x Pronunciation Table Vowels + Symbol Keyword i beat, feed 1 bit, dic er date, paid e bet, bed w bat, bad a box, odd, father 3 bought, dag oo boat, road vo book, good u boot, food, student A but, mud, mother a banana, among » shirt, murder ar bite, cry, buy, eye a0 about, haw ot voice, boy Ww beer er bare ar bar or door or tour Consonants Symbol Keyword p pack, happy b back, rubber t tie d die k ‘came, key, quick g game, guest tf chureh, natura, watch 3 judge, general, major f fan, photograph v van 0 thing, breath ny then, breathe s sip, city, psychology z zip, please, goes S ship, machine, station, special, discussion 3 measure, vision h hot, who * m men, some n sun, know, pneumonia 0 sung, ringing Wg Wet, white y light, Tonge right, wrong yes, use, music fi butter, bottle i button it means that /t/ may be dropped ‘di means that /d/ may bo dropped " shows main stress Al shows secondary stress hl shows stress shift American English Sounds ly di, /t/, fd, and /nf/ Jy The /t/ in tap or satis a voiceless sound Many Americans, however, use a voiced sour like @ quick /d/ for the t in words like Jaton, party and little. The ¢ in these words, shown Wf) this dictionary as /t/, sounds like the d in ladder, hardy and middle. This sound usually occurs between vowels (especially before an unstressed vowel], between rand a vowel, or before a syllabic // /t/ This symbol means that many speakers pronounce a glottal stop in place of or togell er with /t/. A glottal stop is the sound in the middle of the exoression uh oh. For example, in the words button /'batn/ and football /'futbal/, the ¢ does not sound the same as in the word ton /tan/; it sounds more like a short: period of silence. The glottal stop usually occurs before 4 syllabic /n/ or a consonant: that begins the next syllable. /t! and /d/ These symbols mean that these consonants may be either pronounced or left: out. For example, the ¢ in restless /‘restlis/ and the din grandfather /'greend,fade/ are usually dropped in normal connected speach, everi though it is considered more correct in siow, careful speech to pronounce the ¢ and d in these words. /nJ/ Many speskers pronounce the sequence /nf/ as /ntf/. For example attention /e'tenJon/, conscious /'kanfas/ may also be pronounced as /a'tentfon/, /'kantJas/. Only the pronunciation with /nj/ is shown