Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Choosing and deciding on something og consequence. The result of

what you have choosen can either, help you, it will hinder you in the future. It also the

same with the course that you will have to decide. In choosing a course, there are a lot

of factors that the student must consider. According to Boyer(1987), “ in taking a course,

one of the life’s major decision is being made. A lot of time, money and effort will be

involed. The shape anfd excellence of the student’s life may rest on the result. “ In

choosing a junior, senior academic track, a student should take a risk. F. Yates, Veinotte

and Patalano(2003) define a decision’s as a commitment to course of action that is

intended to produce a satisfying state of affairs. “A student will choose a course which

he/she will be studying throughout his/her college years, and decision making for a

students.

Making decision implies that there are choices to be considered, and in

such case we want only to identify as many of these alternatives as possible but to choose

the one that best fits with our goals, objectives, desires, values and so on. Harris (1980)

decision making is the best way to get one’s satisfaction, and considered as the best-

required thing to do to have a successful and a very satisfying life. One decent decision

that a person will do make a huge impact in his or her life. Decision-making happens in

people, and some are for their future. This career choosing requires mature and severse

discussion since their choices will decide. What their future will be. Selecting am

upcoming course consist of different factor that will influence their decision’s.
 As observed the student that usually took the course that they don’t like

to affect their grades, For example, as a resercher, we even encounter having a hard

time on deciding what course to take and ended up having the course that our parents

wants us to take. At first, it was good for the course but as the time goes by it will become

dull finding out it does meet you interest. Hence, the gradeswill then become little and

ended up thinking of shifting from another course.

Consequently, the grades of a student will affect the performances of a

child it deciding what course to take for granded. This study aims to help student be aware

tha there are lost of factors that should considered before deciding whaat course to take.

The grade is to make the student realize that before they end up taking a certain, it shuold

be well planned to avoid regrets in the end.

Choosing a career path. Can help you set proffesional goals and

develop a strategy for getting where you want to be. Part of selecting an appropriate

career path involves making an honest self-evolution of your talent, skills, and interests.

While elements of your path may change over time due to choices or cirmcumstance,

having an overall professional objective with which to guide your self will help you make

critical decision with greater clarity. Your choices of profession can dictate where you live

and may affect when you marry and have a family. Choosing a career path can help you

make other important life decisions.

Statement of the Problem

 This study aims to asses the factors that affect academic performance of Grade

10 students in President Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School for School

Year 2018-2019

Specially, this research sought answer to the following questions:

1.What is the element of the factors affecting the career choices of Grade 10 students in

President Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School in terms of:

1.1 Peer pressure

1.2 Career preferences

1.3 Financial problem

1.4 Employment opportunity

2. What are the possible factors in career choices of Grade 10 students in President

Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School

3. Is there signifficant relationship between the Extent of factors affecting the career

choices and the possible factors in career choices of Grade 10 students in President

Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School.

Significance of the study

Result of this study would be beneficial to the following:
Grade 10 students. The grade 10 students can directly benefit from this study because it

can serve as a guide to decide what courses they will take considering the faactors that

will affect in choosing the career.

Teaachers. The teachers will deeply understand why student take that course. They will

know how to interact aand prepare to make learning lesson to be tought.

Parents/Guardians. The Parents/Guardians of Grade 10 students can use the results of

this study to provide the needs of their children. And help them to choose what suitable

course for the students.

Principals. The High School Principal can use this guide to help students to improve

themselves by creating and evaluating affective program for self-awareness and

knowledge that will help them.

Further Researchers. The future researchers can make use findings of this study as their

ready reference in deepening analysis and interpretation on related variable and

indicators they may desire to study in the future to help what they were going to choose

despite of the factors that will affect.

Scope and Delimitation of the study

This study focused on the extent of the factors affecting the the career

choices among 200 Grade 10 students from the selected school of President Diosdado

Macapagal Memorial National High School for School Year 2018-2019.

 Furthermore, factors affecting the career choices of Grade 10 students in this

study were limited to the Peer pressure, Financial problem, Family problems, Decision of

parents and excusing to the subjects of Grade 10 students which were correlated with the

career choices during the whole school year. This possible factors in choosing career will

identify in the surrvey. After the analysis and interpretation of results. The proposed

intervention framework was formulated.

Theoretical Framework

This study was anchored on the most relevant theories of helping the career

choices of students.

This study was guided by the Trait and Factor Theory developed by Frank

Parson’s (2016). Frank Parsons is regarded as the founder of the vocational guidance

movement. He developed the talent matching approach, which was later developed into

the Trait Factor Theory, of Occupational choice. At the center of Parson’s Theory is the

concept of matching Parsons state that occupatioanl decision making occurs when

people have achieved on accurate understanding of their individual traits(aptitudes,

interest, personal abilities). A knowledge of of jobs and the labour market. Rational and

objective judgement about the relationship between their individual traits, and the labour

market. The trait and factor theory operates under the premise that it is possible to

measure both individual talents and the attributes required in particular jobs. It also

sssumes the people may be matched to an occupation that’s a good fit.

