June 7

1. Paradigm is unique to culture

2. Tech is used to improve science, used by society
Medicine as a science
Ageing
Live longer
3. Healthcare is as old as humanity
-search for longevity
-alleviate suffering

4. In primitive times

-believed that illness and diseases were punishment from God

-priests as healers

-body of knowledge passed on thru oral tradition

History of med

Saliva alpha amylase

 Early practices
-observations in nature
1. Herbs – what plants do animals eat when sick
2. Leaves, fruit, bark, root
3. Decoctions (teas)
4. Chewing of fresh leaves
-What are some of the herbs still used today
Shrimps back pain
Deer antler bleeds = menstruation, for anemics
Cut nail dog bleeds
Lobster for back pain

Belief systems
-use of trephining
 Drilling holes in the head for migraine, headaches
 Belief that evil spirits reside within the head thus it needs to be let out
-traced as far back as the Paleolithic era
-is this method still used today?

Mayan
1700s

Trephinination in modern times

 Safe borehole areas

Modern times
 Burr hole surgery
 -relieve internal pressure due to accum of blod
 Craniotomy
 -relueve pressure exrted byba swelling brain
 Confined in a smallnplace
 Clamping of a burst artety
 Tumor removal

Aneurysm clipping

Herbal med tech

Trad methods

-poultice

Decoction- boil until 1/3 water left super concentrated

Infusion

Aroma

Stem cells

Gene therapy

Mebo = crushed earthworms

Revolution in Medicine

What elements in med are responsible for the paradigm shift?

Patient safety

What elements of the belief system has changed?

Is our science different from the science of our culture?

Hollow block making

Pyramid structure
Steel and cement

Cement water exothermic reaction

Cement to water

Nat Geo

Ancient discoveries in medicine

Med b4 still used today

Untold story of

Torpedo eel

Leech rediscovery of a method

Arrow innovation

Torpedo eel innovation on discovering new way to have elec

Innovation by development

Tech

Design

New innovations, technologies, solutions

Need

Problem

Provide solution

Best solution
Focus group disc