Sufficient air will help to release the potential heat contained in the fuel.

Insuffecient air-Loss of potential heat (incomplete combustion)

Excess air-Large loss of sensible heat (heat possible to used/recover)
 Lmin flow = minimum combustion air is used as basis for primary or kiln air calculation. (k

Abbreviation Units Values Lmin,flow (kg/h) Lmin, flow (kg air/h)

P Production tpd 4000 162.634 162.643

F,fuel Fuel Flow tph 11.652

kg/
Lmin,heat Min Comb air 1.427236
1000kcal
lower heat
Hi,fuel kcal/kg 9780
value

Heat
X kcal/kg cl 683.7
consumption
r primary or kiln air calculation. (kg air/hr), [Nm2 air/min] Lmin,flow
Lmin,Heat
Lmin,Fuel
Lmin,heat= Minimum combustion air based on ratio between
= Units (kg air/1000kcal),(Nm3 air/MJ)

Lmin fuel 13.95837

Hi, fuel 9780

Lmin,heat 1.427236
 Units Values
Density of Atmospheric air kg/Nm3 1.293 0.043087
Density of Oxygen kg/Nm3 1.429

Component % Formula Lmin,fuel

C 85.2 =(32/12)*D35 227.2 13.95837 kg air/kg oil
H 11.6 =(16/2)*11.6 92.8
O 0.2 =-(D37) -0.2
S 2.1 =(D38) 2.1
N 0.9 =(32/14)*D39 2.057143
Total 100