 Concerning this study, the Trait and Factor Theory helps the Grade 10

students to decide what is suitable course from them considering their talent, personal

abilities and interests. It will also help them to improve their personality.

On the other hand the Holland’s Theory of Career Choice and You(2018).

Strengthen your career well-being with a career or major that fits your personality.

Choosing a career or education program that fits your Holland personality isa vital step

toward career well-being and success-job satisfaction, good grades, amd graduating on

time. You want to say “ Yes! “ to the question, “Do you like what you do each day?”. Your

Career well-being depends on it. In our culture, most people are one of six personality

types: Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Interprising and Conventional. Some refer

to these as Holland Codes or Reasic. People of the same personality type working

together create a work environment that fits their type. For example, when artistic persons

are together ln a job, they create a work environment tha rewards creative thinking and

behavior-An artistic environment. There are six types of work environment:Realistic,

Investigative, Artistic, Social, Interprising, Conventional. The “Work” includes doing things

to achieve a purpose, like paid and unpaid jobs, volunteering, sports, or hobbies.

Social Cognitive Theory was initially developed to address the role of background

variables, self-efficacy, and outcome expectation in the development of vocational

interedt, career chlice, and work performance, and it is has recently been extended to

both work and educational satisfaction ( Lent and Brown, 2016-2013). The SCCT model

of work satisfaction builds on Lent’s (2004) initial integration of both domain-specific and

global lifebsatisfaction. This grew from an earlier study, in which Lent al. (2015). Found

that for sample of college student, self-efficacy predicted academic satisfaction, in that
posotive affectively predicted both academic satisfaction, and social self-efficacy as well

as life satisfaction but not significantly related to academic satisfaction. Outcome

expectation, contrary theoretical prediction, did not significantly affect either academic or

social satisfaction although both types of satisfaction positive predicted life satisfaction. It

was not clear, however, how strongly academic satisfaction is related to work

satisfaction, regardless of age. In 2006 Lent and Brown cite an increased interst among

vocational researcher in the relationship between dispositional factors in job satisfaction,

and they proposed a model predicting that the following variables directly affect work

satisfaction: personality/affective traits(extraversion, neurotism and conscientiousness),

self-efficacy expectation, participation in and progress at goal directed activity, work

conditon and outcomes, and revelant environment support and resources, and obstacles.

The model also predicted that the personality/affective variables in environmental

condition directly affect self-efficacy expectation. To date, this model has not been directly

tasted with working adults, either in mid-life or of retirement age.

The concept of this theory connects to the personality of the student. It will contribute

to their perception in doing a decision. It will deepen their understanding in such thing

whatever personality they have, there is one job that will really fit to their to study hard.

This theory directs to your personal goal. In your stage, now your goal must clear on

your mind and your mind was connected to it.

Conceptual Model

The paradigm of the study is presented below:

Extent of the factors affecting the career

choices of Grade 10 students in

President Diosdado Macapagal

Memorial National High School in terms

of: Possible factors in career choices of

Grade 10 students in Pesident Diosdado

1.1 Peer pressure
Macapagal Memorial National High
1.2 Career preferences
school.
1.3 Financial problem

1.4 Employment opportunity

Figure 1. Hypothesized Relatinship between and among variables.

Figure 1 described the conceptual model of this study which shows the two

variables under the study. The first variable is the independent variable described as the

Extent of the factors affecting the career choices of Grade 10 students in President
Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School. It was measured in terms of(a) peer

pressure, (b) career preferences, (c) financial problem and (d) employment opportunity.

The second is the dependent variable which was the Possible factors in

career choices of Grade 10 students in President Diosdado Macapagal Memorial

National High School. As further shown in the figure, these two variables were connected

by or one tailed arrow which indicates the hypothesized relationship between them.

After, the analysis and interpretation of the results. The purposed

Intervention Framework to be used in helping the career choice of the Grade 10 students

in President Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School was formulated.

Definition of Terms

For further understanding the following terms were operationally defined.

Career Choices. it refers to the skills, ability, wants and course that will

student will take after they graduated Junior High School.

Attitude toward Education. it refers to the way of thinking feelings,

perception and opinions of Grade 10 student in President Diosdado Macapagal Memorial

National High School.

Employment opportunity. refers that there is an available or immediate

employment of the respondent after finishing college.

Career preferences. it refers to the choice of occupation or profession of a

graduating student.
 Peer pressure. they are the respondent’s friends and classmate who exert

an influence in the choice of a career.

Financial problem. it refers to the money needed by the students. It

affects most the career choices of many students.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE CAREER CHOICES OF GRADE 10 STUDENT IN

PRESIDENT DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH

SCHOOL S. Y. 2018-2019

A Quantative Research Paper

Presented to the Faculty of Senior High Department

President Diosdado Macapagal Memorial National High School

Bulaklakan, Gloria Oriental Mindoro

In Partial Fulfilment

Of the Requirements in Practical Research 2

TVL/COMPUTER AND SYSTEM SERVICING

By

VANESSA VILLAFLOR

REYNADETH SEMILLA

REAJOYCE VILLARUEL

APRIL ANN JAMILLA

ELJAY MAGDALITA

ARVIN BRIONES