+

UniKL MICET
FYP SEMINAR
THESIS FORMATTING
OCTOBER 2015
Prepared by:
DR NORZAHIR SAPAWE
FYP Campus Coordinator, MICET
07th October 2015
+ Agenda 2

1. Typing and Font

2. Margins
3. Spacing
4. Numbering Chapters and Sub-sections
5. Pagination
6. Tables
7. Figures
8. Equations and Formulae
9. Reference Style
 Please refer and download from
UniKL MICET E-Learning homepage
(http://elearn.micet.unikl.edu.my/)
all the necessary guidelines & manuals.

3
 Typing and Fonts 4

Paragraphs must be JUSTIFIED and use font Arial Size 11

+ Margins 5

For the entire thesis

including appendices, references,
preliminaries page, etc. the margins are:
Left (binding edge): 1.5 inch
Right: 1 inch
Top: 1 inch Counted as
“1” but NOT
Bottom: 1 inch printed

*There is 1 exception (2 inch margin for the

top of the 1st page of NEW CHAPTER)
 Spacing 6

1. Spacing throughout thesis must be 1.5 line spacing. This

includes:
i. Spacing between title of sub-section and first line of
text.
ii. Spacing between paragraphs.
iii. Spacing between last line of text and a table, or a figure
or an illustration.
2. 2 x 1.5 line spacing is needed for these cases:
i. Spacing between chapter number and title.
ii. Spacing between title and first line of text.
iii. Spacing between last line of text with title of a
subsection.
 Spacing 7

1. Number and title of sub-section should be aligned with the left

margin.
2. First line of paragraph should be indented by 0.5 inch from the
LEFT margin.
3. A new paragraph should NOT begin on the last line of a page

First line: 0.5

inch indent

Start at
next page
+ Example: Cover Page 8

1 inch

4 x single line
spacing

Title
10 x single line
spacing

Name

20 x single
line spacing
1.5 1
inch inch

4 x single line spacing

1 inch
 Example: Thesis Spine 9

Take note !
Correction from UniKL
Thesis Manual

AHMAD SAUFI MD YAAKOB Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Food) 2008 UniKL
0.1 0.1
inch inch

Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Food

Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Polymer
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Biosystem
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Bioprocess
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Environment
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Process
 Example: Front page 10

1 inch

4 x single line
spacing

Title
8 x single line
spacing
Name
ID No
8 x single line
spacing

8 x single line
1.5 spacing 1
inch inch

8 x single line
spacing

1 inch
 Example: Front page 11

Take note !
Correction from UniKL
Thesis Manual

A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the

requirements for the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering
Technology (Hons.) in Process

Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Food

Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Polymer
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Biosystem
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Bioprocess
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Environment
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Process
 Note:
1 inch Example: 12
Exception
in margin! 1 inch New
2 x 1.5 line spacing
Chapter
2 x 1.5 line spacing
(Take Note!)
First line: 1.5 line spacing
0.5 inch
indent

1.5 line spacing

2 x 1.5 line spacing

1.5 1
inch inch

1 inch
 Numbering Chapters and 13

Sub-sections
1. All chapters and sub-sections must be labeled
and numbered.
2. The chapters are numbered using Arabic numeric
(Chapter 1, Chapter 2, etc.)
3. Sub-sections NO NEED to be indented but must be
arranged NOT more than 4 levels:
2 First level (Title of the chapter)
2.1 Second level (Title of the sub-section)
2.1.1 Third level (Title of the sub-sub-section)
2.1.1.1 Fourth level (Title of the sub-sub-sub-
section)
 First level:
Example: 14
Chapter title
New
Second level:
Title of sub-section
Chapter
(Take Note!)

Third level:
Title of sub-sub-section
 Pagination: Preliminary Pages 15

 Page numbers should be printed at the RIGHT bottom of page

(footer)
 Preliminary pages of a thesis, starting from title page should be
numbered using small letter Roman numeric (i, ii, iii..).
 The first page should be the front page. This page should be
counted “i” but should NOT be printed.
+ Pagination: Preliminary pages 16

Preliminary Pages of
a Thesis Front Page

Counted as
“i” but NOT
printed
 Pagination: Texts 17

 The texts should be numbered using Arabic numerals

(1,2,3…).
 The first page of text should be counted “1” but the number
should NOT be printed.
 Similarly, the 1st page of all chapters should be counted but
NOT be printed.
 Tables 18

 All tables must be numbered using Arabic numerals.

 A caption should be positioned at the TOP of the table.
 If caption is in a SINGLE line, it should be CENTRED. If
the caption more than a line, it should be ALIGN to
LEFT.
 Table must be numbered with respect to the chapter.
 For example, Table 3.5 is the 5th table that appears in
Chapter 3.
 The caption Table and number must be in BOLD.
(Example: Table 4.1 Liquid constituents in LCMS)
 Spacing between the last line of a text and a table or
table with the first line of text should be 1 x 1.5 line
spacing.
 All tables must be listed in List of Tables page.
+ Example:
19

Single line:
Centred
Tables

1.5 line spacing

1.5 line spacing Remember: Table and

Number must be in Bold.
Example:
Table 4.1 Liquid constituents
quantified by HLC

1.5 line spacing

>1 line:
Aligned to left
 1 inch
Example: 20

4 x single line
spacing List of
4 x single line
spacing
Tables
2 x single line
spacing

1.5 1
inch inch

1 inch
 Figures 21

 All figures must be numbered using Arabic numerals.

