128 64 32 16 | 8 4 2 1

172.24.159.220/28
X.X.X.1111 | 0000

128 64 32 16 | 8 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 15
15+208 = 223 = broadcast

Network is 172.24.159.208/28
first ip is 172.24.159.209/28
Last Ip is 172.24.159.222/28
broadcast is 172.24.159.223

X.X.X.208 X.X.X.209
X.X.X.224 X.X.X.222
----------------------------------------------------
128 64 32 | 16 8 4 2 1

192.168.165.241/27

X.X.X.111 | 00000

128 64 32 | 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 31
31 + 224 = 255 = broadcast

network is 192.168.165.224/27
first ip is 192.168.165.225/27
last ip is 192.168.165.254/27

X.X.X.128
X.X.X.160
X.X.X.192
X.X.X.224 X.X.X.225
X.X.X.255 X.X.X.254

-----------------------------------------------------
128 64 32 | 16 8 4 2 1

192.168.44.224/255.255.255.224/27

X.X.X.111|00000

128 64 32 | 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 31
31 + 224 = 255 = broadcast
network is 192.168.44.224/27
first ip is 192.168.44.225/27
Last Ip is 192.168.44.254/27

X.X.X.192
X.X.X.224 X.X.X.254
X.X.X.255
------------------------------------------------------
128 64 32 | 16 8 4 2 1
172.29.48.150/27

X.X.X.111|00000

128 64 32 | 16 8 4 2 1 = 31
31 + 128 = 159 = broadcast
network is 172.29.48.128/27
first ip is 172.29.48.129/27
last ip is 172.29.48.158/27

X.X.X.32
X.X.X.64
X.X.X.96
X.X.X.128 X.X.X.158
X.X.X.160

====================================================
128 64 32 16 | 8 4 2 1

10.152.205.43/20
X.X.1111 | 0000.000000
128 64 32 16 | 8 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 15
15 + 192 = 207 = broadcast
network is 10.152.192.0
first ip is 10.152.192.1
last ip is 10.152.207.254
Broadcast is 10.152.207.255

X.X.184.0
X.X.192.0
X.X.208.0
=====================================================
128 64 32 | 16 8 4 2 1

172.17.112.160/27 255.255.255.224

x.x.x.160

broadcast = 31 + 160 = 191

network = 172.17.112.160
host min = 172.17.112.161
host max = 172.17.112.190