Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Drowning
• CPAP or PEEP
• Aerosolized β-agonists for bronchospasm
• Bronchoscopy
• Prophylactic antibiotics have not been shown to
be beneficial
• Steroids:
– No controlled human studies to support use
– Animal models and retrospective studies in humans
have failed to demonstrate benefit
Bad prognostic indicators
• Submerged >10 min • Age <3 years
• Time till BLS >10 min • CPR in ER
• CPR >25 min • Initial ABG pH <7.1
• Initial GCS <5 • Initial core temp <33o
Will the child die?
Neurologic prognosis
• Absence of spontaneous respiration is an
ominous sign associated with severe neurologic
sequelae
• Permanent neurologic sequelae persist in ~20%
of victims who present comatose
– Minimal brain dysfunction, spastic quadriplegia,
extrapyramidal syndromes, optic and cerebral
atrophy, and peripheral neuromuscular damage
Cold vs icy water immersion