 A caption should be positioned at the BOTTOM of the
figure.
 If caption is in a SINGLE line, it should be CENTRED. If
the caption more than a line, it should be ALIGN to
LEFT.
 Figures must be numbered with respect to the chapter.
For example, Fig. 3.5 is the 5th Figure that appears in
Chapter 3.
 The caption Figure and number must be in BOLD.
(Example: Fig. 4.1 Liquid constituents in LCMS)
 Spacing between the last line of a text and a figure
should be 1 x 1.5 line spacing.
 All figures must be listed in List of Figures page.
 1.5 line spacing
+ Example:
22

1.5 line spacing Figures

Single line:
Centred
Remember: Fig. and Number
must be in Bold.
Example:
Fig. 4.1 Experimental
apparatus 1
1.5 line spacing

>1 line:
Aligned to left
 1 inch
Example: 23

4 x single line
spacing List of
4 x single line
spacing Figures
2 x single line
spacing

1.5 1
inch inch

1 inch
+ Equations and Formulae 24

 Equations and formulae should be typed clearly

using appropriate Equation editor.
 Must be numbered in order with respect to the
chapter.
 For example Equation 6.11 is the 11th equation
appears in Chapter 6.
+ Equation Editor 25
References 26

 We are currently using APA (American

Psychological Association)
Referencing System.
 Author’s names are listed using
surname (Family name) followed by
initials.
 We will focus on identifying surname
(family name) and also how to
reference journal articles, books and
online resources.
 References: Journal Articles 27

In journal articles, the given names will most commonly be written first,
followed by the family name (or surname). For example below, the surname
is Savage. This journal only has 1 author.

In text citation:
Savage (1999) reported that “Water near its critical point can serve as an
environmentally benign solvent, a reactant, and a catalyst in organic chemical reactions”
OR
The ion product, or dissociation constant for water as it approaches the critical point, is
about 3 orders of magnitude higher than it is for ambient liquid water (Savage, 1999).

Reference List:
Savage, P.E. (1999). Organic chemical reaction in supercritical water. Chem. Rev. 99,
603–621.
 References: Journal Articles 28

For example below, the surnames are Sapawe and Hanafi. This journal has 2 authors.

In text citation:
Sapawe and Hanafi (2015) concludes “Introduction of Zr and Zn onto HY zeolite by
electrochemical method shows excellent photodecolorization of methylene blue”
OR
The study established a new structural model of catalyst (Sapawe & Hanafi, 2015).

Reference List:
Sapawe, N., & Hanafi, M.F. (2015). Facile one-pot electrosynthesis of high photoreactive
hexacoordinated Si with Zr and Zn catalyst. RSC Advances. 5, 635–642.
 References: Journal Articles 29
For example below, this journal has more than 2 authors.

In text citation:
The study by Sapawe et al. (2012) concludes “The presence of more Si-O-Zr bonds in
the HY framework through isomorphous substitution inhibits the photoreaction”
OR
Their study established that the production of methane gas from wood chips was
significantly enhanced by the pretreatment methods (Take et al., 2006).

Reference List:
Sapawe, N., Jalil, A.A., Triwahyono, S., Adam, S.H., Jaafar, N.F., & Satar, M.A.H. (2012).
Isomorphous substitution of Zr in the framework of aluminosilicate HY by an
electrochemical method: Evaluation by methylene blue decolorization. Appl. Catal. B:
Environ. 125, 311–323.
References List: Book 30

Reference List:
Felder, R.M., & Rousseau, R.W. (2000). Elementary Principles of Chemical
Processes. (3rd Edition). New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
References List: 31
Article in a Book

Reference List:
Matsumura, Y., & Yong, T.L.K. (2014). Production of chemicals in supercritical water. In
Fang, Z., & Xu, C.C. (Ed), Near-critical and supercritical water and their applications for
biorefineries. (pg. 427–437). New York: Springer
References List: Source from Internet 32

(www.nrel.gov/biomass/pdfs/42622.pdf).

Reference List:
Sluiter, A., Hames, B., Ruiz, R., Scarlata, C., Sluiter, J. & Templeton, D. (2008).
Determination of ash in biomass. [Online]. [Accessed 28-10-2014]. Available from
world wide web: www.nrel.gov/biomass/pdfs/42622.pdf.
 1 inch
Reference List 33
1 x 1.5 line spacing

2nd line:
0.5 inch
indent
1 x 1.5 line spacing Take note !
Addition to the
UniKL MICET Thesis
Manual

1.5
1
References
inch
inch
listed based
on
alphabetical
order
Tips to manage references database 34

Suggestions:
Named the source file with the
name of the author(s) and title
+
Thank You
Good Luck!

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