻞ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ‬
‫دادهﻫﺎي ﻧﺖ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه‪ ،‬ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪ‬ ‫‪‬‬

‫‪9‬‬
‫ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات‪ ،8‬ﻣﺪت زﻣﺎن ﺗﻮﻗﻒ‬

‫ﻧﮑﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﺟﺰﺋﯿﺎت ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي در ﻣﻮرد ﻣﺤﺘﻮﯾﺎت و ﺷﮑﻞ دادهﻫﺎ در ﺑﻨﺪ ‪ 9‬اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪6‬‬
‫‪Format‬‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫‪Failure consequence‬‬
‫‪8‬‬
‫‪Maintenance consequence‬‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫‪Down time‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ‬

‫‪ ‬اﯾﻦ دادهﻫﺎ را ﻣﯽﺗﻮان در ﺣﻮزهﻫﺎي ذﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﺑﺮد‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ وﻗﻮع ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ و ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺴﻢ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ‬
‫اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ‪ ،11‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬
‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﮐﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫‪13‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮاﻧﻪ‪ 12‬و اﺻﻼﺣﯽ‬
‫‪ ‬اﯾﻤﻨﯽ و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻀﺮ ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻤﻨﯽ و‪ /‬ﯾﺎ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ‬
‫‪ ‬اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻮارد زﯾﺮ ﮐﺎﺑﺮد ﻧﺪارد‪:‬‬
‫‪ ‬دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬
‫‪ ‬دادهﻫﺎي ﺗﺴﺖ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﺴﺖ ﺷﺘﺎب ﻃﻮل ﻋﻤﺮ(‬
‫‪ ‬اوراق ﮐﺎﻣﻞ دادهﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات )ﻓﻘﻂ اوراﻗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﯾﻦ اوراق ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬دادهﻫﺎي دﯾﮕﺮي ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﯾﮏ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮدار ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري و ﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻔﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬روشﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاي آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دادهﻫﺎي ‪) RM‬ﮔﺮﭼﻪ اﺻﻮل ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن و ﻧﺖ در ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺖ ﻫﺎ آورده‬
‫ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪(.‬‬

‫‪ (2‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ اﺻﻠﯽ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ زﯾﺮ ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ از اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺿﺮوري ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻌﯽ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ اﺳﺖ‬
‫ﮐﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ وﯾﺮاﯾﺶ ﺷﺪه آﻧﻬﺎ در ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي ذﮐﺮ ﺷﺪه ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬اﮔﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻨﺒﻌﯽ‬
‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ذﮐﺮ ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬آﺧﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ وﯾﺮاﯾﺶ ﺷﺪه آن )از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮع اﺻﻼﺣﯿﻪ از آن(‬
‫ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪10‬‬
‫‪Availability‬‬
‫‪11‬‬
‫‪Efficiency‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪Preventive‬‬
‫‪13‬‬
‫‪Corrective‬‬
 ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﺮات ‪ISO 14224 : 2006‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬

‫‪ ،IEC 60034-1:2004‬ﻣﺎﺷﯿﻦ ﻫﺎي اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ ﭼﺮﺧﺸﯽ ‪ -‬ﺑﺨﺶ ‪ :1‬ﺗﻮان و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد‬

‫‪ ،IEC 60076-1:2000‬ﻣﺒﺪل ﻫﺎي ﻧﯿﺮو ‪ -‬ﺑﺨﺶ‪ :1‬ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ‬

‫‪ ،IEC 60076-2:1993‬ﻣﺒﺪل ﻫﺎي ﻧﯿﺮو‪ -‬ﺑﺨﺶ‪ :2‬اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ درﺟﻪ ﺣﺮارت‬

‫‪ ،IEC 60076-3‬ﻣﺒﺪل ﻫﺎي ﻧﯿﺮو‪ -‬ﺑﺨﺶ‪ :3‬ﺳﻄﻮح ﻋﺎﯾﻖ ﺑﻨﺪي‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺖ ﻫﺎي دياﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯿﮏ‬
‫و ﭘﺎﮐﺴﺎزي ﺑﯿﺮوﻧﯽ در ﻫﻮا‬

‫‪ ،IEC 60529:2001‬درﺟﻪﻫﺎي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه در ﺿﻤﯿﻤﻪﻫﺎ )‪(IP Code‬‬

‫‪ ،IEC 62114‬ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻋﺎﯾﻖ ﺑﻨﺪي اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ‬

‫‪ (3‬ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ و اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت‬

‫در ﺟﻬﺖ اﻫﺪاف اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ و اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت زﯾﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر رﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﮑﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﺪا ﺷﺪه از ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن‪ ،‬ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ دادهﻫﺎي‬
‫ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن آنﻫﺎ را ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮐﺮد در ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺖ ج اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد آورده‬
‫ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .1.3‬دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬

‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﻧﺠﺎم ﯾﮏ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﻌﯿﻦ ﯾﺎ در ﯾﮏ ﺗﻨﺎوب زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻌﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺮض اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﯿﺮوﻧﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﮑﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻼع از ﺟﺰﺋﯿﺎت و ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ در ﻣﻮرد دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺖ ج ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ‬
‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‪.‬‬