What is a solid catalyst ?

Characteristics
• High surface area
• Low pressure drop
• High number of active sites
Classification of heterogeneous catalysts
Class Functions Examples
Metals, alloys hydrogenation Fe, Ni, Pd, Pt, Ag
conductors dehydrogenation
hydrogenolysis
Oxides and sulphides block d oxidation NiO, ZnO, MnO2
Semiconductors dehydrogenation Cr2O3, Bi2O3-MoO3
desulphurization WS2
Insulator oxides blocks s and p dehydration Al2O3, SiO2, MgO
Acids, zeolites polymerization H3PO4, H2SO4
isomerization SiO2-Al2O3
cracking, alkylation

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What is a solid catalyst ? The periodic table
18

1 2 H 13 14 15 16 17 He
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Na Mg 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Al Si P S Cl Ar
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Cs Ba Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Fr Ra Lr

s block d block p block

lanthanides La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb
actinides Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No

f block

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