Backgammon Objective Backgammon is a 2-player game piayed with 1 checkers per player and @ pair of dice. In the beginning of each game the checkers are set up to a specific starting position. The players roll the dice and move their checkers according to them around the board “The goal of the geme is for each player to bring all his 1 checkers into his home board and then bear them off. The player who has Some off ail his checkers first wins the game. Roliiag The Giee At the start of the geme each player roils one die. The pleyer with tne higher number moves fist. He has to use the number jad end the number his opponent rolled ia make his first checker olay. If both players roll the same die, both coil anotier ais to determine the opering rl, Al each players turn he rolls two dice. For each number of the dice he can move a checker. ti both numbers are identicai the roli is called a doublet. The player can then move up to fe Etiquette diciaies thai each player throws his dice inte his right hand side of the board. fioving The Checkers The players move their checkers in opposite directions according fo the following rules + The rail of the dice indicate how many pips (spaces) each checker can be moved + A chacker cen only be moved forward + A checker can be moved to a given point onty if ~ there is no other checker on this point or - the point is already occupied by the pleyers own checkers oF ~ there is only one the opponent on this point (hitting). The nuinbers of the dice constitute separaie moves. For example suppose the player ralls 3 and 1. Then he can move one checker by 3 pips and enother one by 1 pip. However, he mey also move the same checker by 4 pips if he can legally move the checker first by 1 pip foliowad by 3 pips or fst by 3 pips followed by 4 pip. Players begin with 167 pips - the number of ¥y eed to move to beer off ail thelr checkers. focints) U A piayer must use both numbers of a rol! oF ali four numbers of a doublet if this Is possibie. {f only one nurnber can be played the player has to play it. either of the numbers can be played individually but not both numbers together then he has to play the higher number, Higing A checker can be hit by the opponent ff you move one of your own checkers to @ spot, where a single opponent ‘ecker Is focated (A Blot), A hit checker is placed on the €0 called "bar and has to completely run again around the oar Entering From The Bar Any time the player has checkers on the bar he has to move these checkers first. A player may nol make any other move before he has brought his checkers on the bar back into play. A checker can be brought back into play by eniering into an.open point of the opponent's home board. Re-entry can be made on the points corresponding to the rolled dice. if @ player can not re-enter from the bar because the coresponding points are owned by the opponent he must pass his tum. Bearing OF Once player has brought all his 15 checkers into his home board (the last quadrant of the board where his checkers can go) he can start beating off his checkers. ‘A checker can be bome off in the following ways: + The player may beer off @ checker from the point corresponding to the rolled die. + If there fe no checker on the corresponding point he must make a legal move from a higher numbered point. If there ere no more checkers on higher numbered points he may bear off a checker from the highest numbered point where there is still a checker. + A player is never obliged to take a checker off if he has ¢ legal altemative, + Once a checker has beri bome aff it can not be brouaht back into play.Winning ‘The game ends when a player has removed all 15 checkers from the board. This player is the winner, however there are three different kinds of a win: +A single win: If the loser managed to beer off at least one checker, then the winner wins single win, + Gammon: if the loser did not bear off eny checker, the winner wins 2 'Gammion’ counting as a double win, + Backgatnmon: Af in addition to the Gary ber, then the winner ins ioser stl hes at least ons checker in the opponent's home board of on the ‘ceammon’ counting as a triple win. The Doubling Cube Backgammon is played for 2 given steke per point. Ths players cen cither play several games or just sum up the resuit (money games) of they can play to sn agreed number of points (match play). In either case, doubling is an Important factor of the game. At the beginning of each game the stake is one point and the doubling cube is available to both players. During the game, either player mey propose to his opponent thet the geme continues for twice the stake. The opponent then has the choice of either refusing the double (giving up this game} and giving the current stake to the player, or .-king the double and continuing playing for tuice the stake. A player wo takes @ double becomes the owner of the doubling cube, Oniy the owner of the cube may offer subsequent covites. ‘There are altemative rules thet allow @ player to double, and his opponent (the owner of the doubling cube) to immediately re-double yet still retain possession of the cube (A Beaver). The tst redouble again (A Raccoon) and the opponent may redouble 2 Std time (An Otte, On each of these instant redoubles, the opponent retains ‘ownership of the doubling cubs. DICE HARES These words are used by meny other countries (with some variations in spelling etc.), including Georgia, Turkey, Armenia and others. 48 sharshieq | subesh " ceshesn