BANK RECON TUTORIAL

Ano muna yung "bank reconciliation"?

⁂ Pinagtutugma yung cash balance per bank and cash balance per book
⁂ Usually ginagawa to monthly kasi every month binibigay ng bank yung bank statement kay
depositor
Anong laman ng "bank statement"?
⁂ Beginning balanve, acknowledged deposits, paid checks, other charges and credits saka
daily cash balance during the month
So sabi ko nga, pinagtutugma, paano? Through adjustments. May tinatawag na book
adjustments saka bank adjustments.
DEFINITION OF TERMS just in case may malito:
⁂ Receipts-Tumanggap ka (Dagdag pera)
⁂ Disbursements-Gumastos ka (Bawas pera)
==========BOOK ADJUSTMENTS==========
May times na may narerecord yung bank na di mo narerecord, kaya ang nangyayare,
magkaiba yung lumalabas sa book saka bank na cash balance
May dalawang klase:
1. Credit Memos
-nakakaincrease ito ng cash in bank balance. Examples nito, yung NOTES COLLECTED BY
BANK IN YOUR FAVOR or PROCEEDS OF BANK LOANS CREDITED TO YOUR ACCOUNT or
MATURED TIME DEPOSITS.
-Explanation: For example, yung notes collected by bank in your favor. Talagang magiincrease
yung balance na nakalagay sa bank kasi nakatanggap sya eh (receipt), eh kaso di mo pa alam
yun. Kaya di mo sya nirecord sa book mo.
2. Debit Memos
-nakakadecrease ng bank balance. Examples niyan, NSF CHECKS, DEFECTIVE CHECKS,
BANK SERVICE CHARGES.
-Explanation: Yung NSF Checks kasi (Not Sufficient Fund Checks) or DAIF Checks (Drawn
Against Insuffucuent Fund Checks) yan yung customer check na tumalbok, kaya binabalik yan
sayo ng bank. Ang nangyari dito, akala mo kasi yung check na binayad sayo ng customer ok
na, kaya ang ginawa mo, nirecord mo na, akala mo kasi nakatanggap ka na kaso yun nga, si
bank sabi hindi ganon yun, hindi siya inacknowledge. Yung service charges naman, syempre
eto naman yung binabayaran mo sa bank, so si bank ginagawa niya, binabawas niya na yun.
Eh ikaw di mo pa nababawas yun sa books mo
3. Book Error
-dito naman, depende sa problem kung magiincrease ba or decrease na adjustment. Example,
ang narecord P4120, pero dapat pala talaga P420. Edi decrease siya, so ang adjustment na
gagawin dito, dedecrease mo ng P3700 yung balance mo
===========BANK ADJUSTMENTS============
Kabaliktaran ng sa una, eto naman yung mga di na-acknowledge ni bank na receipt or
disbursement. Pero sa book mo, nirecord mo na yun, kaya di pantay balance.
1. Deposits in Transit
-OTW pa lang pala yung deposit eh narecord mo na yun as receipt sa books mo. Pano nagiging
deposit in transit? Kapag:
(a) Yung pera na-forward mo na sa bangko for deposit,
kaso too late na sya to appear sa bank statement
(b) Nasa kamay pa pala ng magdedeposit yung pera (cash on hand lol) tinatawag to na
UNDEPOSITED COLLECTIONS
So sino magaadjust??? Si BANK
2. Outstanding Checks
-narecord mo na as disbursement pero di pa narecord as disbursement ni bank statement
(a) Checks already withdrawn and given to payees but not yet presented for payment
(b) Certified Checks, eto yung mga checks na nstamp na as "accepted" or "certified". NO
LONGER OUTSTANDING, so dapat dinededuct to sa outstanding checks kung nasali man to
dun
3. Bank error
-same as book error, pwede siyang increase or decrease depends sa situation
3 FORMS OF BANK RECON:
1. Adjusted Balance Method - pareho kayo mag-adjust
2. Book to bank method - Ikaw magadjust
3. Bank to book method - Siya (bank) mag-aadjust
Proof of cash
-Expanded reconciliation na pahirap ewan ko kung sino man nagimbento nito h8 u po (dejk lab
ko tong topic na to)
-Useful in discovering discrepancies, kung meron man...Which is meron nga.
So eto na nga yung pahirap pero may ginagamit akong pinagbabawal na teknik, acctg haxx.
Kapag nagets mo to madali na ang bank recon. May four columns to:
1st Column - Previous month
2nd Column - Receipts
3rd Column - Disbursements
4th Column - This Month
(see first photo)
So bat biglang may inversely proportional saka directly proportional? Para mas madaling
intindihin saka icheck yung gagawin mo. Pag sinabing inversely proportional, baliktad yung
effect sa kabila. Pag nagincrease yung isa magdedecrease yung isang column, vice versa.
Pag directly proportional naman, ibig sabihin kung anong effect sa isa, yun din effect sa
kabila. Pag nag increase yung isa iincrease din yung kabila. Pag nafdecrease yung isa
decrease din kabila.
DEFINITION OF TERMS ULIT.
Book Debit= (+)
Book Credit= (-)
Bank Debit= (-)***
Bank Credit= (+)***
***Bat magkabaliktad? kasi example, nagwithdraw ka sa bank (bank debit) ang effect nun
nabawasan yung pera mo. Pag nagdeposit ka naman, nadadagdag yung pera mo (bank credit)
OK ETO NA:
STEP 1:
Lagay mo muna yung unadjusted balances sa corresponding columns niya
STEP 2: (Pang adjusted balance method)
BANK ADJUSTMENTS:
→ Deposit in Transit
>Previous month (+) ; Receipt (-)
>Last month mo pa yan dineposit, hindi this month kaya ibawas mo yun sa receipt mo
>Receipt (+) ; Current Month (+)
>This month mo dineposit so this month mo i-recognize
→Outstanding Check
>Previous Month (-) ; Disbursement (-)
>Last month ko pa to winithdraw, kaya nabawasan yung balance ko
>Disbursement (+); Current Month (-)
>Nadagdag yung gastos ko, kaya babawasan ko yung cash ko sa books
BOOK ADJUSTMENTS:
→Credit Memos
>Previous month (+) ; Receipt (-)
>Last month mo pa nareceive to, add mo sa previous month para di understated yung cash
>Receipt (+) ; Current Month (+)
>"Ay narecord na pala to ng bank? Record ko na din wala pa kong record nito eh"
→Debit Memos
>Previous Month (-) ; Disbursement (-)
>Ngayon lang nabawas sa book, pero last month pa talaga to nagastos
>Disbursement (+) ; Current Month (-)
>Gastos mo yan this month eh; kaya bawasan natin pera mo
****WAG MALITO SA DISBURSEMENT--pag increase in disbursement, ibig sabihin nadagdagan
yung gastusin mo. So kung nabawasan naman yung gastusin mo (nabawasan as in di kasi sa
month na yun dapat narecord eh) idedecrease mo naman yung disbursement
May gagawin pa po ako kaya di po ako makakapagexample, pero kung iaapply niyo yung
concept madali na po yan
In summary:
Pag magkatabi na column WAG NA WAG niyo po isasame treatment, dapat kung magiincrease
ka kunyari sa previous month, tas receipt yun, dapat decrease yung amount sa receipt
Except pag bank and book errors, depende kasi sa situation yun tulad ng sinabi kong
explanation kanina :)

*Bat parang nakagulo lang yata ako