A. Stepanova et al.
/ Free Radical Biology and Medicine 120 (2018) S45–S166
Background: In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) high blood glucose levels
increases oxidative stress. Metformin is a first-choice antidiabetic drug for
T2DM patients to lower blood glucose levels, oxidative stress and provide
better lipid profiles.
Objectives: This study was planned to detect antioxidant vitamin (E and C)
levels in T2DM patients at the time of diagnose (t ¼0) and after 6 months
of monotherapy (t¼ 180).
Methods: A total of 17 patients were recruited. Blood samples (10 ml)
were taken when patients were first diagnosed with T2DM and after six
months of Metformin usage. We also had an age and sex matched control
group.
Results: Vitamin C levels of T2DM patients t ¼0 was significantly lower
than the healthy controls (p ¼ 0.000). At t ¼ 180, Vitamin C levels of pa-
tients almost reached the Vitamin C levels of controls and this elevation
was found to be significant between t¼ 180 and t¼ 0 (p ¼ 0.001). On the
other hand, Vitamin E levels of healthy controls and T2DM patients
t ¼ 0 were not significantly different. At t ¼ 180, Vitamin E levels of T2DM
patients were detected as significantly lower than healthy controls
(p ¼0.267).
Conclusion: Our data suggests that there is an inverse correlation between
Vitamin C and Vitamin E levels of T2DM patients under monotherapy for
6 months period
E-mail address: ceylan_h@yahoo.com
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.180
P-34
Kinetics and biological consequences of quinone-in-
duced protein adduction
Nan Shu, Lasse G. Lorentzen, Michael J. Davies
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of
Copenhagen, Denmark
Quinones are a major class of toxicological compounds, that can both
generate radicals, and act as Michael acceptors with nucleophiles in-
cluding Cys residues on proteins. This study aimed to quantitatively assess
quinone-protein reactions and examine the relationship between quinone
adduction and protein dysfunction. A range of quinones were incubated
with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), creatine ki-
nase (CK), papain, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and human serum albu-
min (HSA), with both the kinetics of adduction and effects on protein
structure and activity determined. Adduction rate constants at Cys re-
sidues, which were dependent on the quinone and protein structures, and
thiol pKa, were in the range 103 -105 M-1s-1. p-Benzoquinone (BQ) in-
duced dimerization of GAPDH and CK (but not BSA, HSA, or papain) in a
dose- and time-dependent manner, as well as a loss of enzyme activity.
Glutathione (GSH) reacts competitively with BQ, and can thereby reverse
the activity loss and dimerization of GAPDH and CK. Mass spectrometry,
after digestion to peptide, showed that BQ preferentially forms adducts
with GAPDH at Cys149 and Cys244. These data suggest that quinones can
induce toxicity by rapidly and selectively forming adducts with Cys re-
sidues in proteins.
E-mail address: shunan@sund.ku.dk
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.181
S55
P-35
Free-radical fragmentation reactions of biomolecules
involving C-C, C-O and C-N bond cleavage
O.I. Shadyro
Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
Among a wide variety of homolytic transformations taking place in
biomolecules, the oxidation processes occurring in the cell membrane
lipids have been the most thoroughly studied ones. For such processes to
be realized, the presence of oxygen is necessary. At low O2 concentrations
the probability of oxidation processes decreases, enabling other types of
free-radical reactions to occur in biomolecules.
In our studies, a concept is being developed focusing on the important
contribution of free-radical fragmentation reactions involving C-C, C-O and
C-N bond rupture in organic molecules to the biosystem damage. Such
processes can take place without participation of oxygen and may lead not
only to destruction and modification of biologically relevant compounds
but to accumulation of physiologically active products as well.
The reactions resulting in the C-C, C-O or C-N bond ruptures occurring
in an organism are known to be catalyzed by lyases. Many of these reac-
tions proceed according to a free-radical mechanism.
The report will be focused on discussion of the above-named frag-
mentation reactions of biomolecules and the possible consequences of their
realization in an organism.
E-mail address: shadyro@tut.by
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.182
P-36
Investigation of the effect of biologically active sup-
plements on oxidative stability of flaxseed oil
Irina Edimecheva, Anna Sosnovskaya, Oleg Shadyro
Belarusian State University, Research Institute for Physical Chemical
Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
The influence of added vitamins and other biologically active sub-
stances (BAS) (α-tocopherol, α-tocopherol acetate, cholecalciferol, β-car-
otene, lutein, zeaxanthin, coenzyme Q10, selenomethionine) on resistance
of flaxseed oil to oxidation, was investigated. For this purpose, kinetic data
were obtained on accumulation of primary and secondary oxidation pro-
ducts, free fatty acids in flaxseed oil, as well as the consumption of BAS
during the storage of flaxseed oil enriched with supplements. It was shown
that the supplements used to enrich flaxseed oil could exhibit both anti-
oxidant and pro-oxidant properties depending on their chemical structure
and concentration. The fat-soluble esters of ascorbic acid and their com-
positions with natural antioxidants based on legumes have shown to be
effective and safe stabilizers of BAS enriched flaxseed oil, which enable to
substantially inhibit the oxidation and oxidative destruction of flaxseed oil
lipids, to reduce the losses of BAS, and, therefore, to extend the storage
period of the oil. Basing on the investigation results, the formulas of new,
oxidation-resistant functional food products based on flaxseed oil have
been developed, and their production has been organized.
E-mail address: irina.edimecheva@gmail.com
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.183